CN101756020B - Method for producing straw feed by using fermenting lime water - Google Patents
Method for producing straw feed by using fermenting lime water Download PDFInfo
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- CN101756020B CN101756020B CN 200910242581 CN200910242581A CN101756020B CN 101756020 B CN101756020 B CN 101756020B CN 200910242581 CN200910242581 CN 200910242581 CN 200910242581 A CN200910242581 A CN 200910242581A CN 101756020 B CN101756020 B CN 101756020B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing straw feed by using fermenting lime water and belongs to the field of feed production. The method comprises the following steps: soaking the crushed dry straw in white lime water; pouring the straw into a brick fermentation pond for compacting and sealing, fermenting the straw for 85 to 100 days; and finally, forming the diastatic straw feed. Compared with the prior art, the method can ensure the fermentation quality without any additives and auxiliary materials, and has the advantages of low cost, less investment, simple operation, mechanized stirring mode, and suitability for scale production and individual production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Feed Manufacturing field, particularly a kind of method of utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed.
Background technology
Straw is the significant by-products of crops, also is the resources of production of worker, agricultural, still is the resource of regenerative resource simultaneously.China is as a large agricultural country; Produce 2.1 hundred million tons of rice straws per year; China's straw output increased sharply along with improving constantly of main grain product specific yield in recent years, and traditional straw utilizes mode gradually by reduction with eliminate, and remained the problem that is treated as the agricultural production saliency of straw in a large number; Some peasants have taked the simplest processing mode---and burning or random heap are abandoned; Not only waste valuable resource, also caused a large amount of social economy and ecological problems such as atmosphere pollution, soil mineralization, fire and traffic accident, become government's care, social concerns, public opinion focus and difficult point deeply concerned.
South produce two season rice or three season crop, for robbing farming season, a large amount of straw are burned, contaminated air influences traffic, initiation fire.South China, China Central China is because of lacking high-quality forage grass, and aquacultures such as cattle and sheep are slower development all the time.Straw is cold in nature, feeds to raise cattle and sheep and can suffer from diarrhoea, for a long time can not be feeding as forage grass, if its fermentation saccharification is handled, eliminate coldly, and become high-quality feed, inexhaustible forage grass will be provided for developing animal husbandry.
The processing prior art of straw feed can be divided into physical treatment process, method of chemical treatment and biological processes method; Physical treatment process comprises that mechanical treatment, stalk are softening, heat painting, grainy treatment, radiation exposure etc.; Method of chemical treatment comprises basification, ammonification processing, oxidation processes, acid treatment etc., and the biological processes method comprises ensiling, little storage etc.Single a kind of disposal methods effect is also not obvious.Some method also needs additive and auxiliary material, causes production cost height, poor stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed.
A kind of method of utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed, concrete scheme is following:
A, dry rice straw is crushed to 1-2cm is placed on the platform 1 of mixer;
B, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration, wherein, the gross weight of limewash be the dry rice straw gross weight 1.5-3 doubly; Spray is back and forth walked mixer after finishing, and stirs after 10-20 minute shelving 1.5-2.5 hour;
C, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration once more, wherein, the gross weight of limewash be the dry rice straw gross weight 0.8-1.2 doubly; Spray is back and forth walked mixer after finishing, and stirs after 5-15 minute the straw of acquisition limy water shelving 0.5-1.5 hour;
D, the straw of above-mentioned limy water is put in advance the fermentation vat 10 of sterilization, the back sealing is filled in compacting, and keeping fermentation temperature is 20～30 ℃, the straw feed of the acquisition saccharification in 85-100 days of ferment.
Described fermentation vat 10 is brick fermentation vat, and wall and bottom are the cement face, and the length and width of fermentation vat and height are preferably 1.8m, 2m and 3m respectively.
The sterilization employing mass percent concentration of said fermentation vat 10 is 2% edible buck.
The concrete grammar of compacting described in the step D is treaded once during for the straw of the limy water of whenever putting 10cm thickness, till filling.
The concrete grammar that seals described in the step D is with fermentation vat 10 top seals with plastic sheeting 9.
The monitor mode of fermentation temperature described in the step D is on plastic sheeting 9, to insert thermometer 8 thermometrics.
The present invention is the operating type that combines through machinery spray and mechanical agitation, limewash is puddled in dry rice straw uniformly, and made it fully to be soaked in the dry rice straw.The spray equipment therefor is made up of water pump, water pipe and shower nozzle 6, and limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw through water pipe and shower nozzle 6 through water-aspirator pressure.
Used mixer comprises stirring vane 3, stirring wheel 4, wheel shaft 5, road wheel 13.The circumferential surface of stirring wheel 4 is welded with equally distributed stirring vane 3, and stirring wheel 4 is fixed on the frame 14 through wheel shaft 5,4 road wheels 13 of frame 14 following installations.
Drive 4 road wheels 13 by reductor, back and forth walking along its length on track 12, stirring wheel 4 diameters are 800mm, are furnished with length at circumferential surface and are the cylindric stirring vane 3 of 50mm, through the reductor driven rotary.
Method synthesis of the present invention physics, chemistry and biological three kinds of processing methods, compare with prior art and to have following advantage: need not any additives and auxiliary material, can guarantee fermented quality, production cost is low; Small investment; Simple to operate, alr mode mechanization both had been fit to large-scale production, also was fit to the individual production of peasant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is straw fermentation pre-treatment sketch map;
Wherein, 1-mixer platform; The 2-dry rice straw; The 3-stirring vane; The 4-stirring wheel; The 5-wheel shaft; The 6-shower nozzle; 7-limewash; The 12-track; The 13-road wheel; The 14-frame
Fig. 2 is a straw fermentation process sketch map.
Wherein, 8-thermometer; The 9-plastic sheeting; The 10-fermentation vat; The straw of 11-limy water
The specific embodiment
The mass percent concentration that uses in following examples is that the compound method of 1% limewash is following: in 1 ton of water, add 10 kilograms of white limes, fully dissolving back quiescent setting obtains supernatant, is 1% limewash.
The fermentation vat that uses in following examples is brick fermentation vat, and wall and bottom are the cement face, and the length and width of fermentation vat and height are respectively 1.8m, 2m and 3m.
Embodiment 1
A, dry rice straw is crushed to 1-2cm is placed on the platform 1 of mixer 4;
B, with the shower nozzle of platform 1 top above-mentioned 1% limewash is evenly sprayed on the dry rice straw of pulverizing, wherein, the gross weight of limewash is 2 times of dry rice straw gross weight; Spray is back and forth walked mixer 4 after finishing, and stirs after 15 minutes shelving 2 hours, lets straw fully absorb limewash;
C, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration once more, wherein, the gross weight of limewash is 1 times of dry rice straw gross weight; Spray back and forth walk mixer 4 after finishing, and stirs after 10 minutes shelving 1 hour, the straw of acquisition limy water;
D, in advance with fermentation vat 10 sterilization, thimerosal is that mass percent concentration is 2% edible buck, the straw of above-mentioned limy water is put into the fermentation vat 10 of sterilizing; When the straw of limy water is put into thickness and is 10cm, tread with human body, putting into a layer thickness again is the straw of the limy water of 10cm; Tread again; Repetitive operation uses plastic sheeting 9 with fermentation vat 10 top seals till filling then, inserts thermometer 8 thermometrics; At fermentation temperature is 20～25 ℃ condition bottom fermentation 90 days, obtains the straw feed of saccharification.
Set control group, control group is same batch the rice straw without fermentation process.
Use method fermentation straw of the present invention after 45 days, calcium content is multiplied, and other compositions do not have significant change, and treatment effect begins to occur when surpassing fermentation in 90 days; Ferment 60 days the time, its pH value begins the acidity after alkalescence when handling changes fermentation into, and tangible sour fragrance is arranged, and the digestibility of dry is 20.31%, improves 11.07% than control group; Ferment 90 days the time, the digestibility of crude protein is 90.73%, improves 30.54% than control group.The most heavy coarse-fibred digestibility is 18.63%, improves 16.75% than control group.
Embodiment 2
A, dry rice straw is crushed to 1-2cm is placed on the platform 1 of mixer 4;
B, with the shower nozzle of platform 1 top above-mentioned 1% limewash is evenly sprayed on the dry rice straw of pulverizing, wherein, the gross weight of limewash is 1.5 times of dry rice straw gross weight; Spray is back and forth walked mixer 4 after finishing, and stirs after 10 minutes shelving 2.5 hours, lets straw fully absorb limewash;
C, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration once more, wherein, the gross weight of limewash is 0.8 times of dry rice straw gross weight; Spray back and forth walk mixer 4 after finishing, and stirs after 5 minutes shelving 1.5 hours, the straw of acquisition limy water;
D, in advance with fermentation vat 10 sterilization, thimerosal is that mass percent concentration is 2% edible buck, the straw of above-mentioned limy water is put into the fermentation vat 10 of sterilizing; When the straw of limy water is put into thickness and is 10cm, tread with human body, putting into a layer thickness again is the straw of the limy water of 10cm; Tread again; Repetitive operation uses plastic sheeting 9 with fermentation vat 10 top seals till filling then, inserts thermometer 8 thermometrics; At fermentation temperature is 20～25 ℃ condition bottom fermentation 95 days, obtains the straw feed of saccharification.
Set control group, control group is same batch the rice straw without fermentation process.
Use method fermentation of the present invention in the time of 60 days, the digestibility of dry is 18.72%, improves 9.45% than control group; Ferment 95 days the time, the digestibility of crude protein is 85.41%, improves 21.89% than control group.The most heavy coarse-fibred digestibility is 12.65%, improves 11.25% than control group.
A, dry rice straw is crushed to 1-2cm is placed on the platform 1 of mixer 4;
B, with the shower nozzle of platform 1 top above-mentioned 1% limewash is evenly sprayed on the dry rice straw of pulverizing, wherein, the gross weight of limewash is 3 times of dry rice straw gross weight; Spray is back and forth walked mixer 4 after finishing, and stirs after 20 minutes shelving 1.5 hours, lets straw fully absorb limewash;
C, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration once more, wherein, the gross weight of limewash is 1.2 times of dry rice straw gross weight; Spray back and forth walk mixer 4 after finishing, and stirs after 15 minutes shelving 0.5 hour, the straw of acquisition limy water;
D, in advance with fermentation vat 10 sterilization, thimerosal is that mass percent concentration is 2% edible buck, the straw of above-mentioned limy water is put into the fermentation vat 10 of sterilizing; When the straw of limy water is put into thickness and is 10cm, tread with human body, putting into a layer thickness again is the straw of the limy water of 10cm; Tread again; Repetitive operation uses plastic sheeting 9 with fermentation vat 10 top seals till filling then, inserts thermometer 8 thermometrics; At fermentation temperature is 25～30 ℃ condition bottom fermentation 100 days, obtains the straw feed of saccharification.
Set control group, control group is same batch the rice straw without fermentation process.
Use method fermentation of the present invention in the time of 60 days, the alkalescence when its pH value begins by processing changes the acidity after the fermentation into, and tangible sour fragrance is arranged, and the digestibility of dry is 22.23%, improves 14.15% than control group; Ferment 100 days the time, the digestibility of crude protein is 89.53%, improves 26.02% than control group.The most heavy coarse-fibred digestibility is 17.52%, improves 13.89% than control group.
Claims (7)
1. a method of utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed is characterized in that, carries out according to following operating procedure:
A, dry rice straw is crushed to 1-2cm is placed on the platform (1) of mixer;
B, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration, wherein, the gross weight of limewash be the dry rice straw gross weight 1.5-3 doubly; Spray is back and forth walked mixer after finishing, and stirs after 10-20 minute shelving 1.5-2.5 hour;
C, be that 1% limewash evenly sprays on the dry rice straw of pulverizing with mass percent concentration once more, wherein, the gross weight of limewash be the dry rice straw gross weight 0.8-1.2 doubly; Spray is back and forth walked mixer after finishing, and stirs after 5-15 minute the straw of acquisition limy water shelving 0.5-1.5 hour;
D, the straw of above-mentioned limy water is put in advance the fermentation vat (10) of sterilization, the back sealing is filled in compacting, and keeping fermentation temperature is 20～30 ℃, the straw feed of the acquisition saccharification in 85-100 days of ferment.
2. the method for utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fermentation vat (10) is brick fermentation vat, and wall and bottom are the cement face.
3. the method for utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the sterilization employing mass percent concentration of said fermentation vat (10) is 2% edible buck.
4. the method for utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concrete grammar of compacting described in the step D is treaded once during for the straw of the limy water of whenever putting into 10cm thickness, till filling.
5. the method for utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concrete grammar that seals described in the step D is with fermentation vat (10) top seal with plastic sheeting (9).
6. the method for utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the monitor mode of fermentation temperature described in the step D is to go up at plastic sheeting (9) to insert thermometer (8) thermometric.
7. the method for utilizing fermenting lime water to produce straw feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that said mixer comprises stirring vane (3), stirring wheel (4), wheel shaft (5), road wheel (13); The circumferential surface of stirring wheel (4) is welded with equally distributed stirring vane (3), and stirring wheel (4) is fixed on the frame (14) through wheel shaft (5), following (4) the individual road wheel (13) of installing of frame (14).
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| CN 200910242581 CN101756020B (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | Method for producing straw feed by using fermenting lime water |
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| CN 200910242581 CN101756020B (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | Method for producing straw feed by using fermenting lime water |
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| CN101756020A CN101756020A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| CN101756020B true CN101756020B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN106836846A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-13 | 广州智弘建筑物检测与鉴定技术有限公司 | The semicircular tile roofing construction technique that a kind of use grass roots ash is renovated |
| CN108770634A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-09 | 肖丽波 | A kind of production technology of pine shell orchid soil |
| CN109170981A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-11 | 耒阳市金鑫农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of camellia oleifera fruit is with being stained with apparatus for ash |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 彭志.《介绍几种粗饲料的加工方法》.《中国奶牛》.1983,(第3期),73. * |
| 王宝理.《石灰水浸泡和厌氧发酵对稻草营养价值影响的研究》.《黄牛杂志》.2001,第27卷(第3期),15-18. * |
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Granted publication date: 20120704 Termination date: 20131218 |