CN101715371B - 输送装置 - Google Patents

输送装置 Download PDF

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CN101715371B
CN101715371B CN2008800162189A CN200880016218A CN101715371B CN 101715371 B CN101715371 B CN 101715371B CN 2008800162189 A CN2008800162189 A CN 2008800162189A CN 200880016218 A CN200880016218 A CN 200880016218A CN 101715371 B CN101715371 B CN 101715371B
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CN101715371A (zh
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卡洛斯·吉勒莫
戴维·德萨尔沃
卢西奥·嘉姆巴蒂斯塔
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Estral Medical Company
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    • A61M5/178—Syringes
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    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
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    • A61M5/3158—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod performed by axially moving actuator operated by user, e.g. an injection button
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    • A61M5/31585—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on rotational translation, i.e. movement of piston rod is caused by relative rotation between the user activated actuator and the piston rod performed by axially moving actuator, e.g. an injection button
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
    • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
    • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
    • A61M5/3156—Mechanically operated dose setting member using volume steps only adjustable in discrete intervals, i.e. individually distinct intervals
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    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/3159—Dose expelling manners
    • A61M5/31593—Multi-dose, i.e. individually set dose repeatedly administered from the same medicament reservoir
    • A61M5/31595—Pre-defined multi-dose administration by repeated overcoming of means blocking the free advancing movement of piston rod, e.g. by tearing or de-blocking

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于输送预定量流体的输送装置，包括：主体(10)；设置在所述主体内的填充有要输送的流体的容器(16)，所述容器包括用于排出所述流体的开口和在所述容器(16)内可移动的壁(18)；带螺纹的活塞杆(46)，沿纵向方向可移动地设置在所述主体(10)内且接触所述可移动壁(18)；沿纵向方向可移动的手动推动器件(14，60)，在操作时能把所述活塞杆(46)朝向所述可移动壁移动，由此排出流体；和用于把所述推动器件(14，60)的大致线性运动转换为所述活塞杆(46)的旋转运动的转换器件。

Description

输送装置
技术领域
本发明涉及输送装置且特别涉及一种药物输送装置。
背景技术
在市场上存在各种不同类型的输送装置，且还存在已开发出但是未投放市场的更多的输送装置。这些装置显示了不同程度的自动化和功能，依赖于具体要求和需求。
输送装置涵盖从用于化妆品的分配器到用于给予重要药物的药物输送装置的范围，例如注射器、吸入器和喷雾器，其中许多都非常先进。先进的功能必然带来更复杂的机械方案，其需要大量的部件，这些部件必须可靠地且安全地相互配合，特别是在处理重要药物时。
因此这意味着这些装置的成本变得更高且还存在先进功能需要复杂操作步骤以运作该装置来给予药剂的风险。对于使用这种类型的装置的许多人来说太复杂了，导致不恰当地操作该装置，这可导致严重的后果。
对于一些类型的应用，这种装置不需要这么先进或其成本保持尽可能地低，但是仍具有相当的功能。另一方面，药剂被输送后，分配的流体具有流淌的倾向。对于一些类型的输送装置这是非常普通的，因为系统的“回弹”，例如弹簧中、药筒内部的橡胶塞子的滞留张力，等。
文献EP1547694涉及一种分配器方案，其中焦点在较低的制造和填充成本上。其包括外壳和流体插件，其中流体插件在两个位置之间移动以分配药剂。该方案显然非常具有成本-效率，但是操作功能不是理想。其无法防止输送药剂之后流体的流淌。因此需要一种成本-效率高的输送装置，其还包括良好的功能性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是纠正上述现有技术装置的缺点。
该目的是通过根据独立权利要求的输送装置实现的。优选实施例是从属权利要求的主题。
根据本发明的主要方面，其特征是一种用于输送预定量流体的输送装置。用于输送预定量流体的输送装置包括主体、设置在所述主体内的填充有要输送的流体的容器、所述容器包括用于排出所述流体的开口和在所述容器内可移动的壁，带螺纹的活塞杆(46)沿纵向方向可移动地设置在所述主体内且接触所述可移动壁，沿纵向方向可移动的手动推动器件在操作时能把所述活塞杆朝向所述可移动壁移动，由此排出流体，和用于把所述推动器件的大致线性运动转换为所述活塞杆的旋转运动的转换器件，其中所述转换器件包括设置到所述手动操作推动器件的第一组表面，该第一组表面相对于纵向方向倾斜且与设置在旋转地锁定到所述活塞杆的旋转驱动器件上的第二组倾斜表面协作。
根据本发明的另一方面，所述第二套倾斜表面沿驱动器件的圆周设置，且彼此之间具有预定的角度值，该角度值对应于要被输送的流体的预定量。
根据本发明的又一方面，所述驱动器件设置有棘齿接口，该棘齿接口与设置在主体上的固定棘齿接口协作，以防止所述驱动器件的返回运动。
根据本发明的又一方面，该装置还包括能将所述推动器件从所述推动器件被锁定而不能沿纵向方向手动操作的位置解锁到能操作的位置的器件。
根据另一重要方面，该装置还包括药剂输送器件，附连到所述容器的开口，其中隔断阀设置为在所述容器内部高于特定压力时打开，而在低于所述压力时关闭。
本发明显示了多个优点。以线性方式手动操作的推动器件的使用是容易的且方便使用者操作，同时由于旋转运动被用于施加压力到流体以将其排出，这意味着来自使用者的手动力的更有效使用，因为对于许多流体，要通过容器中的开口排出流体，线性手动力是太低了。尤其在具有高粘性的流体的情况下更是如此。
优选地，从线性运动到旋转运动的转换是利用倾斜表面执行，该倾斜表面例如斜坡和棘齿接口，其具有较少的部件，对于制造商是简单且成本有效。
通过改变坡道的倾斜度和螺纹的节距，可以以简单且有效的方式调节要输送的药剂量和设定输送所述药剂所需的力。
优选地，该装置在输送开口处设置有阀，用于防止输送药剂结束时的流淌。由于阀优选通过来自要输送流体的压力打开和关闭，在药剂输送的开始和结束时可获得阀的可靠的打开和关闭。
该装置还可设置有药剂输送单元，例如注射针、气雾喷嘴和雾化喷嘴，用于不同类型的应用、药物容器和用途。
下面的详细说明和所附附图显示本发明的这些和其它发明和优点。
附图说明
在本发明的下述详细说明中，将参考所附附图，其中：
图1是本发明的一个实施例的透视图；
图2是图1的实施例的另一透视图；
图3是本发明的一个实施例的横截面侧视图；
图4至6是图1的实施例的后部的横截面的详细视图；
图7是图1的实施例的前部的横截面的详细视图；
图8是包括在图1的实施例中的部件的横截面视图；
图9是实施例的另一部件的透视图；
图10是另一部件的透视图；
图11a和11b是实施例的又一部件的透视图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的装置在附图中示出。
该装置包括伸长主体10，其具有前端和后端，如图1和2。前端在储存和预备使用状态中设置有可去除帽12。后端设置有突出钮14，后文称为拇指钮，其功能将在下面描述。
如图3所示，容器16位于主体的内部，该容器例如是药筒、注射器、乳剂容器、气体容器，包括要被输送的流体。可移动壁18设置在该容器内部。在容器的前端处，例如通过圆柱件22的向外指向的沟槽和/或凸起24与容器2的圆柱件28的向内指向的沟槽和/或凸起26配合，而附连有端件20，如图7。
端件设置有中心开口30，流体可穿过该开口排出。阀32设置在该中心开口附近，并设置有前件，该前件的形状与中心开口相对应。阀弹性器件34，例如弹簧，设置在阀和容器之间，迫使该阀进入中心开口。通道36设置在容器的内部和阀与端件之间的间隔38之间，由阀在阀弹性器件的相对侧上的环形表面限定。
主体10还设置有中心通道42，该中心通道设置有螺纹部44和斜坡52，如图8，带螺纹的活塞杆46穿过该中心通道设置。大致圆柱状部件，后文称为驱动件48，设置在螺纹通道附近，如图10所示。活塞杆通过花键设计以旋转锁定但是可滑动的方式延伸穿过驱动件。驱动件的前端表面设置有棘齿接口，该棘齿接口具有与环绕中心通道的表面协作的倾斜坡道50，该表面具有主体10的相应斜坡52。驱动件的后端54具有稍大的直径且其圆周设置有多个向外指向的凸起56，其中向后指向的表面58稍微倾斜。在所示的实施例中，具有三个沿圆周设置为彼此成120°的凸起。
驱动件48与另一大致圆柱状的部件协作，后文称为触发套60，如图11a和11b。触发套的前端设置有圆周凸缘62，该圆周凸缘62具有多个切口64，其与主体10的内表面上的纵脊66配合，如图8。在触发套的内壁设置有斜脊68，其与驱动件48的凸起56的倾斜表面58配合，其配合方式将予以解释。
触发套60的后端表面70设置有倾斜表面72，其与拇指钮14的管状件78的相应表面76协作，如图9。拇指钮设置有主体内的前圆柱件80且通过圆周凸缘82与主体10的向内指向的凸缘84接触来防止向后移动。拇指钮的前圆柱件还设置有纵向沟槽86，该纵向沟槽的节距和宽度设置为与主体10的纵向脊66对应。在第一实施例中，拇指钮的前端表面，如图9所示，设置有多个倾斜表面88和档止凸缘90。在第二实施例中，拇指钮的周边表面还设置有释放钮，例如隆起，未示出，其能与主体10后端处的周边表面上的相应通孔或缺口(未示出)协作。而且，弹性器件92，例如弹簧，设置在拇指钮的内表面和驱动件的后端之间。
该装置的功能如下。当该装置被分发给使用者时，端帽12通过容器的外表面上的环形凸缘94与帽的内表面上的环形沟槽96的配合而被保持在装置上。通过拉离该装置，该帽被去除。拇指钮处于锁定位置中，如图4。下一步骤启动流体的输送。在第一实施例中，拇指钮14通过转动直至前端表面上的档止凸缘90接触主体的脊66而被解锁。在第二实施例中，通过按压释放钮使得拇指钮由于弹簧92施加的压力而受力被朝向其后端弹出且被迫转动直至前端表面上的档止凸缘90接触主体的脊66，从而拇指钮14被解锁。触发套60的倾斜表面72和拇指钮14的配合表面76用于把拇指钮保持在“关闭”和“打开”位置中，以及为使用者提供触觉反馈。在打开位置，脊66与拇指钮的沟槽86对齐，由此使得拇指钮能被推入到主体内，即使得可使用该装置来输送流体，如图5。
按压拇指钮导致触发套60向前移动，如图6。这由此导致驱动件48旋转，因为触发套的斜脊68作用在驱动件的凸起56的端面58上。驱动件的旋转被传递到活塞杆46，因为它们之间的旋转锁定，且由于活塞杆的螺纹与主体的螺纹相对应；活塞杆将向前移动且由此朝向装置的前端按压可移动壁18。
来自可移动壁的压力将挤压流体穿过容器的端件中的通道36，然后作用在阀32的环形表面40上。该压力还使得阀克服阀弹性器件34的力而打开，由此通过中心开口30排出流体。一旦来自流体的压力低于阀弹性器件的力，阀就将关闭，由此防止流体的任何流淌。
当驱动件旋转120°时，驱动件和主体之间的棘齿接口使得坡道50，52落入下一分度位置且服药完成。提供分度位置的这些坡道防止驱动件的任何反驱动。当使用者释放拇指钮上的压力时，来自弹性器件92的力将施压于触发套使其沿纵向方向返回其初始位置。为了使得触发套的斜脊68能作用在驱动件的凸起56上用于后来的输送，触发套必须被稍微旋转，这是通过触发套的后端上的坡道72与拇指钮上的坡道76的协作实现的。因此触发套上的切口64被制造得稍微宽于主体的脊66，以允许该稍微的旋转。
优选地，该装置在第一次使用前被起动(primed)。这是通过保持该装置的前端向上指向且通过按压拇指钮数次完成的。
应理解，该装置可进行各种修改。虽然已描述了120°的旋转，但是可根据例如药剂量来选择其它节距。在这方面，沿驱动装置的圆周设置的第二组倾斜表面的彼此间的度数可被修改且螺纹的节距也可被修改，以提供活塞杆移动的不同的长度，由此提供不同的药剂量。
还应理解，该装置可设置有不同输送器件，例如附连到容器的前端用于注射流体的注射针、该装置被用作吸入器或雾化器时的喷嘴。
因此，应理解，上面描述和在附图中示出的实施例应仅被认为是本发明的非限制的例子且其可在权利要求的保护范围之内进行各种修改。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于输送预定量流体的输送装置，包括：
主体(10)；
设置在所述主体内的填充有要输送的流体的容器(16)，所述容器包括用于排出所述流体的开口和在所述容器内可移动的壁(18)；
带螺纹的活塞杆(46)，沿纵向方向可移动地设置在所述主体内且接触所述可移动壁(18)；
沿纵向方向可移动的手动推动器件(14，60)，在操作时能把所述活塞杆(46)朝向所述可移动壁移动，由此排出流体；和
用于把所述推动器件的大致线性运动转换为所述活塞杆的旋转运动的转换器件，其中所述转换器件包括设置到所述手动推动器件的第一组表面(68)，该第一组表面相对于纵向方向倾斜且与设置在旋转锁定到所述活塞杆的旋转驱动器件(48)上的第二组倾斜表面(58)协作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的输送装置，其中所述第二组倾斜表面(58)沿驱动器件(48)的圆周设置，且彼此之间具有预定的角度值，该角度值对应于要被输送的流体的预定量。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的输送装置，其中所述驱动器件(48)设置有棘齿接口(50)，该棘齿接口与设置在主体(10)上的固定棘齿接口(52)协作，以防止所述驱动器件的返回运动。
4.根据前述权利要求1-2中任一项所述的输送装置，其中该输送装置还包括能在完成手动操作后把所述推动器件返回到其初始位置的返回器件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的输送装置，其中所述返回器件包括弹性器件(92)和坡道表面(72，76)，该坡道表面能稍微转动所述推动器件到一位置，在该位置所述第一组表面(68)和所述第二组倾斜表面(58)再次处于协作位置中。
6.根据前述权利要求1-2中任一项所述的输送装置，其中该输送装置还包括能将所述推动器件从所述推动器件被锁定而不能沿纵向方向手动操作的位置解锁到能操作的位置的器件。
7.根据前述权利要求1-2中任一项所述的输送装置，其中药剂输送器件被附连到所述容器的开口。
8.根据权利要求7所述的输送装置，其中所述药剂输送器件是注射针、气雾喷嘴、雾化喷嘴或端件(20)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的输送装置，其中所述端件(20)还包括隔断阀(32)，设置为在所述容器内部高于特定压力时打开，而在低于所述压力时关闭。
10.根据权利要求9所述的输送装置，其中所述阀还包括促使所述阀关闭的阀弹性器件(34)。
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