CN101724803B - Preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101724803B CN101724803B CN2008102243106A CN200810224310A CN101724803B CN 101724803 B CN101724803 B CN 101724803B CN 2008102243106 A CN2008102243106 A CN 2008102243106A CN 200810224310 A CN200810224310 A CN 200810224310A CN 101724803 B CN101724803 B CN 101724803B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of composition powder for a high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating. The composite powder comprises the following component phases in percent by weight: 67 to 80 percent of NiCr-Cr3C2, 10 to 23 percent of BaF2/CaF2 and 10 to 23 percent of Ni; and the preparation method comprises the following steps of: fusing and crushing the BaF2 and the CaF2 powders, ball-milling to reach the grain size of 1 to 2Mum, reducing and coating a nickel layer by utilizing high-pressure hydrogen, fully mixing with the NiCr-Cr3C2, atomizing, drying and pelleting, and sintering at the high temperature to finally prepare NiCr/Ni-Cr3C2-BaF2/CaF2 composite powder. The method has simple flow, small device investment and high technical content; and the prepared powder material is particularly suitable for preparing the high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating in a hypersonic flame spraying way.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material, particularly a kind of preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating.
Background technology
In the novel carrier-borne combustion machine of modern development, press for big impellent, low oil consumption, high efficiency high-performance aircraft engine and gas-engine.Development high-performance aircraft engine is very urgent, wherein increases work efficiency in the design of aircraft engine and internal combustion turbine and is very crucial in making, and the better seal mode is to adopt brush seal to improve the working efficiency of pneumatic plant at present.Owing to adopt shrink-fit, require performances such as a runway with the friction of brush silk has with substrate combinating strength height, high temperature resistant (below 700 ℃), corrosion-resistant (ocean environment corrosion), resistance to wears, scour resistance, high-temperature self-lubrication.
At present domestic have WC/Co, CoMoCrSi, NiCrBSi, CoCrW, Al at the widely used wear-resistant coating of aircraft industry
2O
3TiO
2, NiCr-Cr
3C
2Deng, in above coated material, have only Al
2O
3TiO
2, NiCr-Cr
3C
2Two kinds of coatings can satisfy 700 ℃ use temperature, the corrosion of anti-ocean environment and wear-resistant requirement.But Al
2O
3TiO
2Low with the bonding strength of body material, can't meet design requirement.NiCr-Cr
3C
2Though can meet design requirement, lack the high-temperature self-lubrication performance with the bonding strength of body material.Therefore domestic amorphous products is badly in need of a kind of high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating material of development, satisfies the carrier-borne combustion machine of new model engine design needs.
States such as Russia, the U.S. develop with CaF at present
2, BaF
2Deng being lubricated phase, prepare the wear-resistant self-lubricating performance coated material that uses below 800 ℃, be successfully applied to aircraft engine.But its powder bans the sale of, and powder preparing technology and spraying coating process are in secret.
The powder spraying method mainly contains plasma spraying, hypersonic flame spraying (HVOF), detonation flame spraying etc.At present both at home and abroad for NiCr-Cr
3C
2The most of HVOF (being hypersonic flame spraying) that adopts of based powders spraying.Mainly be the volatilization of lubricated phases such as its flame velocity fast (2000m/s), temperature relatively low (3000 ℃), the decomposition that in spraying process, can effectively suppress wear-resisting phases such as carbide, minimizing low melting point fluorochemical, can obtain the coating of bonding strength height, densification.
Present NiCr-Cr
3C
2The preparation technology of composite powder mainly contains two kinds of hybrid system, coating methods.Hybrid system is with NiCr powdered alloy (or Ni, Cr element powder), Cr
3C
2Slurrying, spray drying granulation are then evenly carried out in various starting powder wet-millings such as powder.Adopt this legal system to be equipped with NiCr-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2Reunion powder on composition evenly, but in the powder spraying process Cr
3C
2At high temperature easily decarburization is decomposed, BaF
2And CaF
2Molten boiling point is lower, can produce a large amount of volatilizations, causes coating performance inconsistent, be difficult to guarantee in the coating hard mutually and lubricated uniform distribution and consistence mutually, directly influences wear-resisting, the lubricity and the work-ing life of coating.The coating method has methods such as reunion-sintering crushing, High Pressure Hydrogen reduction, thermodiffusion.Reunion-sintering crushing method is that the mixed powder with hybrid system or mist projection granulating carries out sintering, and the coated composite powder of preparation is difficult to coat complete, and is influential to the consistence of coating performance.High Pressure Hydrogen reduction-thermal diffusion process adopts the High Pressure Hydrogen reduction to coat the Ni layer at powder surface, and the Cr DIFFUSION TREATMENT is prepared alloy and coated complete composite granule then, and this coated powder suppresses Cr in spraying process
3C
2Decarburization decomposition, BaF under the high temperature
2And CaF
2Volatilization, keep wear-resisting phase and lubricated distribution, content mutually in the powder, help wear-resisting, the lubricity uniformity consistency of coating.
In sum, adopt High Pressure Hydrogen reduction-heat of activation diffusion technique to prepare NiCr-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2The cladded type composite granule with HVOF technology spraying preparation high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating, is a kind of high-performance, comparatively ideal preparation technology of coating then.At present, still less than research and patent report about the high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating powdered material.
Summary of the invention
(1) with BaF
2And CaF
2Powder is the mixed of (30: 70)～(34: 66) according to weight ratio, melts in the plumbago crucible of cleaning, and cooling becomes block eutectic, with the powder that block eutectic is pulverized, ball milling is prepared into 1～2 μ m;
(1) with BaF
2And CaF
2Powder is the mixed of 1:1～1:3 according to weight ratio, melts in the plumbago crucible of cleaning, and cooling becomes block eutectic, with the powder that block eutectic is pulverized, ball milling is prepared into 1～2 μ m;
(2) with BaF
2/ CaF
2Eutectic powder, nickel powder are put into autoclave, and the High Pressure Hydrogen reduction coats nickel dam, and the temperature of autoclave is 180～220 ℃, hydrogen pressure 4～6MPa, and coating nickel layer thickness is 0.5～0.8 μ m, will coat the BaF of nickel dam
2/ CaF
2Eutectic powder and 200～400 purpose NiCr-Cr
3C
2The powder thorough mixing, and be mixed with spray-dired slurry;
(3) adopt centrifugal spraying drying that uniform and stable slurry is carried out spray-drying process, inlet temperature is 330～350 ℃, and temperature out is 170～200 ℃, and centrifugal atomizing dish rotating speed is 9000r/min;
(4) under protection of nitrogen gas, at 1150～1200 ℃ of following sintering 3～5h of temperature, furnace cooling obtains NiCr/Ni-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2Composite granule.
Described NiCr-Cr
3C
2Middle Ni, Cr, Cr
3C
2Weight ratio be 4:1:5.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: this method flow is simple, the equipment input is little, with high content of technology, and the powder body material of preparing is particularly suitable for hypersonic flame spraying and prepares high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of the composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of the composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating of embodiment 1 preparation.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing:
Embodiment 1
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating, it is characterized in that, composite granule becomes phase-splitting by weight: NiCr-Cr
3C
2: 75%, BaF
2/ CaF
2: 12.5%, Ni:12.5% forms, and the preparation method is:
(1) with BaF
2And CaF
2Powder is the ratio 1.25kg mixing altogether of 32%:68% according to weight ratio, melts in the plumbago crucible of cleaning, and cooling becomes block eutectic, with the powder that block eutectic is pulverized, ball milling is prepared into 1 μ m;
(2) with BaF
2/ CaF
2The nickel powder of eutectic powder and 1.25kg is put into autoclave, and the High Pressure Hydrogen reduction coats nickel dam, and the temperature of autoclave is 190 ℃, hydrogen pressure 4MPa, and coating nickel layer thickness is 0.5 μ m, will coat the BaF of nickel dam
2/ CaF
2The 325 order NiCr-Cr of eutectic powder and 7.5kg
3C
2The powder thorough mixing is mixed with spray-dired slurry, described NiCr-Cr
3C
2Middle Ni, Cr, Cr
3C
2Weight ratio be 4:1:5;
(3) adopt centrifugal spraying drying that uniform and stable slurry is carried out spray-drying process, inlet temperature is 330 ℃, and temperature out is 180 ℃, and centrifugal atomizing dish rotating speed is 9000r/min;
(4) under protection of nitrogen gas, at 1200 ℃ of following sintering 3h of temperature, furnace cooling obtains NiCr/Ni-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2Composite granule.
Cr in this composite granule
3C
2Be wear-resisting phase, BaF
2/ CaF
2For lubricated phase, NiCr/Ni are the metal bonding phase.
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of the composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating of embodiment 1 preparation, can be obtained the out-of-shape of powder by Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating of embodiment 1 preparation, and the surface topography of powder is more coarse as seen from Figure 2.
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of the composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating of embodiment 1 preparation.The composition that can analyze this powdered material is mainly Ni, Cr.
The loose density and the flowability that adopt international detection method to measure powder are: loose density: 1.9g/cm
3, flowability: 52.2s/50g.
Embodiment 2
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating, it is characterized in that, composite granule becomes phase-splitting by weight: NiCr-Cr
3C
2: 70%, BaF
2/ CaF
2: 12.5%, Ni:17.5% forms, and the preparation method is:
(1) with BaF
2And CaF
2Powder is the ratio 1.25kg mixing altogether of 30%:70% according to weight ratio, melts in the plumbago crucible of cleaning, and cooling becomes block eutectic, with the powder that block eutectic is pulverized, ball milling is prepared into 1 μ m;
(2) with BaF
2/ CaF
2The nickel powder of eutectic powder and 1.75kg is put into autoclave, and the High Pressure Hydrogen reduction coats nickel dam, and the temperature of autoclave is 200 ℃, hydrogen pressure 5MPa, and coating nickel layer thickness is 0.7 μ m, will coat the BaF of nickel dam
2/ CaF
2The 300 order NiCr-Cr of eutectic powder and 7kg
3C
2The powder thorough mixing is mixed with spray-dired slurry, described NiCr-Cr
3C
2Middle Ni, Cr, Cr
3C
2Weight ratio be 4:1:5;
(3) adopt centrifugal spraying drying that uniform and stable slurry is carried out spray-drying process, inlet temperature is 340 ℃, and temperature out is 190 ℃, and centrifugal atomizing dish rotating speed is 9000r/min;
(4) under protection of nitrogen gas, at 1170 ℃ of following sintering 3.5h of temperature, furnace cooling obtains NiCr/Ni-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2Composite granule.
Cr in this composite granule
3C
2Be wear-resisting phase, BaF
2/ CaF
2For lubricated phase, NiCr/Ni are the metal bonding phase.
The loose density and the flowability that adopt international detection method to measure powder are: loose density: 2.0g/cm
3, flowability: 54.5s/50g.
Embodiment 3
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating, it is characterized in that, composite granule becomes phase-splitting by weight: NiCr-Cr
3C
2: 72.5%, BaF
2/ CaF
2: 12.5%, Ni:15% forms, and the preparation method is:
(1) with BaF
2And CaF
2Powder is the ratio 1.25kg mixing altogether of 34%:66% according to weight ratio, melts in the plumbago crucible of cleaning, and cooling becomes block eutectic, with the powder that block eutectic is pulverized, ball milling is prepared into 1 μ m;
(2) with BaF
2/ CaF
2The nickel powder of eutectic powder and 1.5kg is put into autoclave, and the High Pressure Hydrogen reduction coats nickel dam, and the temperature of autoclave is 180 ℃, hydrogen pressure 4.5MPa, and coating nickel layer thickness is 0.6 μ m, will coat the BaF of nickel dam
2/ CaF
2The 275 order NiCr-Cr of eutectic powder and 7.25kg
3C
2The powder thorough mixing is mixed with spray-dired slurry, described NiCr-Cr
3C
2Middle Ni, Cr, Cr
3C
2Weight ratio be 4:1:5;
(3) adopt centrifugal spraying drying that uniform and stable slurry is carried out spray-drying process, inlet temperature is 350 ℃, and temperature out is 200 ℃, and centrifugal atomizing dish rotating speed is 9000r/min;
(4) under protection of nitrogen gas, at 1180 ℃ of following sintering 4h of temperature, furnace cooling obtains NiCr/Ni-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2Composite granule.
Cr in this composite granule
3C
2Be wear-resisting phase, BaF
2/ CaF
2For lubricated phase, NiCr/Ni are the metal bonding phase.
The loose density and the flowability that adopt international detection method to measure powder are: loose density: 2.0g/cm
3, flowability: 50.7s/50g.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating is characterized in that, composite granule becomes phase-splitting by weight: NiCr-Cr
3C
2: 67～80%, BaF
2/ CaF
2: 10～23%, Ni:10～23% forms, and the preparation method is,
(1) with BaF
2And CaF
2Powder is the mixed of (30: 70)～(34: 66) according to weight ratio, melts in the plumbago crucible of cleaning, and cooling becomes block eutectic, with the powder that block eutectic is pulverized, ball milling is prepared into 1～2 μ m;
(2) with BaF
2/ CaF
2Eutectic powder, nickel powder are put into autoclave, and the High Pressure Hydrogen reduction coats nickel dam, and the temperature of autoclave is 180～220 ℃, hydrogen pressure 4～6MPa, and coating nickel layer thickness is 0.5～0.8 μ m, will coat the BaF of nickel dam
2/ CaF
2Eutectic powder and 200～400 order NiCr-Cr
3C
2The powder thorough mixing, and be mixed with spray-dired slurry;
(3) adopt centrifugal spraying drying that uniform and stable slurry is carried out spray-drying process, inlet temperature is 330～350 ℃, and temperature out is 170～200 ℃, and centrifugal atomizing dish rotating speed is 9000r/min;
(4) under protection of nitrogen gas, at 1150～1200 ℃ of following sintering 3～5h of temperature, furnace cooling obtains NiCr/Ni-Cr
3C
2-BaF
2/ CaF
2Composite granule.
2. the preparation method of a kind of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described NiCr-Cr
3C
2Middle Ni, Cr, Cr
3C
2Weight ratio be 4: 1: 5.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102243106A CN101724803B (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2008-10-16 | Preparation method of composite powder for high-temperature wear-resisting self-lubricating coating |
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| CN101724803A CN101724803A (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| CN101724803B true CN101724803B (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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