CN101712923A - Organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device and technology - Google Patents
Organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device and technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101712923A CN101712923A CN200910094953A CN200910094953A CN101712923A CN 101712923 A CN101712923 A CN 101712923A CN 200910094953 A CN200910094953 A CN 200910094953A CN 200910094953 A CN200910094953 A CN 200910094953A CN 101712923 A CN101712923 A CN 101712923A
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- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/28—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of redox potential
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/44—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of volume or liquid level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides an organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device and a technology, relating to an organic waste treatment device, and simultaneously relating to the technology for treating organic waste by utilizing the device. The invention is a plug flow horizontal type fermentation device which is constituted by a feed inlet, a discharge hole and a stirring device which penetrates through the whole tank body longitudinally; the stirring device is connected with a plurality of stirring arms; the stirring device is electrically connected with the control device; the material inlet of the horizontal fermentation device is provided with a forced feeding device which is electrically connected with the control device; the horizontal fermentation device is provided with a heat exchange device; the temperature measuring device is arranged in the horizontal fermentation device and is electrically connected with the control device; the control device is electrically connected with a control valve and a circulating pump; a biogas fluid reflux spraying device and a temperature control and heat preservation device are arranged on the outer wall of the horizontal fermentation device; and the pH value and oxidation-reduction potential and the moisture monitoring device are arranged in the horizontal fermentation device through a probe. The technology and device in the invention is scientific, reasonable and practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic refuse treatment appts, also relate to simultaneously and using this device to handle the technology of organic waste.
Background technology
Organic waste says it is biodegradable waste definitely, can be divided into the primary by its source difference and produce four classes such as waste, secondary production waste, worker's sideline production organic waste materials and human lives's waste.Anaerobically fermenting is meant under anaerobic, relies on microorganism actings in conjunction such as amphimicrobe and obligate bacterium, and the organism biodegrade is generated CH
4And CO
2Process.Anaerobically fermenting is handled organic waste technology all application at home and abroad, with comparatively ripe abroad.There is statistic data to show that the output of all Europe anaerobic digestion biogas is counted 1.5 * 107m with methane
3/ d, CO in this process treatment process simultaneously
2Quantity discharged is few, and the product natural pond slag of fermentation and natural pond liquid become potential high-quality organic fertilizer.
The dry-type anaerobic fermentation technology is the focus of Recent study, be characterized in fermentation materials solid holdup height (solid holdup can reach 20～40%), this technology is compared with conventional wet type anaerobic fermentation technology, has advantages such as organic loading and factor of created gase height, floor space are little, less investment, energy consumption is low, the tunning after-treatment system is simple.
Dry type anaerobic fermentation system normally moves under the hot conditions of 30～38 ℃ middle temperature or 50～60 ℃.Anaerobion, especially methanogen are very responsive to the fluctuation of temperature, require the fluctuating range of anaerobic fermentation system temperature to be no more than usually ± 2～3 ℃.In addition, because the solid holdup height of material in the dry type anaerobic fermentation system, mobile poor, the heat-transfer effect between the material is relatively poor, how to guarantee that therefore material temperature is consistent and a constant essential condition that just becomes dry type anaerobic fermentation system operation control in the whole fermentation system.Still there is following problem in the organic waste anaerobic ferment process of exploitation at present: the process control condition complexity, and the required facility that ferments is too huge, is unfavorable for management; Produce a certain amount of natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, need supporting treatment facility; The energy consumption height, the running cost height is unfavorable for realizing through engineering approaches, mass-producing, the marketization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve the deficiency of existing anaerobic ferment process, provide a kind of and can guarantee that whole zymotechnique continuously and device design science, reasonable, practical organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device for overcoming the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists.Another object of the present invention provides the working method of this organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device of the present invention, be the horizontal fermentation unit of plug flow, by horizontal fermentation unit, whipping appts, force feeding device, heat-exchanger rig, temperature measuring equipment, temperature control and attemperator, control device, natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, the pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device constitute, horizontal fermentation unit is by a feeding mouth, a discharge port and the vertical whipping appts of wearing whole tank body constitute, whipping appts is an electric mixing device, be connected with a plurality of agitating arms on the whipping appts, whipping appts is electrically connected with control device, control device stirs material according to different fermentations stage demand and carries, maximum factor of created gase can effectively guarantee to ferment, material inlet is positioned at horizontal fermentation unit feeding mouth place, there is the pressure feeding device at the material inlet place, force feeding device to be electrically connected with control device, on horizontal fermentation unit, heat-exchanger rig is arranged, heat-exchanger rig connects and composes the cycle heat exchange system by pipeline through control valve and recycle pump and temperature control and attemperator, temperature measuring equipment is located in the horizontal fermentation unit, be electrically connected with control device, control device is electrically connected with control valve and recycle pump, temperature control and attemperator are positioned at horizontal fermentation unit outer wall, pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device are located in the horizontal fermentation unit by probe.
Described temperature control and attemperator are solar energy heat pump systems, are made of solar radiation plate, thermal insulation layer, heat pump set, temperature control recycle pump, heat-storing device, heat abstractor, temperature control control device.
The temperature of heating medium is 50 ℃-80 ℃ in the heat-storing device of described temperature control and attemperator.
Control device adopts the control of PLC realization to whipping appts, pressure feeding device, heat-exchanger rig, temperature measuring equipment, natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, pH value redox potential and moisture monitoring device, temperature control and attemperator.
Described whipping appts is made up of the vertical impeller blade of wearing stir shaft, agitating arm and the agitating arm end of whole tank body.Stir shaft is electronic stir shaft.
Described stir shaft is the quill shaft of sealing, and hollow space is filled up by gas or air.
Described agitating arm is at the radial outer periphery uniform distribution of stir shaft, and the relative angle α that the footpath between two adjacent agitating arms makes progress is 30 °～90 °.Agitating arm is irregular in the horizontal distribution of axle, agitating arm in the density of opening for feed and discharge port greater than middle portion.
The abaxial end of described agitating arm is equipped with impeller blade.
Described heat-exchanger rig comprises: multi-group heat exchanger, every group of interchanger is connected in series by some heat exchange water covers or some heat transfer tubes and forms.
One end of described every group of interchanger all is connected with the heat transfer tube of attemperator with temperature control by control valve; The other end of every group of interchanger all is connected with the return line of attemperator with temperature control.
Described multi-group heat exchanger evenly is positioned at horizontal fermentation unit exterior side wall, and every group of interchanger is connected in series by some heat exchange covers or some heat transfer tubes and forms, and every group of interchanger has certain appropriate length, and spacing can not be excessive between the two adjacent groups interchanger.
Described temperature measuring equipment is a plurality of automatic temperature monitoring probes, and a plurality of automatic temperature monitoring probes are along the tank body uniform distribution, and probe gos deep into 0.3-1.0m in the horizontal fermentation unit, can effectively monitor the temperature in different fermentations stage.
Described natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment is mainly realized the effect of natural pond liquid as pH value and temperature in inoculum use and the regulating tank.
Described pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device, be located in the horizontal fermentation unit by probe, can realize the on-line monitoring of whole fermentation process pH value, redox potential and moisture, effectively grasp the changing conditions of pH value, redox potential and the moisture of whole fermentation process.
Attemperator is positioned at the fermentor tank outer wall, can utilize it to stop the heat in the fermentor tank to discharge by tank skin, and absorb the purpose that solar heat reaches insulation.
Described horizontal fermentation unit is a steel construction, and heat-exchanger rig is welded on the horizontal fermentation unit outer wall.Perhaps, described horizontal fermentation unit is a skeleton construction, and heat-exchanger rig is located at horizontal fermentation unit inner bottom part and sidewall, covers and the covering of solar radiation plate with the plain concrete layer.
The working method of organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device of the present invention, its working method:
A. organic waste is dropped into special anaerobic ferment devices, under the state that remains 55 ℃～60 ℃ of optimum tempss, ferment;
B. through 15～30 days, generate the biogas and the residue of high density;
C. the biogas that generated of step b converts electric energy and heat energy or purification to and upgrades to Sweet natural gas, as automobile fuel or transport to gas distributing system;
D. the residue that generated of step b prepares fertilizer, and fertilizer is used to develop eco-agriculture.
The described fermentation of step a is by the heating of horizontal fermentation unit and the residue backflow of insulation and step b generation are controlled temperature.
Technology of the present invention and device science, reasonable, practical possess the condition that large-scale application is promoted.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a dry-type anaerobic fermentation process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an apparatus structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the temperature control and the attemperator structural representation of device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the heat-exchanger rig structural representation of device of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. material inlet; 2. pressure feeding device; 3. fermentor tank; 4. whipping appts; 5. heat-exchanger rig inlet pipe; 6. heat-exchanger rig; 7.pH value, redox potential, moisture monitoring device; 8. temperature measuring equipment 9. heat-exchanger rig return pipes; 10 viewing windows; 11. methane outlet; 12. material outlet; 13 natural pond liquid reflux and the spray pipeline; 14. natural pond liquid reflux pump; 15. control device; 16. heat pump set; 17. temperature control recycle pump; 18. heat-storing device; 19. thermal insulation layer; 20. solar radiation plate; 21. temperature control control device; 22. agitating arm; 23. the terminal impeller blade of agitating arm; 24. heat abstractor; α. the radial angle between the agitating arm.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific examples, but be not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Example of the present invention provides a kind of technology and device that organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation is handled that be used for.Invention relates to the working method and the device of the horizontal fermentation of plug flow, its technological process is that organic waste is dropped into special anaerobic ferment devices, under the state that remains 55～60 ℃ of optimum tempss, carry out continous way and stir fermentation, through 15～30 days, generate the high-effect biogas of high density and be rich in the efficient organic fertilizer of beneficial organism bacterium.Biogas can convert electric power and heat energy to, and biogas can also be upgraded and be the Sweet natural gas standard, the fuel that uses as automobile or transport to the Sweet natural gas network, and fertilizer comprises liquid fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer, can be used for developing eco-agriculture.
The horizontal fermentation unit of plug flow is an a kind of heat preserving type organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation system, comprising: fermentor tank, whipping appts, pressure feeding device, heat-exchanger rig, temperature measuring equipment, control device, natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device, temperature control and attemperator.
Example of the present invention provides a kind of technology that organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation is handled that is used for, as shown in Figure 1.Organic waste is dropped into special large vol anaerobic ferment devices, under the state that remains 55 ℃～60 ℃ of optimum tempss, automatically control according to fermenting process by control device, carry out the continous way fermentation, through 15～30 days, generate the high-effect biogas of high density and be rich in the efficient organic fertilizer of beneficial organism bacterium.Biogas can convert electric power and heat energy to, can guarantee that not only factory is self-sufficient, and considerable energy surplus can also be arranged.Biogas can also be upgraded and be the Sweet natural gas standard, or is used for the aerating automobile as the fuel of automobile use, or inculcates to the Sweet natural gas network by natural gas line.And high-efficiency organic fertilizer can be used in the ecological agriculture, and the agricultural organic waste that produces in the agricultural can be used for fermentation again, forms a closed cycle, realizes the recycling of waste and the zero release of pollutent.
Example of the present invention provides a kind of device that organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation is handled that is used for, as shown in Figure 2, this device comprises: material inlet 1, force feeding device 2, fermentor tank 3, whipping appts 4, heat-exchanger rig inlet pipe 5, heat-exchanger rig 6, the pH value, redox potential, moisture monitoring device 7, temperature measuring equipment 8, heat-exchanger rig return pipe 9, viewing window 10, methane outlet 11, material outlet 12, natural pond liquid refluxes and spray pipeline 13, natural pond liquid reflux pump 14, control device 15, agitating arm 22, the terminal impeller blade 23 of agitating arm, radial angle between the agitating arm is α, and wherein temperature control and attemperator are by. heat pump set 16, temperature control recycle pump 17, heat-storing device 18, thermal insulation layer 19, solar radiation plate 20, temperature control control device 21, heat abstractor 24 is formed.Other are such as with fermentor tank 3 supporting realizations organic waste being carried out charging warehouse, the slag press filtration of liquid natural pond, natural pond and composting device and the equipment such as biogas discharge and collection utilization that dry-type anaerobic fermentation is handled, because embodiment of the invention emphasis is to the specifying of fermentation unit, so other is realized not explanations one by one of auxilliary equipment such as the front end pre-treatment of fermentation and rear end advanced treatment.
Below whipping appts 4, pressure feeding device 2, heat-exchanger rig 6, temperature measuring equipment 8, control device, natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, pH value, redox potential are described further with the concrete set-up mode that is connected of fermentor tank with attemperator with moisture monitoring device 7, temperature control.
Material enters warehouse through after the pre-treatment, by material is carried out proportioning, after the heating, utilizes and forces feeding device 2 in warehouse, is transported to material inlet 1 and enters in the fermentor tank 3.Material is through pre-acidifying in fermentor tank 3, and pH value is adjusted to suitable scope, for follow-up acidication and product biogas provide suitable condition.In fermentor tank 3, the whipping appts 4 that laterally runs through is installed, stir shaft one end of whipping appts 4 is fixed on the bearing support of fermentor tank 3 end walls, the other end links to each other with drive-motor, a lot of agitating arms 22 are installed on the stir shaft, under the drive of drive-motor, according to different fermentations stage demand material is stirred and carry by control device 15, and can carry out different frequency according to material fermentation situation, the slow rotation of different stirring velocitys and different mixing directions is stirred, make material thorough mixing in jar even, and material is under the effect of follow-up charging promotion and stirring, arrive fermentor tank discharge port 12 through acidication degraded back in fermentor tank, whipping process can be observed at any time by viewing window 10.The biogas that anaerobically fermenting produces carries out recycling treatment by methane outlet 11 and the collecting methane that matches and use device.The natural pond liquid of natural pond slag after the fermentation after press filtration separates is carried through natural pond liquid backflow spray pipeline 13 by natural pond liquid reflux pump 14 and is back in the anaerobic fermentation tank 3, plays moisture, temperature, the pH value of regulating material, and the effect of material inoculation.Temperature measuring equipment 8 is housed in jar, and pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device 7 all are electrically connected with control device 15, can monitor processing parameters such as material temperature, ph value, redox potential and water ratio in the fermentor tank 3, are transferred to control device 15.Wherein whipping appts 4, comprise the impeller blade 23 of the electronic stir shaft, agitating arm 22 and the agitating arm end that laterally run through.Stir shaft is the quill shaft of sealing, and hollow space is filled up by gas or air.Agitating arm 22 is that agitating arm 22 abaxial ends are equipped with suitable impeller blade 23 with evenly the distributing by certain angle of rule in the radial outer periphery of axle.Under any circumstance, agitating arm 22 is distribution with rule in the radial outer periphery of axle.Footpath between two the adjacent agitating arms 22 relative angle α that makes progress is 30 °～90 °.In order to make whole fermentation process be in a perfect condition, when each parameter in the fermenting process is monitored, use various means to regulate and control according to process requirements.Material temperature can be regulated and control in several ways, at first material preheats in warehouse, and by natural pond liquid is heated, natural pond liquid after heating is back in the fermentor tank 3, fermentor tank 3 self also can use heating, refrigeration and insulation measure in addition, by heat-exchanger rig 6 and temperature control and attemperator, as shown in Figure 4, make fermentor tank 3 temperature-stables in processing range.
Heat-exchanger rig 6 is located on the fermentor tank 3, is connected to form the circulation heating heat-insulation system by pipeline and heat supply and attemperator; Temperature control and attemperator are solar energy heat pump systems, by heat pump set 16, and temperature control recycle pump 17, heat-storing device 18, heat abstractor 24, thermal insulation layer 19, solar radiation plate 20, temperature control control device 21 is formed; Heat-exchanger rig 6 is made of multi-group heat exchanger, every group of interchanger is connected in series by heat exchange cover or heat transfer tube 6 and forms interchanger, the other end of every group of interchanger all is connected with the return line of heating plant, be evenly to be arranged on after multi-group heat exchanger is connected in parallel on the fermentor tank 3, specifically be arranged on fermentor tank inner bottom part and sidewall or the fermentor tank exterior side wall, and then guaranteed even heating than long fermentor tank, during actual installation, when if fermentor tank is skeleton construction, each is organized interchanger and is located at fermentor tank inner bottom part or sidewall, and adopts the plain concrete layer of 80～100mm to cover; If when fermentor tank was steel construction, each was organized on the sidewall of Welding of Heat-exchanger outside fermentor tank.Plain concrete or steel construction interchanger outer wall are around solar radiation plate 20, there is one deck heat absorbing coating on the radial lamella surface, and solar radiation plate 20 contains thermal insulation layer 19 and is connected with Multisource heat pump unit 16, heat-storing device 18, the heat abstractor 24 of auxiliary heat supplying by pipeline.Carry out temperature control by the thermal medium in the temperature control control device heat exchanging device, realize the purpose of heating, refrigeration and insulation.
Temperature measuring equipment 8 is located in the fermentor tank 3, is electrically connected with control device 15, is used to survey the temperature in the fermentor tank 3; Temperature measuring equipment 8 is to adopt a plurality of automatic temperature monitoring probes, a plurality of automatic temperature monitoring probes are along the tank body uniform distribution, each automatic temperature monitoring probe gos deep into 0.3-1.0m place in the fermentor tank by different directions, can guarantee to survey the accuracy of temperature in the fermentor tank; When temperature is lower than design temperature in temperature measuring equipment 8 records fermentor tank 3, opens control valve and temperature control recycle pump 17 and make the heating medium of described heat-storing device 18 supplies enter 3 heating of 6 pairs of fermentor tanks of described heat-exchanger rig by heat exchange inlet pipe 5; When temperature measuring equipment 8 when temperature is higher than design temperature in the fermentor tank 3, closed control valve and temperature control recycle pump 17 stop to carry the heating medium that described heating plant provides or utilizing heat abstractor 24 that it is implemented to freeze to described heat-exchanger rig 6 reaching the purpose of cooling.Temperature control control device 22 is electrically connected with control valve and temperature control recycle pump 17, when solar radiation plate 19 heat-collecting temperatures are lower than leavening temperature and are not enough to heat exchanging device 6 for temperature, heat pump set 16 starts, with air source, water source, soil source or other economic Cooling and Heat Source as thermal mediums in the heat pump source heat-storing device 18.
Specifically can adopt: the work leavening temperature that fermentor tank 3 is set, as: be made as 55 ℃, everywhere temperature in the automatic temperature monitoring probe detection fermentor tank 3 of temperature measuring equipment 8, when if certain temperature is lower than 55 ℃ of the work leavening temperatures that set, the signal that sends according to automatic temperature monitoring probe of control device 15 then, open the control valve of that group on interchanger of temperature lower correspondence, if temperature control recycle pump 17 is in closing condition and then opens recycle pump simultaneously, by temperature control control device 21 thermal medium is carried out heat supply to the interchanger of opening control valve, by the interchanger after the heat supply fermentor tank correspondence position is heated, improve leavening temperature, the automatic monitoring probe of simultaneous temperature continues monitoring, when temperature reaches 55 ℃ of the leavening temperatures of setting in the fermentor tank, the control valve of the corresponding interchanger of signal at stop that sends once more according to automatic temperature monitoring probe of temperature control control device 21 then, reach and close corresponding interchanger, stop heating the fermentor tank corresponding position.When if temperature is higher than 55 ℃ of the leavening temperatures of setting in the fermentor tank, then solar radiation plate 20 is concentrated the radiating capacity that has absorbed the sun, by temperature control recycle pump 17 thermal medium that heat energy heats is at first entered heat-storing device 18, when heat medium temperature reaches certain value, provide thermal medium to refrigerator by heat-storing device 18; Flow out the thermal medium of also having lowered the temperature from refrigerator and flow back to heat-storing device 18, reheat becomes high temperature thermal medium; The refrigerant medium that refrigerator produces leads to heat-exchanger rig 6, to reach refrigeration cool-down to fermentor tank 3 design temperature purposes.
Below with solar energy heat pump system and heat-exchanger rig as temperature control and attemperator, present embodiment heat exchange, process are described further:
As seen from Figure 4 when fermentor tank 3 steel construction or skeleton construction, its outer wall is by heat-exchanger rig 6 parcels, heat-exchanger rig 6 peripheral parcel one deck solar radiation plates 18 simultaneously, and have thermal insulation layer 19 to prevent that heat from discharging by tank skin.Have sunlit the time, solar radiation plate 20 utilizes sun power, and the thermal medium of absorber coatings heat-storing device 18 carries out auxiliary heat supplying by having optionally, when not having solar radiation or solar radiation to be not enough to satisfy heat supply, start heat pump set 16 and carry out auxiliary heat supplying, and when needs are lowered the temperature, utilize air source or other to realize the passive type refrigeration through the Jiyuan, the demand of cooling is provided.
This fermentation unit is specifically when being provided with multi-group heat exchanger, can be on the fermentor tank length direction, fermentor tank 3 is divided into plurality of sections, one group of interchanger all is set on every section, and assurance can be carried out uniform heating to long fermentor tank, according to the difference of fermentor tank, mounting heat exchanger in different ways, as: when fermentor tank is skeleton construction, then respectively organizes interchanger and be located at fermentor tank inner bottom part or sidewall, and adopt the plain concrete layer of 80～100mm to cover; When fermentor tank is steel construction, wrap up with lagging material then with on the sidewall of each group Welding of Heat-exchanger outside fermentor tank, and with interchanger.Having formed multi-group heat exchanger segmentation in parallel like this is arranged on the fermentor tank, form temperature measuring equipment 8 with a plurality of automatic temperature monitoring probes along the tank body uniform distribution, each automatic temperature monitoring probe all is deep into 0.3～1.0m in the fermentor tank, can guarantee the interior material temperature of every section fermentor tank of monitoring automatically, in the real work, temperature control control device 21 receives the real time temperature data that the automatic temperature monitoring probe records and transmits, if when recording the fermentation system temperature and being lower than 2～3 ℃ of design temperatures, then open the control valve of temperature control recycle pump 17 and corresponding interchanger, make thermal medium enter interchanger, the correspondent section of fermentor tank is heated; When the fermentation system temperature is higher than 2～3 ℃ of design temperatures, then control device stops recycle pump and control corresponding valve, stop to carry thermal medium or utilizing heat abstractor 24 to carry out refrigeration cool-down to interchanger, the thermal medium controlled temperature of thermal medium storage tank is between 50～80 ℃.
In sum, control whipping appts by control device according to the material requirement of fermentation different steps in the embodiment of the invention, force feeding device, the temperature results that records by automatic temperature monitoring probe, loop temperature-control and heat-insulation system that control is made of solar heat pump and heat-exchanger rig, realization is carried out even heating to fermentor tank integral body or different sites, when heating, also can in time stop heating automatically according to the temperature variation that records, when having guaranteed that fermentation system carries out the dry-type anaerobic fermentation material of organic waste, temperature can not surpass the temperature of regulation, generally can reach 2～3 ℃ of not overshoot temperature taxis; And the common adjusting that realizes pH value, reduction potential and the water ratio of material in the fermentor tank of the associating of the real time on-line monitoring by pH value redox potential and moisture monitoring device natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, the effect of having protected the fermentation system material handling.
Claims (12)
1. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device, be the horizontal fermentation unit of plug flow, it is characterized in that, by horizontal fermentation unit, whipping appts, force feeding device, heat-exchanger rig, temperature measuring equipment, temperature control and attemperator, control device, natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, the pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device constitute, horizontal fermentation unit is by a feeding mouth, a discharge port and the vertical whipping appts of wearing whole tank body constitute, whipping appts is an electric mixing device, be connected with a plurality of agitating arms on the whipping appts, whipping appts is electrically connected with control device, material inlet is positioned at horizontal fermentation unit feeding mouth place, there is the pressure feeding device at the material inlet place, force feeding device to be electrically connected with control device, on horizontal fermentation unit, heat-exchanger rig is arranged, heat-exchanger rig connects and composes the cycle heat exchange system by pipeline through control valve and recycle pump and temperature control and attemperator, temperature measuring equipment is located in the horizontal fermentation unit, be electrically connected with control device, control device is electrically connected with control valve and recycle pump, natural pond liquid backflow spray equipment, temperature control and attemperator are positioned at horizontal fermentation unit outer wall, pH value, redox potential and moisture monitoring device are located in the horizontal fermentation unit by probe.
2. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature control and attemperator, be solar energy heat pump system, constitute by solar radiation plate, thermal insulation layer, heat pump set, temperature control recycle pump, heat-storing device, heat abstractor, temperature control control device.
3. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the temperature of heating medium is 50-80 ℃ in the heat-storing device of described temperature control and attemperator.
4. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described whipping appts is made up of the vertical impeller blade of wearing stir shaft, agitating arm and the agitating arm end of whole tank body, and stir shaft is electronic stir shaft.
5. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described stir shaft is the quill shaft of sealing, and hollow space is filled up by gas or air.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation devices, it is characterized in that described agitating arm is at the radial outer periphery uniform distribution of stir shaft, the relative angle α that the footpath between two adjacent agitating arms makes progress is 30 °-90 °; Agitating arm is in the horizontal distribution of axle, and agitating arm is distributed in middle portion greatly in the density of opening for feed and discharge port, at the abaxial end of agitating arm impeller blade is housed.
7. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described heat-exchanger rig comprises: multi-group heat exchanger, every group of interchanger is connected in series by some heat exchange water covers or some heat transfer tubes and forms.
8. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, one end of described every group of interchanger all is connected with the heat transfer tube of attemperator with temperature control by control valve, the other end of every group of interchanger all is connected with the return line of attemperator with temperature control, multi-group heat exchanger evenly is positioned at horizontal fermentation unit exterior side wall, and every group of interchanger is connected in series by at least two heat exchange covers or two heat transfer tubes forms at least.
9. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature measuring equipment is popped one's head in at least two automatic temperature monitorings, two with last automatic temperature monitoring probe along the tank body uniform distribution, probe gos deep into 0.3-1.0m in the horizontal fermentation unit.
10. organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described horizontal fermentation unit is a steel construction, and heat-exchanger rig is welded on the fermentor tank outer wall; Perhaps, fermentor tank is a skeleton construction, and heat-exchanger rig is located at fermentor tank inner bottom part and sidewall, adopts the plain concrete layer to cover and the covering of solar radiation plate.
11. the technology of an organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device is characterized in that, its working method:
A. organic waste is dropped into special anaerobic ferment devices, under the state that remains 55～60 ℃ of optimum tempss, ferment;
B. through 15～30 days, generate the biogas and the residue of high density;
C. the biogas that generated of step b converts electric energy and heat energy or purification to and upgrades to Sweet natural gas, as automobile fuel or transport to gas distributing system;
D. the residue that generated of step b prepares fertilizer, and fertilizer is used to develop eco-agriculture.
12. the technology of organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the described fermentation of step a is by the heating of horizontal fermentation unit and the residue backflow of insulation and step b generation are controlled temperature.
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Assignee: Kunchuan Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd., Yunnan Assignor: Kunchuan Design Inst., Yunnan Prov. Contract record no.: 2010530000036 Denomination of invention: Organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device and technology License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20100526 Record date: 20100820 |
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