CN101716011A - Method for clarifying liquid substance by using chitosan and carrageenan - Google Patents
Method for clarifying liquid substance by using chitosan and carrageenan Download PDFInfo
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- CN101716011A CN101716011A CN200910193603A CN200910193603A CN101716011A CN 101716011 A CN101716011 A CN 101716011A CN 200910193603 A CN200910193603 A CN 200910193603A CN 200910193603 A CN200910193603 A CN 200910193603A CN 101716011 A CN101716011 A CN 101716011A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for clarifying a liquid substance by using chitosan and carrageenan, and belongs to the technical field of food processing. The method comprises the following steps of: adding solution of chitosan and solution of carrageenan into the liquid substance to be clarified; mixing the solution of chitosan, the solution of carrageenan and the liquid substance to generate a floccule when the solution of chitosan is contacted with the solution of carrageenan in aqueous solution; and adsorbing and embedding macromolecular substances and suspended substances in the liquid substance to be clarified by using the floccule so as to clarify the liquid substance. The method is suitable for clarifying liquid beverage, such as fruit and vegetable juice containing phenols and protein with different precipitation mechanisms, tea beverage and the like. The method clarifies the liquid substance by using the chitosan and the carrageenan, so that the method can solve the problems of single function of a clarifier, long time consumption, high equipment investment, not high enough processing clarity and low solubility of the clarifier existing in the conventional clarification method; and the method has the advantages of little equipment investment, simple operation process, low price of raw materials, high clarifying speed, good effect and avoiding affecting the quality and flavor of a product and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing field, be specifically related to utilize shitosan and the coupling of OK a karaoke club jelly to comprising phenols, liquid beverages such as the fruit juice of the different PRECIPITATION MECHANISM of protein, tea beverage are clarified.
Background technology
The precipitation of Juice mainly is to be formed due to the big molecule by protein, polyphenols complexing, removes a kind of composition wherein, can reach the purpose of clarification.Therefore different according to Polyphenols in the Juice and protein content, the Juice precipitation can be divided into the leading precipitation of Polyphenols (as tea beverage, cider) and the precipitation (as pineapple juice) of taking as the leading factor with protein, therefore in the clarification process of fruit juice, to adopt different precipitating reagents just can effectively clarify according to the different PRECIPITATION MECHANISM of beverage, to reach the quality and flavor that neither influences beverage, can effectively remove the purpose of precipitation again.Mainly contain natural clarifying, enzyme process, membrane processing method, cryoprecipitation, absorption method and application fining agent etc. at present both at home and abroad.Natural clarifying DeGrain and length consuming time; The optimal treatment condition control of enzyme process is difficult, length consuming time, cost height; The membrane filter method complicated operation, film price height, administration of health requires tighter; Cryoprecipitation needs expensive freezing equipment and bigger processing place.Use the method for fining agent to have wide material sources, simple to operate, advantage that cost is low, therefore be subjected to each side and pay close attention to.But, adopt different precipitating reagents just can effectively clarify according to the different PRECIPITATION MECHANISM of beverage.
Shitosan from 1984 after field of food has been opened up new purposes, its application receives much concern.The shitosan wide material sources, cost is low, and is nonpoisonous and tasteless, and the pectin pulp precipitation of handling back formation also can be processed into food, is a kind of chemical clarification agent that is worthy to be popularized.But shitosan is for the precipitation of taking as the leading factor with protein, and clarifying effect is better, and not obvious for the leading sedimentation effect of Polyphenols; In food industry, carragheen can be used as stabilizing agent, emulsifying agent, thickener, dispersant and quality improver etc.Although rarely have the application of reported in literature carragheen in juice clarification, it is considered to very effective flocculant in the food dispersion, can will flocculate out based on the particle of polyphenol and protein in the food dispersion and reaches the effect of clarification.The carragheen that uses in the industry generally is κ-type (in this application, unless stated otherwise, otherwise carragheen promptly refers to κ-type carragheen).
Chinese patent application numbers 97108097.6 has proposed with shitosan and derivative thereof and the acid method as fining agent, find that effect is better than methods such as ethanol and tannin-gelatin, but still have clarification cycle floccule long, generation the shortcoming such as not tight of condensing with single shitosan.
Chinese patent application numbers 200610039835.3 has proposed to unite the method for use as fining agent with shitosan and xanthans, and this method is better than single shitosan fining process, can solve clarification length consuming time, handle the high inadequately drawback problem of clarity.But xanthans is poorly soluble, need be heated to 60 ℃ before using and stir evenly standby; If stir insufficiently, phenomenons such as caking will appear.Xanthans and shitosan effect simultaneously not only forms supernatant but also have precipitation to form, and therefore not only needed with filtration supernatant such as screen cloth, filter cloth but also needs the centrifugal precipitation of removing, and operates comparatively loaded down with trivial details.
Comprise phenols, the clarification of liquid beverages such as the Juice of the different PRECIPITATION MECHANISM of protein, tea beverage.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the liquid defecation method of a kind of efficient shitosan fast and carragheen coupling is provided.The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The liquid defecation method of a kind of shitosan and carragheen coupling, it is characterized in that chitosan solution and carrageenan solutions are added in the liquid to be clarified, when shitosan and carragheen are in contact with one another in the aqueous solution after mixing, produce floccule, macromolecular substances and suspension in the liquid that floccule adsorbs and embedding is to be clarified make liquid obtain clarification.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, specifically be earlier chitosan solution to be added in the liquid to be clarified, add carrageenan solutions after mixing again, stir again.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, specifically be earlier carrageenan solutions to be added in the liquid to be clarified, add chitosan solution after mixing again.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, specifically be that liquid to be clarified is divided into two parts, a chitosan solution that adds, another part adds carrageenan solutions, two parts of solution stirred while mixing again.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, earlier respectively shitosan and carragheen are mixed with chitosan solution and carrageenan solutions, and the addition of shitosan accounts for 0.01%～0.2% of liquid weight to be clarified, and the addition of carragheen accounts for 0.01%～0.1% of liquid weight to be clarified.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, shitosan content is 10g/L in the described chitosan solution, and the content of carragheen is 10g/L in the described carrageenan solutions.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, the shitosan mass concentration is that 1% acetate is mixed with described chitosan solution, and the carragheen water is prepared described carrageenan solutions.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, described macromolecular substances comprises more than one in protein, fat, the pectin; Liquid to be clarified is Juice, teas, drinks, health beverages or oral medicinal liquor.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, described floccule forms precipitation in the process of leaving standstill, will precipitate centrifugal.
In the above-mentioned defecation method, the clarified solution light transmittance after the processing is greater than 97%, and turbidity is 0.93NTU～1.32NTU.
The present invention adopts shitosan and carragheen to unite to make as fining agent and is used for the clear liquid state material.Shitosan is that a kind of linear polymeric carbohydrate that the N-acetyl group obtains is sloughed in the chitin hydrolysis; it is the abundant natural alkaline polysaccharide of a kind of content; have excellent biological compatibility, adaptability and security, U.S. food and medical and sanitary control office (FDA) approved its as food additives.Carragheen is a kind of polysaccharide that extracts from marine red alga (mainly being various Eucheumas), and its chemical constitution is D-galactolipin and 3, and the linear polysaccharide material that 6-dehydration-D-galactose residue is formed has ester formula sulfate group on the residue.
The mechanism of action of defecation method of the present invention is that shitosan and carragheen are high molecular polymer, in the aqueous solution, have different electric charges, when two kinds of materials are in contact with one another, because of positive and negative charge attracts each other, at once produce floccule, macromolecular substances and suspensions such as the protein in a large amount of absorption and the processed liquid of embedding, fat, pectin separate fast with mother liquor, thereby reach purpose quick, efficient clarification.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
Significant process of the present invention is with certain amount of chitosan (addition be liquid weight 0.01%～0.1%) and carragheen (addition be liquid weight 0.01%～0.1%), be dissolved into respectively in advance to add behind the solution and treat in the liquid of clarifying treatment, stirring makes fining agent fully be dissolved in the liquid, fining agent acts at once, protein in the processed liquid of a large amount of absorption and embedding, fat, macromolecular substances and suspension and formation precipitations such as pectin, centrifugally will precipitate removal, turbidity after the processing is minimum to have only 0.93NTU, and light transmittance is up to 98.5%.The clarified solution of uniting clarification through shitosan and carragheen carries out essence filter (ultrafiltration, counter-infiltration etc.) again, can improve the effect of smart filter greatly, and the product stability after the processing is good.The consumption of shitosan and carragheen will determine that the low more consumption of turbidity is few more according to the turbidity of liquid.Generally speaking, compare with present various defecation methods, the invention solves the clarifying treatment liquid the equipment investment height, clarify length consuming time, handle drawback problems such as clarity is not high enough, fining agent solubility is not high, operation is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, cost of material is low, equipment investment is few, and operating procedure is simple, and clarifying speed is fast, better effects if, and do not influence the product mouthfeel.The present invention is adapted to comprise phenols, the clarification of liquid beverages such as the Juice of the different PRECIPITATION MECHANISM of protein, tea beverage.The inventive method replaces the method for xanthans as fining agent with carragheen, has solved the poorly soluble problem of xanthans, and method of operating is simpler simultaneously.Can also be able to solve the length consuming time that exists in the present defecation method, equipment investment height, handle problems such as clarity is not high enough, fining agent solubility is not high.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment is not limited in this.
Embodiment 1: fresh making beating squeeze the juice and filter with 400 order filter clothes after the pineapple clarification of juice.
At first prepare fining agent solution: shitosan is dissolved into the chitosan solution of 10g/L with 1% acetic acid solution, and the carragheen water is dissolved into the carrageenan solutions of 10g/L.
The carrageenan solutions that adds 60mL10g/L at the 1000mL pineapple juice, stir, add the chitosan solution of 20mL10g/L again, fully mix, produce block firm floccule immediately and be sunken to the pineapple juice bottom, leave standstill to make in 60 minutes and precipitate fully centrifugal (4000r/min, 20 minutes, as follows), survey turbidity and light transmittance (detecting when λ=650nm), turbidity is 0.93NTU, and light transmittance reaches 98.5%.
Embodiment 2: fresh making beating and filter with 400 order filter clothes after the apple clarification of juice.
The carrageenan solutions that adds 40mL10g/L at the 1000mL cider, stir, the chitosan solution that adds 10mL10g/L again, fully mix, the block firm floccule of generation immediately also is sunken to the cider bottom, leaves standstill to make precipitation fully in 60 minutes, centrifugal, survey turbidity and light transmittance (detecting when λ=660nm), turbidity is 1.32NTU, and light transmittance reaches 97.5%.
Embodiment 3: the green tea clarification of juice.
Get the 50g green tea tablet, add 600mL90 ℃ of deionized water, and in 90 ℃ of water-baths constant temperature 15min, filter with 200 purpose filter clothes then, filter through filter paper again, tea juice.The carrageenan solutions that adds 30mL10g/L in the 500mL green tea juice in being cooled to room temperature, stir, the chitosan solution that adds 70mL10g/L again, fully mix, the block firm floccule of generation immediately also is sunken to the green tea bottom, leaves standstill to make precipitation fully in 50 minutes, centrifugal, survey turbidity and light transmittance (detecting when λ=640nm), turbidity is 1.25NTU, and light transmittance reaches 98.3%.
Claims (10)
1. the liquid defecation method of shitosan and carragheen coupling, it is characterized in that chitosan solution and carrageenan solutions are added in the liquid to be clarified, when shitosan and carragheen are in contact with one another in the aqueous solution after mixing, produce floccule, macromolecular substances and suspension in the liquid that floccule adsorbs and embedding is to be clarified make liquid obtain clarification.
2. defecation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that earlier chitosan solution being added in the liquid to be clarified, and adds carrageenan solutions after mixing again, stirs again.
3. defecation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that earlier carrageenan solutions being added in the liquid to be clarified, and adds chitosan solution after mixing again.
4. defecation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that liquid to be clarified is divided into two parts, a chitosan solution that adds, and another part adds carrageenan solutions, two parts of solution stirred while mixing again.
5. according to each described defecation method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that respectively shitosan and carragheen being mixed with chitosan solution and carrageenan solutions earlier, and the addition of shitosan accounts for 0.01%～0.2% of liquid weight to be clarified, and the addition of carragheen accounts for 0.01%～0.1% of liquid weight to be clarified.
6. according to according to each described defecation method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that shitosan content is 10g/L in the described chitosan solution, the content of carragheen is 10g/L in the described carrageenan solutions.
7. according to each described defecation method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the shitosan mass concentration is that 1% acetate is mixed with described chitosan solution, the carragheen water is prepared described carrageenan solutions.
8. according to each described defecation method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that described macromolecular substances comprises more than one in protein, fat, the pectin; Liquid to be clarified is Juice, teas, drinks, health beverages or oral medicinal liquor.
9. according to each described defecation method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that described floccule forms precipitation in the process of leaving standstill, will precipitate centrifugal.
10. defecation method according to claim 9, the clarified solution light transmittance after it is characterized in that handling are greater than 97%, and turbidity is 0.93NTU～1.32NTU.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910193603A CN101716011A (en) | 2009-10-31 | 2009-10-31 | Method for clarifying liquid substance by using chitosan and carrageenan |
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| CN200910193603A CN101716011A (en) | 2009-10-31 | 2009-10-31 | Method for clarifying liquid substance by using chitosan and carrageenan |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104387443A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 江南大学 | Method for efficiently recycling protein and free amino acid from potato starch processing wastewater |
| CN106262764A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉正天成生物科技有限公司 | Natural clarifying agent and application thereof |
| CN110923106A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 大连工业大学 | Beer clarifying agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113388479A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-14 | 黔南民族师范学院 | Rosa roxburghii fruit wine composite clarifying agent and preparation method thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-10-31 CN CN200910193603A patent/CN101716011A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104387443A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 江南大学 | Method for efficiently recycling protein and free amino acid from potato starch processing wastewater |
| CN104387443B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-11-28 | 江南大学 | A kind of method of high efficiente callback protein and free amino acid in processing waste water from farina |
| CN106262764A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉正天成生物科技有限公司 | Natural clarifying agent and application thereof |
| CN106262764B (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2020-02-11 | 武汉正天成生物科技有限公司 | Natural clarifying agent and application thereof |
| CN110923106A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 大连工业大学 | Beer clarifying agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113388479A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-14 | 黔南民族师范学院 | Rosa roxburghii fruit wine composite clarifying agent and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20100602 |