CN101749019A

CN101749019A - Method for forming artificial ore pillar and mining method

Info

Publication number: CN101749019A
Application number: CN 201010114657
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韦立坚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-10-30
Filing date: 2010-02-26
Publication date: 2010-06-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for forming an artificial ore pillar and a mining method, which comprises the following steps: position and size of an ore pillar is delimited; the ores within the range of the ore pillar are mined during the process for mining the room after excavating to the side of the ore pillar; the space which is reserved for the ores are mined is filled by stones within the range of the ore pillar, and cement slurry or hard foam plastics are poured into the stones inside the space, so the stones are packed to an artificial ore pillar; the rest rooms are mined until the entire room are completely mined. Through the above method, not only the ore pillar can be gradually substituted by the artificial ore pillar during the process for mining the room, but also the ores in the room can be mined. Since the ore pillar is replaced by the artificial ore pillar, the mining rate of the ore blocks can be greatly improved, and the permanent loss rate of the ore resource of the ore blocks can be greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of method and corresponding mining methods that form artificial ore pillar

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of mining methods, relate in particular to a kind of method of constructing artificial ore pillar.

Background technology

In the more and more rare modern times of mineral resources, how can the more ores in the mineral reserve be exploited out economically and safely, become a common difficult problem.In the exploitation of underground mine, in extraction part mineral reserve, need stay for the purpose of safety the part mineral reserve as the supporter of subterranean strata so that subterranean strata is supported, so the part mineral reserve are left on the original place and are not can hardly be avoided by extraction.Left part mineral reserve also are difficult to be utilized by exploitation afterwards usually, thereby this part mineral reserve will become permanent mineral resources loss.

In relating to the mining technique of underground mine, usually the mining area is divided into some nuggets.The tunnel that has up and down of nugget connects, or directly being cut apart by the tunnel up and down of nugget.Then artificially divide about nugget for needs according to different mining methods.For the exploitation of a nugget, need usually this nugget is divided into mineral building and ore pillar.Ore pillar can be divided into fore-set, foundation, studding again usually, and the ore pillar on nugget top is called fore-set, and the ore pillar of nugget bottom is called foundation, and the ore pillar at nugget middle part is called studding.Usually the scope of mineral building is greater than the scope of ore pillar.Mineral building can be exploited, and ore pillar then gives over to support.When the exploitation mineral building, ore pillar plays the effect of supporting mineral building roof and floor country rock as supporter.Ore under adopting is transported via the tunnel of nugget below.That is to say, after the ore extraction in the mineral building scope, will not exploit and stay the original place the ore in the scope that was divided into ore pillar originally, these ores of staying the original place are not damaged, can play the effect of a support, floor rocks as pillar, thereby be called ore pillar.After having adopted mineral building, can look the exploitation of different situations decisions ore pillar, perhaps ore pillar is no longer exploited and is given over to permanent ore pillar.After ore pillar was given over to permanent ore pillar, this part ore body was permanent loss, thereby caused the mineral resources permanent loss.Even ore pillar can be exploited, also can only exploit sub-fraction usually, for example the size of the ore pillar that will delimit originally reduces a bit so that the more ore of extraction, and remaining part is also with permanent loss.Therefore, in the exploitation of nugget, exist the mineral resources permanent loss unavoidable.The mineral resources permanent loss of each nugget finally is presented as the pith of the mineral resources permanent loss in whole mining area.Particularly, be the pith that the formed loss of permanent ore pillar of each nugget finally is presented as the mineral resources permanent loss in whole mining area.Usually, the ore amount that gives over to permanent ore pillar accounts for the 15-25% of whole nugget ore amount, that is to say, and the ore that each nugget usually can only extraction 75-85%, all the other are permanent loss.

Summary of the invention

Need to be provided with the problem that permanent ore pillar causes the mineral resources permanent loss in the existing nugget production technique in order to reduce or fundamentally to solve, the invention provides a kind of method that forms artificial ore pillar, comprising: in nugget, delimit position and the size of intending by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar; In the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of the ore pillar that the plan of excavating described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar, the ore extraction in the ore pillar scope that the plan of described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar falls; The ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant stone is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant stone together with cement paste or cement mortar is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar; Or the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar.

Described stone heap tumbles stone by the contiguous rock formation of explosion and forms by tumbling the stone accumulation.

Before filling, the perisporium in described space presets separation layer.

Before filling, the perisporium in described space presets steel mesh reinforcement or wire gauze.

Method according to above-mentioned formation artificial ore pillar, the present invention also provides a kind of mining methods, comprise: in nugget, divide mineral building and some ore pillars, the position and the size of default each ore pillar, the ore pillar that these ore pillars are categorized as permanent ore pillar and can be substituted by artificial ore pillar; In the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting the described ore pillar that can substitute, can fall by the ore extraction in the scope of the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar described by artificial ore pillar; Fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of the described ore pillar that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the described ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or fill the described ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam; The mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

According to the method for above-mentioned formation artificial ore pillar, the present invention also provides another kind of mining methods, comprising: divide mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding; In the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding, the ore extraction in the scope of described studding is fallen; Fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam; The mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

According to the method for above-mentioned formation artificial ore pillar, the present invention also provides another kind of mining methods, comprising: divide mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding; In the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding or fore-set, the ore extraction in the scope of described studding or fore-set is fallen; Fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar; The mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

Method according to above-mentioned formation artificial ore pillar, the present invention also provides another kind of mining methods, comprise: divide mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel; In the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding or fore-set, the ore extraction in the scope of described studding or fore-set is fallen; Fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar; The mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation; Go out mine mouth and block described; Fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, from inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or the rigid foam that the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled, make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar; Exploit described foundation.

Method according to above-mentioned formation artificial ore pillar, the present invention also provides another kind of mining methods, comprise: divide mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel; In the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding, the ore extraction in the scope of described studding is fallen; Fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam; The mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation; Go out mine mouth and block described; Fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, from inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or the rigid foam that the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled, make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar; Exploit described foundation.

Method according to above-mentioned formation artificial ore pillar, the present invention also provides another kind of mining methods, comprise: divide mineral building and some foundation and some non-foundation type ore pillars in nugget, the position and the size of default each ore pillar are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel; After the exploitation of whole mineral building finishes, go out mine mouth and block described; Fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, from inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or the rigid foam that the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled, make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar; Exploit described foundation.

By method and the corresponding mining methods of utilizing formation artificial ore pillar provided by the present invention, in the process of exploitation mineral building, progressively substitute the permanent ore pillar that constitutes by ore by the artificial ore pillar that rock or concrete or plastics constituted with main, can reduce even fundamentally avoid in the nugget production technique, to be provided with permanent ore pillar effectively, thus the mineral resources permanent loss that can reduce even fundamentally avoid the setting because of permanent ore pillar in the nugget production technique to cause effectively.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the nugget lateral view;

Fig. 2 is the nugget vertical view.

Among the figure, the 1st, following tunnel, the 2nd, last tunnel, the 3rd, mineral ore, the 4th, fore-set, the 5th, studding, the 6th, foundation, the 7th, go out mine mouth, the 8th, mineral building.

The specific embodiment

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying

drawing

1,2 couples of each embodiment of accompanying drawing.

Can see by Fig. 2, nugget by last tunnel, down the tunnel, about chain-dotted line surround.And include mineral building, ore pillar etc. in the nugget.Though each key element is all described with straight line among the figure, but in concrete mining, various lines might be difform curve and straight line not necessarily, for example the tunnel probably is bent but not straight, mineral ore along inclined direction also probably is bent but not straight, and the boundary line, the left and right sides of nugget also might be curve, oblique line.Therefore, even the nugget of being delimited by curve, oblique line, mineral building, ore pillar etc. also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, because the mining area always includes a plurality of nuggets usually, therefore, the mineral building of each nugget, the setting of ore pillar always will be considered in conjunction with the nugget on next door, also will unify to carry out in conjunction with the nugget on next door when construction and exploitation.For example studding 5 is passed thereby is depicted in by chain-dotted line in two nuggets, but construction can once carry out also dividing secondary to carry out when the time for example constructing this artificial ore pillar, and the situation of fore-set, foundation is also similar.The concrete implementing method of once carrying out should belong to protection scope of the present invention naturally; the boundary line, the left and right sides that this situation is equivalent to nugget is curve and non-rectilinear; the boundary line, the left and right sides that is nugget is not to pass in the middle of studding 5 but along its periphery process; like this, a complete studding 5 is divided in the mineral building.So boundary line, the nugget left and right sides is not to pass in the middle of studding 5 but promptly fit like a glove with standard scheme of the present invention along the division methods of its peripheral process.But the present invention passes boundary line, the nugget left and right sides when the description technique scheme in the usual course in the middle of studding 5.Because these two kinds of ways only are to adopt different sign ways on drawing; after adopting technical scheme of the present invention, the text description of its embodiment is the same, and the result after the enforcement also is duplicate; therefore, two kinds of ways all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Among Fig. 2, studding 5 has two, but might be several also in the concrete condition, even has only one, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Among Fig. 2, an outlet is arranged between mineral building top and the last tunnel, this outlet conduct ventilation usually, pedestrian's service channel.In technical scheme of the present invention, this exports not necessarily.

Because there is particularity in mining technique; therefore to the identification of technical solution of the present invention the time; should take attitude relatively flexibly; for example; narration has " ore extraction in the described delimitation ore pillar scope is fallen " among the application; if other people technical scheme is " major part of the ore in the described delimitation ore pillar scope is exploited and stay a bit "; or other people technical scheme is " ore extraction in the described delimitation ore pillar scope is fallen and exploit more again "; or other people technical scheme is " ore extraction in the described delimitation ore pillar scope is fallen and exploit some up and down country rocks " again; these technical schemes are the same with the present invention in itself, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.Other analogue is not enumerated one by one.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying

drawing

1,2 couples first embodiment of accompanying drawing.

First embodiment is a kind of method that forms artificial ore pillar, comprising:

Step 101 promptly delimited position and the size of intending by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar in nugget.This process is actually the process of design stage.

In concrete enforcement, may there be the design stage, there is not construction drawing, may be to see that the ore deposit opens a mine, but, rule of thumb intend remaining requisite by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar at common ore pillar of appropriate location arrangements or layout, it promptly is that position and the size by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar intended in delimitation that the layout is here intended by the ore pillar that artificial ore pillar substitutes.Thereby this situation can not be considered to not this step.

Step 102, promptly in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of the ore pillar that the plan of excavating described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar, the ore extraction in the ore pillar scope that the plan of described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar falls.In concrete mining process, the exploitation of mineral building often needs to continue for some time, and needs exploitation bit by bit.Common mining sequence is from bottom to top to exploit near going out mine mouth substantially, and like this, the ore under adopting is under the effect of deadweight or relend and help the effect of mechanical force to tumble out mine mouth.During the exploitation mineral building, also can go out mine mouth certainly and up make a call to a supreme tunnel of path earlier, be beneficial to ventilation like this; Also can flatly make a call to a connecting taxiway and enter this nugget, be beneficial to pedestrian and goods and materials, equipment carrying like this from the nugget on next door.The mining process of underground mining is very complicated, and the mining sequence of mineral building is a kind of incessantly in the nugget, because the limitation of literal, the inventor have to take to describe this step and do not find better describing mode as the described describing mode of step 102.Behind the next door of the ore pillar that excavation or the plan of exploiting described delimitation are substituted by artificial ore pillar, the ore extraction in the ore pillar scope that the plan of described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar falls.In concrete mining activity, the implication of excavation or exploitation does not have substantial difference.

Because ore pillar is a polyhedron, for example the cross section of typical ore pillar is square or rectangle, when the ore extraction in the ore pillar scope that the plan of planning described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar falls, preferably can begin excavation from its side.For next step is the facility that step 103 is implemented, preferably the upper side of the ore pillar that is substituted by artificial ore pillar in the plan of described delimitation can excavate some more.The also facility of implementing for next step, plan to described delimitation preferably wouldn't be excavated by the ore below the downside of the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar, so that when implementing next step, the ore at this position can play the usefulness of the interim baffle plate when constructing artificial ore pillar, also can play the interim support effect of country rock up and down, in order to be beneficial to the enforcement of next step, the width at this position preferably is greater than the width of the plan of described delimitation by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar in addition.If at this moment the ore extraction at this position is fallen, then when implementing next step, corresponding site need be provided with interim baffle plate.Preferably also wouldn't excavate the ore with respect to the another side of excavating the side, the ore at this position also can play baffle plate and support the effect of country rock up and down when implementation step 103.If at this moment the ore extraction at this position is fallen, then when implementing next step, corresponding site need be provided with interim baffle plate.When having local rock relatively broken soft in the country rock up and down that contacts with mineral ore, during ore in the ore pillar scope that the plan of the described delimitation of excavation is substituted by artificial ore pillar, preferably in passing these broken soft rocks are also disposed.When the inclination angle of ore deposit rock contact surface smoother and mineral ore is bigger, during ore in the ore pillar scope that the plan of the described delimitation of excavation is substituted by artificial ore pillar, preferably in passing country rock is up and down also excavated, so that make constructed herein artificial ore pillar can be inserted into up and down in the country rock.

Step 103, promptly the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that substituted by artificial ore pillar of the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant stone is by the space of exploiting and staying, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant stone together with cement paste or cement mortar is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar; Or the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar.

Wherein, the abundant stone of so-called usefulness promptly is with fully many stone.Those skilled in the art should be understood that, have only with abundant stone add that necessary cement, mortar or plastics materials could be constructed in described space and roof rock under and floor rocks and reach the artificial ore pillar of given size.That is to say that can construct and reach the needed stone amount of artificial ore pillar that reaches floor rocks under the roof rock and reach given size promptly is abundant stone amount in described space.If stone is stored up in the slit, comprise that stone is piled inner slit, stone is piled slit up and down, after slip casting, injection moulding, also can in described space, construct and roof rock under and floor rocks and reach the artificial ore pillar of given size, the stone amount of this stone heap has also satisfied the requirement of abundant stone amount.

Similarly, together with cement paste or cement mortar, promptly be to use fully many stone with abundant stone together with fully many cement paste or cement mortar, those skilled in the art should be able to know ratio separately; Similarly, with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, promptly be with fully many cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam.Only reach abundant or fully many, just can construct the artificial ore pillar of given size.

This step has been described the method for three kinds of alternative formation artificial ore pillars, and first kind is to fill stone earlier, and cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam reinject; Second kind is to fill together with cement paste or cement mortar with stone; The third is simply directly with cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling.

Filling stone in first kind of scheme in predetermined space, is the technology that those skilled in the art grasps easily.Technologies such as the slip casting in this scheme, injection moulding all are the technology of comparative maturity in other industry, and the artificial ore pillar that the inventor refers to these technologies in the nugget production technique of underground mining is constructed on the engineering.These technologies can realize mechanization, serialization, rapid operation well, also can carry out multiple spot centralization construction.If when taking Shooting Technique, used rigid foam preferably can be rigid polyvinyl chloride foamed plastics, RPUF, hard polystyrene foamed plastics and the glass fiber reinforced polyester ammonia ester foamed plastic that makes with reaction injection molding and fill foamed plastics that polybenzimidazoles makes etc. with hollow glass micropearl, the characteristics of these materials are the very low thereby quantity consumeds and few of density, can not cause cost to heighten, and can reach certain intensity.If inject cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar etc., then intensity can reach the intensity of hard rock, and owing to just fill the slit of stone in piling with these materials, thereby consumption is fewer, thereby cost is not high.Wherein foam slurry or foamed cement mortar promptly are the materials of using of various light weight concrete constructions common in the construction work or light weight concrete construction brick.This scheme optimization ground can be buried Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube underground in advance before filling stone.

When adopting Shooting Technique, if foam rate is zero, what then injected is non-foamed plastics, the only just suggestion employing under the lower situation of plastics price of this scheme.The foam rate of common rigid foam is all very high, and proportion for example common and foamed plastics that preferably recommend only has 30-50 kilogram/ton, and the proportion of pure plastics surpasses 1000 kilograms/ton, and the visible foam rate is very high.Help so greatly reducing cost.

The method that second method is manual at last basically, this method is very simple, and is similar with a stone-laying wall, no longer carefully states at this.

The technology of the third method is also very simple, and foam slurry wherein or foamed cement mortar also are the materials of using of various light weight concrete constructions common in the construction work or light weight concrete construction brick.Also no longer carefully state at this about this method.

Because the ore in the ore pillar scope that the plan of described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar is valuable, its value all will be far longer than the expense of constructing artificial ore pillar usually.Especially when the thickness of mineral ore less than mineral building adopt the width of cloth time, for example adopt the width of cloth and be 1.2 meters and mineral ore and have only 0.7 meter when thick because a part of 0.7 meter that is only hollowed out of filling rather than adopt 1.2 meters entirely, thereby cost is lower.

By above-mentioned three steps, promptly can be implemented in progressively construct or once construct in the process of exploitation mineral building a plurality of mainly by artificial ore pillar that rock or concrete or plastics constituted to substitute the permanent ore pillar that constitutes by ore, thereby can reduce even fundamentally avoid in the nugget production technique, to be provided with permanent ore pillar effectively, thereby the mineral resources permanent loss that can reduce even fundamentally avoid the setting because of permanent ore pillar in the nugget production technique to cause effectively.

Wherein, for first kind of scheme described in the step 103, preferably can form and tumble stone and pile up filling naturally by tumbling stone by the contiguous rock of explosion.The contiguous rock of explosion in this scheme can be the contiguous rock of explosion ore pillar along the dip angle top, also can be the contiguous rock of explosion side top.In addition, preferably, form at the contiguous rock of explosion and to tumble stone by tumbling before stone piles up filling naturally, interim baffle plate can be set block the scope of freedom in the described space, i.e. the plan of described delimitation is by the excavation face of the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar.Except tumbling stone, the contiguous rock formation of described explosion piles up naturally the filling by tumbling stone, can also manually pile up filling by manual handling stone, or fill or utilize other handling machinery carrying stone to fill with belt conveyer carrying stone, do not enumerate one by one at this.

Again wherein, preferably, before filling, the perisporium in described space can preset separation layer.The purpose that presets separation layer is when making the ore of exploiting the artificial ore pillar next door afterwards, can separate ore and artificial ore pillar well.Because exploitated ore all is to be undertaken by the mode of drilling and blasting usually, thereby separation layer also helps reducing the harmful effect that artificial ore pillar produced of concussion of blasting to having built up.In fact set separation layer is exactly that concrete and non-concrete separation layer are isolated in common being used for, and this set is common in engineering construction, thereby is the concrete application of mature technique means.This separation layer in the stope is lower to the requirement of material, for example utilizes leaf, straw, wheat straw, waste paper, plastic sheeting, foamed plastics or the like to achieve the goal.

Again wherein, preferably, before filling, the perisporium in described space presets steel mesh reinforcement or wire gauze.Be of value to the artificial ore pillar that protection has built up like this, also be of value to the intensity that improves artificial ore pillar.In addition, when the effect of slip casting or injection moulding not during expection desirable, therefore the loosening situation of stone may can appear in artificial ore pillar, and steel mesh reinforcement in this scheme or wire gauze can play and prevent that stone is because of becoming flexible the effect of dropping and hurting sb.'s feelings.In addition, preferably, Grouting Pipe of being buried underground in advance before filling stone or injection molding tube also can be arranged to netted, can play the effect of steel mesh reinforcement.Perhaps, preferably, have Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube in the steel mesh reinforcement that perisporium preset in described space before filling stone.

By foregoing description as can be seen, constructed artificial ore pillar is made of rock or concrete or plastics, and rock wherein can be mainly derived from the country rock of contiguous mineral ore, the most directly gathers materials on the spot like this, helps the reduction expense greatly.Though constructed artificial ore pillar is made of ore, still is called artificial ore pillar traditionally rather than is called artificial stone column.Because it is not very too high usually to construct the cost of artificial ore pillar, the problem that does not also have the mineral resources loss, thereby compare with the situation that permanent ore pillar is set, be provided with under the scheme of artificial ore pillar greater number or larger sized ore pillar can be set, thereby help the safety of mining activity more.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying

drawing

1,2 couples second embodiment of accompanying drawing.

Second embodiment is a kind of mining methods, comprising:

Step 201 is promptly divided mineral building and some ore pillars in nugget, the position and the size of default each ore pillar, the ore pillar that these ore pillars are categorized as permanent ore pillar and can be substituted by artificial ore pillar.This process in fact also is the process of design stage.

In concrete enforcement, may there be the design stage, there is not construction drawing, may be to see that the ore deposit opens a mine, still, a nugget always has mineral building and ore pillar two parts, therefore always exists in the process of dividing mineral building and some ore pillars in the nugget.In addition, rule of thumb also be absolutely necessary at appropriate location arrangements ore pillar, the layout ore pillar here promptly is the position and the size of delimiting ore pillar.Thereby this situation can not be considered to not this step.Wherein the ore pillar of permanent ore pillar type promptly is the ore pillar of not planning to exploit.Because in numerous ore pillars, some is because concrete reason plans not exploit, other then are intended to exploit, thereby need each ore pillar is categorized as permanent ore pillar and can be by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar, and wherein the latter promptly is intended to the ore pillar exploited.Though in specific implementation process, may cannot see the process of the concrete ore pillar that these ore pillars is categorized as permanent ore pillar and can substitutes by artificial ore pillar, but, as long as exist in certain nugget a part of ore pillar not exploit or plan not exploit and another part ore pillar need be replaced or be replaced by the situation of artificial ore pillar, then have this process in fact.

Step 202 promptly in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting the described ore pillar that can be substituted by artificial ore pillar, can be fallen by the ore extraction in the scope of the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar described.Ore pillar for permanent ore pillar type is not then carried out this step.

When assert this step, should not be construed only has described can also being should not be construed and only be carried out one time step 202 in whole mineral building recovery process by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar in the nugget.Can find out that from step 201 described can have several by the ore pillar that artificial ore pillar substitutes, thereby step 202 may need to carry out several times.Only execute for the first time step 202 and could carry out the second time, execute and to carry out for the third time the second time nor be construed as.Be construed as, several times step 202 both can be carried out respectively, also can carry out simultaneously or carry out with overlapping.Because the limitation of text description, the inventor can not find better describing mode, have to describe this step according to the described mode of step 202.

About other explanation of this step and about the further preferred implementation of this step, be similar to the step 102 among first embodiment, see also the explanation of first embodiment about step 102, do not repeat them here.

Step 203, promptly fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of the described ore pillar that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or fill the described ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone; Or fill the described ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam.

When assert this step, also should not be construed only has a described ore pillar that can be substituted by artificial ore pillar in the nugget, and should not be construed only carry out one time step 203 in whole mineral building recovery process.Be construed as, step 203 may need to carry out several times.Only execute for the first time step 203 and could carry out the second time, execute and to carry out for the third time the second time nor be construed as.Be construed as, several times step 203 both can be carried out respectively, also can carry out simultaneously or carry out with overlapping.Because the limitation of text description, the inventor can not find better describing mode, have to describe this step according to the described mode of step 203.

About other explanation of this step and about the further preferred implementation of this step, be similar to the step 103 among first embodiment, see also the explanation of first embodiment about step 103, do not repeat them here.

Step 204, promptly the remaining mineral building of exploitation finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

Because the complexity of mining process and the limitation of text description, this step is failed to find better describing mode and have to be taked as the described text description of this step.But this step should not be understood that can not exploit mineral building when handling ore pillar, can not handle ore pillar in the time of should not being understood that to exploit mineral building yet.

By above-mentioned four steps, promptly can be implemented in the process of exploiting mineral building and progressively can really replace with artificial ore pillar by the ore pillar that artificial ore pillar substitutes, and can realize the ore extraction in the mineral building is fallen originally in step 201, being classified as.Because the part ore pillar is replaced by artificial ore pillar, thereby can improve the recovery ratio of nugget greatly, reduces the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget greatly.

Wherein, fill the scheme of slip casting then or injection moulding with stone, preferably also can form and tumble stone and pile up filling naturally by tumbling stone by the contiguous rock of explosion for the elder generation in the step 203.Preferably also can before filling stone, bury Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube in advance underground.More detailed description sees also among first embodiment specific descriptions about the preferred implementation of step 103.

Again wherein, preferably, before filling, the perisporium in described space also can preset separation layer.About presetting the appropriate section that further specifying of separation layer sees also first embodiment, do not repeat them here.

Again wherein, preferably, before filling, the perisporium in described space also can preset steel mesh reinforcement or wire gauze.Further instruction sees also the appropriate section of first embodiment, does not repeat them here.

Other technique effect of this embodiment is similar to first embodiment, does not repeat them here.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2 couples the 3rd embodiment of accompanying drawing.

The 3rd embodiment is a kind of mining methods, comprising:

Step 301 is promptly divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding in nugget.The description of this division methods and accompanying drawing 2 is very similar.It is pointed out that in a second embodiment the division of ore pillar is really not so, because some mining methods is not that ore pillar is divided into fore-set, foundation, studding, so the inventor have to take the described describing mode as second embodiment.

The process of step 301 in fact also is the process of design stage.The step 201 that is similar to second embodiment that further describes about this process does not repeat them here.

Step 302 promptly in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding.

About further describing and further preferred implementation of this step, be similar to the step 202 of second embodiment, do not repeat them here.

Step 303, promptly fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar; Or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone; Or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam.

About further describing and further preferred implementation of this step, be similar to the step 203 of second embodiment, do not repeat them here.

Step 304, promptly the remaining mineral building of exploitation finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

The step 204 that is similar to second embodiment that further describes about this step does not repeat them here.

By above-mentioned four steps, can be implemented in the process of exploiting mineral building and progressively studding be replaced with artificial intervening pillar, and can realize the ore extraction in the mineral building is fallen.Because studding is replaced by artificial intervening pillar, thereby can improve the recovery ratio of nugget, reduce the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget.

Wherein, fill the scheme of slip casting then or injection moulding with stone, preferably also can form and tumble stone and pile up filling naturally by tumbling stone by the contiguous rock of explosion for the elder generation in the step 303.Preferably also can before filling stone, bury Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube in advance underground.More detailed description sees also among first embodiment specific descriptions about the preferred implementation of step 103.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2 couples the 4th embodiment of accompanying drawing.

The 4th embodiment is a kind of mining methods, comprising:

Step 401 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding.

About the step 301 that is similar to the 3rd embodiment that further specifies of this step, see also the step 301 of the 3rd embodiment, do not repeat them here.

Step 402 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding or fore-set, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding or fore-set.

About further describing and further preferred implementation of this step, also be similar to the step 202 of second embodiment, do not repeat them here.

Step 403, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar; Or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar; Or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar.

When assert this step, also should not be construed only has a described studding or fore-set in the nugget, and should not be construed only carry out one time step 403 in whole mineral building recovery process.Be construed as, step 403 may need to carry out several times.Only execute for the first time step 403 and could carry out the second time, execute and to carry out for the third time the second time nor be construed as.Be construed as, several times step 403 both can be carried out respectively, also can carry out simultaneously or carry out with overlapping.Because the limitation of text description, the inventor can not find better describing mode, have to describe this step according to the described mode of step 403.

This step has been described the method for three kinds of alternative formation artificial ore pillars equally, and first kind is to fill stone earlier, and cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam reinject; Second kind is to fill together with cement paste or cement mortar with stone; The third is directly to fill with cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam simply.

Technologies such as the slip casting in first kind of scheme, injection moulding all are the technology of comparative maturity, no longer carefully state at this.This scheme optimization ground also can be buried Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube underground in advance before filling stone.

The method that second method is manual is at last basically also no longer carefully stated at this.

The technology of the third method is also common in construction work, also no longer carefully states at this.

Step 404, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

By above-mentioned four steps, can be implemented in the process of exploiting mineral building and progressively studding or fore-set be replaced with artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, and can realize the ore extraction in the mineral building is fallen.Because studding and fore-set are replaced by artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, thereby can improve the recovery ratio of nugget greatly, reduce the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget greatly.

Wherein, fill the scheme of slip casting then or injection moulding with stone, during at the space of described studding, preferably also can form and tumble stone and pile up filling naturally by tumbling stone by the contiguous rock of explosion for the elder generation in the step 403; During at the space of described fore-set, because the fore-set next-door neighbour goes up the tunnel, therefore do not advocate to form tumbling stone and piles up fillings naturally, but, preferably can ship stone from other places and fill by last tunnel owing to being close to upward tunnel by tumbling stone by the contiguous rock of explosion.In addition, no matter be or withstand, preferably can before filling stone, bury Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube in advance underground at studding.Further preferred implementation sees also among first embodiment specific descriptions about the relevant preferred implementation of step 103.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2 couples the 5th embodiment of accompanying drawing.

The 5th embodiment is a kind of mining methods, comprising:

Step 501 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel.

Step 502 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding or fore-set, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding or fore-set.

Step 503, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar; Or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar; Or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar.

About further describing and further preferred implementation of this step, be similar to the step 403 of the 4th embodiment, do not repeat them here.

Step 504, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

Step 505 goes out mine mouth and blocks described.The method that shutoff goes out mine mouth is conventional method, no longer carefully states at this.The purpose that shutoff goes out mine mouth is for the smooth implementation next step, if not shutoff goes out mine mouth, when then implementing next step, filler can be sneaked off.Preferably, the shutoff position can be arranged on out mine mouth bottom, middle part or top etc. according to custom, is provided with gate if go out mine mouth, then closing gate is got final product.

Step 506, fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam from the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar; Or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar.

The purpose that artificial ore pillar is also formed herein at filling mineral building bottom is in order to exploit foundation.When the exploitation foundation, formed herein artificial ore pillar can play the effect of country rock up and down of supporting.If there is not formed artificial ore pillar herein, it is difficult then wanting to exploit foundation.

Technologies such as the slip casting in first kind of scheme, injection moulding all are the technology of comparative maturity, and first embodiment has had detailed description, no longer carefully states at this.This scheme optimization ground also can be buried Grouting Pipe or injection molding tube underground in advance before filling stone.This scheme preferably also can tumble stone by the contiguous rock formation of explosion and pile up filling naturally by tumbling stone when filling the space of mineral building bottom, does not repeat them here.Before the contiguous rock of explosion, be preferably in out some stones of first place mat on the shutoff mouth of mine mouth, so that play the effect that buffering tumbles the impact force of stone.

In this step, the described mineral building bottom that is filled should be much scopes actually, should be determined by concrete condition, determines that the principle of size of principle and definite studding, fore-set is similar, does not further investigate at this.

Preferably, if go out mine mouth at the middle part or lower position implement shutoff, also can go out on the self-styled above space between the mineral building bottom of blocking up of mine mouth to construct artificial ore pillar, used method also is three kinds of above-mentioned schemes.Go out construct artificial ore pillar on the self-styled above space between the mineral building bottom of blocking up of mine mouth after, can obtain better safety guarantee during foundation in exploitation.

Step 507 is exploited described foundation.After process step 506 has been constructed the artificial ore pillar of mineral building bottom, just can exploit foundation safely.The method of exploitation foundation belongs to common mining methods, does not repeat them here.

By above-mentioned seven steps, can be implemented in the process of exploiting mineral building and progressively studding or fore-set be replaced with artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, also can realize the ore extraction in the mineral building is fallen, but also can finally also exploit foundation.Because studding and fore-set all can be replaced by artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, foundation also can be fallen by exploitation, thereby the ore of whole nugget nearly all can fall by exploitation, thereby can improve the recovery ratio of nugget greatly, reduces the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget greatly.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2 couples the 6th embodiment of accompanying drawing.

The 6th embodiment is a kind of mining methods, comprising:

Step 601 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel.

Step 602 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding.

Step 603, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar; Or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone; Or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam.

Step 604, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

Step 605 goes out mine mouth and blocks described.

The step 505 that is similar to the 5th embodiment that further describes about this step does not repeat them here.

Step 606, fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam from the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar; Or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar.

The step 506 that is similar to the 5th embodiment that further describes about this step does not repeat them here.

Step 607 is exploited described foundation.

The step 507 that is similar to the 5th embodiment that further describes about this step does not repeat them here.

By above-mentioned seven steps, can be implemented in the process of exploiting mineral building and progressively studding be replaced with artificial intervening pillar, also can realize the ore extraction in the mineral building is fallen, but also can finally also exploit foundation.Because studding can be replaced by artificial intervening pillar, foundation also can be fallen by exploitation, thereby most of ore of whole nugget all can fall by exploitation, thereby can improve the recovery ratio of nugget, reduces the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget.

Specifically describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2 couples the 7th embodiment of accompanying drawing.

The 7th embodiment is a kind of mining methods, comprising:

Step 701 is divided mineral building and some foundation and some non-foundation type ore pillars in nugget, the position and the size of default each ore pillar are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel.

This process in fact also is the process of design stage.Do not repeat them here.

Step 702 after the exploitation of whole mineral building finishes, goes out mine mouth and blocks described.

About shutoff go out further specifying of mine mouth and further preferred implementation do not repeat them here referring to the step 505 of the 5th embodiment.

Step 703, fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam from the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar; Or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar.

About this step further specify and further preferred implementation do not repeat them here referring to the step 506 of the 5th embodiment.

Step 704 is exploited described foundation.

The step 507 referring to the 5th embodiment of further specifying about this step does not repeat them here.

By above-mentioned four steps, can realize the foundation of nugget is exploited.This method is particularly useful for residual adopting, and promptly for the old stope of having adopted in the past, wherein also has foundation to exist, if also need foundation is also exploited, can adopt this method.After adopting this method to adopt foundation, still can keep the integrality in tunnel down relatively, also improve the recovery ratio of nugget greatly, greatly reduce the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget.

In sum, the most crucial thinking of the present invention is: in the process of exploitation mineral building, after exploiting the next door of intending by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar, described plan is fallen by the ore extraction in the scope of the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar, and construct artificial ore pillar to substitute the permanent ore pillar that causes permanent ore resource loss at the scope internal cause ore wherein of the ore pillar that described plan is substituted by artificial ore pillar in by the space of exploiting and staying with three kinds of methods, continue the exploitation mineral building and finish up to whole mineral building exploitation.Rather than exploit ore pillar again after the exploitation of whole mineral building finished, artificial ore pillar neither be replaced and start anew to exploit mineral building behind all ore pillars of intending substituting again by artificial ore pillar.Need to prove; here three kinds of methods being mentioned also can combine use in the exploitation of same nugget; for example the A ore pillar of same nugget can adopt first method; the B ore pillar can adopt second method; the C ore pillar can adopt the third method; even same ore pillar also can three kinds of methods of integrated application, or the like, such practice also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.Also need to prove; though should be mentioned that, the present invention injects cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam; but same place both had been injected with cement paste also had been injected with cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam; be that same place is injected with two or more material, such technical scheme also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.Also need to prove; though the present invention should be mentioned that with abundant stone and fills together with cement paste or cement mortar; but if fill together with cement paste and cement mortar with abundant stone; or fill together with cement mortar together with the cement paste part with abundant stone part, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.Also need to prove; though the present invention should be mentioned that with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling; but same place is filled with two or more material, and such technical scheme also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.In addition, about the implication of abundant this speech among the present invention, can consult the related description of first embodiment.

Of particular note, method provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for the openstope method in the underground mining technology.

By said method provided by the present invention, can be implemented in the process of exploiting mineral building and progressively the ore ore pillar be replaced with artificial ore pillar, and the ore extraction in the mineral building is fallen.Because the ore ore pillar is replaced by artificial ore pillar, thereby can improve the recovery ratio of nugget greatly, reduces the ore resource permanent loss rate of nugget greatly.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. method that forms artificial ore pillar is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 101 delimited position and the size of intending by the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar in nugget;

Step 102, in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of the ore pillar that the plan of excavating described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar, the ore extraction in the ore pillar scope that the plan of described delimitation is substituted by artificial ore pillar falls;

Step 103, the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant stone is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam make described stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar; Or the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant stone together with cement paste or cement mortar is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar; Or the ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that the plan of filling described delimitation with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is substituted by artificial ore pillar is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar.

2. according to the method for the described formation artificial ore pillar of claim 1, it is characterized in that described stone heap tumbles stone by the contiguous rock formation of explosion and forms by tumbling the stone accumulation.

3. according to the method for the described formation artificial ore pillar of claim 1, it is characterized in that before the filling, the perisporium in described space presets separation layer.

4. according to the method for the described formation artificial ore pillar of claim 1, it is characterized in that before the filling, the perisporium in described space presets steel mesh reinforcement or wire gauze.

5. mining methods is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 201 is divided mineral building and some ore pillars in nugget, the position and the size of default each ore pillar, the ore pillar that these ore pillars are categorized as permanent ore pillar and can be substituted by artificial ore pillar;

Step 202 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting the described ore pillar that can be substituted by artificial ore pillar, can be fallen by the ore extraction in the scope of the alternative ore pillar of artificial ore pillar described;

Step 203, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of the described ore pillar that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the described ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or fill the described ore pillar scope internal cause ore wherein that can substitute by artificial ore pillar by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial ore pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam;

Step 204, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

6. mining methods is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 301 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding;

Step 302 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding;

Step 303, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam;

Step 304, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation.

7. mining methods is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 401 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding;

Step 402 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding or fore-set, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding or fore-set;

Step 403, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar;

8. mining methods is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 501 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel;

Step 502 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding or fore-set, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding or fore-set;

Step 503, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding or fore-set by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar, or the scope internal cause ore wherein of filling described studding or fore-set with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam is by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar or artificial roof pillar;

Step 504, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation;

Step 505 goes out mine mouth and blocks described;

Step 506, fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, from inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or the rigid foam that the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled, make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar;

Step 507 is exploited described foundation.

9. mining methods is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 601 is divided mineral building and some fore-sets, some foundation, some studdings in nugget, the position and the size of default each fore-set, foundation, studding are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel;

Step 602 in the process of exploitation mineral building, behind the next door of exploiting described studding, is fallen the ore extraction in the scope of described studding;

Step 603, fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying with abundant stone, inside that the stone that forms through filling in described space is piled or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam, make described stone heap condense into artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial intervening pillar, or fill the scope internal cause ore wherein of described studding by the space of exploiting and staying, to construct artificial intervening pillar with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam;

Step 604, the mineral building that exploitation is remaining finishes up to whole mineral building exploitation;

Step 605 goes out mine mouth and blocks described;

Step 606, fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, from inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or the rigid foam that the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled, make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar;

Step 607 is exploited described foundation.

10. mining methods is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 701 is divided mineral building and some foundation and some non-foundation type ore pillars in nugget, the position and the size of default each ore pillar are provided with out mine mouth between mineral building bottom and following tunnel;

Step 702 after the exploitation of whole mineral building finishes, goes out mine mouth and blocks described;

Step 703, fill the mineral building bottom with abundant stone, from inside or edge or inner and edge injection cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or the rigid foam that the stone that is filled in the mineral building bottom is piled, make this place's stone heap condense into artificial ore pillar, or fill the mineral building bottom together with cement paste or cement mortar with abundant stone, to construct artificial ore pillar, or with abundant cement paste or cement mortar or foam slurry or foamed cement mortar or rigid foam filling mineral building bottom, to construct artificial ore pillar;

Step 704 is exploited described foundation.