CN101745716B - Electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method - Google Patents
Electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101745716B CN101745716B CN200910224534.1A CN200910224534A CN101745716B CN 101745716 B CN101745716 B CN 101745716B CN 200910224534 A CN200910224534 A CN 200910224534A CN 101745716 B CN101745716 B CN 101745716B
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method, in which, the electric arc length periodically swings at the low-frequency switching frequency to weld. In the method, when a welding wire is fed, the peak value current HIp, LIp in the peak value period HTp and LTp and the base value current HIb and LIb in the base value period HTb and LTb are alternately switched on repeatedly, and the peak value period and/or peak value current are/is changed at the switching frequency, thereby the electric arc length periodically swings to weld, in the period (Ts) from the beginning time of the welding to the predetermined initial stage, the switching frequency (initial frequency fs) value is set to be less than the predetermined conventional frequency ft in the subsequentconventional period. Therefore, a fusion pool can be fully stirred in the beginning of the welding, and the air holes can be reduced. Thus, the air holes generated in the welding channel in the beginning part of the welding can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by making arc length swing to stir fusion pool with low frequency, thereby can suppress the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the generation of pore.
Background technology
With constant speed, give welding wire, and the peak point current of alternate repetition in connecting between the peak period and the base current during basic value, by making between the above-mentioned peak period with switching frequency and/or peak point current changes, thereby the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method that makes arc length periodically swing to weld in height direction is widely used.As this welding method, have for aluminum and can form in appearance at welding bead (Bead) feature of beautiful weld ripples decorative pattern.In addition, in this welding method, if switching frequency is set as to low frequency, can stirs fusion pool by the variation that swings arc force together with arc length, and reduce the generation of pore and pit (merge and be called pore) below.Below, this electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method is described.
Fig. 5 means the oscillogram of arc length swing pulse welding method in conventional art.This figure (A) represents that this figure (B) represents welding current Iw for making the switching signal Stc of arc length periodic wobble, and this figure (C) represents weldingvoltage Vw, and this figure (D) represents arc length La.Below, with reference to this figure, describe.
As shown in this figure (A), switching signal Stc is high level (High level) in HT during the high arc length of predetermining, and is low level (Low Level) during the low arc length of predetermining in LT.By LT during HT and low arc length during this high arc length be added together obtain during, be switching cycle Tc.Therefore, switching frequency is fc=1/Tc.
As shown in this figure (B), during high arc length in HT, connect the high impulse electric current group that the higher baseline electric current HIb in HTb forms during high peak current HIp in HTp during peak value and higher baseline value.HTb during HTp during this peak value and higher baseline value is added together and becomes high impulse cycle H Tf.And as shown in this figure (C), to connection that should high impulse electric current group, during peak value, in HTp, peak voltage HVp is applied between welding wire, mother metal, applies higher baseline threshold voltage HVb during higher baseline value in HTb.
As shown in this figure (B), during low arc length in LT, connect the low pulse current group that the low basic value electric current LIb in LTb forms during low peak current LIp in LTp during low peak and low basic value.LTb during LTp during this low peak and low basic value is added together and becomes low pulse period LTf.And as shown in this figure (C), to connection that should low pulse current group, during low peak, in LTp, lower peak voltages LVp is applied between welding wire, mother metal, applies low basic value voltage LVb during low basic value in LTb.
In above-mentioned record, LTp, low peak current LIp and low basic value electric current LIb during HTp, high peak current HIp, higher baseline value electric current HIb, low peak during peak value, be set to setting in advance.And the mode equating with the voltage setting value of predetermining with the mean value of weldingvoltage Vw, determines above-mentioned high impulse cycle H Tf and low pulse period LTf by FEEDBACK CONTROL.This control is called as frequency modulation(PFM) and controls.This frequency modulation(PFM) is controlled, and is in order the source of welding current to be set as be applicable to the constant voltage characteristic of consumable electrode type arc welding.
At this, by setting during peak value, HTp is greater than during low peak LTp and/or high peak current HIp is greater than low peak current LIp, can make arc length La swing.That is to say, as shown in figure (D), be high arc length HLa in HT during high arc length, is low arc length LLa during low arc length in LT.Like this, can make arc length periodically swing with switching cycle Tc (switching frequency fc).
No. 2993174 communique of [patent documentation 1] patent.
Welding is when galvanized steel plain sheet, and the problem of existence is, because electric arc temperature zinc becomes steam, to enter fusion pool inner and solidify, and produces a lot of pores.In pulse electric arc welding, be also same.During to this galvanized steel plain sheet using electric arc length of oscillatory pulse arc welding method, thereby owing to stirring fusion pool by switching frequency fc being set as to the low frequency of the scope of 20～50Hz, the zinc fume that enters fusion pool inside can be discharged into outside, therefore can reduce the generation of pore.
As mentioned above, by electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc, weld galvanized steel plain sheet, can reduce the pore of the welding bead of the conventional part except welding beginning.But, in the welding method of the conventional art, sometimes can not reduce the pore producing in the welding bead of welding beginning, this situation becomes welding quality situation problem.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the invention is, provide a kind of in the welding of galvanized steel plain sheet, can reduce the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the pore producing in the welding bead of welding beginning.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, in the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the 1st invention, when giving welding wire, basic value electric current in during the peak point current of alternate repetition in connecting between the peak period and basic value, with switching frequency, make between the described peak period and/or peak point current changes, thereby arc length periodic wobble is welded, during the initial stage of predetermining the zero hour from welding, above-mentioned switching frequency is set as to the lower value of conventional frequency of predetermining than conventional duration thereafter.
The 2nd invention, is in the described electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the 1st invention, and the above-mentioned switching frequency in during the above-mentioned initial stage, is the initial stage frequency that is redefined for the steady state value of the value lower than described conventional frequency.
The 3rd invention, in the described electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the 1st invention, described switching frequency in during the above-mentioned initial stage, welding the zero hour, it is the initial stage frequency of predetermining, along with the time is through uprising gradually, the moment through (end) during the above-mentioned initial stage becomes described conventional frequency.
According to the present invention, thereby make in electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method that the swing in arc length cycle welds with switching frequency, during the initial stage of predetermining the zero hour from welding, switching frequency is set as to the lower value of conventional frequency of predetermining than conventional duration thereafter.Thus, can reduce the pore producing in the welding bead of welding beginning, can to welding end portion, form sound welding bead from welding start portion.Have again, according to above-mentioned the 3rd invention, can be by by the switching frequency in during the initial stage, to set to the mode of the continuous raising of conventional frequency from initial stage frequency, thereby reduce the impact that the variation of switching frequency brings the variation of welding bead outward appearance.Description of drawings 1 means that of the present invention is the welding of the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method in the embodiment welding current waveform figure while starting.Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the source of welding current in embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 3 means the figure of an example of switching frequency setting function built-in in the switching frequency initialization circuit FCR of Fig. 2.Fig. 4 means the figure that sets the example that Fig. 3 of function is different from switching frequency built-in in switching frequency initialization circuit FCR at Fig. 2.Fig. 5 means the current-voltage waveform figure of arc length swing pulse welding method in the prior art.In figure: 1-welding wire, 2-mother metal, 3-electric arc, 4-welding torch, 5-gives roller bearing, DR-time ratio initialization circuit, Dr-time ratio setting signal, EI-current error amplifying circuit, Ei-current error amplifying signal, EV-voltage error amplifying circuit, Ev-voltage error amplifying signal, fc-switching frequency, FCR-switching frequency initialization circuit, Fcr-switching frequency setting signal, fs-initial stage frequency, the conventional frequency of ft-, HIb-higher baseline value electric current (setting value), HIp-high peak current (setting value), the high arc length of HLa-, during the high arc length of HT-, during HTb-higher baseline value, during HTf-high impulse, during HTp-peak value (setting value), during the high arc length of HTs-(in during the initial stage), during the high arc length of HTt-(in conventional duration), HVb-higher baseline threshold voltage, HVp-peak voltage, IBR-basic value current setting circuit, Ibr-basic value current settings signal, ICR-Current Control initialization circuit, Icr-Current Control setting signal, ID-current detection circuit, Id-current detection signal, IPR-peak point current initialization circuit, Ipr-peak point current setting signal, Iw-welding current, La-arc length, welding bead length during the Lb-initial stage, the low basic value electric current of LIb-(setting value), LIp-low peak current (setting value), the low arc length of LLa-, during the low arc length of LT-, during the low basic value of LTb-, the low pulse period of LTf-, during LTp-low peak (setting value), during the low arc length of LTs-(in during the initial stage), during the low arc length of LTt-(in conventional duration), the low basic value voltage of LVb-, LVp-lower peak voltages, PM-electric power main circuit, ST-welding starts circuit, St-welds commencing signal, STC-switching signal generative circuit, Stc-switching signal, Tc-switching cycle, the Tf-pulse period (signal), TP-timer circuit between the peak period, Tp-signal between the peak period, TPR-initialization circuit between the peak period, Tpr-setting signal between the peak period, during the Ts-initial stage, initialization circuit during the TSR-initial stage, setting signal during the Tsr-initial stage, the TW-elapsed time is measured circuit, the Tw-elapsed time (signal), VAV-average voltage counting circuit, Vav-average voltage value signal, VD-voltage detecting circuit, Vd-voltage detection signal, VF-voltage-frequency conversion circuit, VR-voltage setting circuit, Vr-voltage setting signal, VW-weldingvoltage, WM-gives motor, Ws-gives speed.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 means the welding current waveform figure when welding of the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method in embodiments of the present invention starts.Below, with reference to this figure, describe.
At moment t1, after the welding wire being fed to contacts with mother metal, produce electric arc and start welding.In this article, so-called welding zero hour, refer to the moment that produces electric arc and start to connect welding current.Till playing the moment t2 through specified time limit the zero hour from the welding of moment t1, be Ts during the initial stage.During initial stage Ts later during be conventional duration.Switching cycle during initial stage in Ts is initial stage switching cycle, and the switching cycle in conventional duration is conventional switching cycle.Because frequency is the inverse in cycle, so during the initial stage, the switching frequency of Ts is initial stage frequency f s, and the switching frequency in conventional duration is conventional switching frequency ft.At this, set ts and be less than ft.As mentioned above, the effect reducing in order to play pore for galvanized steel plain sheet, above-mentioned conventional frequency f t is in the scope of 20～50Hz, and the welding condition of giving the thickness, seam shape etc. of speed, mother metal zinc coat according to welding wire is set as appropriate value.To this, above-mentioned initial stage period frequency fs, is set as appropriate value in the scope of 5～15Hz according to welding condition.
As shown in the drawing, during initial stage in Ts, during high arc length in HTs, the connection high impulse electric current group that the higher baseline value electric current HIb of HTb forms during the high peak current HIp of HTp and higher baseline value during by peak value, next during low arc length in LTs, the connection low pulse current group that the low basic value electric current LIb of LTb forms during the low peak current LIp of LTp and low basic value during by low peak, these connections are carried out repeatedly with above-mentioned initial stage frequency f s.Equally, in conventional duration, connect high impulse electric current group during high arc length in HTt, next during low pulse length, in LTt, connect low pulse current group, these connections are carried out repeatedly with above-mentioned conventional frequency f t.At this, in the situation that the time ratio during high arc length and during low arc length is 50%, draw HTs=LTs=1/2fs, HTt=LTt=1/2ft.
By initial stage frequency f s is set as to the frequency lower than conventional frequency f t, can reduce the reasons are as follows of in the welding bead of the welding beginning pore that produces.That is to say, the fusion pool in welding start portion, due to also in forming process, so its size is less.Therefore,, even stir fusion pool with the conventional frequency f t identical with conventional duration, also can not stir smoothly fusion pool because frequency is too high.Therefore, if must be low by frequency setting, with the initial stage frequency lower than conventional duration, stir fusion pool, fusion pool just can be stirred smoothly.As a result, the zinc fume that enters into fusion pool inside can be discharged to outside, can reduce the generation of pore.Ts during the above-mentioned initial stage, is set as playing from welding start portion the required time of welding bead that forms 1～5cm left and right.Therefore,, if welding bead length is made as to Lb (cm), speed of welding is made as to Ws (cm/min), Ts=60Lb/Ws during the initial stage.If enumerate numerical example, when establishing Lb=2cm, Ws=60cm/min, Ts=2 second during the initial stage.
Below, represent to weld by the present invention an example of the welding condition in the situation of galvanized steel plain sheet.Mother metal: the galvanized steel plain sheet that thickness is 3mm, seam shape: angle overlap weld seam, welding wire: the pulse electric arc welding steel wire that diameter is 1.2mm, protection gas: argon gas 80%+ carbon dioxide 20%, speed of welding 80cm/min, welding wire is given speed: 7.2m/min, average welding current: 220A, average weldingvoltage: 24V, initial stage frequency f s:6Hz, conventional frequency f t:20Hz, initial stage cycle T s:2 second, HTp:1.6ms during peak value, high peak current HIp:500A, higher baseline value electric current HIb:50A, LTp:1.4ms during low peak, low peak current LIp:480A, low basic value electric current LIb:40A is by welding according to above-mentioned welding condition, the pore producing in welding beginning can be reduced to no problem qualitatively level.Certainly, from routine part to welding latter end, also can both form sound welding bead.
Fig. 2 is for implementing the block diagram of the source of welding current of the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of above-mentioned embodiment.Below, with reference to this figure, each several part is described.
Electric power main circuit PM, using the source power supply of three-phase 200V etc. as input, converts according to the current error amplifying signal Ei narrating the output that (inverter) control etc. below and controls, and export weldingvoltage Vw and welding current Iw.This electric power main circuit PM, with omission, but consists of following several parts in diagram.Respectively: a rectification circuit, carries out rectification to source power supply; Electric capacity, carries out smoothly the direct current after rectification; Converter circuit, is converted to high-frequency alternating current by the direct current after level and smooth; Transformer, the magnitude of voltage by the step-down of high-frequency alternating current for applicable arc welding; Secondary rectification circuit, carries out rectification to the high-frequency alternating current after step-down; Reactor, carries out smoothly the direct current after rectification; Modulation circuit, carries out pulse amplitude modulation control using above-mentioned current error amplifying signal Ei as input; Drive circuit, drives above-mentioned converter circuit according to modulation signal.Welding wire 1, gives roller bearing 5 by what give that motor WM connects, by being fed in welding torch 4, and produces electric arc 3 between mother metal 2.Omit the block diagram that it is given about welding wire.
Voltage detecting circuit VD, detects above-mentioned weldingvoltage Vw, and voltage sense signal Vd.Average voltage counting circuit VAV, calculates the mean value of this voltage detection signal Vd output voltage average value signal Vav.Voltage setting circuit VR, the voltage setting signal Vr that output is predetermined.Voltage error amplifying circuit EV, the error of amplifying above-mentioned voltage setting signal Vr and above-mentioned average voltage value signal Vav, and output voltage error amplifying signal Ev.Voltage-frequency conversion circuit VF, using this voltage error amplifying signal Ev as input, output has the pulse-period signal Tf to the proportional frequency of value of this signal.That is to say that this pulse-period signal Tf is in each short time pulse period, to become the signal of high level.
Welding starts circuit ST, and output becomes the welding commencing signal St of high level when welding starts.Current detection circuit ID, detects above-mentioned welding current Iw, and output electric current measure signal Id.Elapsed time is measured circuit TW, using above-mentioned welding commencing signal St and above-mentioned current detection signal Id as input, calculating becomes high level from welding commencing signal St, and the moment that current detection signal Id becomes more than a reference value is played the elapsed time of (the welding zero hour), and exports elapsed time signal Tw.More than the value of current detection signal Id becomes a reference value, mean that welding current Iw starts to connect.
Initialization circuit TSR during initial stage, setting signal Tsr during the initial stage that output is predetermined.Switching frequency initialization circuit FCR, during above-mentioned elapsed time signal Tw and above-mentioned initial stage setting signal Tsr as input, the switching frequency setting signal Fcr that output is set function and changed along with the elapsed time according to the switching frequency of predetermining.About setting function during this initial stage, in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, narrate in the back.Time ratio initialization circuit DR, output is with " during the high arc length of time ratio (%)=100/(during high arc length+low arc length during) " defined time ratio setting signal Dr.That is to say, time ratio setting signal Dr, be set high arc length during and the signal of the dutycycle during low arc length.Switching signal generative circuit STC, using above-mentioned switching frequency setting signal Fcr and above-mentioned time ratio setting signal Dr as input, during calculating high arc length=Dr/100Fcr, and during low arc length=(100-DR)/100Fcr, output is high level during the high arc length calculating, then during the low arc length calculating, be low level, repeatedly replace afterwards their switching signal Stc.Therefore, when this switching signal Stc is high level, during high arc length, during during low level being low arc length.And, will during high arc length and during low arc length, be combined and become switching cycle (1/ switching frequency).
Initialization circuit TPR between the peak period, during the low peak that sets value HTp and predetermine during above-mentioned switching signal Stc, the peak value predetermined, set value LTp as input, when switching signal Str is high level (during high arc length), output becomes setting signal TPr between the peak period that sets value HTp during above-mentioned peak value, and during low level (during low arc length), output becomes setting signal TPr between peak period of above-mentioned low peak setting value LTp.Timer circuit TP between the peak period, using between this peak period, setting signal TPr and above-mentioned pulse-period signal Tf are as input, moment of high level that output is changed to the short time from pulse-period signal Tf, by being high level during setting signal TPr defined between the peak period, be signal Tp between the low level peak period during in addition.Therefore, signal Tp between this peak period, be between the peak period in for high level, be low level signal in during basic value.
Peak point current setting signal IPR, using above-mentioned switching signal Stc, the high peak current setting value HIp predetermining and the low peak current setting value LIp that predetermines as input, when switching signal Stc is high level (during high arc length), output becomes the peak point current setting signal Ipr of above-mentioned peak value circuit setting value HIp, and during low level (during low arc length), output becomes the peak point current setting signal Ipr of above-mentioned low peak current setting value LIp.Basic value current setting circuit IBR, using above-mentioned switching signal Stc, the higher baseline value current setting value HIb predetermining and the low basic value current setting value LIb that predetermines as input, when switching signal Stc is high level (during high arc length), output becomes the basic value current settings signal Ibr of above-mentioned higher baseline value current setting value HIb, and during low level (during low arc length), output becomes the basic value current settings signal Ibr of above-mentioned low basic value setting value LIb.Current Control initialization circuit ICR, using between the above-mentioned peak period, signal Tp, above-mentioned peak point current setting signal Ipr and above-mentioned basic value current settings signal Ibr are as input, between the peak period, signal Tp is that high level is when (between the peak period), using above-mentioned peak value circuit setting signal Ipr as circuit, control setting signal Icr output, during low level (during basic value), above-mentioned basic value current settings signal Ibr is exported as Current Control setting signal Icr.Current error amplifying circuit EI, the error of amplifying above-mentioned Current Control setting signal Icr and above-mentioned current detection signal Id, and output current error amplification signal Ei.By these circuit structures, turn on the welding current waveform described in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 means the figure of an example of switching frequency setting function built-in in above-mentioned switching frequency initialization circuit FCR.The transverse axis of this figure represents elapsed time Tw (second), and the longitudinal axis represents switching frequency setting signal Fcr (Hz).In the figure, the moment of Tw=0 is the welding zero hour.In addition, Tsr represents setting signal (second) during the initial stage.Function is following form.Wherein, fs is the initial stage frequency of predetermining to 0≤Tw < Tsr Fcr=fsTsr≤Tw Fcr=ft, and ft is the conventional frequency of predetermining, fs < ft.This figure is the situation of Tsr=2 second, fs=5Hz and ft=30Hz.
Fig. 4 means the figure that sets the example that Fig. 3 of function is different from switching frequency built-in in switching frequency initialization circuit FCR above-mentioned.The transverse axis of this figure represents elapsed time Tw (second), and the longitudinal axis represents switching frequency setting signal Fcr (Hz).In the figure, the moment of Tw=0 is the welding zero hour.In addition, Tsr represents setting signal (second) during the initial stage.Function is following form.Wherein, fs is the initial stage frequency of predetermining to 0≤Tw < Tsr Fcr=((ft-fs)/Tsr)+fsTsr≤Tw Fcr=ft, and ft is the conventional frequency of predetermining, fs < ft.This figure is the situation of Tsr=2 second, fs=5Hz and ft=30Hz.Although linearly increase in this figure, also can increase by curve-like.
According to above-mentioned embodiment, thereby in the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method of welding in the swing that makes the arc length cycle with switching frequency, from welding zero hour during the initial stage of predetermining, switching frequency is set as to the lower value of conventional frequency of predetermining than conventional duration thereafter.Thus, can reduce the pore producing in the welding bead of welding beginning, can be until welding end portion forms sound welding bead from welding start portion.Have again, as shown in Figure 4, can be by by the switching frequency in during the initial stage, to set to the mode of the continuous raising of conventional frequency from switching frequency, thereby reduce the impact that the variation of switching frequency brings welding bead outward appearance.
Although in the above-described embodiment, take to applying situation of the present invention in DC pulse arc-welding method as example is illustrated, also can be applied to AC pulse arc welding method.
Claims (3)
1. an electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method, by giving welding wire, and by come the long-standing energising of the high electric arc of alternate repetition and the long-standing energising of low electric arc with switching frequency, thereby arc length periodic wobble is welded, it is characterized in that
During predetermining the zero hour from welding during the initial stage, during later during this initial stage, be made as in the situation of conventional duration, the value of the switching frequency in during the described initial stage is set as lower than the conventional frequency of predetermining of described conventional duration.
2. electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described switching frequency in during the described initial stage is the initial stage frequency that is redefined for the steady state value lower than described conventional frequency.
3. electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described switching frequency in during the described initial stage, is the initial stage frequency of predetermining welding the zero hour, along with the time is through uprising gradually, in the moment through during the described initial stage, is described conventional frequency.
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| JP6666098B2 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2020-03-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High current pulse arc welding method and flux cored welding wire |
| US11815127B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2023-11-14 | Posco Co., Ltd | Welded member for plated steel plate excellent in weld zone porosity resistance and fatigue properties and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN110839341A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2020-02-25 | 株式会社Posco | Welded member of plated steel sheet having excellent weld porosity resistance and fatigue characteristics, and method for producing same |
| CN113369640B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-08-16 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controlling stirring and balanced oscillation of deep-melting K-TIG welding pool |
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| JP2010142823A (en) | 2010-07-01 |
| CN101745716A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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