CN101745716A - Electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method - Google Patents
Electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method, in which, the electric arc length periodically swings at the low-frequency switching frequency to weld. In the method, when a welding wire is fed, the peak value current HIp, LIp in the peak value period HTp and LTp and the base value current HIb and LIb in the base value period HTb and LTb are alternately switched on repeatedly, and the peak value period and/or peak value current are/is changed at the switching frequency, thereby the electric arc length periodically swings to weld, in the period (Ts) from the beginning time of the welding to the predetermined initial stage, the switching frequency (initial frequency fs) value is set to be less than the predetermined conventional frequency ft in the subsequentconventional period. Therefore, a fusion pool can be fully stirred in the beginning of the welding, and the air holes can be reduced. Thus, the air holes generated in the welding channel in the beginning part of the welding can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly stir fusion pool, thereby can suppress the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of air holes by arc length is swung with low frequency.
Background technology
Give welding wire with constant speed, and peak point current during alternate repetition is connected between the peak period and the base current during the basic value, by making with switching frequency between the above-mentioned peak period and/or peak point current changes, used widely thereby make arc length periodically swing the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method of welding in the height direction.As this welding method, have the advantages that to form beautiful weld ripples decorative pattern in appearance at welding bead (Bead) for aluminum.In addition, in this welding method, if switching frequency is set at low frequency, then can be by stirring fusion pool with the variation of arc length swing arc force together, and reduce the generation of pore and pit (following merging is called pore).Below, this electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method is described.
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram of arc length swing pulse welding method in the expression conventional art.This figure (A) expression is used to make the switching signal Stc of arc length periodic wobble, this figure (B) expression welding current Iw, this figure (C) expression weldingvoltage Vw, this figure (D) expression arc length La.Below, describe with reference to this figure.
Shown in this figure (A), switching signal Stc is high level (High level) among the HT during the high arc length of predesignating, and is low level (Low Level) during the low arc length of predesignating among the LT.With LT during HT and the low arc length during this high arc length add obtain together during, be switching cycle Tc.Therefore, switching frequency is fc=1/Tc.
Shown in this figure (B), among the HT, connect the high impulse electric current group who forms by the higher baseline electric current HIb among the HTb during high peak current HIp among the HTp during the peak value and the higher baseline value during the high arc length.HTb during HTp during this peak value and the higher baseline value added becomes high impulse cycle H Tf together.And shown in this figure (C), to connection that should high impulse electric current group, peak voltage HVp is applied between welding wire, the mother metal among the HTp during peak value, applies higher baseline threshold voltage HVb during the higher baseline value among the HTb.
Shown in this figure (B), among the LT, connect the low pulse current group who forms by the low basic value electric current LIb among the LTb during low peak current LIp among the LTp during the low peak and the low basic value during the low arc length.LTb during LTp during this low peak and the low basic value added becomes low pulse period LTf together.And shown in this figure (C), to hanging down pulse current group's connection, lower peak voltages LVp is applied between welding wire, the mother metal among the LTp during low peak, applies low basic value voltage LVb during low basic value among the LTb.
In the above-mentioned record, LTp, low peak current LIp and low basic value electric current LIb during HTp, high peak current HIp, higher baseline value electric current HIb, the low peak during the peak value are set to setting in advance.And,, determine above-mentioned high impulse cycle H Tf and low pulse period LTf by FEEDBACK CONTROL in the mode that the mean value of weldingvoltage Vw equates with the voltage setting value of predesignating.This control is called as frequency modulation(PFM) control.This frequency modulation(PFM) control is the constant voltage characteristic that is fit to the consumable electrode type arc welding for the source of welding current is set at.
At this, by set during the peak value HTp greater than low peak during LTp and/or high peak current HIp greater than low peak current LIp, arc length La is swung.That is to say, shown in figure (D), be high arc length HLa among the HT during high arc length, is low arc length LLa during low arc length among the LT.Like this, arc length is periodically swung with switching cycle Tc (switching frequency fc).
No. 2993174 communique of [patent documentation 1] patent.
Welding is galvanized steel plain sheet the time, and the problem of existence is, to enter fusion pool inner and solidify because electric arc temperature zinc becomes steam, produces a lot of pores.In the pulsed arc welding also is same.During to this galvanized steel plain sheet using electric arc length of oscillatory pulse arc welding method, because thereby the low frequency of the scope by switching frequency fc being set at 20～50Hz is stirred fusion pool, the zinc fume that can will enter fusion pool inside is discharged into the outside, therefore can reduce air holes.
As mentioned above, by electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding galvanized steel plain sheet, can reduce the pore of the welding bead of the conventional part except that welding beginning part.But, in the welding method of the conventional art, can not reduce the pore that produces in the welding bead of welding beginning part sometimes, this situation becomes welding quality situation problem.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is, provide a kind of in the welding of galvanized steel plain sheet, can reduce the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the pore that in the welding bead of welding beginning part, produces.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, in the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the 1st invention, when giving welding wire, basic value electric current in during peak point current during alternate repetition is connected between the peak period and the basic value, come to make between the described peak period and/or peak point current changes with switching frequency, thereby the arc length periodic wobble is welded, during the initial stage of predesignating the zero hour from welding, above-mentioned switching frequency is set at the lower value of predesignating of conventional frequency than thereafter conventional duration.
The 2nd invention is that the above-mentioned switching frequency in during the above-mentioned initial stage is the initial stage frequency that is redefined for the steady state value of the value lower than described conventional frequency in the described electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the 1st invention.
The 3rd invention, be in the described electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of the 1st invention, described switching frequency in during the above-mentioned initial stage, welding the zero hour is the initial stage frequency of predesignating, along with effluxion uprises gradually, the moment through (end) during the above-mentioned initial stage becomes described conventional frequency.
According to the present invention, thereby make in the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method that the swing in arc length cycle welds with switching frequency, during the initial stage that welding is predesignated the zero hour, switching frequency is set at the lower value of predesignating of conventional frequency than thereafter conventional duration.Thus, can reduce the pore that produces in the welding bead of welding beginning part, can form sound welding bead to welding end portion from welding beginning portion.Have again, according to above-mentioned the 3rd invention, can be by with the switching frequency in during the initial stage, setting to the mode of the continuous raising of conventional frequency from the initial stage frequency, thus the influence that the variation that reduces switching frequency brings the variation of welding bead outward appearance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be expression of the present invention be the welding of the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method in the embodiment welding current waveform figure when beginning.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the source of welding current in the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the figure that switching frequency built-in among the switching frequency initialization circuit FCR of Fig. 2 is set an example of function.
Fig. 4 is the figure that represents an example different with Fig. 3 of switching frequency built-in in the switching frequency initialization circuit FCR of Fig. 2 setting function.
Fig. 5 is the current-voltage waveform figure that represents arc length swing pulse welding method in the prior art.
Among the figure: the 1-welding wire, the 2-mother metal, 3-electric arc, the 4-welding torch, 5-gives roller bearing, DR-time ratio initialization circuit, Dr-time ratio setting signal, EI-current error amplifying circuit, Ei-current error amplifying signal, EV-voltage error amplifying circuit, Ev-voltage error amplifying signal, the fc-switching frequency, FCR-switching frequency initialization circuit, Fcr-switching frequency setting signal, fs-initial stage frequency, the conventional frequency of ft-, HIb-higher baseline value electric current (setting value), HIp-high peak current (setting value), the high arc length of HLa-, during the high arc length of HT-, during the HTb-higher baseline value, during the HTf-high impulse, during the HTp-peak value (setting value), during the high arc length of HTs-(in during the initial stage), during the high arc length of HTt-(in the conventional duration), HVb-higher baseline threshold voltage, the HVp-peak voltage, IBR-basic value current setting circuit, Ibr-basic value current settings signal, ICR-Current Control initialization circuit, Icr-Current Control setting signal, ID-current detection circuit, Id-current detection signal, IPR-peak point current initialization circuit, Ipr-peak point current setting signal, Iw-welding current, La-arc length, welding bead length during the Lb-initial stage, LIb-hangs down basic value electric current (setting value), LIp-low peak current (setting value), and LLa-hangs down arc length, during the low arc length of LT-, during the low basic value of LTb-, LTf-hangs down the pulse period, during the LTp-low peak (setting value), LTs-(in during the initial stage) hang down during the arc length, LTt-(in the conventional duration) hang down during the arc length, LVb-hangs down basic value voltage, LVp-lower peak voltages, the PM-electric power main circuit, ST-welding beginning circuit, St-welds commencing signal, STC-switching signal generative circuit, the Stc-switching signal, the Tc-switching cycle, Tf-pulse period (signal), TP-timer circuit between the peak period, Tp-signal between the peak period, TPR-initialization circuit between the peak period, Tpr-setting signal between the peak period is during the Ts-initial stage, initialization circuit during the TSR-initial stage, setting signal during the Tsr-initial stage, the TW-elapsed time is measured circuit, the Tw-elapsed time (signal), VAV-average voltage counting circuit, Vav-average voltage signal, VD-voltage detecting circuit, Vd-voltage detection signal, VF-voltage-frequency conversion circuit, the VR-voltage setting circuit, Vr-voltage setting signal, VW-weldingvoltage, WM-gives motor, and Ws-gives speed.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the welding current waveform figure of the welding of the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of expression in the embodiments of the present invention when beginning.Below, describe with reference to this figure.
At moment t1, the welding wire that is fed to contacts the back and produces electric arc and begin welding with mother metal.In this article, so-called welding zero hour, be meant the moment that produces electric arc and begin to connect welding current.Play through till the moment t2 of specified time limit the zero hour from the welding of moment t1, be Ts during the initial stage.During initial stage Ts later during be conventional duration.Switching cycle during initial stage among the Ts is the initial stage switching cycle, and the switching cycle in the conventional duration is conventional switching cycle.Because frequency is the inverse in cycle, so the switching frequency of Ts is initial stage frequency f s during the initial stage, the switching frequency in the conventional duration is conventional switching frequency ft.At this, set fs less than ft.As mentioned above, in order to play the effect that pore reduces for galvanized steel plain sheet, above-mentioned conventional frequency f t is in the scope of 20～50Hz, and the welding condition of giving the thickness, seam shape etc. of speed, mother metal zinc coat according to welding wire is set at appropriate value.To this, above-mentioned initial stage period frequency fs is set at appropriate value in the scope of 5～15Hz according to welding condition.
As shown in the drawing, during initial stage among the Ts, during high arc length among the HTs, the connection high impulse electric current group that the higher baseline value electric current HIb of HTb forms during the high peak current HIp of HTp and the higher baseline value during by peak value, next during low arc length among the LTs, the connection low pulse current group that the low basic value electric current LIb of LTb forms during the low peak current LIp of LTp and the low basic value during by low peak, these connections are carried out repeatedly with above-mentioned initial stage frequency f s.Equally, in the conventional duration, connect high impulse electric current group among the HTt during high arc length, next connect low pulse current group among the LTt during low pulse length, these connections are carried out repeatedly with above-mentioned conventional frequency f t.At this, during the high arc length and the time ratio during the low arc length be under 50% the situation, draw HTs=LTs=1/2fs, HTt=LTt=1/2ft.
By initial stage frequency f s is set at the frequency lower than conventional frequency f t, can reduce the reasons are as follows of the pore that in the welding bead of welding beginning part, produces.That is to say, the fusion pool in welding beginning portion, because also in forming process, so its size is less.Therefore, even stir fusion pool, also can not stir fusion pool smoothly because of frequency is too high with the conventional frequency f t identical with conventional duration.Therefore, if must be low with frequency setting, stir fusion pool with the initial stage frequency lower than conventional duration, fusion pool just can be stirred smoothly.As a result, the zinc fume that enters into fusion pool inside the outside can be discharged to, air holes can be reduced.Ts during the above-mentioned initial stage is set at from welding beginning portion and plays the required time of welding bead that forms about 1～5cm.Therefore, if welding bead length is made as Lb (cm), speed of welding is made as Ws (cm/min), then Ts=60Lb/Ws during the initial stage.If enumerate numerical example, then when establishing Lb=2cm, Ws=60cm/min, Ts=2 second during the initial stage.
Below, an example of the welding condition under the situation of galvanized steel plain sheet is welded in expression by the present invention.
Mother metal: thickness is the galvanized steel plain sheet of 3mm; seam shape: angle overlap weld seam; welding wire: diameter is the pulsed arc welding steel wire of 1.2mm; protection gas: argon gas 80%+ carbon dioxide 20%; speed of welding 80cm/min, welding wire is given speed: 7.2m/min, average welding current: 220A; average weldingvoltage: 24V; initial stage frequency f s:6Hz, conventional frequency f t:20Hz, initial stage period T s:2 second; HTp:1.6ms during the peak value; high peak current HIp:500A, higher baseline value electric current HIb:50A, LTp:1.4ms during the low peak; low peak current LIp:480A, low basic value electric current LIb:40A
By welding, the pore that produces in welding beginning part can be reduced to no problem qualitatively level according to above-mentioned welding condition.Certainly, to the welding latter end, also can both form sound welding bead from the routine part.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the source of welding current that is used for implementing the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method of above-mentioned embodiment.Below, with reference to this figure each several part is described.
Electric power main circuit PM as input, carries out the output control of conversion (inverter) control etc. and output weldingvoltage Vw and welding current Iw according to the current error amplifying signal Ei that narrates later with the source power supply of three-phase 200V etc.This electric power main circuit PM with omission, but is made of following several parts in the diagram.Be respectively: a rectification circuit, carry out rectification to source power supply; Electric capacity carries out smoothly the direct current after the rectification; Converter circuit is converted to high-frequency alternating current with the direct current after level and smooth; Transformer is with the magnitude of voltage of high-frequency alternating current step-down for suitable arc welding; Secondary rectification circuit is carried out rectification to the high-frequency alternating current after the step-down; Reactor carries out smoothly the direct current after the rectification; Modulation circuit carries out pulse amplitude modulation control with above-mentioned current error amplifying signal Ei as input; Drive circuit drives above-mentioned converter circuit according to modulation signal.Welding wire 1 is given roller bearing 5 by what give that motor WM connects, by being fed in the welding torch 4, and produces electric arc 3 between the mother metal 2.Omit the block diagram that it is given about welding wire.
Voltage detecting circuit VD detects above-mentioned weldingvoltage Vw, and voltage sense signal Vd.Average voltage counting circuit VAV calculates the mean value of this voltage detection signal Vd and output voltage average value signal Vav.Voltage setting circuit VR, the voltage setting signal Vr that output is predesignated.Voltage error amplifying circuit EV, the error of amplifying above-mentioned voltage setting signal Vr and above-mentioned average voltage signal Vav, and output voltage error amplifying signal Ev.Voltage-frequency conversion circuit VF, as input, output has the pulse-period signal Tf with the proportional frequency of value of this signal with this voltage error amplifying signal Ev.That is to say that this pulse-period signal Tf is the signal that becomes high level in each short time pulse period.
Welding beginning circuit ST, output becomes the welding commencing signal St of high level when the welding beginning.Current detection circuit ID detects above-mentioned welding current Iw, and output current detection signal Id.Elapsed time is measured circuit TW, with above-mentioned welding commencing signal St and above-mentioned current detection signal Id as input, calculating becomes high level from welding commencing signal St, and the moment that current detection signal Id becomes more than a reference value is played the elapsed time of (the welding zero hour), and exports elapsed time signal Tw.The value of current detection signal Id becomes more than a reference value, means that welding current Iw begins to connect.
Initialization circuit TSR during initial stage, setting signal Tsr during the initial stage that output is predesignated.Switching frequency initialization circuit FCR, with setting signal Tsr during above-mentioned elapsed time signal Tw and above-mentioned initial stage as input, the switching frequency setting signal Fcr that output is set function and changed along with the elapsed time according to the switching frequency of predesignating.About setting function during this initial stage, narrate among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 in the back.Time ratio initialization circuit DR, output is with " during the high arc length of time ratio (%)=100/(during the high arc length+low arc length during) " defined time ratio setting signal Dr.That is to say that time ratio setting signal Dr is to set during the high arc length and the signal of the dutycycle during the low arc length.Switching signal generative circuit STC, with above-mentioned switching frequency setting signal Fcr and above-mentioned time ratio setting signal Dr as input, during calculating high arc length=Dr/100Fcr, and during the low arc length=(100-DR)/100Fcr, output is high level during the high arc length that calculates, then during the low arc length that calculates, be low level, replace their switching signal Stc afterwards repeatedly.Therefore, when this switching signal Stc is high level, during high arc length, be to hang down during the arc length during low level.And, become switching cycle (1/ switching frequency) with lumping together during the high arc length and during the low arc length.
Initialization circuit TPR between the peak period, with setting value LTp during setting value HTp during above-mentioned switching signal Stc, the peak value predesignated and the low peak predesignated as input, when switching signal Str is high level (during the high arc length), output becomes setting signal TPr between the peak period of setting value HTp during the above-mentioned peak value, and output becomes setting signal TPr between peak period of above-mentioned low peak setting value LTp during low level (during the low arc length).Timer circuit TP between the peak period, with setting signal TPr between this peak period and above-mentioned pulse-period signal Tf as input, output is changed to the moment of the high level of short time from pulse-period signal Tf, by being high level during the setting signal TPr defined between the peak period, be signal Tp between the low level peak period during in addition.Therefore, signal Tp between this peak period, be between the peak period in for high level, be low level signal in during basic value.
Peak point current setting signal IPR, with above-mentioned switching signal Stc, the high peak current setting value HIp that predesignates and the low peak current setting value LIp that predesignates as input, output became the peak point current setting signal Ipr of above-mentioned peak value circuit setting value HIp when switching signal Stc was high level (during the high arc length), and output becomes the peak point current setting signal Ipr of above-mentioned low peak current setting value LIp during low level (during the low arc length).Basic value current setting circuit IBR, with above-mentioned switching signal Stc, the higher baseline value current setting value HIb that predesignates and the low basic value current setting value LIb that predesignates as input, output became the basic value current settings signal Ibr of above-mentioned higher baseline value current setting value HIb when switching signal Stc was high level (during the high arc length), and output becomes the basic value current settings signal Ibr of above-mentioned low basic value setting value Lib during low level (during the low arc length).Current Control initialization circuit ICR, with signal Tp between the above-mentioned peak period, above-mentioned peak point current setting signal Ipr and above-mentioned basic value current settings signal Ibr as input, signal Tp is that high level is when (between the peak period) between the peak period, above-mentioned peak value circuit setting signal Ipr as circuit control setting signal Icr output, is exported above-mentioned basic value current settings signal Ibr during low level (during the basic value) as Current Control setting signal Icr.Current error amplifying circuit EI, the error of amplifying above-mentioned Current Control setting signal Icr and above-mentioned current detection signal Id, and output current error amplification signal Ei.By these circuit structures, turn on the welding current waveform described in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the figure that switching frequency built-in among the above-mentioned switching frequency initialization circuit FCR is set an example of function.The transverse axis of this figure is represented elapsed time Tw (second), and the longitudinal axis is represented switching frequency setting signal Fcr (Hz).In the figure, the moment of Tw=0 is the welding zero hour.In addition, Tsr represents setting signal (second) during the initial stage.Function is following form.
0≤Tw＜Tsr Fcr＝fs
Tsr≤Tw Fcr＝ft
Wherein, fs is the initial stage frequency of predesignating, and ft is the conventional frequency of predesignating, fs＜ft.This figure is the situation of Tsr=2 second, fs=5Hz and ft=30Hz.
Fig. 4 is the figure that represents an example different with Fig. 3 of switching frequency built-in in above-mentioned switching frequency initialization circuit FCR setting function.The transverse axis of this figure is represented elapsed time Tw (second), and the longitudinal axis is represented switching frequency setting signal Fcr (Hz).In the figure, the moment of Tw=0 is the welding zero hour.In addition, Tsr represents setting signal (second) during the initial stage.Function is following form.
0≤Tw＜Tsr Fcr＝((ft-fs)/Tsr)+fs
Tsr≤Tw Fcr＝ft
Wherein, fs is the initial stage frequency of predesignating, and ft is the conventional frequency of predesignating, fs＜ft.This figure is the situation of Tsr=2 second, fs=5Hz and ft=30Hz.Though linearly increase among this figure also can increase by curve-like.
According to above-mentioned embodiment, thereby in the electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding method that the swing that makes the arc length cycle with switching frequency is welded, from welding zero hour is during the initial stage of predesignating, switching frequency is set at the lower value of predesignating of conventional frequency than thereafter conventional duration.Thus, can reduce the pore that in the welding bead of welding beginning part, produces, can form sound welding bead until welding end portion from welding beginning portion.Have again, as shown in Figure 4, can be by with the switching frequency in during the initial stage, setting to the mode of the continuous raising of conventional frequency, thereby reduce the influence that the variation of switching frequency brings the welding bead outward appearance from switching frequency.
Though in the above-described embodiment, to be that example is illustrated, also can be applied to AC pulse arc welding method to using situation of the present invention in the DC pulse arc-welding method.
Claims (3)
1. electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method, by giving welding wire, and the basic value electric current in during peak point current during alternate repetition is connected between the peak period and the basic value, come to make between the described peak period and/or peak point current changes with switching frequency, thereby the arc length periodic wobble is welded, it is characterized in that
During the initial stage that welding is predesignated the zero hour, the value of described switching frequency is set at lower than the conventional frequency of predesignating of thereafter conventional duration.
2. electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described switching frequency in during the described initial stage is the initial stage frequency that is redefined for the steady state value lower than described conventional frequency.
3. electric arc length swinging pulse electric arc welding control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described switching frequency in during the described initial stage is the initial stage frequency of predesignating welding the zero hour, along with effluxion uprises gradually, is being described conventional frequency through the moment during the described initial stage.
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| CN103372704A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-30 | 株式会社大亨 | Arc welding device |
| CN105499750A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-20 | 百德福钢带有限公司 | Method and device for welding at least two metal strips |
| CN109348706A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2019-02-15 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | High-current pulse arc welding method and flux-cored wire |
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| US11815127B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2023-11-14 | Posco Co., Ltd | Welded member for plated steel plate excellent in weld zone porosity resistance and fatigue properties and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN110839341A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2020-02-25 | 株式会社Posco | Welded member of plated steel sheet having excellent weld porosity resistance and fatigue characteristics, and method for producing same |
| CN113369640B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-08-16 | 华南理工大学 | Method for controlling stirring and balanced oscillation of deep-melting K-TIG welding pool |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2010142823A (en) | 2010-07-01 |
| CN101745716B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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