CN101755712A - Conserving overwintering breeds technology of agasicles hygrophila - Google Patents
Conserving overwintering breeds technology of agasicles hygrophila Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a conserving overwintering breeds technology of agasicles hygrophila, which adopts the following steps to conserve breeds of the agasicles hygrophila: building an environment for alligator weed growing in a greenhouse, planting the alligator weed, releasing the agasicles hygrophila into the greenhouse and maintaining the environment temperature in the greenhouse at 10DEG C-30DEG C. The method can ensure the agasicles hygrophila safely overwinter, produce an insect source per square meter of 1100 head/m2-1300 head/m2, solving the insect source lack problem in next spring and achieving perennial control for alligator weed; and the method avoids the problems of high cost and mass death during the transferring caused by importing the agasicles hygrophila from south subtropical areas in the next spring. The method has simple operation, convenient material availability and low cost, and is applicable for large area applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of over wintering raising technology of water peanut natural enemy insect, the over wintering raising technology that especially a kind of water peanut is chrysomelid.
Background technology
Biology invades another new environment by former existence ground warp approach nature or artificial, bio-diversity, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery production and the human health of invading ground caused economic loss or ecocatastrophe, and (all places is great, Guo Jianying, Wang Dehui. the harm of Chinese exotic invasive biology and management game [J]. bio-diversity, 2002,10 (1): 119-125.), be biotic intrusion.At occurring in nature, biotic intrusion is a kind of ubiquitous phenomenon, and the kind of biotic intrusion has also comprised nearly all biological group, and along with global economic integration, international, domestic trade is come and gone more and more frequent, and the probability that biological success is invaded also increases greatly.The adventive invasion can produce serious disturbance and harm to structure, function and the ecotope of the specific ecosystem; Adventive invasion changes food chain by compacting or the mode of squeezing local species or the food network is formed and structure, particularly Alien Weeds, is often causing the diversity of flora to become very single on invasion ground, and is destroying the arable land; The adventive invasion has influence on each ecosystem and biota, makes hundreds of local species be absorbed in the extinction condition, has quickened the forfeiture of bio-diversity and the extinction of species; Adventive is invaded the bio-safety that can threaten a country, jeopardizes the ecological safety of a country, the economic security of a country of harm, and the people's interests of a country of infringement, even shake the stable foundation of a society.
China is that a real estate is abundant, the various large agricultural country of species, and biotic intrusion is particularly serious to the influence of China.Biological and the local species competition of exotic invasive living space, nutrient jeopardize the particularly existence of rare and endangered species of local species, cause the forfeiture of bio-diversity, to the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function generation harmful effect of China's ecosystem; The adventive invasion can bring direct economy harm to farmland gardening, lawn, forest, herding, aquatic products etc.; Thereby adventive is invaded by the natural ecosystems that change invasion ground, reduction species diversity local society, culture even health of people is produced serious harm.Biotic intrusion is just becoming one of key factor that threatens China's agriculture and forestry production, bio-diversity and ecotope.
At present, the identified exotic invasive biology of placing on record of China has 427 kinds, wherein: 55 kinds of plant pathogenic microorganismss (wherein fungi is 30 kinds, 6 kinds on bacterium, 10 kinds in virus, 9 kinds of nematodes); 244 kinds of plants (wherein water plants is 18 kinds, 226 kinds of Lu Sheng); 128 kinds of animals (comprising invertebrate, amphibious reptiles, fish and mammality etc.).Water peanut (Alternantheraphiloxeroides Griseb) is the bigger Alien Weeds of a kind of harm, has been put into the first batch of exotic invasive plant of China at present.
Water peanut is that Amaranthaceae (Amaranthaceae) alternanthera belongs to (Alternanthera) perennial perennial root herbaceous plant.Water peanut vitality is strong, and environmental suitability is strong, and growth and breeding is rapid, well developed root system, and the speed that spreads is fast, mainly growth harm in environment such as farmland, vacant lot, fish pond, irrigation canals and ditches, river course.Water peanut is grown in the farmland, wins honour for crops, water, fertilizer and space, causes crop failure and quality to descend; Also can influence farmland discharging-irrigating at ridge and the growth in blocks of field water peanut, influence the farming operation; Water peanut growth and breeding in aquatic environments such as fish pond can influence the photosynthesis of submerged plant, causes oxygen in water content to reduce; The water peanut after stain water quality of in water, rotting, BOD raises in the water body, and aquatic biological such as fishes and shrimps is suffocated, and the content of organic matter increases in the water body, can impel mosquitos and flies and microbial growth, poisons aquatic biological and harm humans health; Water peanut lamination in the fish pond also can influence fish growth and aquatic product fishery; Water peanut is grown in river course and irrigation canals and ditches and is understood plug channel, restriction current, increase deposition, and water transportation and field irrigation are caused totally unfavorable influence; Water peanut in the roadside, ground growths such as wetland, public greenery patches, residential block spread, and destroy view, have a strong impact on assanation; The growth of water peanut spreads squeezes the other plant growth, makes group's species unification.Water peanut is widely distributed, and harm is serious, is world's malignant weed of generally acknowledging.
Last century the '30s, water peanut is introduced Shanghai as the horse feed in a large number from Japan, at present widely distributed based on the wide geographic area of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River in China, probably just there are up to ten thousand mu of waters to be covered in Honghu, Hubei by it, having a strong impact on water quality and this town plant growing, is external dangerous biological important representative biology to China's invasion.
Water peanut harm greatly but be difficult for preventing and kill off, its root system belongs to indefinite root system, can further grow is meat storage property root, i.e. perennial root, it is crisscross that cane is arachnoid, tight knot on the stem, energy-conservation taking root.Water peanut is generally shaky, but carries out vegetative propagation by nutrition organs, and reproduction speed is fast, immerse the cane that 1～2 joint unrooted does not have leaf in the water summer, can produce side shoot after 3～4 days, when spring, temperature was suitable, the indefinite bud surplus in the of 10 of can growing in the meat tuber root of nonirrigated farmland.The water peanut adaptive capacity to environment is strong, all can grow in the environment of aquatic and Lu Sheng.The water peanut strong stress resistance, when winter temperature was reduced to 0 ℃, its water surface or acrial part were freezed to death, but in the water and underground rhizome still maintain vigour, spring is during temperature recovery to 10 ℃, survive the winter under water or underground rhizome can sprout; Can grow as usual through 30 days high temperature and dry seasons more than 35 ℃ in poor soil; Segment energy continued growth breeding in soil that machinery is turned over the back stem; The stem section is exposed to the sun and still can be survived in 1-2 days; Enter to cause once more behind the farmland without the stem section of becoming thoroughly decomposed or do not digested and infect by domestic animal.
At present, the method for control of water peanut mainly can be divided into physics, chemistry and three kinds of methods of biological control.Physical control is meant in conjunction with farming operation weeding, excavates the rhizome of water peanut in soil, concentrates then to dry and burn, and physical method is wasted time and energy, the cost height, and effect is undesirable; Chemical control is meant adopts some chemical herbicides that water peanut is sprayed control, after the sixties, the chemical control method of water peanut is being explored always by many countries such as the U.S., Australia, filter out be suitable for varying environment, effective, to the weed killer herbicide of target crop safety,, metsulfuron-methyl logical and execute that it is grand etc. as glyphosate, dichlobenil, hundred ridges, but present chemical agent is only effective to acrial part at short notice, can't dig up the roots, and the use environmental pollution of a large amount of weed killer herbicides is very serious; Biological control is meant that utilizing natural enemy animal or pathogenic microorganisms to wait prevents and treats, and present biological control comprises that the natural enemy insect and the pathogen of adopting water peanut prevent and kill off, and up to now, being mainly used in the natural enemy insect that water peanut prevents and kill off is that water peanut is chrysomelid.
Water peanut chrysomelid (Agasicles hygrophila) belongs to coleoptera (Coleoptera) Chrysomelidae (Chrysomelidae) flea beetle subfamily (Halticinae).Originate from South America, be the special feeding habits natural enemy insect of water peanut, introduced the harm that is used to control water peanut, introduce from Fla. in 1987 by biological control research institute in China by a plurality of countries such as the U.S., Australia and New Zealand.
Water peanut is chrysomelid can not survive the winter naturally in major part area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River; winter low temperature is to cause this worm not high main cause of population quantity in spring in area, China middle and lower reach of Yangtze River; reach good control effect; need introduce a fine variety or protect on the spot and survive the winter from south subtropics in 4～May; and it is higher to introduce a fine variety cost from south subtropics; and in transportation, can cause the chrysomelid mortality of water peanut; therefore preferably protect on the spot and survive the winter; the chrysomelid feeding habits of water peanut are more single-minded; do not get his plant of Shiqi under the natural conditions; also can't finish the history of life when slightly getting food; winter, the foodstuff source was few; and this worm is no diapause phenomenon in the history of life, and therefore exploring a kind of effective conserving overwintering breeds technology of agasicles hygrophila just seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of conserving overwintering breeds technology of agasicles hygrophila, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
1, a kind ofly is used for the method that the chrysomelid over wintering of water peanut is bred, it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) in booth, sets up the environment that is used for the water peanut growth;
(2) water peanut of planting; With
(3) when day, minimum temperature was 0 ℃～10 ℃, be discharged in the described booth water peanut is chrysomelid, and to keep the environmental temperature in the described booth be 10 ℃～30 ℃ that preferred humidity is 50%～90%.
2, as technical scheme 1 described method, wherein, the environment of described water peanut growth adopts following method to provide: ditching groove in described booth, lay plastic foil in the bottom and the both sides of described groove, on the plastic foil of described bottom, spread soil layer again, in described groove, pour water then.
3, as technical scheme 2 described methods, wherein, the degree of depth of described groove is 0.4m～0.75m.
4, as technical scheme 2 or 3 described methods, wherein, described the thickness of the layer is 15cm～20cm.
5, as each described method in the technical scheme 2～4, wherein, the degree of depth of the water in the described groove is 15cm～20cm.
6,, wherein, when discharging the chrysomelid back of water peanut and day, a minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, on described groove, lay small arched shed as each described method in the technical scheme 2～5.
7, as technical scheme 6 described methods, wherein, laying depth is 4 a two layers of plastic film on described small arched shed.
8,, wherein, when day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on described small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat as technical scheme 6 or 7 described methods.
9, as each described method in the technical scheme 1～8, wherein, the coverage rate of planting of described water peanut is 40%～70%.
10, as each described method in the technical scheme 1～9, wherein, the chrysomelid release density of described water peanut is that every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 40～70 the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
Conserving overwintering breeds technology of agasicles hygrophila provided by the invention has the following advantages: this method can make the chrysomelid safe overwintering of water peanut, normally gets food, mating and lays eggs, and every square metre can produce the about 1100/m in worm source after the winter
2～1300/m
2, for adopting the chrysomelid control water peanut of water peanut but the chrysomelid area that can not survive the winter naturally of water peanut uses this method can solve the problem of worm source deficiency in spring in the coming year, can realize long-term prevention and control to water peanut, guaranteed the sustainability of biological control; This method has been exempted 1 year spring and has been introduced a fine variety the cost height from south subtropics, and the problem of the chrysomelid mortality of water peanut in transportation; This method is simple to operate, draws materials conveniently, and with low cost, application suits large area to popularize.
Embodiment
As mentioned before, the invention provides the chrysomelid over wintering mating system of a kind of water peanut.
The inventive method is applicable to and adopts the chrysomelid control water peanut of water peanut, but the chrysomelid area that can not survive the winter naturally of water peanut.
The inventive method comprises the steps:
(1) in booth, sets up the environment that is used for the water peanut growth.
For the selection of canopy location, the present invention has no particular limits, but considers from the angle of handled easily, and preferably convenient in irrigation and drainage, the nearer place of dried up peanut growth position is set up booth or rented existing booth; For the length and the span of booth, the present invention has no particular limits, as long as be fit to the water peanut of planting, and the chrysomelid survival and reproduction of suitable water peanut gets final product; For the material of frame, the present invention also has no particular limits, as long as sturdy and durable; Be not particularly limited for the canopy film of booth and the material and the thickness of skirt film, as long as can withstand wind and snow in winter.Those of ordinary skill in the art can select material, canopy film and the skirt film of the length of suitable canopy location, booth and span, frame as required.But preferably, canopy film of the present invention and skirt film are 7 plastic foil.
The environment of water peanut growth adopts following method to provide: ditching groove in described booth, and the irrigation and drainage system that is communicated with described groove of foundation, plastic foil is laid in bottom and both sides at described groove, spreads soil layer again on the plastic foil of described bottom, pours water in described groove then.The present invention is not particularly limited irrigation method, as pouring water in the following way: set up with as described in the turnover ditch that is connected of groove with as described in the canopy that links to each other of turnover ditch water source canal outward, by described turnover ditch and described canopy outward the water source canal pour water.
The present invention has no particular limits the length and the width of groove, can be in conjunction with the length of booth and the quantity decision of span and groove, as long as be fit to the water peanut of planting.The degree of depth for groove, the present invention is preferably 0.4m～0.75m, as being 0.4m, 0.45m, 0.5m, 0.55m, 0.6m, 0.65m, 0.7m, 0.75m, if the degree of depth is less than 0.4m, be unfavorable for the water peanut growth, if the degree of depth is greater than 0.75m, the growth of water peanut is not brought extra benefit and lost labor.
The present invention is not particularly limited the thickness of the plastic foil laid in the bottom of described groove and both sides, as long as can sustain soil layer and water layer.But in the present invention, the described plastic foil plastic foil of 4 of one decks preferably.
The present invention is preferably 15cm～20cm to the thickness of the layer on the plastic foil upper berth of bottom land, as being 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20cm.If soil thickness, then is unfavorable for the fixing of water peanut plant less than 15cm, if soil thickness greater than 20cm, then the growth to water peanut does not have extra facilitation.
The present invention is to the degree of depth of pouring water 15cm～20cm preferably, as being 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20cm.If water depth, does not then satisfy the demand of water peanut to aquatic environment less than 15cm, unfavorable its growth; If water depth is greater than 20cm, then the growth to water peanut does not have extra facilitation, and can make soil layer lax, is unfavorable for the fixing of water peanut plant.The degree of depth that the present invention pours water is meant from trench bottom to be counted.
Between groove, reach the operation road that the booth interior side is all reserved certain width, be convenient to the farming operation, have no particular limits for the width of operating the road, can be in conjunction with the span of booth and the width decision of groove, as long as suit the farming operation.Excavate the surplus soil that groove produces, transport outside the canopy as far as possible, be deposited in the soil on the operation road, should be smooth good, farming is operating as suitable in the canopy not influence.
(2) water peanut of planting.After the booth internal channel is carried out, can select in pool all around, to fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, make every effort to accomplish uniformity.
For the planting density of water peanut, the preferred water peanut of the present invention coverage rate of planting is 40%～70%.Coverage rate is lower than 40% if plant, and enough food sources are arranged in the time of can not guaranteeing then that water peanut is chrysomelid and survive the winter; Coverage rate is higher than 70% if plant, and then water peanut is planted overstockedly, is unfavorable for its growth, thereby influence when water peanut is chrysomelid survives the winter the supply in the source of food.
For planting the time of water peanut, the present invention has no particular limits, but should build canopy and allow stubble sooner or later according to booth, plants as early as possible, to make full use of before the winter effectively illumination resource, promotes the spray growth, and guaranteeing that water peanut is chrysomelid has enough food sources at overwintering period.
(3) when day, minimum temperature was 0 ℃～10 ℃, be discharged in the described booth water peanut is chrysomelid, and to keep the environmental temperature in the described booth be 10 ℃～30 ℃ that humidity is 50%～90%.
Water peanut is chrysomelid normal 10 ℃～15 ℃ lives, can get food, mating and lay eggs, below 6 ℃, most adult mobility deficiencies, in the time of 3 ℃～4 ℃ only the part adult can get food, mating, as temperature LT under 0 ℃ of cryogenic conditions
50Less than 2 days, so when day, minimum temperature was 0 ℃～10 ℃, when minimum temperature is 0 ℃, 1 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, 4 ℃, 5 ℃, 6 ℃, 7 ℃, 8 ℃, 9 ℃ or 10 ℃ in day, preferably in the time of 3 ℃～10 ℃, more preferably in the time of 6 ℃～10 ℃, be discharged in the described booth water peanut is chrysomelid.If a day minimum temperature is more than 10 ℃, then the chrysomelid life of water peanut is normal, need not be discharged in the booth; If a day minimum temperature is below 0 ℃, then the water peanut major part is dead, and discharge this moment day after the fair.
Have no particular limits for the chrysomelid worm source of water peanut that discharges, but the present invention preferably gathers materials on the spot near the pool of the water peanut growth booth, extracts the water peanut that contains adult, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, is taped against in the canopy groove.
Have no particular limits for discharging the chrysomelid density of water peanut, collateral security food of the present invention source abundance can be bred the chrysomelid angle of water peanut again to greatest extent and be considered, be preferably every square metre of water peanut growth area and discharge 40～70 the chrysomelid adults of water peanut, as being 40,50,60 or 70.If every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges the chrysomelid quantity of water peanut and is lower than 40, it is chrysomelid then can not to breed water peanut to greatest extent; If every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges the chrysomelid quantity of water peanut and is higher than 70, then can not guarantee sufficient food source.Described herein is not that finger only discharges the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, but the worm attitude that discharges can comprise various worm attitudes, and only other worm attitudes are not done quantity statistics, as long as guarantee to discharge 40～70 adults is arranged.
Control for the environmental condition in the booth, temperature is 10 ℃～30 ℃, as being 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ or 30 ℃, humidity is 50%～90%, as being 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, if temperature is lower than 10 ℃ or be higher than 30 ℃ and/or humidity less than 50% or greater than 90%, all can not guarantee the chrysomelid normal life of water peanut.
In addition, when day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, lay small arched shed on described groove, laying depth is 4 a two layers of plastic film on the small arched shed.For length, the span of small arched shed, highly all have no particular limits, do not hinder the water peanut growth as long as can cooperate with described groove, do not hinder the chrysomelid existence of water peanut to get final product.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on described small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The inventor in 2005 in Chaohu, Anhui Province and water peanut spot, county, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.4m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 15cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 10 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 15cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 40%.
On November 15th, 2005, when the same day, minimum temperature was 4 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 40 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1100/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2006
2
Embodiment 2
The inventor in 2005 in water peanut spot, Hanshan County, Chaohu, Anhui Province, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.45m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 16cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 10 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 16cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 50%.
On November 15th, 2005, when the same day, minimum temperature was 3 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 50 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1150/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2006
2
Embodiment 3
The inventor in 2006 in Chaohu, Anhui Province and water peanut spot, county, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.5m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 17cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 1 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 17cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 60%.
On October 20th, 2006, when the same day, minimum temperature was 6 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 60 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1200/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2007
2
Embodiment 4
The inventor in 2006 in water peanut spot, Tongcheng City, Anhui Province, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.55m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 18cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 1 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 18cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 70%.
On October 20th, 2006, when the same day, minimum temperature was 7 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 70 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1200/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2007
2
Embodiment 5
The inventor in 2007 in Baohe District water peanut spot, Hefei City, Anhui Province, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.6m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 19cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, in then October 1, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 19cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 40%.
On October 20th, 2007, when the same day, minimum temperature was 5 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 40 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1150/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2008
2
Embodiment 6
The inventor in 2007 in water peanut spot, Wangjiang County, Anqing, Anhui Province, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.65m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 20cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 1 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 20cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 50%.
On October 20th, 2007, when the same day, minimum temperature was 2 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 50 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1200/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2008
2
Embodiment 7
The inventor in 2007 in water peanut spot, Shexian County, Huangshan, Anhui Province, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.7m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 15cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 1 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 15cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 60%.
On October 20th, 2007, when the same day, minimum temperature was 8 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 60 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1250/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2008
2
Embodiment 8
The inventor in 2007 in water peanut spot, Xiusong County, Anqing, Anhui Province, it is convenient to be chosen in irrigation and drainage, the magnesite greenhouse of span 6m, long 60m is built in the nearer place of dried up peanut, after canopy was built up, the used width in the canopy was 5.5m, presses the width of 1.5m, dig two dark 0.75m at booth the right and left, be about the groove of 58m, staying the main operation road in the canopy is 1m, and it is 0.75m that secondary operation road is stayed on the canopy limit.The soil of excavation groove transports outside the canopy, and the soil that is deposited on the operation road is smooth with it, after groove digs, lays 4 thick plastic foils of one deck at bottom land and groove both sides, at the thick soil layer of plastic foil upper berth 16cm, then groove is passed in and out the outer water source of ditch and canopy canal and joins.
After the booth internal channel is carried out, October 1 then, water filling in the groove, the depth of water is 16cm, from around the pool in fish for fresh and alive water peanut plant, be tiled in equably on the mud layer of groove, the coverage rate of planting is 70%.
On October 20th, 2007, when the same day, minimum temperature was 6 ℃, begin after canopy is completed the wide skirt film of 50cm all around, to re-lay the canopy film to booth shop film, skirt film and canopy film are 7 plastic foil, fix with film pressing rope, and carry out the canopy door.After the canopy film is completed, extract the water peanut that contains the chrysomelid adult of water peanut, pupa, larva and pieces of an egg, be taped against in the canopy groove, every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 70 of the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
When day, minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, begin to lay small arched shed, select the bamboo bow of long 1.5m, 0.5m is inserted on the groove equably by the bamboo interarch distance, accomplishes that height is consistent, and laying depth is 4 a plastic foil then, carries out two films and covers.When day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, on small arched shed, add a cover straw screen or mat.Remain the chrysomelid guarantor of water peanut and plant the temperature of breeding environment and be not less than 10 ℃, be not higher than 30 ℃; Humidity is not less than 50%, is not higher than 90%.
The quantity of the chrysomelid adult of statistics water peanut is 1300/m before will protecting that the water peanut of kind breeding is chrysomelid to be discharged into the field on April 5th, 2008
2
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for the method that the chrysomelid over wintering of water peanut is bred, and it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) in booth, sets up the environment that is used for the water peanut growth;
(2) water peanut of planting; With
(3) when day, minimum temperature was 0 ℃～10 ℃, be discharged in the described booth water peanut is chrysomelid, and to keep the environmental temperature in the described booth be 10 ℃～30 ℃ that preferred humidity is 50%～90%.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein, the environment of described water peanut growth adopts following method to provide: ditching groove in described booth, lay plastic foil in the bottom and the both sides of described groove, on the plastic foil of described bottom, spread soil layer again, in described groove, pour water then.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the degree of depth of described groove is 0.4m～0.75m.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described the thickness of the layer is 15cm～20cm.
5. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the degree of depth of the water in the described groove is 15cm～20cm.
6. as each described method in the claim 2～5, wherein, when discharging the chrysomelid back of water peanut and day, a minimum temperature was lower than 0 ℃, on described groove, lay small arched shed.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, laying depth is 4 a two layers of plastic film on described small arched shed.
8. method as claimed in claim 6 wherein, when day, minimum temperature was lower than-8 ℃, is added a cover straw screen or mat on described small arched shed.
9. as each described method in the claim 1～5, wherein, the coverage rate of planting of described water peanut is 40%～70%.
10. as each described method in the claim 1～5, wherein, the chrysomelid release density of described water peanut is that every square metre of water peanut growth area discharges 40～70 the chrysomelid adults of water peanut.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499188A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-20 | 山西农业大学 | Agasicles hygrophila experimental population raising method |
| CN104756956A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-08 | 宜昌市农业生态与资源保护站 | Factory breeding lotus grass jump straight chest flea beetle facilities construction |
| CN105941318A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-21 | 高启忠 | A low cost raising method for flavor meat pigs |
| CN106689068A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-24 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for conserving breeds of Aphidius gifuensis in winter |
| CN110679404A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-14 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling terrestrial water peanuts by plant substitution control and natural enemy synergy |
-
2010
- 2010-01-12 CN CN 201010001110 patent/CN101755712B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499188A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-20 | 山西农业大学 | Agasicles hygrophila experimental population raising method |
| CN104756956A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-08 | 宜昌市农业生态与资源保护站 | Factory breeding lotus grass jump straight chest flea beetle facilities construction |
| CN105941318A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-21 | 高启忠 | A low cost raising method for flavor meat pigs |
| CN106689068A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-24 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for conserving breeds of Aphidius gifuensis in winter |
| CN110679404A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-14 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling terrestrial water peanuts by plant substitution control and natural enemy synergy |
| CN110679404B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling terrestrial water peanuts by plant substitution control and natural enemy synergy |
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| CN101755712B (en) | 2011-08-10 |
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