CN101760243B - Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and process thereof - Google Patents

Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and process thereof Download PDF

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CN101760243B
CN101760243B CN200810188170.1A CN200810188170A CN101760243B CN 101760243 B CN101760243 B CN 101760243B CN 200810188170 A CN200810188170 A CN 200810188170A CN 101760243 B CN101760243 B CN 101760243B
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coal
nozzle
dry pulverized
combustion chamber
pulverized coal
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CN101760243A (en
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杨振峰
潘德胜
庄光山
李发林
张华新
任格勇
张克锋
苏厚常
刘焕发
孙风刚
李荣良
张永
邹宇
赵新江
李玉成
贾克辉
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SHANDONG HUALU-HENGSHENG CHEMICAL Co Ltd
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SHANDONG HUALU-HENGSHENG CHEMICAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and a process thereof, which comprises a coal slurry preparing and conveying mechanism, a dry coal powder preparing and conveying mechanism and a pressurized gasification mechanism, wherein the coal slurry preparing and conveying mechanism consists of a coal mill, a coal slurry groove, a high-pressure coal slurry pump and a high-pressure coal slurry pipeline; the dry coal powder preparing and conveying mechanism consists of a dry powder preparer, a dry powder storage groove, a screw-rod conveyer, a coal powder pipeline and a nozzle feeding bin; and the pressurized gasification mechanism comprises a combustion chamber and a quench chamber. A water-coal slurry nozzle and a dry coal powder nozzle are arranged on the combustion chamber and are respectively communicated with the interior of the combustion chamber; and the dry coal powder nozzle and the water-coal slurry nozzle are also connected with a high-pressure gas pipeline. The dry coal powder nozzle arranged at the top reduces the damages of the returned air current mixture to the vault and the blind-head firebricks, thereby improving the utilization rate of the equipment. The injection mode of the dry powder and the carbon dioxide at the top increases the content of carbon in the reactants, and the active ingredients in the coal gas are increased to 85% above, thereby improving the utilization ratio of the coal resource and reducing the discharge amount of carbon dioxide.

Description

Three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device and technique thereof
Technical field
The present invention about a kind of wet method slip air flow bed pressing gas gasifying device, more particularly, about a kind of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device and technique thereof.
Background technology
Gasification of coal, namely utilizes vaporized chemical (as O under certain temperature and pressure condition 2, H 2o) Clean synthesis gas is generated (with CO, H with coal reaction 2and CO 2be main mixture), being an important method of coal being carried out to chemical process, is also the key realizing coal-cleaning utilization.Its main reaction is as follows:
C+O 2→CO 2
C+CO 2→2CO;
C+H 2O→CO+H 2
CO+H 2O→H 2+CO 2
Coal gasification, especially wet type pressurized gasification technology, show good economic and social benefit, the gasification technology (patent No. ZL98110616.1) of " multi-nozzle opposed coal water slurry or pulverized coal gasification furnace and application " thereof is a Typical Representative of this technology, its core technology is vapourizing furnace circumferential arrangement 4 or more nozzle, oxygen and coal water slurry are sprayed into vapourizing furnace by nozzle under a certain pressure, oxygen G&W and the burning of coal hybrid reaction, in stove, form percussion flow carry out gasification reaction, prepare industrial gas with methanol, liquefied ammonia, urea or generating etc., and, CO and H 2be the effective constituent in industrial gas, how much effective constituent be also an important indicator of current various technology pursue.
The advantage of above-mentioned technology is adopted to be: raw material is widely applicable, and efficiency of carbon conversion is high, and environmental pollution is few.But, also there is following weak point:
1, in actual applications, owing to adopting wet feeding (coal and water grinding being made the coal water slurry of about 60% concentration), the concentration of coal water slurry improves limited (basic about 60% at present), in reactant, the content of carbon is low, water-content is higher, oxygen depletion is high, and heat utilization efficiency is low;
2, because the material of 4 nozzle ejections forms percussion flow in combustion chamber, the back-mixing air-flow of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure becomes harm to combustion chamber vault and blind capitiform, the refractory brick of combustion chamber vault and blind head is shortened work-ing life greatly, the gasifier operation cycle of this technology generally only has 20-30 days in actual applications, and its key brick, blind head, nozzle segment are subject to percussion flow heat effects and easily damage.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device and technique thereof, by the dry pulverized coal nozzle configured at its top, alleviate the damage of back-mixing air-flow to the refractory brick of vault and blind head, improve the utilization ratio of equipment, by having sprayed into mode and increased substantially the carbon content in reactant at its top increase dry pulverized coal and carbonic acid gas, improving reaction efficiency makes charcoal percent conversion reach more than 99%, in the industrial gas of preparation, effective constituent brings up to more than 85% by 80%, increase substantially the comprehensive utilization ratio of coal resources, the quantity discharged of carbonic acid gas is decreased largely.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device, and it includes:
Coal slurry prepares transfer mechanism, and described coal slurry is prepared transfer mechanism and being included coal pulverizer for feed coal being formed coal water slurry, being used for laying in the coal slurry groove of described coal water slurry, being used for carrying high-pressure coal pulp pump and the high-pressure coal slurry pipeline of described coal water slurry;
Dry pulverized coal prepares transfer mechanism, and described dry pulverized coal prepares the nozzle feed hopper that transfer mechanism including dry powder draft machine for feed coal being formed dry pulverized coal, being used for laying in the dry powder of described dry pulverized coal deposit groove, being used for carrying the screw rod conveyor of described dry pulverized coal and fine coal pipeline and being connected with described fine coal pipeline;
Pressurized gasification mechanism, described pressurized gasification mechanism includes generating gasification reaction therein and forms the combustion chamber of industrial gas and the shock chamber for industrial gas water bath dust-removing being formed unstripped gas;
Described combustion chamber is also provided with the coal-water slurry nozzle be connected with described high-pressure coal slurry pipeline and the dry pulverized coal nozzle be connected with described nozzle feed hopper, described coal-water slurry nozzle and dry pulverized coal nozzle are connected with described combustion chamber respectively, and described dry pulverized coal nozzle and described coal-water slurry nozzle are also connected with high pressure gas pipeline.
The quantity of described coal-water slurry nozzle is more than one, and described more than one coal-water slurry nozzle and described combustion chamber central axis are arranged perpendicular.
Described dry pulverized coal is prepared transfer mechanism and is also included the screening plant that the dry pulverized coal that described dry powder draft machine is formed can be carried out screening.
Described dry pulverized coal is prepared transfer mechanism and is also included the spiral scraper being arranged on described nozzle feed hopper and described dry pulverized coal nozzle junction.
Described dry pulverized coal nozzle is arranged on the top of described combustion chamber.
A kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process, its processing step includes:
1) coal water slurry is made in the grinding of the feed coal after fragmentation, water and additive, described coal water slurry enters combustion chamber by coal-water slurry nozzle, and high pressure oxygen enters described combustion chamber by described coal-water slurry nozzle;
2) feed coal after fragmentation is made dry pulverized coal, described dry pulverized coal enters described combustion chamber by dry pulverized coal nozzle, and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas enters described combustion chamber by described dry pulverized coal nozzle;
3) there is violent chemical reaction in described dry pulverized coal, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, coal water slurry, high pressure oxygen and water, forms three-dimensional three-dimensional head-on collision air-flow from top to bottom, generate the industrial gas based on carbon monoxide and hydrogen in described combustion chamber.
Its processing step also includes: described industrial gas carries out the unstripped gas of water bath dust-removing formation for subsequent processing by shock chamber.
The concentration of described coal water slurry is 60%-65%.
The diameter of described dry pulverized coal is 30-100 micron.
Beneficial effect after employing technique scheme is: a kind of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention and technique tool thereof have the following advantages:
1, the feeding manner of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention includes gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase three kinds, and gas phase comprises oxygen and carbonic acid gas, and liquid phase is coal water slurry, and solid phase is dry pulverized coal.Wherein, solid phase dry pulverized coal participates in the content that reaction can increase substantially total carbon in reactant, is equivalent in other words improve coal-water fluid concentration, reduces the content of water in reactant, decrease the coal heat for heating useless water, thus decrease calorific loss.
2, in three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention, top of combustion chamber is configured with dry pulverized coal nozzle, the dry pulverized coal that enters from nozzle and carbon dioxide reaction air-flow is made to form inverted " parachute " shape, form a kind of air film and greatly alleviate the back-mixing air-flow of combustion chamber periphery nozzle generation to the erosion of arch crown refractory brick, effectively prevent the unusual phenomenon such as vault and blind head overtemperature, extend the work-ing life of refractory brick, improve plant factor.
3, introduce another feed carbon dioxide in three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention, achieve Bu Duaer (Boudiuard) and react (CO 2+ C=2CO-162.4Mj/kmol), its essence is that reduction with carbon carbonic acid gas is to improve the carbon monoxide in industrial gas.Thus reduce the content of carbonic acid gas in reactant, improve the content of effective constituent carbon monoxide in the industrial gas of preparation.Further, Boudouard reaction is thermo-negative reaction, concerning the high temperature of about 1300 DEG C, gasification zone, this reaction serves positive heat balance effect, thus available protecting stove brick and nozzle, extend the work-ing life of equipment.
4, three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention is inner by raw material jetting device by 5 nozzles, its top is provided with the dry pulverized coal nozzle that carbonic acid gas and dry pulverized coal share, side is horizontally disposed with the water coal oar nozzle that four oxygen G&W coal oars share, 3 D stereo head-on collision can be formed, make atomizing raw materials better effects if.
5, three-phase multi-material three-dimensional of the present invention pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process is easy and simple to handle, and the device continuous cycle of operation is long, and home-made equipment rate is high, and ash content carbon in production is low, and resource utilization is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of each mechanism of a kind of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiment in the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device of the present invention includes pressurized gasification mechanism, coal slurry prepares transfer mechanism and dry pulverized coal prepares transfer mechanism.Wherein:
Described coal slurry is prepared transfer mechanism and is included the coal pulverizer 1 for feed coal 17 being formed coal water slurry, the coal slurry groove 2 being used for laying in described coal water slurry, the high-pressure coal pulp pump 3 being used for carrying described coal water slurry and high-pressure coal slurry pipeline 4;
Described dry pulverized coal prepares the nozzle feed hopper 12 that transfer mechanism including dry powder draft machine 7 for feed coal 17 being formed dry pulverized coal, being used for laying in the dry powder of described dry pulverized coal deposit groove 8, being used for carrying the screw rod conveyor 9 of described dry pulverized coal and fine coal pipeline 10 and being connected with fine coal pipeline 10, it can also be other power conveying device, not as limit, any power set that motivating force can be provided;
Described pressurized gasification mechanism includes generating gasification reaction therein and forms the combustion chamber 5 of industrial gas and the shock chamber 13 for industrial gas water bath dust-removing being formed unstripped gas;
Combustion chamber 5 is also provided with the coal-water slurry nozzle 6 be connected with high-pressure coal slurry pipeline 4 and the dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 be connected with nozzle feed hopper 12, coal-water slurry nozzle 6 and dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 are connected with inside, combustion chamber 5 respectively, dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 and coal-water slurry nozzle 6 are also connected with high pressure gas pipeline 14, high pressure gas pipeline 14 can conveying high-pressure carbon dioxide or high pressure oxygen, can specific design as required.
The quantity of coal-water slurry nozzle 6 is more than one, and more than one coal-water slurry nozzle 6 is arranged perpendicular with combustion chamber 5 central axis;
Described dry pulverized coal is prepared transfer mechanism and is also included the spiral scraper 15 being arranged on nozzle feed hopper 12 and dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 junction, and it also includes the screening plant 11 that the dry pulverized coal that dry powder draft machine 7 can be formed carries out screening;
Dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 can be arranged on the top of combustion chamber 5.
Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process of the present invention is as follows:
1, after fragmentation, its granularity is less than the feed coal 17 of 10mm, water 18 and additive 19 and is sent to coal pulverizer 1, co-ground makes the coal water slurry that concentration is about 60%-65%, then combustion chamber 5 is entered along high-pressure coal slurry pipeline 4 by coal-water slurry nozzle 6 through coal slurry groove 2, high-pressure coal pulp pump 3, further, the high pressure gas pipeline 14 be connected with coal-water slurry nozzle 6 inputs high pressure oxygen 20;
2, after fragmentation, its granularity is less than the feed coal 17 of 10mm toward dry powder draft machine 7, make the dry pulverized coal that diameter is 30-100 micron, then dry powder deposit groove 8 is entered through screening plant 11, then nozzle feed hopper 12 is entered through screw rod conveyor 9 along fine coal pipeline 10, combustion chamber 5 is entered by dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 under the effect of spiral scraper 15, further, the high pressure gas pipeline 14 be connected with dry pulverized coal nozzle 16 inputs high-pressure carbon dioxide gas 21;
3, there is violent chemical reaction in dry pulverized coal, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas 21, coal water slurry, high pressure oxygen 20 and water, three-dimensional three-dimensional head-on collision air-flow is formed from top to bottom in combustion chamber 5, generate the industrial gas based on carbon monoxide and hydrogen, after carrying out water bath dust-removing by shock chamber 13, discharge shock chamber 13 through gas exit, form the unstripped gas being used for subsequent processing.
To sum up, in complete processing, have employed multi phase state, many feedstock modes such as gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase, effectively improve the content of carbon in liquid raw material by increasing dry pulverized coal charging; Making carbon and carbonic acid gas generation redox reaction by adding carbon dioxide 21 as reagent, effectively improve the content of available gas carbon monoxide in industrial gas.The shortcomings that current both at home and abroad wet method pressurized gasification technology particularly exists in multi-nozzle opposed gasification technology can be solved, realizing coal is suitable for wide, the technical superioritys such as efficiency of carbon conversion is high, and gasification intensity is large, for New Coal Chemical and energy conversion provide gasification technology and the device of different needs.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device, is characterized in that, it includes:
Coal slurry prepares transfer mechanism, and described coal slurry is prepared transfer mechanism and being included coal pulverizer for feed coal being formed coal water slurry, being used for laying in the coal slurry groove of described coal water slurry, being used for carrying high-pressure coal pulp pump and the high-pressure coal slurry pipeline of described coal water slurry;
Dry pulverized coal prepares transfer mechanism, and described dry pulverized coal prepares the nozzle feed hopper that transfer mechanism including dry powder draft machine for feed coal being formed dry pulverized coal, being used for laying in the dry powder of described dry pulverized coal deposit groove, being used for carrying the screw rod conveyor of described dry pulverized coal and fine coal pipeline and being connected with described fine coal pipeline;
Pressurized gasification mechanism, described pressurized gasification mechanism includes generating gasification reaction therein and forms the combustion chamber of industrial gas and the shock chamber for industrial gas water bath dust-removing being formed unstripped gas;
Described combustion chamber is also provided with the coal-water slurry nozzle be connected with described high-pressure coal slurry pipeline and the dry pulverized coal nozzle be connected with described nozzle feed hopper, described coal-water slurry nozzle and dry pulverized coal nozzle are connected with described combustion chamber respectively, and described dry pulverized coal nozzle and described coal-water slurry nozzle are also connected with high pressure gas pipeline.
2. three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described coal-water slurry nozzle is more than one, and described more than one coal-water slurry nozzle and described combustion chamber central axis are arranged perpendicular.
3. three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described dry pulverized coal is prepared transfer mechanism and also included the screening plant that the dry pulverized coal that described dry powder draft machine is formed can be carried out screening.
4. the three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described dry pulverized coal is prepared transfer mechanism and also included the spiral scraper being arranged on described nozzle feed hopper and described dry pulverized coal nozzle junction.
5. three-phase multi-material solid coal pressure collision gasification device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described dry pulverized coal nozzle is arranged on the top of described combustion chamber.
6. a three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process, it is characterized in that, its processing step includes:
1) coal water slurry is made in the grinding of the feed coal after fragmentation, water and additive, described coal water slurry enters combustion chamber by coal-water slurry nozzle, and high pressure oxygen enters described combustion chamber by described coal-water slurry nozzle;
2) feed coal after fragmentation is made dry pulverized coal, described dry pulverized coal enters described combustion chamber by dry pulverized coal nozzle, and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas enters described combustion chamber by described dry pulverized coal nozzle;
3) there is violent chemical reaction in described dry pulverized coal, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, coal water slurry, high pressure oxygen and water, forms three-dimensional three-dimensional head-on collision air-flow from top to bottom, generate the industrial gas based on carbon monoxide and hydrogen in described combustion chamber.
7. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, its processing step also includes: described industrial gas carries out the unstripped gas of water bath dust-removing formation for subsequent processing by shock chamber.
8. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the concentration of described coal water slurry is 60%-65%.
9., according to the three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process in claim 6 to 8 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described dry pulverized coal is 30-100 micron.
CN200810188170.1A 2008-12-24 2008-12-24 Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and process thereof Active CN101760243B (en)

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CN103555370B (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-07-29 新奥气化采煤有限公司 Carbonaceous organic material gasification process and vapourizing furnace
CN103695039B (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-07-08 河南心连心化肥有限公司 Coal gasification device and process capable of combusting organic effluent sewage
CN103897740B (en) * 2014-04-15 2016-02-10 新奥气化采煤有限公司 Coal is gasification process altogether
CN105441136B (en) * 2014-09-30 2018-05-18 中国石油化工股份有限公司 The gasification process that a kind of residual oil, dry powder and water-coal-slurry are fed jointly
CN104910968A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-09-16 上海尧兴投资管理有限公司 Reactor for carbonaceous substance gasification
CN108728601A (en) * 2017-04-14 2018-11-02 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 A kind of iron smelting method recycled based on top coal gas
CN110669553A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-10 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Gasification furnace for multi-raw material grading feeding
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