CN101758864B - Bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect - Google Patents
Bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN101758864B CN101758864B CN2010100397465A CN201010039746A CN101758864B CN 101758864 B CN101758864 B CN 101758864B CN 2010100397465 A CN2010100397465 A CN 2010100397465A CN 201010039746 A CN201010039746 A CN 201010039746A CN 101758864 B CN101758864 B CN 101758864B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect, which is composed of a basal surface and non-smooth units distributed on the basal surface evenly, wherein the non-smooth units are projections, recesses, L-shaped grooves or V-shaped channels; attaching the bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect to the surface of cars, passenger cars or high-speed trains can effectively lower the coefficient of air drag of vehicle body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of film that is used to reduce the product aerodynamic drag, relate in particular to a kind of bionic non-smooth surface film that can be applicable to the vehicle body pneumatic drag reduction of automobile, passenger vehicle and trackless/railroad vehicle with pneumatic drag reduction effect.
Background technology
Automobile consumption growth fast causes energy resource consumption to quicken to increase, it is more and more serious that energy problem becomes, pertinent data shows estimates that China's fuel for motor vehicles consumption in 2010 will account for about 43% of the total oil consumption in the whole nation, and automobile will become the principal element that consumption of petroleum increases.Be used to overcome the power of air resistance and the 30%-40% that consumption of fuel accounts for travel gross horsepower and consumption of fuel when automobile speed surpasses 60km/h, the energy and drag reduction are closely bound up, and drag reduction promptly means energy-conservation.Reducing air resistance and mean that car load fuel efficiency and dynamic property are all effectively improved, is cost-cutting, increases the important channel of fuel utilization.
Body drag coefficient and vehicle air drag relationship are very close, just at present body drawing and exploitation present situation adopt the teardrop body design usually, install guiding device additional, install jetting system additional, reduce the purpose that method such as vehicle body wind area reaches drag reduction.Reaching drag reduction by the teardrop body design is the method that people early adopt, and can improve the air dynamic behaviour of car load to a great extent, and this governing principle is used till today always.Can further reduce body drag on this basis, the scientific research personnel proposes to install additional guiding device and passes through with smooth base plate, air dam skirt and local refinement such as wheel shaft and recess, preset air dam skirt, install additional at afterbody and stream bar and reach and improve the automobile aeroperformance in the position on the lower side at front end, reduce aerodynamic drag; Install jetting system additional by using the uniform airflow jetting system at the vehicle afterbody, adorning the purpose that a gas injection apparatus reaches drag reduction in the trailing vortex center.But because the research of this two aspect comparative maturity, the space that reduces body drag is less, and the international and domestic in recent years report that does not have too many vehicle body pneumatic drag reduction up-to-date technology makes the development of vehicle body air drag reduction enter bottleneck period.
The Gonna breakthrough bottleneck need be introduced bionic non-smooth surface to traditional body drawing idea change in body drawing, by bionics principle, utilize the organism surface non-smooth surface to carry out drag reduction.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect is provided.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect, it is made up of basal plane and the non-smooth units that is evenly distributed on the basal plane; Described non-smooth units is convex closure, pit, L shaped groove or vee-cut, and the non-smooth units maximum height or the degree of depth can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein: u is the time averaged velocity of gas, and v is the air viscosity coefficient, and l is a vehicle body local surfaces length, and Re (l) expression length is the Reynolds number of the vehicle body local surfaces of l, the height of δ (l) expression convex closure and the degree of depth of pit, L shaped groove or vee-cut.
Further, when described non-smooth units is convex closure, circular diameter d=0.2mm-5mm at the bottom of the described convex closure, height h=0.1mm-3mm, distance s=0.8mm-15mm.
Further, when described non-smooth units is pit, circular diameter d=0.2mm-5mm at the bottom of the described pit, degree of depth h=0.1mm-3mm, distance s=0.8mm-15mm.
Further, when described non-smooth units was L shaped groove, the groove floor width of described L shaped groove was s=0.2mm-2mm, highly is h=0.2mm-2mm, and the groove floor space is d=0.6mm-15mm.
Further, when described non-smooth units is vee-cut, the scope of angle A is 15 °～165 ° between the adjacent two groove floors of described vee-cut, also available arc transition, maximum width s between its groove floor is 0.2mm-2mm, height h=0.2mm-2mm, the groove floor space is s=0mm-10mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: stick the bionic non-smooth surface film that the present invention has pneumatic drag reduction effect on automobile, passenger vehicle or high speed train surface and can effectively reduce the body drag coefficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a pit type cell cube structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a convex closure type cell cube structural representation;
Fig. 3 is L shaped groove cell cube structural representation;
Fig. 4 is first kind of vee-cut cell cube structural representation;
Fig. 5 is second kind of vee-cut cell cube structural representation;
Fig. 6 is a vee-cut cell cube structural representation;
Fig. 7 is a dimple-shaped drag reduction films structural representation, wherein, (a) is front view, (b) is lateral plan;
Fig. 8 is a L channel shaped drag reduction films structural representation, wherein, (a) is front view, (b) is lateral plan.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is more obvious that purpose of the present invention and effect will become.
The present invention has the bionic non-smooth surface film of pneumatic drag reduction effect and is made up of basal plane and non-smooth units, non-smooth units is evenly distributed on the basal plane, non-smooth units is convex closure, pit, L shaped groove, vee-cut or vee-cut, and the non-smooth units maximum height or the degree of depth can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein: u is the time averaged velocity of gas; V is the air viscosity coefficient; L is a vehicle body local surfaces length, general l=0.5-18.0m; Re (l) expression length is the Reynolds number of the vehicle body local surfaces of l; Convex closure height, groove-shaped non-smooth units height degree or the pit depth of δ (l) expression vehicle body drag reduction film, general δ (l)=0.1mm-2mm.
The pit type cell cube is at film matrix surface rectangular distribution.As shown in Figure 1, circular diameter d=0.2mm-5mm at the bottom of the cell cube, cell cube degree of depth h=0.1mm-3mm, cell cube distance s=0.8mm-15mm.
Convex closure type cell cube is at film matrix surface rectangular distribution.As shown in Figure 2, circular diameter d=0.2mm-5mm at the bottom of the cell cube, cell cube height h=0.1mm-3mm, cell cube distance s=0.8mm-15mm.
L shaped groove is at film matrix surface rectangular distribution.As shown in Figure 3, groove floor width is s=0.2mm-2mm, highly is h=0.2mm-2mm, and the groove floor space is d=0.6mm-15mm.
Vee-cut is at film matrix surface rectangular distribution.As shown in Figure 4, the scope of angle A is 15 °～165 ° between the adjacent two groove floors, also available arc transition, and the maximum width s between its groove floor is 0.2mm-2mm, height h=0.2mm-2mm, the groove floor space is s=0mm-10mm; When groove floor space s=0mm, vee-cut cell cube structure as shown in Figure 5;
Vee-cut is at film matrix surface rectangular distribution.As shown in Figure 5, the scope of angle A is 15 °～165 ° between the floor, also available arc transition, and floor space is d=0.2mm-3mm, width 0.2mm-2mm, height h=0.2mm-2mm, vee-cut cell cube structure is as shown in Figure 5 when s=0mm.
Designed vehicle body drag reduction film can be prepared by following several modes: non-smooth units body structure form and the size of being designed different bodywork surfaces by computing machine, by computational fluid mechanics its drag-reduction effect research is obtained non-smooth units volume morphing of optimum drag reduction and size, by blowing, compression moulding or the vehicle body drag reduction film of the non-smooth morphology such as pit, convex closure or channel shaped that adopt modes such as vacuum evaporation, spin coating to use plastics, fiber and other material to process to have certain geometrical shape.
In aforementioned analysis, designed vehicle body drag reduction film can significantly reduce body drag, smooth vehicle body and the vehicle body that adds bionic non-smooth surface are being carried out drag reduction test comparative analysis, can reduce body drag coefficient 3.1%-8.2%, find that by micro-analysis introducing by bionic non-smooth surface is by changing the pressure drag and the purpose of friction drag with the realization drag reduction before and after the vehicle body.
In conjunction with example the designed vehicle body drag reduction film based on bionic, non-smooth cell cube structure is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 7, the non-smooth drag reduction films of a kind of main covering and car body top cover, the surface of film is uniform-distribution with the non-smooth units body of dimple-shaped u, the cell cube diameter d is 1.5mm, cell cube degree of depth h is 0.75mm, the transverse pitch s of cell cube u is 9.0mm, and longitudinal pitch l is 9.0mm, and it is attached to area is 1.2m
2The auto body top cover air resistance coefficient of getting on the car can reduce about 5.6%.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 8, the non-smooth drag reduction films of a kind of main covering and car body top cover, the surface of film is uniform-distribution with the non-smooth units body of channel shaped u, the wide s of its striped is 1.0mm, the high h of striped is 1.0mm, and striped cell cube spacing d is 12mm, and being attached to it at area is 1.2m
2The auto body top cover air resistance coefficient of getting on the car can reduce about 8.20%.
The foregoing description is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect is characterized in that, it is made up of basal plane and the non-smooth units that is evenly distributed on the basal plane; Described non-smooth units is convex closure, pit, L shaped groove or vee-cut, and the non-smooth units maximum height or the degree of depth can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein: u is the time averaged velocity of gas, and v is the air viscosity coefficient, and l is a vehicle body local surfaces length, and Re (l) expression length is the Reynolds number of the vehicle body local surfaces of l, the height of δ (l) expression convex closure and the degree of depth of pit, L shaped groove or vee-cut.
2. according to the described bionic non-smooth surface film of claim 1, it is characterized in that described non-smooth units is a convex closure with pneumatic drag reduction effect; Circular diameter d=0.2mm-5mm at the bottom of the described convex closure, height h=0.1mm-3mm, distance s=0.8mm-15mm.
3. according to the described bionic non-smooth surface film of claim 1, it is characterized in that described non-smooth units is a pit with pneumatic drag reduction effect; Circular diameter d=0.2mm-5mm at the bottom of the described pit, degree of depth h=0.1mm-3mm, distance s=0.8mm-15mm.
4. according to the described bionic non-smooth surface film of claim 1, it is characterized in that described non-smooth units is L shaped groove with pneumatic drag reduction effect; The groove floor width of described L shaped groove is s=0.2mm-2mm, highly is h=0.2mm-2mm, and the groove floor space is d=0.6mm-15mm.
5. according to the described bionic non-smooth surface film of claim 1, it is characterized in that described non-smooth units is a vee-cut with pneumatic drag reduction effect; The scope of angle A is 15 °～165 ° between the adjacent two groove floors of described vee-cut, also available arc transition, and the maximum width s between its groove floor is 0.2mm-2mm, height h=0.2mm-2mm, the groove floor space is s=0mm-10mm.
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| CN2010100397465A CN101758864B (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2010-01-14 | Bionic non-smooth surface film with pneumatic drag reduction effect |
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2010
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