CN101750419A - Open-type visual detection method based on featuring matching - Google Patents
Open-type visual detection method based on featuring matching Download PDFInfo
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- CN101750419A CN101750419A CN200910244968A CN200910244968A CN101750419A CN 101750419 A CN101750419 A CN 101750419A CN 200910244968 A CN200910244968 A CN 200910244968A CN 200910244968 A CN200910244968 A CN 200910244968A CN 101750419 A CN101750419 A CN 101750419A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open-type visual detection method based on featuring matching, which includes the following steps: (i) setting matching feature information; (ii) collecting the image of an object under detection; (iii) processing the image and extracting the same feature information; (iv) matching features; and (v) outputting matched detection results. The set of detection device can be applicable to the online detection of various products, as the wide-open structure is adopted, the user can perform secondary development on the platform according to specific detection demands. An optical imaging system and an embedded hardware processing platform in the invention for visual detection all adopt modular design, the components can be combined according to actual needs and the application range of the visual detection platform is accordingly expanded.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of open-type visual detection method, be specifically related to a kind of open-type visual detection method based on characteristic matching.
Background technology
Early stage product quality detects the general manual detection that adopts, the cost height, and production efficiency is low, is difficult to meet the demand of large-scale industrial production.After the eighties in 20th century, because the characteristics such as rapidity, repeatability, intellectuality and scene property of machine vision, detect industry occasions such as classification in parts quality testing, industrial and agricultural products, obtained concrete application based on the various on-line detecting systems of vision detection technology.These on-line detecting systems adopt more buys ready-made CCD camera, adopts the mode of image acquisition integrated circuit board processing industry control computer, and host computer is developed different process softwares more voluntarily.
When the trickle defective of accurate inspected object, these detection systems require to use hardware handles platform at a high speed on the one hand, simultaneously external conditions such as light source are required harsh, to obtain better quality (resolution) image, adopt the Processing Algorithm of various complexity that image is handled on the other hand, algorithm often is confined to a certain certain products detection simultaneously.Thereby determined these detection systems to adopt different separately hardware implementation structures, the secondary development difficulty is big, and simultaneously because the Processing Algorithm of its complexity that adopts, it is longer that image is carried out the processing time, its hardware and software cost is higher, is difficult to satisfy the demand that the modern industry production line high-speed detects in real time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in order to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art, and its objective is provides a kind of open-type visual detection method based on characteristic matching.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of open-type visual detection method based on characteristic matching may further comprise the steps:
(i) set matching characteristic information (L1)
The characteristic information value of examined object can be effectively distinguished in setting, according to the difference of inspected object, can set a plurality of matching characteristics, the characteristic information of setting as the coupling the masterplate characteristic storage in characteristic matching database 4;
(ii) gather examined object image (L2)
Begin images acquired by image acquisition control interface control optical imaging system,, adjust the brightness of intelligent lighting device automatically, make interested characteristic quantity obviously outstanding according to predefined testing conditions;
(iii) Flame Image Process is extracted same characteristic features information (L3)
The image that collects is handled, removed garbage, only extract the characteristic information of paying close attention to, remaining characteristic information removes the background denoising with not obvious to the image that collects, and extracts same characteristic features;
(iv) characteristic matching (L4)
Image feature information and the characteristic matching database of step in (iii) compares coupling, if set a plurality of features then mate respectively, as feature 1, feature 2 ... feature n;
(v) export matching detection result (L5).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A cover pick-up unit of the present invention can be applied to the online detection of multiple product (object), owing to adopted wide-open structure, the user can require to carry out secondary development according to concrete detection on this platform.The optical imaging system of the vision-based detection that is adopted among the present invention, embedded hardware processing platform (comprising image processing software bag, input and output control interface and Man Machine Interface) have all adopted modular design, therefore can make up according to the actual needs, widen the application of vision-based detection platform.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the unit construction principle block diagram that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 2 is the optical imaging system structural representation among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of an example of the present invention.
Wherein:
1 optical imaging system, 2 embedded hardware processing platforms
3 industrial computers or touch-screen 4 characteristic matching databases
5 pick-up units and topworks's 6 intelligent lighting devices
9 input and output control interfaces, 10 image processing algorithm modules
11 Man Machine Interfaces, 17 chutes
18 light sources, 19 background boards
20 sensor chips, 21 pick-up lenss
22 nozzles
Embodiment
Below, with reference to drawings and Examples the open-type visual detection method based on characteristic matching of the present invention is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 1, 2, equipment of the present invention adopts open vision inspection apparatus, open vision inspection apparatus comprises optical imaging system 1, the output of optical imaging system 1, input end signal are communicated with output, the input end signal of embedded hardware processing platform 2, and the output of embedded hardware processing platform 2, input end signal are communicated with output, the input end signal of industrial computer or touch-screen 3, characteristic matching database 4 and topworks 5 respectively.
Wherein, optical imaging system 1 is made up of intelligent lighting device 6 and ccd video camera 7.Wherein, intelligent lighting device 6 comprises light source 18 and a background board 19.Loader 16 being set below the feed bin 15, chute 17 is set below loader 16, is that two light sources 18 and a background board 19 are respectively arranged before and after axis of symmetry is provided with respectively below chute 17, with chute 17.Light source 18 uses the multistage led light source of adjustable brightness, by image capture interface 8 controls, can come one section LED illumination of automatic setting or multistage LED illumination to the demand of light intensity according to examined object, thereby regulate light-source brightness.Simultaneously can also select light sources of different colors for use according to the difference of examined object color.
Ccd video camera 7 is made up of high speed linear array CCD sensor chip 20 and pick-up lens 21, can cooperate as required to select the multiple standards camera lens for use.Intelligent lighting device 6 uses the multistage led light source of adjustable brightness, by image capture interface 8 controls, can come one section LED illumination of automatic setting or multistage LED illumination to the demand of light intensity according to examined object, thereby regulate light-source brightness.Simultaneously can also select light sources of different colors for use according to the difference of examined object color.
Optical imaging system 1 is responsible for the light signal of material is converted to electric signal, for the successive image collection is prepared.Optics pick-up lens 21 is used for entering the material optical imagery in the sight line under the irradiation of light source 18.The light that sensor chip 20 detection optical pick-up lenss are assembled, and detect its intensity, gather the image information of testee, the object of different colours produces the signal of varying strength.A sensor chip 20 is respectively established in front and back, and purpose is the double-edged color of material that is used to detect, and guarantees the comprehensive of detection.
Embedded hardware processing platform 2 comprises hardware components and software section.Wherein, core processor system and the relevant peripheral interface mainly formed of hardware components by on-site programmable gate array FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), digital signal processor DSP (Digital Signal Processor), synchronous dynamic random access memory SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory).Peripheral interface comprises image acquisition control interface 8, input and output control interface 9 and Man Machine Interface 11.Software section mainly is made up of with software programs such as relevant system's control, communication, IO interface image processing algorithm module 10.
Wherein, image acquisition control interface 8 is connected with optical imaging system 1 by special-purpose input/output signal connecting line, send the brightness regulation of instruction control intelligent lighting device 6 according to the requirement of object to be detected, send pulse command notice ccd video camera 7 images acquired simultaneously, the analog image that ccd video camera 7 collects is sent into image capture interface 8 by coaxial cable.
Wherein, IO interface 9 provides analog current, dc voltage signal input interface in order to connect the external detection device, and pick-up unit is generally various sensors, and the pressure, the position signals that can be used for the outside detect; Also provide the digital signal output interface to be used to export control signal corresponding simultaneously to pick-up unit and topworks 5.
Wherein, image processing algorithm module 10 is kernel software modules of embedded hardware processing platform 2.The image processing software algorithm is handled the image that image acquisition control interface 8 collects, and carries out image and goes the background denoising, extracts useful feature information, mates with template characteristic information then.
Wherein, Man Machine Interface 11 provides VGA, RS232/485, RJ45, the PS2 interface of standard, can connect industrial computer or touch-screen 3 and other peripherals, for the operator provides operation display interface intuitively.
Industrial computer or touch-screen 3 provide user interface intuitively for the operator, the operator can observe the characteristic informations such as associated picture gray scale, RGB component gray-scale value of object to be detected intuitively by display or touch-screen, can also conveniently set detecting pattern surveyed area condition etc. simultaneously.
Industrial computer or touch-screen 3 are connected with embedded hardware processing platform 2 by signal wire as human-computer interaction interface.When testing, can whether be present in characteristic matching database 4 according to the characteristic matching data of inspected object, set new matching characteristic data by industrial computer or touch-screen 3, also can call existing feature templates matched data in the database by it.In addition, the status information during on-line detecting system work can show on industrial computer or touch-screen 3 in real time, is convenient to observe.
Characteristic matching database 4 is interested feature description factors of extracting from the examined object image in advance under the mode of off-line, these feature description factors are included in acceptable object under particular color light source, the certain luminance and reject the gray-scale value of object, RGB (red, green, blue) component gray-scale value, flaw area etc., and these characteristic information values will be kept in the characteristic matching database 4 as template data.Generally be stored in FLASH (flash memory) or other are deposited in all media.
Pick-up unit can selected components according to the different of the concrete application of pick-up unit with execution machine 5.Wherein pick-up unit is generally various industrial sensors, can be used for that pressure, the position signals of outside detected when detection system worked.Topworks can be a pneumatic actuator, also can be other mechanisms such as industrial machine human arm.Wherein pneumatic actuator is formed (not shown) by nozzle 22 and control gear, and control gear is made up of Drive and Control Circuit, compressed air system and pressure adjustment assembly etc., and nozzle 22 can be designed to the different structure form as required, as the flat structure.
As shown in Figure 3, visible detection method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(i) set matching characteristic information (L1)
At first, set out the characteristic information value that the energy active zone is told examined object, promptly set the matching template characteristic information according to modes such as eye-observation, summaries of experience.As the gray-scale value of certain component of RGB, flaw point area etc.According to the difference of inspected object, can set a plurality of matching characteristics, the characteristic information of setting will be as the masterplate characteristic storage of mating in characteristic matching database 4.
(ii) gather examined object image (L2)
Then, begin online inspected object image.By image acquisition control interface 8 control optical imaging systems 1 beginning images acquired, according to predefined testing conditions, adjust the brightness of intelligent lighting device automatically, make interested characteristic quantity obviously outstanding.
(iii) Flame Image Process is extracted same characteristic features information (L3)
Secondly, the image that collects is handled, removed garbage, only extract the characteristic information paid close attention to (promptly with matching characteristic database 4 in identical matching characteristic).In the on-line detecting system, collecting its characteristic information of image of object such as gray scale and external light source, the background of RGB component has substantial connection.Under conditions such as specific light source color, brightness, some characteristic information will be highlighted, and remaining characteristic information is with not obvious.
In the on-line detecting system of the present invention during images acquired, unify light source and background, therefore the image that collects is gone disposal routes such as background denoising, extract same characteristic features owing to use when obtaining the matching template feature with step (i).
(iv) characteristic matching (L4)
Image feature information and the characteristic matching database 4 of step in (iii) compares coupling, if set a plurality of features then mate respectively, as feature 1, feature 2 ... feature n.
(v) export matching detection result (L5).
Be to utilize in the image of object to be detected a certain obvious characteristic to distinguish inspected object as core main points of the present invention, promptly only obtain certain several characteristic component of examined object, and need not handle its all images information, that is simplified and collect the object general image and handle this process again, thereby make that the speed of detection system is promoted, satisfy the demand of system real time, and then reduced the system hardware cost.
Utilize the present invention,,, select light sources of different colors for use and by control to light-source brightness according to the difference of inspected object color, defective flaw by to intelligent lighting device control, can so that the defect characteristic of object given prominence to.The feature matching method that the present invention proposes can adopt different matching ways according to the difference of inspected object, in inspected object RGB coloured image, and the coupling of correlation between the coupling of R component and G component gray-scale value and each component of RGB.
As shown in Figure 4, with the online quality testing of raisins is example, utilize the open-type visual detection platform, when greenish-yellow raisins on-line sorting, for yellow raisins are sorted out from green raisin, adopt green light source, the control light-source brightness makes that G (green component) feature of raisins is given prominence to.Employing is as follows based on the area matched implementation procedure of G (green) component gray feature value and flaw point:
(a) set G (green component) gray feature value T and flaw point area S (P1)
In the man-machine interface that the open-type visual detection platform provides, set to detect yellow raisins G (green component) gray feature value be T and when thinking yellow raisins on the raisins area size of yellow spotting be S, the characteristic information value is stored in the characteristic matching database 4.
(b) online acquisition is handled the raisins image information, extracts G (green component) gray feature value (P2)
If optical imaging system background gray scale is G1, the G of green raisin (green component) feature gray scale is G2, and the G of yellow raisins (green component) feature gray scale is G3.
The difference D=G2-G1 of the G of green raisin (green component) feature gray scale and background;
G (green component) the feature gray scale of yellow raisins and the difference D=G3-G1 of background;
(c) coupling G (green component) gray feature value T (P3)
For yellow and green raisin are separated, difference D and T are compared, then set gray scale during D＞T and satisfy the coupling requirement.
(d) flaw point area add up (P4)
When raisins pass through the optical imaging system of vision-based detection platform, under the high speed instruction control of image acquisition control interface, same raisins can repeatedly be scanned by ccd video camera and detect, each scanning all can detect the zones of different area of raisins, meet coupling when requiring when detecting the raisins gray feature, then begin area and add up
When the area that detects for the first time yellow flaw point is S1
The area that detects for the second time yellow flaw point is S2
…
The area that detects flaw point for the n time is Sn
To the area S1+S2+ that adds up ... Sn
(e) coupling flaw point area S (P5)
Add up and work as S1+S2+ ... judge that then flaw point area meets the coupling requirement during Sn＞S.
(f) output matching detection result (P6)
When G (green) component gray feature value and flaw point area satisfy coupling simultaneously and require, then export the matching detection result.
The present invention adopts open vision inspection apparatus, visible detection method based on characteristic matching has been proposed, be to preserve and to handle inspected object all images information in the testing process, only pay close attention to and analyze and to divide the useful feature information that detects object by active zone, improve system handles speed, efficiently solve the real-time requirement of on-line detecting system.
Claims (1)
1. based on the open-type visual detection method of characteristic matching, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(i) set matching characteristic information
The characteristic information value of examined object can be effectively distinguished in setting, according to the difference of inspected object, can set a plurality of matching characteristics, and the characteristic information of setting is as the masterplate characteristic storage (L1) in characteristic matching database 4 of coupling;
(ii) gather the examined object image
By image acquisition control interface (8) control optical imaging system (1) beginning images acquired, according to predefined testing conditions, adjust the brightness of intelligent lighting device automatically, make interested characteristic quantity obviously give prominence to (L2);
(iii) Flame Image Process is extracted same characteristic features information
The image that collects is handled, removed garbage, only extract the characteristic information of paying close attention to, remaining characteristic information removes the background denoising with not obvious to the image that collects, and extracts same characteristic features (L3);
(iv) characteristic matching
Characteristic information and the characteristic matching database (4) of step in (iii) compares coupling, if set a plurality of features then mate respectively, as feature 1, feature 2 ... feature n (L4);
(v) export matching detection result (L5).
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| CN 200910244968 CN101750419B (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2009-12-21 | Open-type visual detection method based on featuring matching |
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- 2009-12-21 CN CN 200910244968 patent/CN101750419B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN110111312A (en) * | 2019-04-20 | 2019-08-09 | 东莞中科蓝海智能视觉科技有限公司 | The MARK point visible detection method and device of transparent flexible glue paper |
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