CN1017535B - 空间框架 - Google Patents

空间框架

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Publication number
CN1017535B
CN1017535B CN89106225A CN89106225A CN1017535B CN 1017535 B CN1017535 B CN 1017535B CN 89106225 A CN89106225 A CN 89106225A CN 89106225 A CN89106225 A CN 89106225A CN 1017535 B CN1017535 B CN 1017535B
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chord member
grid
chord
pole
node
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CN1040841A (zh
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埃德温·托马斯·科德
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Harley Systems Pty Ltd
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Harley Systems Pty Ltd
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Publication of CN1040841A publication Critical patent/CN1040841A/zh
Publication of CN1017535B publication Critical patent/CN1017535B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E04B2001/193—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section with flattened connecting parts, e.g. ends
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1936—Winged profiles, e.g. with a L-, T-, U- or X-shaped cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1954—Struts specially adapted therefor uninterrupted struts connecting alternately with the outer planes of the framework, e.g. zig-zagging struts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E04B2001/1963—Screw connections with axis at an angle, e.g. perpendicular, to the main axis of the strut
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1975—Frameworks where the struts are directly connected to each other, i.e. without interposed connecting nodes or plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/34—Branched
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/34—Branched
    • Y10T403/341—Three or more radiating members
    • Y10T403/342—Polyhedral
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/34—Branched
    • Y10T403/341—Three or more radiating members
    • Y10T403/342—Polyhedral
    • Y10T403/343—Unilateral of plane

Abstract

一种双层扁平格栅式空间框架。其中上格栅相对下格栅倾斜45℃。具有成对的将下格栅结点(14)连到上格栅结点(15)的斜支杆(14)。在下格栅结点(14)上。两弦杆(10。11))互相重叠。在穿过一弦杆(11)的垂直平面内有一对斜支杆(14)具有位于两弦杆(10，11)之间的共同端部(12)。螺钉(22)穿过端部(12)和弦杆(10，11)将它们固定在一起。在上格栅的结点(15)，支杆(16)的端部(15)插在重叠的上格栅弦杆(12，13)之间，并用螺钉(21)固定。

Description

本发明关于空间框架。
在澳大利亚专利No.538693号的说明书中描述的一种空间框架是一种双层扁平格栅型框架，其中上、下格栅内同样尺寸的同样指向的正方形组成，它们相对移位，使上格的结点处于下格正方形中心的上方，两个格栅的结点由斜腹板构件或支杆互相连接。
虽然这样外形的框架应用广泛，但在某些应用中，双层扁平格栅型空间框架最好是一个格栅与另一个格栅倾斜45°或角度变位45°。
本发明的目的是提供一种这类用途广泛的空间框架，它的制造和组装都特别简单。
鉴于上述及其它目的，本发明广义上归属于双层扁平格栅型空间框架，其中在一个结点上：
两根弦杆互相重叠;
在穿过一根弦杆的垂直平面内，一对相对的斜支杆具有置于那根弦杆上的端部;
处于通过另一根弦杆的垂直平面内第二对相对的斜支杆具有插入两根弦杆之间的端部;
在结点上弦杆和支杆的端部由穿过弦杆和支杆端部的连接构件互相连接。
从下面的描述中可以清楚地看出本发明的另一些特征。
为了更易理解并实施本发明的优选实施例，现参照附图，其中：
图1为这类空间框架的部分的平面示意图，其中一个格栅相对于另 一个格栅是倾斜的。
图2为构成本空间框架一对斜支杆的部分断开的透视图。
图3是图1所示空间框架上下格栅互连结点的部分断开的透视图。
图4是按照本发明的空间框架改型支杆的部分断开的透视图。
图5是改型空间框架下格栅结点的平面视图。
图6是按照本发明的另一实施例的空间框架结点的平面视图。
在图1的空间框架的示意图中，下格栅由构成正方形的纵向弦杆10和横向弦杆11组成，上格栅由若干弦杆12和与之垂直并组成正方形的弦杆13组成。上格栅组成的正方形比下格栅的要小，在平面视图中，与下格栅的弦杆呈45度，每个下格栅的结点14（空间框架的边或角处除外）正好处于上格栅正方形的中心的下方，因而与上格栅的四个结点15是等距离的。连接上、下格栅结点的斜支杆16的位置在图1中以虚线表示，这些支杆处于穿过下格栅弦杆10和11的各垂直平面内。
下格栅的弦杆10和11以及上格栅的弦杆12和13全采用轧制成带唇边的槽形的薄钢板制成。在上、下格栅的每一个结点上，一根弦杆构件位于另一根的上方，上面的槽的开口向上，下面的则相反。
在图2和3所示的本发明的实施例中，支杆或连接板构件16做成单对形式，每根都由一根单一长度的金属管制成，在其中部具有一压平部分用作中端平板17，一螺钉孔18穿过平板17。两根管状部分或支杆16从中端平板分开，在每根的未端都压平以形成外端平板19，这些平板基本与中端板面平行，其未端斜接，每端都开有一单螺钉孔20。
在每个上格栅结点15上，成对支杆构件的两个外端平板19插在叠合的上弦杆12和下弦杆13之间，由螺钉21穿过弦杆和插入的支杆端平板来固定，最好，如图所示，在该结点上用4个螺钉21，两个以对角线相对的螺钉固定如上所述的支杆端平板19，另两个配以与支杆端平板等厚的垫圈（图中未示）插在两根弦杆之间来固定。
在每个下格栅结点14上，连接一对相对支杆16的中端平板17插在下弦杆或倒槽杆11和上弦杆10之间，连接另两根相对支杆16的中端平板位于上弦杆槽内，在它的腹板上齐平。一根单螺钉22穿过两对支杆16两个中端平板17上打好的孔18，并穿过上弦杆10和下弦杆11腹板上的对准的螺钉孔。
在图4和5所示的本发明的实施例中，斜支杆23做成单根的而不是成双的，每根由金属管制成。它的端部压平，形成端部平板24和25，并弯成使它们的平面平行并与支杆未压平部分的主管的轴成一角度。
在下格栅的每个结点14上，支杆端平面25在其端部切成方形，每个上面都有螺钉孔26。在上格栅的每个结点上，两个端板24，正如参见图3描述的那样，插在重迭的上弦杆12和下弦杆13之间，并由螺钉穿过弦杆及已插入支杆端平面24上的螺钉孔27来固定。
在每个下格栅结点14上，一对相对支杆23的端平板25插在下弦杆或倒槽杆11和上弦杆10之间，而另一对相对的支杆23的端平板25位于上弦杆槽10内，在其腹板上齐平。在每对相对的支杆23中，端平板25的方形切端对接在一起。四个螺钉28穿过两对支杆端平板25上对齐的螺钉孔26，并穿过上弦杆10和下弦杆11的腹板内对齐的螺钉孔。在本发明的这个实施例中，虽然要求采用4个螺钉来连接每个下结点上的零件，但有其优点，即在必要或需要一根弦杆做成有两个对准部分时，零件的布局允许任何一根或两根弦杆部分的连接位于该结点上。在上弦杆10内这种连接如图5中29所示，由此可以看出，弦杆10的部分牢固地连接在一起，并由4个螺钉28来使之成一直线。
在图6所示的实施例中，每根支杆30都有一压平的和成一角度的端部平板31，在其端部切成方形，并开一个单螺钉孔。正如前面所述，一对相对的支杆30的端平板31插在上、下弦杆10和11之间，另一对相对的支杆的端平板处于上弦杆10的槽内。四个螺钉把它们组装在一起，然而 在这个例子中，它们分布在正方形的角上，该正方形的侧边与弦杆成45°角，因此每对支杆的端平板31在它们的端部都有切角，图中由33所示，从而与穿过另一对支杆端平板的螺钉32分开。
在这个实施例中，任何一根弦杆都可以互连到一个结点上，它们的连接如33所示。

Claims (5)

1、一种双层扁平格栅式空间框架，其上、下个格栅由斜支杆互连，在该空间框架中，在该结点上；
两根弦杆位于一格栅层内，两对相对的斜支杆互相重叠；
在此结点上弦杆和支杆的端部由穿过弦杆和支杆端部的连接构件互相连接；
每对相对的斜支杆都是由一共同的端部伸开的方式互连的一对支杆构成的单一构件；
其特征在于：
在通过一根弦杆的垂直平面内有一对相对的斜支杆，该对斜支杆具有置于那根弦杆上的端部。
在通过另一根弦杆的垂直平面内有第二对相对的斜支杆，该对斜支杆具有插入两弦杆之间的端部。
2、按照权利要求1所述的一种空间框架，其特征在于：每对支杆的共同的端部开有一个单螺钉孔;
连接构件包括穿过该弦杆和支杆的共同端部的一单螺钉。
3、按照权利要求1所述的空间框架，其特征在于：
上格栅的弦杆相对于下格栅相应弦杆倾斜45°;
每个上述结点处于下格栅内并与上格栅的结点等距离;
在上格栅的每个结点上，一对相对的斜支杆具有插入上格栅两弦杆间的端部，弦杆和支杆的端部用穿过弦杆支杆端部的连接构件互相连接。
4、按照权利要求2所述的空间框架，其特征在于：
上格栅的弦杆相对于下格栅相应弦杆倾斜45°;
每个上述结点处于下格栅内并与上格栅的结点等距离;
在上格栅的每个结点上，一对相对的斜支杆具有插入上格栅两弦杆间的端部，弦杆和支杆的端部用穿过弦杆支杆端部的连接构件互相连接。
5、按照上述权利要求中任意一项所述的空间框架，其特征在于：
每个格栅的弦杆是槽形的，重叠的弦杆的上部弦杆朝上开口，下部弦杆与之相反;
每根斜支杆是管状的，它的中部压平以便形成中端平板，它的端部压平以形成端平板并弯成平行于中端平板。
CN89106225A 1988-07-29 1989-07-26 空间框架 Expired CN1017535B (zh)

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AUPI953788 1988-07-29
AUPI9537 1988-07-29

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CN1017535B true CN1017535B (zh) 1992-07-22

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US (1) US5165214A (zh)
EP (1) EP0426708B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH04500102A (zh)
KR (1) KR950011053B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1017535B (zh)
CA (1) CA1311106C (zh)
DE (1) DE68913744T2 (zh)
DK (1) DK14591A (zh)
ES (1) ES2016040A6 (zh)
IN (1) IN171978B (zh)
MY (1) MY105096A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ230070A (zh)
WO (1) WO1990001592A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA895657B (zh)

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DE68913744T2 (de) 1994-08-18
DE68913744D1 (de) 1994-04-14
KR900702152A (ko) 1990-12-06
EP0426708A4 (en) 1992-01-02
ES2016040A6 (es) 1990-10-01
DK14591D0 (da) 1991-01-28
ZA895657B (en) 1990-04-25
EP0426708B1 (en) 1994-03-09
NZ230070A (en) 1992-02-25
WO1990001592A1 (en) 1990-02-22
MY105096A (en) 1994-08-30
IN171978B (zh) 1993-02-27
DK14591A (da) 1991-01-28
US5165214A (en) 1992-11-24
EP0426708A1 (en) 1991-05-15
CA1311106C (en) 1992-12-08
CN1040841A (zh) 1990-03-28
KR950011053B1 (ko) 1995-09-27
JPH04500102A (ja) 1992-01-09

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