CN101745751B - Welding wire for connection of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy and processing process thereof - Google Patents
Welding wire for connection of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy and processing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101745751B CN101745751B CN2009100734894A CN200910073489A CN101745751B CN 101745751 B CN101745751 B CN 101745751B CN 2009100734894 A CN2009100734894 A CN 2009100734894A CN 200910073489 A CN200910073489 A CN 200910073489A CN 101745751 B CN101745751 B CN 101745751B
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a welding wire for connection of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy and a processing process thereof. The welding wire has a good comprehensive performance, adopts a special element to substitute the Si element, ensures good flow of solder and reduces the brittleness of the compound layer on the joint interface. In the technical scheme, the welding wire is prepared through adding such elements as Ag, Mn, Mg, Ti, Zr and Zn with Al-Cu as a matrix. The processing process of the welding wire comprises stock preparation, melting, component analysis, extrusion, wire drawing and cleaning. The invention has the advantages that: due to the high content of Cu element, the invention can inhibit the growth of the compound layer on the interface, improve the performance of the Al-Fe compound layer, and particularly improves the crack resistance of the compound layer; since the Ag element, the aluminum and the steel all have high affinity, the invention can enhance the flowing property of liquid solder in the steel surface; the Mn and Ti elements can improve the performance of the compound and the flowing property of the solder; the Mg and Zn elements can promote the flowing property of the solder and improve the strength of the welding wire; and the refined grain of Zr can also enhance the strength of the welding wire.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to solder technology, is exactly a kind of welding wire and processing technology thereof that aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connects that be used for specifically.
(2) background technology
In recent years, in order to alleviate energy pressure, reduce production costs, the performance of optimizing structure, aluminium/steel composites structure spare is subjected to paying attention to widely and using in industrial circles such as Aero-Space, automobile making, shipbuilding, yet physical and chemical performance difference is big between the aluminum steel, easily generates the intermetallic compound of fragility in the welding process, adopts the method for traditional melting welding to be difficult to realize both reliable connections.
At present, the laser welding-braze becomes the popular research direction that aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy is connected with electric arc welding-braze (comprising TIG weldering, MIG weldering, CMT weldering).This two classes welding method can realize the strictness control to the sweating heat input, in welding process, low-melting aluminium is in molten state, be the melting welding combination, and dystectic steel does not melt, be the soldering combination, the aluminium (comprising packing material) that its essence is fusing and solid-state steel combine by interfacial reaction, and welding process has both the dual characteristics of melting welding and soldering.
At this two classes welding method, in aluminium/steel welding process, need send aluminium base welding wire to usually, by the fusing of welding wire, wetting and chemical reaction and steel formation boundary layer, realize effective connection of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy.Yet, no matter be Laser Welding, or arc welding, all be a kind of dynamic heat process, have heating-up temperature height, heat time heating time is short, thermograde is big characteristics, there is big difficulty in the wetting and spreading of liquid aluminium base solder on the steel surface.Therefore, in aluminium/steel welding-braze process, filler wire is had very high requirement: the one, the aluminium base solder of fusing is eager to excel in the steel surface mobility, must contain the alloying element high with the steel compatibility in the welding wire; The 2nd, must contain the alloying element that can suppress the Al-Fe compound growth in the welding wire, realize effective control to boundary layer.
Patent of invention (application number 200810063869.5) has been developed " a kind of be used for the welding wire that aluminium and aluminium alloy are connected with steel ", and this welding wire is matrix with Al-Si, add a small amount of alloying element simultaneously and develop.Have high flowability on the steel surface behind this wire melting, elements such as Si, the Mn in the welding wire, La can effectively be controlled the growth of aluminium/steel boundary layer simultaneously.Yet the weak point of this welding wire is to contain high Si content, is generating Al-Fe-Si ternary compound layer at the interface, and aluminium/steel joint fragility is increased, and has reduced the performance of joint.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of good combination property, substitute the Si element, guarantee the solder good fluidity, reduce the welding wire and the processing technology thereof that aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connects that be used for of joint interface compound layer fragility by adding special elements.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the described welding wire that is used for the aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection, it is to be matrix with Al-Cu, interpolation Ag, Mn, Mg, Ti, Zr, Zn element develop, and said composition contains Cu:2.0%～20.0% in mass percent; Ag:0.0%～10.0%; Mn:0.0%～2.0%; Mg:0.0%～1.0%; Ti:0.0%～1.0%; Zr:0.0%～0.5%; Zn:0.0%～0.5%; Other is Al.
The described processing technology that is used for the welding wire of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection, the processing process of welding wire is as follows:
(a) get the raw materials ready: raw material: aluminium, purity 〉=99.7%; Intermediate alloy: copper, silver, manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, zinc and aluminium are smelted into intermediate alloy earlier, with intermediate alloy form batching, reinforced;
(b) melting: preheated crucible, the fine aluminium ingot is put into crucible; After treating that aluminium melts fully, add aluminum bronze, aluminium silver, aluminium manganese, magnalium, aluminium titanium, aluminium zirconium, aluminium zinc intermediate alloy, be heated to 400～800 ℃ of fusions, whole melting casting cycle is all with the protection of ice crystal coverture, with carbon trichloride degasification refining; After the degasification, leave standstill and be cast into ingot casting in 10～15 minutes;
(c) constituent analysis: blank is carried out constituent analysis, determine the actual constituent of blank, compare, determine the volatile quantity of various elements with the assembly of design component of weld wire; To defective blank counting loss amount, melt down heavily refining, up to the assembly ratio that meets setting;
(d) extruding: the blank that will meet the set component assembly is preheating to 450 ℃, is squeezed into the silk base that diameter is 3.0mm with 500 tons of press;
(e) wire drawing: the silk base is drawn into final required diameter with wire drawing machine;
(f) clean: the welding wire of making is cleaned, remove surface and oil contaminant.
A kind of welding wire and processing technology thereof that is used for the aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection of the present invention, its advantage is: high-load Cu element can suppress the growth of interface compound layer, and can improve the performance of Al-Fe compound layer, particularly improves the crack resistance of compound layer; Ag element and aluminium, the steel capital have higher compatibility, strengthen the flowability of liquid solder on the steel surface; Mn, Ti element can improve compounds property, improve the solder flowability; Mg, Zn element can promote the solder flowability, improve welding wire intensity; The Zr crystal grain thinning improves welding wire intensity.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is aluminium alloy of the present invention/stainless steel electric arc welding-braze banjo fixing butt jointing pattern.
(5) specific embodiment
The invention will be further described for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: a kind of welding wire that is used for the aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection of the present invention, and it is to be matrix with Al-Cu, and interpolation Ag, Mn, Mg, Ti, Zr, Zn element develop, and said composition contains Cu:2.0%～20.0% in mass percent; Ag:0.0%～10.0%; Mn:0.0%～2.0%; Mg:0.0%～1.0%; Ti:0.0%～1.0%; Zr:0.0%～0.5%; Zn:0.0%～0.5%; Other is Al.
Described a kind of processing technology that is used for the welding wire of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection, step is as follows:
(a) get the raw materials ready: raw material: aluminium, purity 〉=99.7%; Intermediate alloy: copper, silver, manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, zinc and aluminium are smelted into intermediate alloy earlier, with intermediate alloy form batching, reinforced;
(b) melting: preheated crucible, the fine aluminium ingot is put into crucible; After treating that aluminium melts fully, add aluminum bronze, aluminium silver, aluminium manganese, magnalium, aluminium titanium, aluminium zirconium, aluminium zinc intermediate alloy, be heated to 400～800 ℃ of fusions, whole melting casting cycle is all with the protection of ice crystal coverture, with carbon trichloride degasification refining; After the degasification, leave standstill and be cast into ingot casting in 10～15 minutes;
(c) constituent analysis: blank is carried out constituent analysis, determine the actual constituent of blank, compare, determine the volatile quantity of various elements with the assembly of design component of weld wire; To defective blank counting loss amount, melt down heavily refining, up to the assembly ratio that meets setting;
(d) extruding: the blank that will meet the set component assembly is preheating to 450 ℃, is squeezed into the silk base that diameter is 3.0mm with 500 tons of press;
(e) wire drawing: the silk base is drawn into final required diameter with wire drawing machine;
(f) clean: the welding wire of making is cleaned, remove surface and oil contaminant.
Embodiment 2: in conjunction with Fig. 1, and a kind of welding wire that is used for the aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection of the present invention, component of weld wire is Cu 5.5%～6.5%, and Mn 0.2%～0.4%, and Ti 0.1%～0.2%, Zr0.1%～0.2%, Zn 0.05%～0.1%, the Al surplus.
Adopt the mentioned component welding wire, the good aluminium alloy that obtained to be shaped/stainless steel electric arc welding-braze banjo fixing butt jointing, the joint pattern is as shown in Figure 1.
Component of weld wire is Cu 5.5%～6.5%, and Ag 4.8%～5.8%, and Mn 0.2%～0.4%, and Mg 0.1%～0.2%, and Ti 0.1%～0.2%, and Zr 0.1%～0.2%, and Zn 0.1%～0.2%, the Al surplus.
Adopt the mentioned component welding wire, carry out the experiment of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy TIG welding-braze, the solder good fluidity, welding process is stable, and joint is shaped good.
Component of weld wire is Cu 9.8%～10.8%, and Ag 3.0%～5.0%, and Mn 0.5%～1.0%, and Mg 0.1%～0.3%, and Ti 0.3%～0.5%, the Al surplus.
Component of weld wire is Cu 15.5%～16.5%, and Ag 2.0%～4.0%, and Mn 1.0%～2.0%, and Mg 0.5%～1.0%, and Ti 0.1%～0.2%, and Zr 0.3%～0.5%, and Zn 0.1%～0.3%, the Al surplus.
Component of weld wire is Cu 2.0%～4.0%, and Ag 8.0%～10.0%, and Mn 1.0%～2.0%, and Mg 0.5%～1.0%, and Ti 0.1%～0.2%, and Zr 0.3%～0.5%, and Zn 0.3%～0.5%, the Al surplus.
Embodiment 3: the objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned welding wire defective and provide a kind of combination property better new welding wire, substitute the Si element by adding some other special elementses, when guaranteeing the solder good fluidity, reduce the fragility of joint interface compound layer.
This welding wire is to be matrix with Al-Cu, and interpolation Ag, Mn, Mg, Ti, Zr, Zn element develop, and said composition contains Cu:2.0%～20.0% in mass percent; Ag:0.0%～10.0%; Mn:0.0%～2.0%; Mg:0.0%～1.0%; Ti:0.0%～1.0%; Zr:0.0%～0.5%; Zn:0.0%～0.5%; Other is Al.Aluminium that the present invention is suitable for and aluminium alloy are all aluminium and alloy thereof; The steel that the present invention is suitable for is stainless steel, carbon steel, steel alloy, is specially adapted to stainless steel; The welding method that the present invention is suitable for is arc welding, Laser Welding.
Claims (2)
1. preparation method that is used for the welding wire that aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connects, it is characterized in that: the processing process of welding wire is as follows:
(a) get the raw materials ready: raw material: aluminium, purity 〉=99.7%; Intermediate alloy: copper, silver, manganese, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, zinc and aluminium are smelted into intermediate alloy earlier, with intermediate alloy form batching, reinforced;
(b) melting: preheated crucible, the fine aluminium ingot is put into crucible; After treating that aluminium melts fully, add aluminum bronze, aluminium silver, aluminium manganese, magnalium, aluminium titanium, aluminium zirconium, aluminium zinc intermediate alloy, be heated to 400～800 ℃ of fusions, whole melting casting cycle is all with the protection of ice crystal coverture, with carbon trichloride degasification refining; After the degasification, leave standstill and be cast into ingot casting in 10～15 minutes;
(c) constituent analysis: blank is carried out constituent analysis, determine the actual constituent of blank, compare, determine the volatile quantity of various elements with the assembly of design component of weld wire; To defective blank counting loss amount, melt down heavily refining, up to the assembly ratio that meets setting;
(d) extruding: the blank that will meet the set component assembly is preheating to 450 ℃, is squeezed into the silk base that diameter is 3.0mm with 500 tons of press;
(e) wire drawing: the silk base is drawn into final required diameter with wire drawing machine;
(f) clean: the welding wire of making is cleaned, remove surface and oil contaminant;
Wherein, this component of weld wire contains Cu:5.5%～6.5% in mass percent; Ag:4.8%～5.8%; Mn:0.2%～0.4%; Mg:0.1%～0.2%; Ti:0.1%～0.2%; Zr:0.1%～0.2%; Zn:0.1%～0.2%; Other is Al.
2. a kind of prepared a kind of welding wire that aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connects that is used for of preparation method that is used for the welding wire of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy connection according to claim 1.
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| CN2009100734894A CN101745751B (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2009-12-23 | Welding wire for connection of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy and processing process thereof |
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| CN2009100734894A CN101745751B (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2009-12-23 | Welding wire for connection of aluminum/steel dissimilar alloy and processing process thereof |
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| CN101745751B true CN101745751B (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
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| CN102489805B (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2014-06-04 | 西安交通大学 | in-situ reinforced active liquid-phase diffusion welding method of aluminium base composite and three-element active solder of Al-Cu-Ti system |
| EP2808117B8 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2016-06-15 | MAGNA STEYR Fahrzeugtechnik AG & Co KG | Method of manufacturing a welded connection between a high strengh aluminium part containing copper and another part using the CMT welding process |
| CN103567584A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-12 | 顾建 | Aluminum alloy brazing method and brazing filler metal material |
| CN105665957A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-15 | 东北大学 | Silver-contained aluminum welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN105772988A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Copper-containing aluminum alloy/stainless steel molten brazing flux |
| CN106238957A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 邓柳平 | A kind of corrosion-free aluminium soldering bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN106736009A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽华众焊业有限公司 | For the flux-cored wire of copper aluminium welding |
| CN108381061A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-10 | 山东交通学院 | Stablize the extraordinary brazing flux of the molten soldering of aluminium/steel electric arc and application method of alternating current arc |
| CN111112872B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-04-20 | 上海交通大学 | Welding wire for high-strength 7xxx aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113073242B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-05-03 | 鹰潭市林兴建材有限公司 | Production method of aluminum alloy material with good conductivity |
| CN114012305A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | Welding wire for spray forming of aluminum-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114086043A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Ag-reinforced Al-Cu composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114850709A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-08-05 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Welding method for stainless steel/aluminum alloy dissimilar metal pipeline |
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