CN101741161A - A rare earth permanent magnet motor and its control method - Google Patents
A rare earth permanent magnet motor and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101741161A CN101741161A CN200910262198A CN200910262198A CN101741161A CN 101741161 A CN101741161 A CN 101741161A CN 200910262198 A CN200910262198 A CN 200910262198A CN 200910262198 A CN200910262198 A CN 200910262198A CN 101741161 A CN101741161 A CN 101741161A
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供一种稀土永磁电动机及其控制方法，其中所述稀土永磁电动机包括三相定子绕组，所述三相定子绕组中的每相定子绕组的出线端除了首尾两端的出线端以外，具有至少一个抽头，出线端的不同连接对应不同的感应电势。因此，可以通过连接不同的出线端来使稀土永磁电动机适应不同的供电电压。这样，当供电电压变化时，可以使稀土永磁电动机自适应供电电压的变化，感应电势与供电电压总是相匹配的，从而提高稀土永磁电动机的功率因数。
An embodiment of the present invention provides a rare earth permanent magnet motor and its control method, wherein the rare earth permanent magnet motor includes a three-phase stator winding, and the outlet terminals of each phase of the stator winding in the three-phase stator winding are except the outlet terminals at the first and last ends In addition, there is at least one tap, and different connections at the outlet end correspond to different induced potentials. Therefore, the rare earth permanent magnet motor can be adapted to different supply voltages by connecting different outlet terminals. In this way, when the power supply voltage changes, the rare earth permanent magnet motor can adapt to the change of the power supply voltage, and the induced potential always matches the power supply voltage, thereby improving the power factor of the rare earth permanent magnet motor.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电动机技术领域，特别涉及一种稀土永磁电动机及其控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a rare earth permanent magnet motor and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
稀土永磁电动机，在额定电压下运行时，即便是空载工况，其功率因数也能达到0.8以上。由于稀土永磁电动机功率因数高，这样不但电机本身的铜耗显著降低，也减小了输电线路上的损耗，因此稀土永磁电动机的应用范围越来越广。When the rare earth permanent magnet motor is running at the rated voltage, its power factor can reach more than 0.8 even in the no-load condition. Due to the high power factor of rare earth permanent magnet motors, not only the copper loss of the motor itself is significantly reduced, but also the loss on the transmission line is reduced. Therefore, the application range of rare earth permanent magnet motors is becoming wider and wider.
但是，现有的稀土永磁电动机在供电电压相对于额定电压发生偏差情况下，其空载电流会显著增大，轻载运行性能显著变坏。例如一台380V 22kW的稀土永磁电动机，当电源电压等于感应电势(380伏)时，空载电流仅仅1.5安培左右，而当电源电压降至360伏或者增加到400伏时，空载电流可能达到12～15安培。这就说明，电压虽然仅仅变化了大约5％，空载电流却可能增加8-10倍。However, when the power supply voltage of the existing rare earth permanent magnet motor deviates from the rated voltage, its no-load current will increase significantly, and the light-load operation performance will deteriorate significantly. For example, a 380V 22kW rare earth permanent magnet motor, when the power supply voltage is equal to the induction potential (380 volts), the no-load current is only about 1.5 amperes, and when the power supply voltage drops to 360 volts or increases to 400 volts, the no-load current may Reach 12 to 15 amps. This means that although the voltage has only changed by about 5%, the no-load current may increase by 8-10 times.
在稀土永磁电动机驱动抽油机的情况下，在每个冲程中的大部分时间都属于轻载运行。在其轻载运行的情况下，功率因数也随着供电电压的变化而发生显著变化。例如当负载是额定功率1/3的时候，如果供电电压也是380V左右，那么它的功率因数可以接近0.958；而一旦供电电压从380V变为340V或4200V，功率因数就会降至只有0.7，甚至0.5左右，如图1所示，。该图为表示负载是为额定功率的1/3时稀土永磁电动机的功率因数与供电电压之间的关系的曲线图。可见稀土永磁电动机的性能，无论是空载还是负载，对供电电压都非常敏感。In the case of the pumping unit driven by the rare earth permanent magnet motor, most of the time in each stroke is light load operation. In the case of its light-load operation, the power factor also varies significantly with the supply voltage. For example, when the load is 1/3 of the rated power, if the power supply voltage is about 380V, then its power factor can be close to 0.958; and once the power supply voltage changes from 380V to 340V or 4200V, the power factor will drop to only 0.7, or even 0.5 or so, as shown in Figure 1. This figure is a graph showing the relationship between the power factor of the rare earth permanent magnet motor and the power supply voltage when the load is 1/3 of the rated power. It can be seen that the performance of the rare earth permanent magnet motor is very sensitive to the power supply voltage whether it is no-load or load.
油田的供电线路一般长达10km甚至更长，在较长供电线路情况下，供电线路的首端和末端的电压差别较大。大量实测表明，对于安装额定电压为380伏电动机的供电系统，首端电压通常达到410-420伏，而末端却只有350-360伏左右。因此，现有的稀土永磁电动机在油田的供电线路中，功率因数会大幅降低，这样不仅使电机本身的损耗增加，也增加了供电线路及变压器的损耗。The power supply lines in oil fields are generally 10km or even longer. In the case of longer power supply lines, the voltage difference between the head end and the end of the power supply line is relatively large. A large number of actual measurements show that for a power supply system installed with a motor with a rated voltage of 380 volts, the voltage at the head end usually reaches 410-420 volts, while the voltage at the end is only about 350-360 volts. Therefore, the power factor of the existing rare earth permanent magnet motor in the power supply line of the oil field will be greatly reduced, which not only increases the loss of the motor itself, but also increases the loss of the power supply line and the transformer.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种稀土永磁电动机及其控制方法，能够自适应供电电压，达到较高的功率因数。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rare earth permanent magnet motor and its control method, which can adapt to the power supply voltage and achieve a higher power factor.
本发明实施例提供一种稀土永磁电动机，包括三相定子绕组，所述三相定子绕组中的每相定子绕组的出线端除了首尾两端的出线端以外，具有至少一个抽头，出线端的不同连接对应不同的感应电势。An embodiment of the present invention provides a rare-earth permanent magnet motor, which includes a three-phase stator winding. In the three-phase stator winding, the outlet terminals of each stator winding in the three-phase stator winding have at least one tap except for the outlet terminals at the first and last ends, and different connections of the outlet terminals. Corresponding to different induced potentials.
优选地，当所述三相定子绕组是星形接法时，所述抽头从每相定子绕组的首端部位引出；Preferably, when the three-phase stator windings are star-connected, the taps are drawn from the head end of each phase of the stator windings;
所述三相定子绕组的尾端出线端连接在一起构成中性点；The tail outlets of the three-phase stator windings are connected together to form a neutral point;
电源线连接定子绕组首端不同的出线端对应不同的感应电势。The different outlets of the power line connected to the first end of the stator winding correspond to different induced potentials.
优选地，当所述三相定子绕组是星形接法时，所述抽头从每相定子绕组的尾端部位引出；Preferably, when the three-phase stator windings are star-connected, the taps are drawn from the tail end of each phase of the stator windings;
电源线连接所述三相定子绕组首端的出线端，定子绕组尾端的出线端接在一起构成中性点，尾端的出线端的不同连接。The power line is connected to the outgoing wires at the first end of the three-phase stator windings, the outgoing wires at the tail end of the stator windings are connected together to form a neutral point, and the outgoing wires at the rear ends are connected differently.
优选地，当所述三相定子绕组是星形接法时，所述抽头从每相定子绕组的首尾两端分别引出；Preferably, when the three-phase stator windings are star-connected, the taps are respectively drawn from the first and last ends of each phase stator winding;
所述三相定子绕组首端的一组出线端连接电源线；首端剩余的出线端空置；A group of outlets at the first end of the three-phase stator winding are connected to the power line; the remaining outlets at the first end are vacant;
所述三相定子绕组尾端的一组出线端连接中性点；尾端剩余的出线端空置。A group of outlets at the tail end of the three-phase stator winding is connected to a neutral point; the remaining outlets at the tail end are vacant.
优选地，所述抽头为一个、二个、三个或四个。Preferably, there are one, two, three or four taps.
优选地，出线端的不同连接所对应的感应电势与电动机额定电压的差是额定电压的k(2～6)％；其中k为所述抽头的个数。Preferably, the difference between the induced potential corresponding to different connections of the outlet terminal and the rated voltage of the motor is k (2-6)% of the rated voltage; where k is the number of taps.
本发明实施例还提供一种控制所述稀土永磁电动机的方法，包括以下步骤：The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for controlling the rare earth permanent magnet motor, including the following steps:
首次安装稀土永磁电动机时，检测当前的供电电压，选择与所述供电电压对应的感应电势；When the rare earth permanent magnet motor is installed for the first time, the current supply voltage is detected, and the induced potential corresponding to the supply voltage is selected;
由所述感应电势选择并连接对应的出线端。Select and connect the corresponding outlet terminal according to the induced potential.
优选地，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
监测供电电压与当前感应电势是否匹配，如果不匹配，则判断供电电压与当前感应电势的差值是否大于供电电压与相邻档位感应电势的差值，如果是，则选择并连接相邻档位的感应电势对应的出线端；如果否，则保持不变。Monitor whether the power supply voltage matches the current induced potential. If not, judge whether the difference between the power supply voltage and the current induced potential is greater than the difference between the power supply voltage and the induced potential of the adjacent gear. If so, select and connect the adjacent gear The output terminal corresponding to the induced potential of the bit; if not, it remains unchanged.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机，在每相定子绕组设置多个出线端，这样出线端不同对应定子绕组的匝数不同，当永磁电动机转子旋转时，在定子绕组上就会产生不同的感应电势。因此，可以通过连接不同的出线端来使稀土永磁电动机适应不同的供电电压。这样，当供电电压变化时，可以使稀土永磁电动机自适应供电电压的变化，感应电势与供电电压总是相匹配的，从而提高稀土永磁电动机的功率因数。In the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention, a plurality of outlet terminals are arranged in each phase stator winding, so that different outlet terminals correspond to different turns of the stator winding, and when the rotor of the permanent magnet motor rotates, different inductions will be generated on the stator winding. electric potential. Therefore, the rare earth permanent magnet motor can be adapted to different supply voltages by connecting different outlet terminals. In this way, when the power supply voltage changes, the rare earth permanent magnet motor can adapt to the change of the power supply voltage, and the induced potential always matches the power supply voltage, thereby improving the power factor of the rare earth permanent magnet motor.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是现有技术中稀土永磁电动机负载是额定功率1/3时的功率因数与供电电压的关系曲线图；Fig. 1 is the graph of the relationship between power factor and supply voltage when the load of rare earth permanent magnet motor in the prior art is rated
图2是本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例一示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rare earth permanent
图3是本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例二示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention;
图4是本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例三示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention;
图5是本发明中稀土永磁电动机负载是额定功率1/3时的功率因数与供电电压的关系曲线图；Fig. 5 is the graph of the relationship between the power factor and the supply voltage when the load of the rare earth permanent magnet motor is 1/3 of the rated power in the present invention;
图6是本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机的控制方法实施例一流程图。Fig. 6 is a flow chart of
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific implementations of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
由于稀土永磁电动机的感应电势与供电电压是否匹配，严重地影响该电机运行时的功率因数，因此，本发明通过调节稀土永磁电动机的感应电势来适应外界的供电电压。Because whether the induction potential of the rare-earth permanent magnet motor matches the power supply voltage seriously affects the power factor of the motor during operation. Therefore, the present invention adapts to the external power supply voltage by adjusting the induction potential of the rare-earth permanent magnet motor.
稀土永磁电动机实施例一：Rare earth permanent magnet motor embodiment one:
参见图2，该图为本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例一示意图。Referring to Fig. 2, this figure is a schematic diagram of
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机，包括三相定子绕组，分别为A相定子绕组、B相定子绕组和C相定子绕组。所述三相定子绕组中的每相定子绕组具有至少三个出线端，出线端不同的连接对应不同的感应电势。The rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment includes three-phase stator windings, which are A-phase stator windings, B-phase stator windings and C-phase stator windings. Each phase of the three-phase stator winding has at least three outlet terminals, and different connections of the outlet terminals correspond to different induced potentials.
下面以每个定子绕组具有五个出线端为例进行说明。如图2所示，A相定子绕组201具有的五个出线端分别是A、X1、X2、X3和X4；B相定子绕组具有的五个出线端分别是B、Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4；C相定子绕组具有的五个出线端分别是C、Z1、Z2、Z3和Z4。In the following, each stator winding has five outlets as an example for description. As shown in Figure 2, the five outlets of the A-phase stator winding 201 are A, X1, X2, X3, and X4; the five outlets of the B-phase stator winding are B, Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4. ; The five outgoing terminals of the C-phase stator winding are C, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 respectively.
根据电机的工作原理，三相定子绕组是对称的，因此，A-X1、B-Y1和C-Z1对应的线圈匝数是相同的，其他以此类推，在此不再赘述。下面以A相定子绕组为例进行说明。可以理解的是，电源加在A相定子绕组的哪个出线端时，也同样加在B相定子绕组和C相定子绕组对应的出线端。According to the working principle of the motor, the three-phase stator windings are symmetrical, so the number of turns of the coils corresponding to A-X1, B-Y1 and C-Z1 is the same, and so on, so I won’t repeat them here. In the following, the phase A stator winding is taken as an example for illustration. It can be understood that when the power supply is applied to which outlet terminal of the A-phase stator winding, it is also applied to the corresponding outlet terminals of the B-phase stator winding and the C-phase stator winding.
图2所示的定子绕组可以对应4个档位的电压，对应的出线端组合分别是A-X1、A-X2、A-X3、A-X4。The stator winding shown in Figure 2 can correspond to the voltages of four gears, and the corresponding combinations of outlet terminals are A-X1, A-X2, A-X3, and A-X4.
例如，以UN表示稀土永磁电动机的额定电压，UN可以为380V、660V或1140V等等，可以根据工作场合选择稀土永磁电动机的型号。For example, U N represents the rated voltage of the rare earth permanent magnet motor, U N can be 380V, 660V or 1140V, etc., and the model of the rare earth permanent magnet motor can be selected according to the workplace.
当电源加在三相定子绕组的A-X1、B-Y1和C-Z1上时，假设对应的感应电势是96％UN，则对应的供电电压可以是从低于94％UN到98％UN。当电源加在三相定子绕组的A-X2、B-Y2和C-Z2上时，对应的感应电势是UN，则对应的供电电压可以是(98％～102％)UN。对应的供电电压是UN。当电源加在三相定子绕组的A-X3、B-Y3和C-Z3上时，对应的感应电势是104％UN，则对应的供电电压可以是(102％～106％)UN对应的供电电压是104％UN。当电源加在三相定子绕组的A-X4、B-Y4和C-Z4上时，对应的感应电势是108％UN，则对应的供电电压大于106％UN对应的供电电压是108％UN。When the power supply is applied to A-X1, B-Y1 and C-Z1 of the three-phase stator winding, assuming that the corresponding induced potential is 96% U N , the corresponding power supply voltage can be from lower than 94% U N to 98 % UN . When power is applied to A-X2, B-Y2 and C-Z2 of the three-phase stator winding, the corresponding induced potential is U N , and the corresponding power supply voltage can be (98%-102%) U N . The corresponding supply voltage is U N . When the power supply is applied to A-X3, B-Y3 and C-Z3 of the three-phase stator winding, the corresponding induced potential is 104% U N , and the corresponding power supply voltage can be (102% ~ 106%) U N corresponding The supply voltage is 104% U N . When the power supply is applied to A-X4, B-Y4 and C-Z4 of the three-phase stator winding, the corresponding induced potential is 108% U N , then the corresponding power supply voltage is greater than 106% U N and the corresponding power supply voltage is 108% U N .
需要说明的是，稀土永磁电动机的供电电压的档位可以根据实际需要选择不同的档位，档位的个数也可以根据需要设定，例如，每相定子绕组可以设置三个出线端、四个出线端、五个出线端或六个出线端等等。It should be noted that the gears of the power supply voltage of the rare earth permanent magnet motor can be selected according to actual needs, and the number of gears can also be set according to the needs. For example, each phase of the stator winding can be set with three outlets, Four outlets, five outlets, six outlets, etc.
出线端的不同连接所对应的感应电势与电动机额定电压的差是额定电压的k(2～6)％；其中k为所述抽头的个数。The difference between the induced potential corresponding to the different connections of the outlet terminals and the rated voltage of the motor is k (2-6)% of the rated voltage; where k is the number of taps.
本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机，在每相定子绕组设置多个出线端，这样出线端不同对应定子绕组的匝数不同，当永磁电动机转子旋转时，在定子绕组上就会产生不同的感应电势。因此，可以通过连接不同的出线端来使稀土永磁电动机适应不同的供电电压。这样，当供电电压变化时，可以使稀土永磁电动机自适应供电电压的变化，稀土永磁电动机的感应电势与供电电压相匹配，进而提高稀土永磁电动机的功率因数。In the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention, a plurality of outlet terminals are arranged in each phase stator winding, so that different outlet terminals correspond to different turns of the stator winding, and when the rotor of the permanent magnet motor rotates, different inductions will be generated on the stator winding. electric potential. Therefore, the rare earth permanent magnet motor can be adapted to different supply voltages by connecting different outlet terminals. In this way, when the supply voltage changes, the rare earth permanent magnet motor can adapt to the change of the supply voltage, and the induced potential of the rare earth permanent magnet motor matches the supply voltage, thereby improving the power factor of the rare earth permanent magnet motor.
稀土永磁电动机实施例二：Rare earth permanent magnet motor embodiment two:
参见图3，该图为本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例二示意图。Refer to Fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention.
一般永磁电机的定子绕组均是采用星形连接方式。Generally, the stator windings of permanent magnet motors are star-connected.
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机，所述出线端从每相定子绕组的首端引出；所述三相定子绕组的末端接在一起构成中性点；电源线连接定子绕组首端不同的出线端对应不同的感应电势。In the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment, the outlet end is drawn from the head end of each phase stator winding; the ends of the three-phase stator windings are connected together to form a neutral point; the power line is connected to different outlet wires at the head end of the stator winding Terminals correspond to different induced potentials.
下面以每相定子绕组具有四个出线端为例进行说明。In the following, the stator winding of each phase has four outlets as an example for illustration.
如图3所示，每相定子绕组的末端连接在一起构成中性点N。这样，中性点可以在电机壳体内部短接，不需要再将定子绕组的末端引出到电机壳体外部的接线盒。As shown in Figure 3, the ends of the stator windings of each phase are connected together to form a neutral point N. In this way, the neutral point can be short-circuited inside the motor casing, and there is no need to lead the ends of the stator windings to the junction box outside the motor casing.
A相相定子绕组的四个出线端分别为：A、A1、A2和A3；B相相定子绕组的四个出线端分别为：B、B1、B2和B3；C相相定子绕组的四个出线端分别为：C、C1、C2和C3。The four outlet terminals of the A-phase stator winding are: A, A1, A2 and A3; the four outlet terminals of the B-phase stator winding are: B, B1, B2 and B3; the four outlet terminals of the C-phase stator winding The outgoing terminals are: C, C1, C2 and C3.
电源线通过连接不同的出线端可以得到不同的感应电势，进而对应不同的供电电压。By connecting the power line to different outlet terminals, different induced potentials can be obtained, thereby corresponding to different power supply voltages.
例如，电源线可以连接三相定子绕组的A、B和C，此时，对应的绕组的线圈匝数是最多的，因此，对应的感应电势最大，对应的供电电压也最大。以此类推，当电源线连接三相定子绕组的A3、B3和C3时，对应的绕组的线圈匝数是最少的，感应电势也最小，对应的供电电压也最小。For example, the power line can be connected to A, B, and C of the three-phase stator winding. At this time, the number of turns of the corresponding winding is the largest, so the corresponding induced potential is the largest, and the corresponding power supply voltage is also the largest. By analogy, when the power line is connected to A3, B3 and C3 of the three-phase stator winding, the number of coil turns of the corresponding winding is the least, the induced potential is also the smallest, and the corresponding power supply voltage is also the smallest.
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机的定子绕组的出线端设置在首端，通过调节电源线连接不同的出线端就可以改变对应的供电电压。这样，可以在电机内部将定子绕组的末端连接在一起形成中性点，不用在电机壳体外部再调节中性点的连接方式。与将抽头设置在中性点附近的图2相比，其优点是引出线较少。例如在都具备四档调压的情况下，引出线从图2的15根减少为12根。The outlet end of the stator winding of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment is set at the head end, and the corresponding power supply voltage can be changed by adjusting the power line to connect different outlet ends. In this way, the ends of the stator windings can be connected together to form a neutral point inside the motor, without adjusting the connection mode of the neutral point outside the motor housing. Compared with Figure 2 where the tap is set near the neutral point, the advantage is that there are fewer lead wires. For example, in the case of four-speed voltage regulation, the number of lead wires is reduced from 15 in Figure 2 to 12.
稀土永磁电动机实施例三：Rare earth permanent magnet motor embodiment three:
继续参见图2，该图为本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例三示意图。Continue to refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention.
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机，所述出线端从每相定子绕组的尾端引出；电源线连接所述三相定子绕组的首端，定子绕组尾端不同的出线端接在一起构成中性点。In the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment, the outlet ends are drawn from the tail ends of the stator windings of each phase; the power lines are connected to the first ends of the three-phase stator windings, and different outlet wires at the tail ends of the stator windings are connected together to form a sexual point.
如图2所示。本实施例是将电源线连接在定子绕组首端固定不动，通过将末端的不同出线端连接在一起构成中性点。中性点连接的出线端不同，对应的感应电势不同。as shown in picture 2. In this embodiment, the power line is fixed at the head end of the stator winding, and the neutral point is formed by connecting different outlet ends at the end. Different outlet terminals of the neutral point connection have different corresponding induced potentials.
电源线连接三相定子绕组的首端A、B和C。The power line is connected to the first ends A, B and C of the three-phase stator winding.
中性点连接不同组别的X、Y和Z，就可以构成不同的感应电势。A相相定子绕组尾端的出线端为X4、X3、X2和X1，B相相定子绕组尾端的出线端为Y4、Y3、Y2和Y1，C相相定子绕组尾端的出线端为Z4、Z3、Z2和Z1。Different induced potentials can be formed by connecting the neutral point to different groups of X, Y and Z. The outlets at the end of the A-phase stator winding are X4, X3, X2 and X1, the outlets at the end of the B-phase stator winding are Y4, Y3, Y2 and Y1, and the outlets at the end of the C-phase stator winding are Z4, Z3, Z2 and Z1.
当中性点连接X4、Y4和Z4时，对应的感应电势是最大的，供电电压也是最大的。以此类推，当中性点连接X1、Y1和Z1时，对应的感应电势是最小的，供电电压也是最小的。When the neutral point is connected to X4, Y4 and Z4, the corresponding induced potential is the largest, and the supply voltage is also the largest. By analogy, when the neutral point is connected to X1, Y1 and Z1, the corresponding induced potential is the smallest, and the supply voltage is also the smallest.
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机，电源线的连接方式固定不变，将三相定子绕组的末端出线端引到壳体外部，通过连接不同的出线端来构成中性点，从而使其与供电电压相匹配。For the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment, the connection mode of the power line is fixed, and the terminal outlets of the three-phase stator windings are led to the outside of the casing, and the neutral point is formed by connecting different outlets, so that it is consistent with match the supply voltage.
稀土永磁电动机实施例四：Rare earth permanent magnet motor embodiment four:
参见图4，该图为本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机实施例五示意图。Refer to Fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the present invention.
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机的出线端从每相定子绕组的首尾两端分别引出；定子绕组首端的出线端连接电源线，尾端的出线端连接中性点。The wire outlets of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment are respectively led out from the first and last ends of the stator winding of each phase; the wire outlets at the first end of the stator winding are connected to the power line, and the wire outlets at the tail end are connected to the neutral point.
如图4所示，A相相定子绕组的首端的出线端为A1和A2，末端的出线端为X1和X2；B相相定子绕组的首端的出线端为B1和B2，末端的出线端为Y1和Y2；C相相定子绕组的首端的出线端为C1和C2，末端的出线端为Z1和Z2。As shown in Fig. 4, the outlet terminals of the first end of the A-phase stator winding are A1 and A2, and the outlet terminals of the end are X1 and X2; the outlet terminals of the first end of the B-phase stator winding are B1 and B2, and the outlet terminals of the end are Y1 and Y2; the outlet terminals of the first end of the C-phase stator winding are C1 and C2, and the outlet terminals of the end are Z1 and Z2.
电源线连接每相定子绕组的首端的出线端，中性点连接每相定子绕组的末端的出线端。这样，既可以固定中性点的连接方式，通过调节电源线连接的首端的出线端来改变感应电势；也可以固定电源线的连接方式，通过调节中性点连接的末端的出线端来改变感应电势。当然，也可以既调节电源线连接方式又改变中性点连接方式来调节感应电势。The power line is connected to the outlet end of the first end of the stator winding of each phase, and the neutral point is connected to the outlet end of the end of the stator winding of each phase. In this way, the connection mode of the neutral point can be fixed, and the induction potential can be changed by adjusting the outlet end of the first end of the power line connection; electric potential. Of course, it is also possible to adjust the induced potential by adjusting the connection mode of the power line and changing the connection mode of the neutral point.
图4所示的定子绕组可以对应4个档位的电压，对应的出线端组合分别A1-X1、A1-X2、A2-X1和A2-X2。The stator winding shown in FIG. 4 can correspond to voltages of four gears, and the corresponding outlet combinations are respectively A1-X1, A1-X2, A2-X1 and A2-X2.
例如，电源线连接三相定子绕组首端的接线端分别为A1、B1和C1不变，中性点可以连接三相定子绕组的末端的出线端X1、Y1和Z1，这样对应最大的感应电势；中性点也可以连接三相定子绕组的末端的出线端X2、Y2和Z2，这样对应较小的感应电势。电源线连接三相定子绕组首端的接线端分别为A2、B2和C2不变，中性点可以连接三相定子绕组的末端的出线端X2、Y2和Z2，这样对应最小的感应电势。For example, the terminals connecting the power line to the first end of the three-phase stator winding are A1, B1 and C1 respectively, and the neutral point can be connected to the outlet terminals X1, Y1 and Z1 at the end of the three-phase stator winding, which corresponds to the maximum induced potential; The neutral point can also be connected to the outlet terminals X2, Y2 and Z2 at the end of the three-phase stator winding, which corresponds to a smaller induced potential. The terminals of the power line connected to the first end of the three-phase stator winding are A2, B2 and C2 respectively, and the neutral point can be connected to the outlet terminals X2, Y2 and Z2 at the end of the three-phase stator winding, which corresponds to the smallest induced potential.
下面结合附图5详细说明一下本发明的有益效果。The beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 5 .
参见图5，该图为本发明实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机的供电电压与功率因数曲线图。Referring to FIG. 5 , this figure is a graph of supply voltage and power factor of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供的一台四档调压的稀土永磁电动机(四档电压的设计值分别为365V、380V、395V、410V)，当负载是额定功率1/3的时候，通过实测得到功率因数随电压变化如图6所示。A rare-earth permanent magnet motor with four gears voltage regulation provided by the embodiment of the present invention (the design values of the four gears voltage are 365V, 380V, 395V, 410V respectively), when the load is 1/3 of the rated power, the power is obtained through actual measurement The factor varies with voltage as shown in Figure 6.
图5中的最上方的用黑色粗实曲线表示的曲线是本实施例中实测的功率因数随电压变化的曲线，。从该曲线可以看出，当电源电压在350V到415V范围变化时，功率因数均大于0.96。这是因为，在电源电压位于不同范围时，相应地改变了当然，在测试的过程中根据供电电压的不同对应改变定子绕组的出线端的连接方式使永磁电机的感应电势与电源电压总是相匹配。The uppermost curve in FIG. 5 represented by the thick black solid curve is the curve of the actual measured power factor changing with the voltage in this embodiment. It can be seen from the curve that when the power supply voltage varies from 350V to 415V, the power factor is greater than 0.96. This is because, when the power supply voltage is in different ranges, it changes accordingly. Of course, in the process of testing, according to the different power supply voltage, the connection mode of the outlet terminal of the stator winding is changed so that the induced potential of the permanent magnet motor is always the same as the power supply voltage. match.
图5中下方的用虚曲线表示的曲线，是常规的永磁电动机实测的单一电压情况下，功率因数随供电电压变化的曲线。可以看出，当供电电压是380V时，其功率因数达到0.96以上；而一旦供电电压从380V变为350V或415V，功率因数就会降至0.76与0.55左右。图5中下方的粗虚曲线，是实测的稀土永磁电动机固定在单一额定电压(380V)下，功率因数随电压变化的曲线。The curve represented by the dotted curve at the bottom of Fig. 5 is the curve of the power factor changing with the power supply voltage under the single voltage measured by the conventional permanent magnet motor. It can be seen that when the power supply voltage is 380V, its power factor reaches above 0.96; and once the power supply voltage changes from 380V to 350V or 415V, the power factor will drop to around 0.76 and 0.55. The rough dotted curve at the bottom of Figure 5 is the curve of the power factor changing with the voltage of the measured rare earth permanent magnet motor fixed at a single rated voltage (380V).
从图中可以明显看出，采用本发明实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机，可以在很宽的供电电压范围内均能得到很高的功率因数，从而解决了现有的稀土永磁电动机对供电电压敏感的问题。It can be clearly seen from the figure that the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment of the present invention can obtain a high power factor in a wide range of supply voltage, thereby solving the problem of the existing rare earth permanent magnet motor on power supply. voltage sensitivity issues.
基于以上稀土永磁电动机，本发明实施例还提供一种稀土永磁电动机的控制方法，下面结合附图详细进行说明。Based on the above rare earth permanent magnet motor, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method for a rare earth permanent magnet motor, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参见图6，该图为本发明提供的稀土永磁电动机的控制方法实施例一流程图。Refer to Fig. 6, which is a flow chart of
S601：首次安装稀土永磁电动机时，检测当前的供电电压，选择与所述供电电压对应的感应电势。S601: When installing the rare earth permanent magnet motor for the first time, detect the current power supply voltage, and select the induced potential corresponding to the power supply voltage.
由于供电电压因为各种因素可以存在浮动，从而与稀土永磁电动机的额定电压不匹配，因此，实时监测稀土永磁电动机的供电电压，选择与监测的供电电压相匹配的感应电势。Since the power supply voltage may fluctuate due to various factors, it does not match the rated voltage of the rare earth permanent magnet motor. Therefore, the power supply voltage of the rare earth permanent magnet motor is monitored in real time, and the induced potential matching the monitored power supply voltage is selected.
S602：由所述感应电势选择对应的出线端。S602: Select a corresponding outlet terminal according to the induced potential.
预先将感应电势与出线端的组合的逻辑对应关系做成表格，可以通过查表选择对应的出线端，从而将稀土永磁电动机的定子绕组按照选择的出线端进行连接，使供电电压与感应电势相匹配，提供永磁电机的功率因数。The logical corresponding relationship between the induced potential and the outlet terminal is made into a table in advance, and the corresponding outlet terminal can be selected by looking up the table, so that the stator winding of the rare earth permanent magnet motor is connected according to the selected outlet terminal, so that the power supply voltage is equal to the induced potential matching to provide the power factor of the permanent magnet motor.
需要说明的是，稀土永磁电动机在运行过程中也要实时监测供电电压与当前的感应电势是否相匹配，如果不匹配，则判断供电电压与当前感应电势的差值是否大于供电电压与相邻档位感应电势的差值，如果是，则选择并连接相邻档位的感应电势对应的出线端；如果否，则保持不变。It should be noted that during the operation of the rare earth permanent magnet motor, it is also necessary to monitor in real time whether the power supply voltage matches the current induced potential. The difference of the induction potential of the gear position, if yes, select and connect the outlet terminal corresponding to the induction potential of the adjacent gear position; if not, keep it unchanged.
本实施例提供的稀土永磁电动机的控制方法，基于稀土永磁电动机的三相定子绕组具有多个出线端，不同的出线端对应不同的感应电势。监测稀土永磁电动机的供电电压，根据监测到的供电电压通过查表选择与供电电压对应的出线端，将电源线连接到选择的出线端上，使供电电压与电机的感应电势相匹配，从而提供稀土永磁电动机的功率因数。The control method of the rare earth permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment is based on the fact that the three-phase stator winding of the rare earth permanent magnet motor has multiple outlets, and different outlets correspond to different induced potentials. Monitor the power supply voltage of the rare earth permanent magnet motor, select the outlet terminal corresponding to the power supply voltage through the table look-up according to the monitored power supply voltage, connect the power line to the selected outlet terminal, and make the power supply voltage match the induced potential of the motor, thereby Provides the power factor of rare earth permanent magnet motors.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the methods and technical content disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent of equivalent change Example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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| WO2011079601A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-07 | 华北电力大学 | Self-starting rare earth permanent magnet motor and control method thereof |
| CN102315701A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Permanent motor stator and wiring method of windings thereof |
| CN102332766A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2012-01-25 | 法雷奥电机控制系统公司 | The alternating current motor of the mixing electric equipment that is used to supply power and charges |
| CN107591923A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-01-16 | 张世兴 | A kind of Variable power motor and its intelligent controller |
| CN109067294A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Output-adjustable motor, control method thereof, compressor and air conditioner |
| CN111030549A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-17 | 克拉玛依市博瑞科技发展有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor dragging reactive feedback integrated device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2415533Y (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-01-17 | 陈贤珍 | Brushless permanent-magnet DC motor stator winding for flexible shifting |
| CN200987129Y (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2007-12-05 | 景德镇市景德电机有限公司 | High-reliability multi-power energy-saving electric machine for oilfield |
| CN101741161A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-16 | 华北电力大学 | A rare earth permanent magnet motor and its control method |
-
2009
- 2009-12-31 CN CN200910262198A patent/CN101741161A/en active Pending
-
2010
- 2010-06-25 WO PCT/CN2010/074484 patent/WO2011079601A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011079601A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-07 | 华北电力大学 | Self-starting rare earth permanent magnet motor and control method thereof |
| CN102332766A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2012-01-25 | 法雷奥电机控制系统公司 | The alternating current motor of the mixing electric equipment that is used to supply power and charges |
| CN102332766B (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2016-01-13 | 法雷奥电机控制系统公司 | For the alternating current motor of mixing electric equipment of powering and charge |
| CN102315701A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Permanent motor stator and wiring method of windings thereof |
| CN102315701B (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-08-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Permanent motor stator and wiring method of windings thereof |
| CN107591923A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-01-16 | 张世兴 | A kind of Variable power motor and its intelligent controller |
| CN109067294A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Output-adjustable motor, control method thereof, compressor and air conditioner |
| CN111030549A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-17 | 克拉玛依市博瑞科技发展有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor dragging reactive feedback integrated device |
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| WO2011079601A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
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