CN101737164A - 并联涡轮装置及方法 - Google Patents

并联涡轮装置及方法 Download PDF

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CN101737164A
CN101737164A CN200910222142A CN200910222142A CN101737164A CN 101737164 A CN101737164 A CN 101737164A CN 200910222142 A CN200910222142 A CN 200910222142A CN 200910222142 A CN200910222142 A CN 200910222142A CN 101737164 A CN101737164 A CN 101737164A
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turbine
compressor
parallel
operation speed
fluid
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K·L·沃尔利
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General Electric Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F02C3/10—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor with another turbine driving an output shaft but not driving the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F02C3/13—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor having variable working fluid interconnections between turbines or compressors or stages of different rotors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及并联涡轮装置及方法。公开了一种并联涡轮装置(100)，其包括压缩机(110)和与该压缩机(110)可操作地连通的第一涡轮(120)，以及与该压缩机(110)可操作地连通的第二涡轮(130)。

Description

并联涡轮装置及方法
技术领域
本文所公开的主题涉及燃气涡轮。更特定而言，该主题涉及并联燃气涡轮装置。
背景技术
典型燃气涡轮驱动向电力网提供电力的发电机。涡轮的旋转速度关于电网频率锁定。这种电网频率保持相对恒定，在美国，其为60赫兹。但在电网过载的情况下，电网频率开始降低。这种降低由发电设备处的控制系统感测到，其迅速增加发电量并供应到电网以减轻电网频率的进一步降低。但在这样的频率降低期间，连接到电网的涡轮会减小旋转速度并保持与电网频率同步。涡轮旋转速度的这种减小使得由涡轮旋转地驱动的压缩机慢下来，且因而减少了通过涡轮的气流。通过涡轮的这种减少了的气流在非常需要的时候会降低效率以及由涡轮产生的发电量。
由于这些原理，该技术总是接受具有提高的输出、灵活性和效率的涡轮装置。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面，一种并联涡轮装置包括压缩机和与该压缩机可操作地连通的第一涡轮，以及与该压缩机可操作地连通的第二涡轮。
根据本发明的另一方面，一种用于提高发电设备的操作灵活性的方法包括将流体压缩成压缩流体流，将压缩流体流分成第一流束和第二流束，向第一涡轮供应第一流束且向第二涡轮供应第二流束。
根据本发明的又一方面，一种并联涡轮装置包括具有压缩机排放流的压缩机，压缩机排放流被分成多个流束，且该多个流束中的各个与单独的涡轮可操作地连通。
附图说明
在说明书结论处的权利要求书中特别地指出并明确地要求保护被视为本发明的主题。通过结合附图得到的以下详细描述，本发明的前述和其它特点和优点显而易见，在附图中：
图1描绘了本文所公开的并联涡轮装置的示意图。
部件列表：
并联涡轮装置.........................................................100
压缩机...............................................................110
第一涡轮/压缩机涡轮..................................................120
第二涡轮/输出涡轮....................................................130
电力网...............................................................140
压缩机引入流体.......................................................150
压缩流体流...........................................................160
第一流束/压缩机涡轮流束..............................................170
第二流束/输出涡轮流束................................................180
管路.................................................................190
第一燃烧器...........................................................210
第二燃烧器...........................................................220
配比器件.............................................................230
热回收蒸汽发生器.....................................................240
输出流束.............................................................250
蒸汽.................................................................260
旁路开口.............................................................270
发电机...............................................................300
具体实施方式
参考附图，对所公开的设备和方法的以下所述的实施例的详细描述在此以例示性且非限制性的方式提供。
参看图1，其图示了并联涡轮装置100的一个实施例。涡轮装置100包括单个压缩机110，压缩机110向两个单独涡轮120、130供应空气。使两个单独涡轮120、130与单个压缩机110合作允许涡轮之一，涡轮120，与压缩机110处于旋转同步，且使得发电机300旋转的另一涡轮130与电力网140的频率处于旋转同步。这就允许压缩机110的旋转与电力网140的频率彼此完全独立。压缩机110与电力网140的这种解耦允许压缩机110和涡轮120更接近它们的峰值旋转效率来操作，而与以下条件无关，例如，诸如：电力网140的频率、周围温度和压缩机引入流体150的密度。
操作两个涡轮120、130与单个压缩机110包括从压缩机110向两个涡轮120、130中的各个输送和配比流体。压缩流体流160的输送和配比包括将压缩流体流160分成多个流束170、180，这些流束运行穿过对应的多个管路190。在图1所示的实施例中，第一流束170为第一燃烧器210提供供应，第一燃烧器210又为第一涡轮120提供供应。类似地，第二流束180为第二燃烧器220提供供应，第二燃烧器220又为第二涡轮130提供供应。但本发明并不限于两个涡轮装置，且可包括任意数量的并联涡轮。此外，流束170、178可具有大体上相同的体积流率，或大不相同的体积流率。将了解的是，在不偏离本发明的范畴的情况下，对于具体应用，可定制流束170、180的体积流率。
至少一个配比器件230向操作者提供定制进入涡轮120、130其中各个的压缩流体流160的体积流率的灵活性。配比器件230在两个管路190之间分开流体流160。配比器件230可为阀、挡板、百叶窗或用于调节压缩流体流160的体积流率的任何其它机构。并联涡轮装置100也可包括任意数量的配比器件230来调节进入对应的管路190内的压缩流体流160。
在本文所述的实施例中，第一涡轮120与压缩机110处于旋转同步并向压缩机110提供动力。因此，第一涡轮120在本文中也被称作压缩机涡轮120。压缩机涡轮120由第一流束170提供供应，第一流束170在本文中也被称作压缩机涡轮流束170。但将了解的是，压缩机涡轮120可另外构造成向不同于压缩机110的装置提供动力。另外，第二涡轮130以与电力网140处于旋转同步的方式转动发电机300，并向电力网140提供电力。因此，在本文中也被称作输出涡轮130的第二涡轮130由第二流束180提供供应，第二流束180也被称作输出涡轮流束180。电力网140包括用于向消费者分配电的系统。但是，将了解的是，输出涡轮130可构造成为不同于发电机300/电力网140或除发电机300/电力网140之外的任何其它输出源或装置提供动力。
压缩机涡轮流束170和输出涡轮流束180的前述可调整性尤其允许操作者独立地配置涡轮120、130中各个的速度和发电量。输出涡轮130和发电机300的旋转速度可关于电力网140的电网频率固定。电网频率是交流电从发电设备经由电力网140传输到使用者所处的频率。电力网140确定电网频率，且各个发电设备需要以该频率向电网供应电力。本文所公开的实施例允许独立于电网频率来配置压缩机涡轮120的旋转速度。这种解耦允许独立于电力网140的电网频率来配置压缩机110的旋转速度和并联涡轮装置100的总功率输出。因此，压缩机110的旋转速度可独立于与电网频率的任何关系来增加或减小。这种解耦还允许操作者即使在电网频率降低时期期间都可从并联涡轮装置100产生恒定或甚至增大的功率输出。这也允许并联涡轮装置100有更高的总体操作灵活性和效率。
可通过将排气从两个涡轮120、130排出到热回收蒸汽发生器240来获得额外的操作效率。热回收蒸汽发生器240从燃烧输出流束250回收热，以产生蒸汽260来驱动蒸汽涡轮(未图示)。并联涡轮装置100与热回收蒸汽发生器240的这种组合也被称作联合循环发电设备。在一个实施例中，输出流束250中的至少一个包括旁路阀270，旁路阀270构造成允许燃烧输出流束250绕过热回收蒸汽发生器240。旁路开口270可为阀、挡板、百叶窗、门或用于调节输出流束250的体积流率的任何其它机构。
在另一实施例中，涡轮120、130中的至少两个使用共同的部件。举例而言，两个涡轮120、130可使用共同的燃烧器旋流喷嘴(swozzle)、过渡件、压缩机排放罐、涡轮叶片或者任何其它构件。使用相同的构件使得能够通过批量生产来节省成本。此外，涡轮120、130大小可较小，且从而比具有相同的总体功率输出的对应的单涡轮系统经受更小的操作应力。涡轮叶片(未图示)上的离心应力也是由本发明实施例减小的一种这样的负荷。
以带有冠词“一”或“一个”的方式介绍了实施例的元件。这样的冠词意图表示存在一个或多个该元件。用语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的衍生词意图是包括性的，使得可存在不同于所列出的元件的额外元件。连接词“或”当与至少两个用语的列表一起使用时意图表示任何用语或用语组合。用语“第一”和“第二”用来区别元件且并不用来表示特定的次序。
虽然已结合仅有限数量的实施例详细地描述了本发明，但将容易地了解的是，本发明并不限于这些公开的实施例。而是本发明可进行修改，以结合前面未描述但是与本发明的精神和范畴相适应的任意数量的变型、更改、替代或等效布置。此外，虽然描述了本发明的各种实施例，但是将了解的是，本发明的方面可仅包括所述实施例中的一些实施例。相应地，并不认为本发明受前文描述的限制，而是仅受所附权利要求书范畴的限制。

Claims (10)

1.一种并联涡轮装置(100)，包括：
压缩机(110)；
与所述压缩机(110)可操作地连通的第一涡轮(120)；以及
与所述压缩机(110)可操作地连通的第二涡轮(130)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的并联涡轮装置(100)，其特征在于，所述第一涡轮(120)构造成向所述压缩机(110)提供动力。
3.根据权利要求1所述的并联涡轮装置(100)，其特征在于，所述第二涡轮(130)构造成向发电机(300)提供动力，所述发电机(300)向电力网(140)提供电力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的并联涡轮装置(100)，其特征在于，所述第一涡轮(120)具有可配置的第一涡轮操作速度且所述第二涡轮(130)具有可配置的第二涡轮操作速度，所述第一涡轮操作速度和所述第二涡轮操作速度能够独立地配置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的并联涡轮装置(100)，其特征在于，所述第一涡轮操作速度能够独立于电力网(140)频率来配置。
6.根据权利要求4所述的并联涡轮装置(100)，其特征在于，所述第二涡轮操作速度能够关于电力网(140)频率而固定。
7.根据权利要求1所述的并联涡轮装置(100)，其特征在于，所述并联涡轮装置(100)还包括用于调节进入所述第一涡轮(120)和所述第二涡轮(130)其中至少一个的流(160)的量的配比器件(230)。
8.一种用于提高发电设备的操作灵活性的方法，包括：
将流体(150)压缩成压缩流体流(160)；
将所述压缩流体流(160)分成第一流束(170)和第二流束(180)；
为第一涡轮(120)供应所述第一流束(170)；以及
为第二涡轮(130)供应所述第二流束(180)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用于提高发电设备的操作灵活性的方法，其还包括以第一涡轮操作速度来配置所述第一涡轮(120)和以第二涡轮操作速度来配置所述第二涡轮(130)，所述第一涡轮操作速度和所述第二涡轮操作速度能够独立地配置。
10.一种并联涡轮装置(100)，包括：
具有压缩机排放流(160)的压缩机(110)，所述压缩机排放流(160)被分成多个流束(170，180)，所述多个流束(170，180)中的各个与单独的涡轮(120，130)可操作地连通。
CN200910222142A 2008-11-07 2009-11-06 并联涡轮装置及方法 Pending CN101737164A (zh)

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US12/266,897 US20100115912A1 (en) 2008-11-07 2008-11-07 Parallel turbine arrangement and method

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