CN101739053B - Power supply regulator with active foldback current limiting circuit - Google Patents
Power supply regulator with active foldback current limiting circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101739053B CN101739053B CN200810161894A CN200810161894A CN101739053B CN 101739053 B CN101739053 B CN 101739053B CN 200810161894 A CN200810161894 A CN 200810161894A CN 200810161894 A CN200810161894 A CN 200810161894A CN 101739053 B CN101739053 B CN 101739053B
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Abstract
The invention mainly provides a power supply regulator, comprising a P type power transistor, a feedback circuit, a differential amplifier, a protection circuit containing an N type transistor current mirror and an active foldback current limiting circuit without containing a resistor. When the P type power transistor undergoes short-circuit current, the active foldback current limiting circuit increases the current at the output end of the direct current mirror in the protection circuit to restrict the current flowing through the P type power transistor. The invention also discloses the active foldback current limiting circuit which can increase the current at the input end of the direct current source in the protection circuit to achieve the same aim.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of foldback restricting circuits and the power regulator that uses this circuit, in particular to a kind of power regulator that uses the active foldback restricting circuits.
Background technology
Traditional method such as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 2.
Generally speaking; In the application of dc voltage stabilizer (power regulator); There are some holding circuits in the capital; And these holding circuits have overvoltage protection, over-temperature protection and short-circuit current protection, and wherein the short-circuit current protection can utilize a foldback current limiting circuit (foldback current limiting circuit) to realize.The mechanism of foldback electric current restriction is the most often utilized the interim size that detects electric current that changes, and reaches less restriction electric current.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the prior art of foldback current limiting circuit, and Fig. 1 utilizes transistor M
102Come detection power transistor M
101Electric current, when the situation of excess current takes place when, resistance R
S101On pressure drop be enough to let transistor M
105Conducting, have a charging current with M this moment
101Grid voltage V
EO1Live to strangulation, reach initial current limliting purpose.
Transistor M in Fig. 1
106, with resistance R
S102Be foldback current limiting circuit, purpose is the short-circuit current protection.When the situation of output voltage short circuit takes place when, transistor M
106To close, flow through resistance R S this moment
101Electric current increase, so transistor M
105Charging current also increase M like this thereupon
101Grid voltage, will be stayed in higher voltage quasi position by strangulation, let short-circuit current be limited in lower state.
In Fig. 2, as transistor M
202Detect power transistor M
201When having excess current to take place, resistance R
203On pressure drop enough with transistor M
220Conducting utilizes resistance R again
205With M
220Current conversion become voltage, and let transistor M
203Conducting produces a charging current with M
201Grid voltage V
EO2Live to strangulation, same as in figure 1ly reach initial current limliting purpose.When the situation of output voltage short circuit takes place when, transistor M
222Close, cause M
223Conducting, M
221Close, at this moment resistance R
204To promote transistor M
220Grid voltage, finally will increase transistor M
203Charging current, let short-circuit current be limited in lower state.
But, the resistance R among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
S101, R
203, R
205Also has the transistor M among Fig. 2
220, can receive technology and variation of temperature, and directly influence the precision of short-circuit current restricting circuits.In addition, prior art all uses resistance, if will electric current be limited in lower value, certainly will will increase resistance value.In Fig. 1, also need consider transistor M
106If the conduction impedance that is produced is transistor M
106Conduction impedance excessive, then possibly have influence on the regular event of Voltagre regulator.Comprehensive above-mentioned explanation, the precision of current limliting with the efficient use of chip area (area efficiency), is emphasis of the present invention under raising different process and the temperature variation.
Therefore; The inventor of this case works out a kind of foldback current limiting circuit; In particular to a kind of power regulator that uses active foldback current limiting circuit, it can improve the big present situation of precision difference of current limliting under different process of the prior art and the temperature variation.
Summary of the invention
The invention relates to a kind of power regulator, it is to utilize an active foldback current limiting circuit, and then the purpose of the high precision voltage sensing of reaching.
Preferable, this power regulator, it comprises at least:
One P type power transistor, its source electrode receive unadjusted first voltage source and produce second voltage that is conditioned according to a control signal in drain electrode;
One feedback circuit, it produces a feedback signal via the dividing potential drop to this second voltage;
One differential amplifier, its output is coupled to the grid of this power transistor, and its positive input terminal is coupled to this feedback signal, and its negative input end is coupled to a reference voltage;
One holding circuit, this holding circuit are to limit first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through by configuration, and when first electric current surpasses a predetermined value, improve the voltage of the grid of this this power transistor; Wherein, This holding circuit further comprises one first DC current mirror, and this first DC current mirror comprises a pair of N transistor npn npn, and this joins to grid to N transistor npn npn grid; Wherein a N transistor npn npn grid and drain electrode are joined and are that input end, the drain electrode of another N transistor npn npn are output terminal; And
One active foldback current limiting circuit, it is in order to restriction this first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through, and when this P type power transistor is short-circuited electric current, increases the electric current of this DC current mirror output terminal in this holding circuit.
Preferable, this power regulator, it comprises at least:
One P type power transistor, its source electrode receive unadjusted first voltage source and produce second voltage that is conditioned according to a control signal in drain electrode;
One feedback circuit, it produces a feedback signal via the dividing potential drop to this second voltage;
One differential amplifier, its output is coupled to the grid of this power transistor, and its positive input terminal is coupled to this feedback signal, and its negative input end is coupled to a reference voltage;
One holding circuit, this holding circuit are to limit first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through by configuration, and when first electric current surpasses a predetermined value, improve the voltage of the grid of this this power transistor; Wherein, This holding circuit further comprises one first DC current mirror, and this first DC current mirror comprises a pair of N transistor npn npn, and this joins to grid to N transistor npn npn grid; Wherein a N transistor npn npn grid and drain electrode are joined and are that input end, the drain electrode of another N transistor npn npn are output terminal; And
One active foldback current limiting circuit, it is in order to restriction this first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through, and when this P type power transistor is short-circuited electric current, increases the electric current of this DC current mirror input end in this holding circuit.
For further specifying structure purpose of the present invention and effect, cooperate the icon example to specify now as after.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the example schematic of prior art;
Fig. 2 is another example schematic of prior art;
Fig. 3 is an example schematic that is used for active foldback current limiting circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 4～Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram that is used for active foldback current limiting circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is another example schematic that is used for active foldback current limiting circuit of the present invention; And
Fig. 7～Fig. 8 is another circuit diagram that is used for active foldback current limiting circuit of the present invention.
[primary clustering symbol description]
M
101Power transistor
M
102M
105M
106Transistor
R
S101R
S102Resistance
M
201Power transistor
M
201M
202M
203M
220M
221M
223Transistor
R
203R
204R
205Resistance
V
EO1V
EO2Voltage
300 active foldback current limiting circuits
M
301Power transistor
M
303M
304Transistor
M
302M
305M
306Transistor
The OP3 differential amplifier
The RFB3 feedback circuit
I
LIM400～I
LIM403Signal
M
407～M
418Transistor
M
508, M
515With M
522Transistor
The OP6 differential amplifier
The RFB6 feedback circuit
M
601Power transistor
M
603M
604Transistor
M
602M
605M
606Transistor
600 active foldback current limiting circuits
I
LIM701～703The output signal
M
707～718Transistor
I
LIM801～803The output signal
M
807～827Transistor
Embodiment
Generation for fear of short-circuit current; The present invention proposes an active foldback current limiting circuit, and (Active Foldback Current Limiting Circuit AFCLC), is limited in extremely low state with short-circuit current; And reduce the power consumption of this moment, avoid damaging packing.
Fig. 3 is active foldback current limiting circuit and the power regulator synoptic diagram that uses this active foldback current limiting circuit, and this power regulator comprises: a P type power transistor M
301One feedback circuit RFB3; One differential amplifier OP3; One comprises N transistor npn npn current mirror (by transistor M
303, M
304Form) holding circuit (comprise transistor M
302, M
305, M
306); And one do not comprise resistance active foldback current limiting circuit 300, it is in order to restriction this P type power transistor M that flows through
301Electric current, and as this P type power transistor M
301During short circuit, increase in this holding circuit transistor M in this DC current source
304The electric current of output terminal.
Fig. 4 is for being used in the N-1 type active foldback current limiting circuit of this circuit 300 of Fig. 3, transistor M
407～M
418Constitute foldback mechanism, wherein transistor M
407, M
411, M
415Be certain DC current source, transistor M
409, M
413, M
417Be the size of decision short circuit current limitation, and transistor M
410Grid receive feedback voltage V
FB3, transistor M
414, M
418Then receive the output terminal of Voltagre regulator, output signal I
LIM401～I
LIM403Then receive the grid of transistor M306 among Fig. 3.Operating principle is following: the action of at the beginning current limliting does, takes place when output load current has the situation of excess current, makes transistor M
306Conducting, and produce a charging current with M
301Grid voltage live to strangulation, so accomplished initial electric current restriction (I
LIM400), this moment transistor M
410, M
414With M
418All conductings.Heal greatly when output load current, then output voltage will descend, so feedback voltage V
FB3Also can descend, work as feedback voltage V
FB3Be lower than transistor M
410Limit voltage (Threshold) time, transistor M
410Close, at this moment transistor M
409Can be to transistor M
306Grid discharge, so power transistor M
301Grid will be clamped at higher voltage quasi position, so reached the foldback electric current restriction (I of phase one
LIM401).In like manner, when output load current continuation increase, output voltage also continues to descend, if suitably design transistor M
414With M
418Required minimum forward voltage, just M
414Minimum forward voltage greater than M
418Minimum forward voltage.So transistor M
414Will close earlier, and transistor M
413Can increase transistor M
306So the discharge current of grid is power transistor M
301Grid voltage, with being clamped at the voltage quasi position higher, so accomplished the foldback electric current restriction (I of subordinate phase than the phase one
LIM402).At last, load current is increased to and lets output voltage enough close transistor M
418, this moment transistor M
417Again increase transistor M
306The discharge current of grid is accomplished the foldback electric current restriction (I of phase III then
L1M403).
In like manner, Fig. 5 is for being used in the P-2 type active foldback current limiting circuit of this circuit 300 of Fig. 3.When initial current limliting takes place, transistor M
508, M
515With M
522All conductings are when stage foldback mechanism starts transistor M
508, M
515With M
522Can close in regular turn, so power transistor M
301Grid voltage, will be clamped on the higher voltage level.
Fig. 6 is active foldback current limiting circuit and the power regulator synoptic diagram that uses this active foldback current limiting circuit, and this power regulator comprises: a P type power transistor M
601One feedback circuit RFB6; One differential amplifier OP6; One comprises N transistor npn npn current mirror (by transistor M
603, M
604Form) holding circuit (further comprise transistor M
602, M
605, M
606); And one do not comprise resistance active foldback current limiting circuit 600, it is in order to restriction this P type power transistor M that flows through
601Electric current, and as this P type power transistor M
601During short circuit, increase in this holding circuit transistor M in this DC current source
603The electric current of input end.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 be different be in, this active foldback current limiting circuit 300 and this active foldback current limiting circuit 600 are connected to output terminal and this DC current mirror input end of this DC current mirror respectively.
Fig. 7 is for being used in the N-2 type active foldback current limiting circuit of this circuit 600 among Fig. 6, transistor M
707～718Constitute foldback mechanism, wherein transistor M
707, M
711, M
715Be certain electric current, transistor M
709, M
713, M
717Be the size of decision short circuit current limitation, and the grid of transistor M710 is received feedback voltage V
FB6, transistor M
714/718Then receive the output terminal of Voltagre regulator, output signal I
LIM701～703Then receive transistor M among Fig. 6
602, M
603Drain electrode.
Its operating principle is following: the action of at the beginning current limliting is identical with Fig. 6, when output load current has the situation generation of excess current, makes transistor M
606Conducting, and produce a charging current with M
601Grid voltage live to strangulation, so accomplished initial electric current restriction (I
LIM700), this moment transistor M
710, M
714With M
718All conductings.Heal greatly when output load current, then output voltage will descend, so feedback voltage V
FB6Also can descend, work as feedback voltage V
FB6Be lower than transistor M
710Limit voltage the time, transistor M
710Close, flow through transistor M this moment
603Electric current, by I originally
2-(I
9+ I
13+ I
17) increase to I
2'-(I
13+ I
17), make transistor M
606Grid voltage descend manyly, and increased power transistor M
601The charging current of grid, and power transistor M
601Grid will be clamped at higher voltage quasi position, so reached the foldback electric current restriction (I of phase one
LIM701).In like manner, when output load current continuation increase, output voltage also continues to descend, if suitably design transistor M
714With M
718Required minimum forward voltage, just M
714Minimum forward voltage greater than M
718Required minimum forward voltage.So transistor M
714Will close earlier, flow through transistor M this moment
603Electric current, by the I of foldback phase one
2'-(I
13+ I
17) increase to I
2" I
17, and increased power transistor M
601The charging current of grid, the foldback electric current of so just having accomplished subordinate phase limits (I
LIM702).At last, load current is increased to and lets output voltage enough close transistor M
718, flow through transistor M this moment
603Electric current be I
2" ', again increases power transistor M
601The charging current of grid is accomplished the foldback electric current restriction (I of phase III then
LIM703).Because the foldback current limliting of phase III is by electric current I
2" ' determine, so the error of a foldback current limliting residual electricity stream I just
2" ', is as long as transistor M
602Detected electric current is enough accurate, and that foldback current limliting error will reduce greatly.
In like manner, Fig. 8 is P-1 type active foldback current limiting circuit figure, and the operating principle of its P-1 type is following: transistor M
807～827Constitute foldback mechanism, wherein transistor M
807, M
814, M
821, M
809, M
816With M
823Be a constant current source, transistor M
812/813, M
819/820, M
826/827Drain electrode, receive transistor M respectively
808, M
815With M
822Grid, and transistor M
810/811Grid receive feedback voltage V FB6, transistor M
817/818With M
824/825Grid then be connected to the output terminal of Voltagre regulator, and output signal I
LIM801～803Then receive transistor M among Fig. 6
602/603Drain electrode.Initial current limliting action diagram 6 is identical with Fig. 3, takes place when output load current has the situation of excess current, makes transistor M
606Conducting, and produce a charging current with power transistor M
601Grid voltage live to strangulation, so accomplished initial electric current restriction (I
LIM800), this moment transistor M
608, M
615With M
622Can't conducting.When the situation that excess current takes place, just feedback voltage V FB6 is lower than transistor M
811Limit voltage the time, transistor M
812/813Drain voltage will be zero, so transistor M
808Conducting, an and charging current is provided makes power transistor M
601Grid voltage be clamped at higher voltage, so accomplished the foldback electric current limit (I of phase one
LIM801), and repeat such operation principles repeatedly, just can accomplish the restriction of active foldback electric current.
Four kinds of disclosed active foldback current limiting circuits also can be alternately or are applied to simultaneously at same power regulator, and those of ordinary skill in the art repeat no more at this when understanding.
Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Right its is not in order to limit the present invention; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a power regulator is characterized in that, comprises at least:
One P type power transistor, its source electrode receive unadjusted first voltage source and produce second voltage that is conditioned according to a control signal in drain electrode;
One feedback circuit, it produces a feedback signal via the dividing potential drop to this second voltage;
One differential amplifier, its output is coupled to the grid of this power transistor, and its positive input terminal is coupled to this feedback signal, and its negative input end is coupled to a reference voltage;
One holding circuit, this holding circuit are to limit first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through by configuration, and when first electric current surpasses a predetermined value, improve the voltage of the grid of this power transistor; Wherein, This holding circuit further comprises one first DC current mirror, and this first DC current mirror comprises a pair of N transistor npn npn, and this joins to grid to N transistor npn npn grid; Wherein a N transistor npn npn grid and drain electrode are joined and are that input end, the drain electrode of another N transistor npn npn are output terminal; And
One active foldback current limiting circuit, it is in order to restriction this first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through, and when this P type power transistor is short-circuited electric current, increases the electric current of this DC current mirror output terminal in this holding circuit; This active foldback current limiting circuit comprises at least:
The current source of group more than one, and this current source is formed by the P transistor npn npn;
The reverser of group more than one, the source electrode of its P transistor npn npn of reverser of these many groups respectively by these current source supplying electric currents of organizing more; And
The P transistor npn npn switch of group more than one, it is in order to the whether output of supplying electric current to this first DC current mirror of P transistor npn npn current sources of controlling these many groups, and the gate coupled of those P transistor npn npn switches is in the output of the reversers of these many groups; Wherein, its output of P transistor npn npn current source of these many groups is coupled in the output of this first DC current mirror.
2. power regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, an input end of the reverser of this active foldback current limiting circuit is coupled in the drain electrode of this P type power transistor.
3. power regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that an input end of the reverser of this active foldback current limiting circuit is coupled in the output of this feedback circuit.
4. power regulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, its limit voltage of N transistor npn npn in the reverser of this active foldback current limiting circuit is set according to the required of the short-circuit current of this second voltage and this power transistor.
5. a power regulator is characterized in that, comprises at least:
One P type power transistor, its source electrode receive unadjusted first voltage source and produce second voltage that is conditioned according to a control signal in drain electrode;
One feedback circuit, it produces a feedback signal via the dividing potential drop to this second voltage;
One differential amplifier, its output is coupled to the grid of this power transistor, and its positive input terminal is coupled to this feedback signal, and its negative input end is coupled to a reference voltage;
One holding circuit, this holding circuit are to limit first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through by configuration, and when first electric current surpasses a predetermined value, improve the voltage of the grid of this power transistor; Wherein, This holding circuit further comprises one first DC current mirror, and this first DC current mirror comprises a pair of N transistor npn npn, and this joins to grid to N transistor npn npn grid; Wherein a N transistor npn npn grid and drain electrode are joined and are that input end, the drain electrode of another N transistor npn npn are output terminal; And
One active foldback current limiting circuit, it is in order to restriction this first electric current of this P type power transistor of flowing through, and when this P type power transistor is short-circuited electric current, increases the electric current of this DC current mirror input end in this holding circuit; This active foldback current limiting circuit comprises at least:
The current source of group more than one, and this current source is formed by the P transistor npn npn;
First reverser of group more than one, the source electrode of its P transistor npn npn of first reverser of these many groups respectively by these current source supplying electric currents of organizing more;
Second reverser of group more than one, its input end of second reverser of these many groups is coupled respectively to an output terminal of first reverser of these many groups; And
The P transistor npn npn switch of group more than one, it is in order to the whether output of supplying electric current to this first current mirror of P transistor npn npn current mirrors of controlling these many groups, and those P transistor npn npn switch gate are coupled in the output of second reversers of these many groups; Wherein, its output of P transistor npn npn current source of these many groups is coupled in the output of this first current mirror.
6. power regulator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, an input end of first reverser of this active foldback current limiting circuit is coupled in the drain electrode of this P type power transistor.
7. power regulator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, an input end of first reverser of this active foldback current limiting circuit is coupled in the output of this feedback circuit.
8. power regulator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, its limit voltage of N transistor npn npn of first reverser of this active foldback current limiting circuit is set according to the required of the short-circuit current of this second voltage and this power transistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810161894A CN101739053B (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2008-10-13 | Power supply regulator with active foldback current limiting circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810161894A CN101739053B (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2008-10-13 | Power supply regulator with active foldback current limiting circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101739053A CN101739053A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| CN101739053B true CN101739053B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810161894A Expired - Fee Related CN101739053B (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2008-10-13 | Power supply regulator with active foldback current limiting circuit |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8169202B2 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2012-05-01 | Mediatek Inc. | Low dropout regulators |
| US8841897B2 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2014-09-23 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Voltage regulator having current and voltage foldback based upon load impedance |
| JP6253418B2 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2017-12-27 | エスアイアイ・セミコンダクタ株式会社 | Voltage regulator and semiconductor device |
| CN105159391B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2018-01-19 | 杭州士兰微电子股份有限公司 | A kind of current source and the oscillating circuit using the current source |
| JP6610468B2 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-11-27 | 株式会社デンソー | Semiconductor device |
| CN108242888B (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2020-04-21 | 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 | Open-loop charge pump |
| CN114020086B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-23 | 无锡迈尔斯通集成电路有限公司 | LDO current limiting circuit capable of linearly changing along with input voltage |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5994884A (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 1999-11-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Booster circuit for foldback current limited power supplies |
| US6522111B2 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2003-02-18 | Linfinity Microelectronics | Linear voltage regulator using adaptive biasing |
| US7183755B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2007-02-27 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Constant-voltage power circuit with fold back current limiting capability |
-
2008
- 2008-10-13 CN CN200810161894A patent/CN101739053B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5994884A (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 1999-11-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Booster circuit for foldback current limited power supplies |
| US6522111B2 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2003-02-18 | Linfinity Microelectronics | Linear voltage regulator using adaptive biasing |
| US7183755B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2007-02-27 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Constant-voltage power circuit with fold back current limiting capability |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101739053A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20120829 |