CN101718085B - Disposal method of Barrier Lake for artificially regulating and controlling drain flow and application thereof - Google Patents
Disposal method of Barrier Lake for artificially regulating and controlling drain flow and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101718085B CN101718085B CN2009102161488A CN200910216148A CN101718085B CN 101718085 B CN101718085 B CN 101718085B CN 2009102161488 A CN2009102161488 A CN 2009102161488A CN 200910216148 A CN200910216148 A CN 200910216148A CN 101718085 B CN101718085 B CN 101718085B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disposal method of Barrier Lake for artificially regulating and controlling the drain flow and an application thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: digging a draining guide slot at the part of a relatively low-lying groove on a dam body of a barrier lake; in the draining intermediate stage of a Barrier Lake reservoir, carrying out artificial explosions or mechanical clearing on huge stones influencing downward erosion development in the draining guide slot so as to guarantee the stable growth of the down cutting flow; and in the draining later stage of the Barrier Lake reservoir, when the reservoir water drain flow in the draining guide slot reaches a set threshold value, putting an artificial structural body into the draining guide slot to stabilize a slot bed so as to control the quick down cutting of the slot bed and play a role of flow control. Compared with the prior art, the invention can avoid the phenomena that the draining efficiency in the initial stage is low, and the draining in the later stage is too quick and difficult to control, which are easy to appear when a conventional method is used for disposing the Barrier Lake, thus the invention greatly improves the emergency draining efficiency of the Barrier Lake and quickly reduces the risks of the Barrier Lake so as to greatly reduce the loss of an upstream flooding area and the risks of a downstream risk area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mitigation technology that a kind of barrier lake is disposed, particularly relate to barrier lake method of disposal and application thereof that a kind of artificial regulatory is drained flow.
Background technology
Barrier lake is a kind of natural landforms phenomenon, comprise that callapsed landslide barrier lake, glacier that earthquake brings out stop up the drift-dam lake that raceway groove forms etc., when there is mankind's activity in the downstream, flood meeting serious threat people's life and property safety that it bursts and produces are restricting the national vast mountain area national economic development.
On May 12nd, 2008, Wenchuan earthquake between Longmenshan front range fault zone and back mountain fault zone and adjacent domain excited a large amount of barrier lakes, wherein noticeable is the Tangjiashan barrier lake in Beichuan county.The little hilllock sword barrier lake flood discharge in the flood discharge of Tangjiashan barrier lake, remote river, the large-scale barrier lake in several places such as Xiao family's bridge barrier lake flood discharge in Cha Ping river are disposed the result and all shown: damming dam overfall incision too fast produces super designing and arranging flood discharge water, increase the downstream area risk, cause the certain social economic loss.The risk of downstream area when bursting, reduce social economy's loss, research and develop a kind of very necessity of barrier lake method of disposal that flow artificially can regulate and control of draining in order to reduce barrier lake.
Form from particle, the material of barrier lake dam body is formed to be had based on boulder, has based on the rubble soil body, and wherein the latter accounts for major part, for example the Tangjiashan barrier lake.Based on this, at draining the barrier lake method of disposal that flow artificially can regulate and control and have wide practical value so that the exploitation of the barrier lake of the rubble soil body is a kind of.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at the deficiencies in the prior art, barrier lake at gravelly soil type damming dam is prone to the situation of " it is excessive restive that drainage initial stage drainage efficient is on the low side, the later stage is drained flow " when drainage groove is drained storehouse water, provide a kind of artificial regulatory to drain the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, drain the storehouse water of barrier lake safely apace, reduce the barrier lake risk fast, thereby at utmost reduce the loss of upstream flooding area and the risk in downstream threat district.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides a kind of artificial regulatory and drain the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, relate to the three phases that barrier lake storehouse water is drained, realize the high efficiency at storehouse water drainage initial stage and effective control of later stage drainage flow.Concrete steps are as follows:
A. drainage groove is excavated at low-lying relatively groove position on the barrier lake dam body, is target to the maximum with engineering quantity minimum, initial stage overcurrent and incision ability, determines and optimize the longitudinal section and the cross section pattern of drainage groove.
B. drain mid-term at barrier lake storehouse water, megalith in the drainage groove that influences the down-cutting development is taked modes such as human-generated explosives or mechanical removal, guarantee to drain the steady growth of flow; The judgement of described megalith is determined according to the engineering site actual conditions.
C. drain the later stage at barrier lake storehouse water, down-cutting at drainage groove is too quick, when the storehouse water drainage flow in the drainage groove reaches the setting threshold values, in drainage groove, put into artificial structure body and stablize the ditch bed, the quick incision of control ditch bed, the effect of performance control stream prevents to produce above the flood of downstream level of protection and endangers downstream area.Described setting threshold values is determined according to the design standard or the check standard of the flood control of downstream critical facility; For example general cities and towns are according to chance design in 20 years, chance checks in 50 years etc.
The barrier lake scale according to " the barrier lake risk class criteria for classifying " (SL450-2009) in 4.1.1 determine that promptly storage capacity is more than or equal to 0.1 hundred million m
3Be big-and-middle-sized barrier lake, less than 0.1 hundred million m
3Be small-sized barrier lake.The optimization pattern in described drainage groove cross section, at storage capacity less than 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the cross section of described drainage groove is a triangular section, the cross fall ratio in cross section is 1: 1.5～1: 2.0; At storage capacity more than or equal to 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the cross section of described drainage groove is trapezoidal one leg-of-mutton compound section, the cross fall ratio in cross section is 1: 1.5～1: 2.0.The optimization pattern of described drainage groove longitudinal section, at storage capacity less than 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the longitudinal section of described drainage groove is a linear pattern, the ratio that the ratio of longitudinal section falls more than or equal to original river course falls; At storage capacity more than or equal to 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the longitudinal section of described drainage groove is a broken line type, the ratio that each of longitudinal section section ratio falls all more than or equal to original river course falls, for preventing to wash away excessively, wherein abrupt slope section ratio falls smaller or equal to 3%.
Described drainage groove import position is provided with the protection of galvanized wire cage, and galvanized wire cage size can be 2.0m * 0.5m * 0.5m, and the filling particle diameter is the gravel of 50-200mm in the cage; Or the galvanized wire cage is of a size of 4.0m * 1.0m * 1.0m, and the filling particle diameter is the gravel of 100-400mm in the cage; Or the like.Described galvanized wire cage is herringbone in drainage groove import both sides, be connected with the drainage groove cell body, the galvanized wire cage spacing that is drainage groove import both sides diminishes gradually along barrier lake storehouse current direction, the galvanized wire cage spacing that also is drainage groove import both sides is to diminishing gradually near drainage groove cell body direction, with drainage groove cell body connection spacing minimum.
Described artificial structure body can be the steel concrete block of positive tetrahedron; Or the artificial structure body of forming based on four cylinders of positive tetrahedron optimal stability, this artificial structure body comprises the cylinder of four equal length, and an end of four cylinders is concentrated and is fixed on a bit, and the other end is spatially formed four summits of positive tetrahedron; Or the like.When setting threshold values by observing definite drainage flow reach, described artificial structure body can be gone in the drainage groove by throwing by machinery, perhaps is deposited in drainage groove two lateral extent drainage groove center certain distance (L
1And L
2) locate, utilize the lateral erosion of draining storehouse water to make artificial structure body enter drainage groove automatically, the effect of performance control stream.Distance L wherein
1And L
2Be that drainage groove drainage storehouse discharge reaches when setting threshold values the position that corresponding drainage groove lateral erosion is reached.Described artificial structure body can single use in drainage groove, in order to obtain better flow control effect, the use of also can contacting; Make full use of the interaction of artificial structure body and drainage groove bottom, prevent that drainage groove from washing away incision too fast and producing the flood that surpasses the downstream level of protection and endanger downstream area.
The incision ability of washing away that the present invention makes full use of storehouse water overflow reduces the barrier lake risk, and utilizes the erosion resistibility control of artificial structure body to drain flow, reaches the purpose of safety, rapid drainage barrier lake storehouse water, thereby reduces the barrier lake risk fast.Described barrier lake method of disposal is particularly useful for the barrier lake on gravelly soil type damming dam and disposes.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can avoid conventional method to dispose the phenomenon that barrier lake is prone to " initial stage drain that efficient is low, later stage drain too fast and restive ", improve the emergent efficient of draining of barrier lake greatly, reduce the barrier lake risk fast, thereby at utmost reduce the loss of upstream flooding area and the risk in downstream threat district; The barrier lake method of disposal of described artificial regulatory drainage flow is particularly useful for the barrier lake on gravelly soil type damming dam and disposes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the cross section is the drainage groove schematic cross-sectional view of triangular section.
Fig. 2 is that the cross section is the drainage groove schematic cross-sectional view of a trapezoidal triangle compound section.
Fig. 3 is that longitudinal section is linear drainage groove longitudinal section schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that longitudinal section is the drainage groove longitudinal section schematic diagram of broken line type.
Fig. 5 is based on the stereogram of the artificial structure body that four cylinders of positive tetrahedron optimal stability form.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view that the galvanized wire cage is connected with the drainage groove cell body.
Number in the figure is as follows:
1 drainage groove, 2 artificial structure bodies
3 galvanized wire cages
i
0The ratio in original river course falls
i
1The ratio of drainage groove longitudinal section falls
i
2The abrupt slope section ratio of drainage groove broken line type longitudinal section falls
1: the cross fall ratio in n drainage groove cross section
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Embodiment one
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6.The vertical river of the damming dam body direction of certain barrier lake is that overall centre is low, both sides are high, is the drumlin shape and lies across on main river, the vertical long 180m of river direction, along the river to long 250m, high 50～70m, total square 1,500,000 m that measure
3, maximum storage capacity 9,000,000 m
3The damming dam mainly is made up of the rubble soil body, the surface distributed boulder; Boulder diameter 1～3m, m surplus maximum gauge can reach 10 accounts for 20%; Rubble diameter 0.1～0.5m accounts for 70%; All the other small particle diameter soil bodys account for 10%; The lithology of boulder, rubble is mainly dolomite, dolomitic limestone, and rock matter is hard.The catchment area 158km of this barrier lake
2, calculate that according to the observation data at contiguous hydrometric station the peak flood flow of 5 years one chances is 400m
3/ s, 20 years peak flood flows of meeting are 520m
3/ s, 50 years peak flood flows of meeting are 610m
3/ s.Upstream side storehouse, damming dam water water level is 844.7m, downstream water level 776.5m; Master river, upstream warehouse-in discharge is stabilized in 15m
3About/s, and obvious seepage flow point is not seen in downstream, damming dam.In a single day this barrier lake bursts, and will threaten 2 fields, downstream about 80,000 people's in town the security of the lives and property.In order to reduce fast the barrier lake risk of bursting, the barrier lake method of disposal of utilizing artificial regulatory of the present invention to drain flow designs.
Described barrier lake method of disposal relates to the three phases that barrier lake storehouse water is drained, and at first drainage groove 1 is excavated at low-lying relatively groove position on the barrier lake dam body, and drainage groove 1 is by the design of 5 years one chance standard of flood, respective design flow 400m
3/ s, elevation is designed to 842.0m at the bottom of drainage groove 1 import; The cross section of drainage groove 1 is a triangular section, and the cross fall in drainage groove cross section is than 1: n is 1: 2.0; The longitudinal section of drainage groove 1 is a linear pattern, and i falls in the ratio in original river course
0Be 0.5%, i falls in the ratio of drainage groove longitudinal section
1Be 1%; Determine the cell body cutting depth according to hydraulic open channel uniform flow flow formula, design cutting depth 5.6m.Drainage groove 1 import position is provided with 3 protection of galvanized wire cage, and galvanized wire cage 3 is of a size of 2.0m * 0.5m * 0.5m, and the filling particle diameter is the gravel of 50-200mm in the cage, and galvanized wire cage 3 is herringbone in drainage groove 1 import both sides, is connected with drainage groove 1 cell body; Drainage groove 1 is terminal along connecing the abrupt slope, downstream.
Secondly, drain mid-term,, guarantee the steady growth of drainage flow in case when finding to have the above boulder of diameter 4m influence the development of drainage groove 1 incision, take the mechanical removal boulder at barrier lake storehouse water.
Select the artificial structure body of forming based on four cylinders of positive tetrahedron optimal stability 2 for use, its structure is a steel concrete.Drain the later stage at barrier lake storehouse water, the storehouse water in drainage groove 1 is drained flow and is reached 20 years one chances of cities and towns, downstream protection design standard flood discharge 520m
3During/s, in drainage groove 1 by the some single artificial structure bodies 2 of mechanical throwing; Storehouse water in drainage groove 1 is drained flow and is reached 50 years one chances of cities and towns, downstream protection check standard flood discharge 610m
3During/s, with 6 artificial structure bodies 2 polyphone, by mechanical throwing in drainage groove 1.Stablize the ditch bed by artificial structure body 2, the quick incision of control ditch bed, the effect of performance control stream prevents to produce above the flood of downstream level of protection and endangers downstream area.
Embodiment two
As Fig. 2, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 6.The vertical river of the damming dam body direction of certain barrier lake is that overall centre is low, both sides are high, is the drumlin shape and lies across on main river, the vertical long 611m of river direction, along the river to long 803m, high 82～124m, total square 2,000 ten thousand m that measure
3, maximum storage capacity 3.2 hundred million m
3The damming dam body is made up of the mud powder fine sand that contains of basement rock extruding or the kataclastics that forms that disintegrates, residual slide rock gravelly soil and reservoir area, bitter bamboo dam deposition; The surface distributed boulder, boulder diameter 1～3m, m surplus maximum gauge can reach 10.Upstream, damming dam side slope is more slow, and the gradient is 20 °; Side slope upper and lower, downstream is the abrupt slope, and the middle part is the gentle slope, the high 50m in slope, abrupt slope, top, and the slope was than 1: 0.7, and the gentle slope, middle part is sloping than 1: 2.5, the high 20m in abrupt slope, bottom, the slope was than 1: 0.5.The catchment area 3550km of this barrier lake
2, calculate that according to the observation data at contiguous hydrometric station the peak flood flow of 5 years one chances is 2160m
3/ s, 20 years peak flood flows of meeting are 3920m
3/ s, 50 years peak flood flows of meeting are 5120m
3/ s.Upstream side storehouse, damming dam water water level is 719.8m, level of tail water 669.5m; Master river, upstream warehouse-in discharge 83m
3/ s, and obvious seepage flow point is not seen in downstream, damming dam.In a single day this barrier lake bursts, and will threaten 5 cities, downstream, county town city to surpass 1,000,000 people's the security of the lives and property.In order to reduce fast the barrier lake risk of bursting, the barrier lake method of disposal of utilizing artificial regulatory of the present invention to drain flow designs.
Described barrier lake method of disposal relates to the three phases that barrier lake storehouse water is drained, and at first drainage groove 1 is excavated at low-lying relatively groove position on the barrier lake dam body, and drainage groove 1 is by the design of 5 years one chance standard of flood, respective design flow 2160m
3/ s, elevation is designed to 738.0m at the bottom of drainage groove 1 import; The cross section of drainage groove 1 is trapezoidal-leg-of-mutton compound section, and the cross fall in drainage groove cross section is than 1: n is 1: 1.5; The longitudinal section of drainage groove 1 is a broken line type, and i falls in the ratio in original river course
0Be 0.3%, i falls in the ratio of drainage groove longitudinal section
1Be 0.5%, i falls in the abrupt slope section ratio of drainage groove broken line type longitudinal section
2Be 3%; Middle part operation platform width is 6m, and the discrepancy in elevation of operation platform and bottom land is 10m, determines the cell body cutting depth according to hydraulic open channel uniform flow flow formula, design cutting depth 20m.Drainage groove 1 import position is provided with 3 protection of galvanized wire cage, and galvanized wire cage 3 is of a size of 4.0m * 1.0m * 1.0m, and the filling particle diameter is the gravel of 100-400mm in the cage, and galvanized wire cage 3 is herringbone in drainage groove 1 import both sides, is connected with drainage groove 1 cell body; Drainage groove 1 is terminal along connecing the abrupt slope, downstream.
Secondly, drain mid-term,, guarantee the steady growth of drainage flow in case when finding to have the above boulder of diameter 5m influence the development of drainage groove 1 incision, take the human-generated explosives boulder at barrier lake storehouse water.
Drain the later stage at barrier lake storehouse water, the storehouse water in drainage groove 1 is drained flow and is reached the 3920m that county town, downstream design of flood control standard was met flood in 20 years
3During/s, put into artificial structure body 2 and stablize the ditch bed in drainage groove 1, the quick incision of control ditch bed prevents to produce above the flood of downstream level of protection and endangers downstream area.The steel concrete block of selecting positive tetrahedron for use is as artificial structure body 2, with 6 artificial structure bodies, 2 polyphones, the artificial structure body 2 of some string polyphones is lined up 2 rows, be deposited in drainage groove 1 both sides respectively, utilize the lateral erosion of draining storehouse water to make artificial structure body 2 enter drainage groove 1 automatically, to flood peak performance regulating and controlling effect.
Claims (10)
1. an artificial regulatory is drained the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, it is characterized in that: described barrier lake method of disposal relates to the three phases that barrier lake storehouse water is drained, and step is as follows:
A. drainage groove (1) is excavated at low-lying relatively groove position on the barrier lake dam body, is target to the maximum with engineering quantity minimum, initial stage overcurrent and incision ability, determines and optimize the longitudinal section and the cross section pattern of drainage groove (1);
B. drain mid-term at barrier lake storehouse water, megalith in the drainage groove (1) that influences the down-cutting development is taked human-generated explosives or mechanical removal, guarantee to drain the steady growth of flow;
C. drain the later stage at barrier lake storehouse water, when the storehouse water drainage flow in the drainage groove (1) reaches the setting threshold values, in drainage groove (1), put into artificial structure body (2) and stablize the ditch bed, the quick incision of control ditch bed, the effect of performance control stream.
2. artificial regulatory according to claim 1 is drained the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, it is characterized in that: at storage capacity less than 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the cross section of drainage groove (1) is a triangular section, the cross fall ratio in cross section is 1: 1.5～1: 2.0; At storage capacity more than or equal to 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the cross section of drainage groove (1) is trapezoidal-leg-of-mutton compound section, the cross fall ratio in cross section is 1: 1.5～1: 2.0.
3. artificial regulatory according to claim 1 is drained the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, it is characterized in that: at storage capacity less than 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the longitudinal section of drainage groove (1) is a linear pattern, the ratio that the ratio of longitudinal section falls more than or equal to original river course falls; At storage capacity more than or equal to 0.1 * 10
8m
3Barrier lake, the longitudinal section of drainage groove (1) is a broken line type, the ratio that each of longitudinal section section ratio falls all more than or equal to original river course falls, wherein abrupt slope section ratio falls smaller or equal to 3%.
4. the barrier lake method of disposal of draining flow according to the arbitrary described artificial regulatory of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: drainage groove (1) import position is provided with galvanized wire cage (3) protection, galvanized wire cage (3) is of a size of 2.0m * 0.5m * 0.5m, and the filling particle diameter is the gravel of 50-200mm in the cage; Or galvanized wire cage (3) is of a size of 4.0m * 1.0m * 1.0m, and the filling particle diameter is the gravel of 100-400mm in the cage.
5. artificial regulatory according to claim 4 is drained the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, and it is characterized in that: galvanized wire cage (3) is herringbone in drainage groove (1) import both sides, is connected with drainage groove (1) cell body.
6. the barrier lake method of disposal of draining flow according to the arbitrary described artificial regulatory of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: artificial structure body (2) is the steel concrete block of positive tetrahedron, or the artificial structure body of forming based on four cylinders of positive tetrahedron optimal stability.
7. artificial regulatory according to claim 6 is drained the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, and it is characterized in that: artificial structure body (2) is single use, or polyphone uses.
8. the barrier lake method of disposal of draining flow according to the arbitrary described artificial regulatory of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: artificial structure body (2) is gone in the drainage groove (1) by throwing by machinery, or be deposited in drainage groove (1) both sides, utilize the lateral erosion of draining storehouse water to make artificial structure body (2) enter drainage groove (1) automatically.
9. according to the barrier lake method of disposal of the arbitrary described artificial regulatory drainage flow of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described setting threshold values is determined according to the design standard or the check standard of the flood control of downstream critical facility.
As claim 1 to 3 arbitrary as described in artificial regulatory drain the application of the barrier lake method of disposal of flow, it is characterized in that: described barrier lake method of disposal is applicable to that the barrier lake on gravelly soil type damming dam disposes.
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| CN2009102161488A CN101718085B (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2009-11-05 | Disposal method of Barrier Lake for artificially regulating and controlling drain flow and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102161488A CN101718085B (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2009-11-05 | Disposal method of Barrier Lake for artificially regulating and controlling drain flow and application thereof |
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| CN109811729A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-05-28 | 四川省水利科学研究院 | The controlled discharge structure and its method of barrier lake emergency disposal |
| CN111005349A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-14 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Closure steel frame cage structure for closure gap of large-tidal-difference deepwater embankment and closure gap closure construction method |
| CN111719497B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-03-15 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Protection system for weir dam overflow mouth antiscour |
| CN112525028A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 中国安能集团第三工程局有限公司 | Blasting method of drainage groove |
| CN113255124B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-11-18 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Ancient damming event reconstruction method based on sedimentary-geomorphic evidence chain |
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| CN116644505B (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-10-13 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Rapid design method for drainage groove of barrier lake |
| CN117933670A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-26 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Emergency scheduling design method for upstream and downstream water reservoirs of barrier lake |
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