CN101769643A - 追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统 - Google Patents

追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统 Download PDF

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CN101769643A
CN101769643A CN200910058051A CN200910058051A CN101769643A CN 101769643 A CN101769643 A CN 101769643A CN 200910058051 A CN200910058051 A CN 200910058051A CN 200910058051 A CN200910058051 A CN 200910058051A CN 101769643 A CN101769643 A CN 101769643A
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fresnel lens
point focusing
glass
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solar system
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CN101769643B (zh
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黄忠
李向阳
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Sichuan Zsun Solar Energy Development Co.,Ltd.
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CHENGDU ZHONGSHUN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Priority to US12/933,667 priority patent/US20110017274A1/en
Priority to AU2010204415A priority patent/AU2010204415B2/en
Priority to ES10729097.5T priority patent/ES2558130T3/es
Priority to EP10729097.5A priority patent/EP2375184B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2010/070017 priority patent/WO2010078838A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • F24S30/452—Vertical primary axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Abstract

本发明提供一种追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，它包括箱体，点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，反射低辐射玻璃，光伏组件，高温蓄热体和追踪器。点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，反射低辐射玻璃和光伏组件从上至下依次排列，分别安装在所述的箱体的上、中和下部。点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜的上方放置高温蓄热体。高温蓄热体固定安装在与箱体连接的横向支架上。箱体安装在追踪器上，由追踪器带动箱体跟踪太阳。本发明采用追踪聚光技术和太阳光选择性透过技术，是一种高效清洁的光电光热利用方式。

Description

追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，属于太阳能光热光电应用领域。
背景技术
太阳能是新能源与可再生能源的重要组成部分。太阳能的开发利用有着巨大的市场前景，不仅带来很好的社会效益、环境效益，而且还有明显的经济价值。太阳能的利用方式主要分为光热转换、光电转换以及光热光电转换。为了充分利用太阳光的能量，光热光电转换的利用方式越来越受到人们的重视。
查阅中国国内相关专利情况。涉及光热光电转换的利用方式的发明专利主要以下几件。专利申请号为200810044255.2提及的一种晶体硅太阳能电池组件光电光热利用系统；申请号为200710063481.0提及的太阳能光电光热一体化聚集器。上述的专利文件中涉及的光电光热利用技术，均采用冷却液冷却太阳电池的方式来获得热能，同时均没有采用跟踪聚光技术。以上涉及的技术方案存在几方面的缺点：①没有采用跟踪聚光技术，太阳能利用率不高；②采用冷却液冷却太阳电池的方式，无法获得较多的热量，而且是低温热能，小于100℃；③采用的电池组件非常规组件，需重新设计组装，技术复杂，实现难度大。
太阳电磁辐射中的99.9％的能量集中在红外区、可见光区和紫外区，而能够通过光伏电池将光能转换为电能的太阳辐射波长范围大约在0.2～1.25μm之间，即紫外区的一部分，可见光区和近红外区的一部分。本发明采用跟踪聚光技术，提高利用率。同时采用太阳光选择性透过技术，使可见光透过，大部分的红外线反射，将太阳光谱中各个波段的能量分别利用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统。这是一种能够精确跟踪太阳，分波段利用太阳光，高倍聚热，中低倍聚光的光热光电转换系统。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：它包括箱体，点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，反射低辐射玻璃，光伏组件，高温蓄热体和追踪器。点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，反射低辐射玻璃和光伏组件从上至下依次排列，分别安装在所述的箱体的上、中和下部。反射低辐射玻璃放置在点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜的焦距的2/5～3/5处为佳。点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜的上方放置高温蓄热体。高温蓄热体固定安装在与箱体连接的横向支架上。而整个箱体安装在追踪器上。
追踪器驱动箱体运动，使得太阳光始终垂直照射在点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜上。太阳光经过点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜后，汇聚照射在反射低辐射玻璃上。利用反射低辐射玻璃的太阳光选择性透过的特征，照射在反射低辐射玻璃上的太阳光，其中大部分的红外线反射，照射在高温蓄体上；而其余光线透过，照射在光伏组件上，也可经过二次透镜再次聚焦后，照射在光伏组件上。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的实施例的原理示意图。
图中，1.箱体，2.点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，3.高度角调节机构，4.支撑框架，5.立柱，6.方位角调节机构，7.横向支架，8.高温蓄体热，9.反射低辐射玻璃，10.光伏组件
具体实施方式
参考图1和图2，本发明的实施例包括箱体1，点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜2，反射低辐射玻璃9，光伏组件10，高温蓄热体8和追踪器。点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜2，反射低辐射玻璃9和光伏组件10从上至下依次排列，分别安装在所述的箱体1的上、中和下部。反射低辐射玻璃9放置在点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜2的焦距的1/2处，光伏组件10紧贴合反射低辐射玻璃9。点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜2的上方放置高温蓄热体8。高温蓄热体8固定安装在与箱体1连接的横向支架7上。箱体1安装在追踪器上。追踪器驱动箱体1运动，保持太阳光始终垂直照射在点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜2上。太阳光经过点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜2后，汇聚照射在反射低辐射玻璃9上。照射在反射低辐射玻璃9上的太阳光，其中大部分的红外线反射，照射在高温蓄体8上；其余光线透过，照射在光伏组件10上。
上述的追踪器由立柱5、方位角调节机构6、高度角调节机构3和支撑框架4组成。方位角调节机构6安装在立柱5上端，支撑框架4安装方位角调节机构6上。
上述的箱体1的转轴安装在支撑框架4上，并与高度角调节机构3连接。
上述的反射低辐射玻璃9采用对太阳光谱中波长≥1.25μm的光线反射率高和可见光透过率高的超白浮法平板玻璃材料。
上述的高温蓄热体8的吸热面采用耐高温、高导热的陶瓷材料，主体部分采用高温稳定性好的导热储热材料。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭示如上，但并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉此技艺者，在不脱离本发明之精神和范围内所作之各种更动与润饰，亦属本发明之范围。因此，本发明之保护范围当视后附之申请专利范围所界定者为准。

Claims (5)

1.一种追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，包括箱体，点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，反射低辐射玻璃，光伏组件，高温蓄热体和追踪器，其特征在于：所述的点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜，反射低辐射玻璃和光伏组件从上至下依次排列，分别安装在所述的箱体的上、中和下部；所述的点聚焦玻璃基菲涅耳透镜的上方放置高温蓄热体；所述的高温蓄热体固定安装在与箱体连接的横向支架上；所述的箱体安装在追踪器上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，其特征在于：所述的追踪器由立柱、方位角调节机构、高度角调节机构和支撑框架组成；所述的方位角调节机构安装在立柱上端，支撑框架安装方位角调节机构上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，其特征在于：所述的箱体的转轴安装在支撑框架上，并与高度角调节机构连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，其特征在于：所述的反射低辐射玻璃采用红外线反射率高和可见光透过率高的超白浮法平板玻璃材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统，其特征在于：所述的高温蓄热体的吸热面采用耐高温、高导热的陶瓷材料，主体部分采用高温稳定性好的导热储热材料。
CN2009100580519A 2009-01-06 2009-01-06 追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101769643B (zh)

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US12/933,667 US20110017274A1 (en) 2009-01-06 2010-01-05 Large Tracking-Type Fresnel Lens Point-Focusing Solar System
AU2010204415A AU2010204415B2 (en) 2009-01-06 2010-01-05 Large tracking-type Fresnel lens point-focusing solar system
ES10729097.5T ES2558130T3 (es) 2009-01-06 2010-01-05 Sistema solar de enfoque puntual por lente Fresnet grande de tipo seguimiento
EP10729097.5A EP2375184B1 (en) 2009-01-06 2010-01-05 Large tracking-type fresnel lens point-focusing solar system
PCT/CN2010/070017 WO2010078838A1 (zh) 2009-01-06 2010-01-05 追踪式大型菲涅耳透镜点聚焦太阳能系统

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