CN105062871B - A kind of heating system for dry-type anaerobic fermentation - Google Patents
A kind of heating system for dry-type anaerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/24—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes inside the vessel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heating system for dry-type anaerobic fermentation, including：Hollow heated mandrel, is actively installed in horizontal reactor, and several axially distributed fixations of heater blade are located on hollow heated mandrel；Heated mandrel driving equipment, is located at outside horizontal reactor, with hollow heating axis connection, hollow heated mandrel can be driven to rotate；Water knockout drum, the first hot water supply opening of the water knockout drum are connected by the road with hot water circulating pump with hollow heated mandrel one end, and the second hot water supply opening is connected by the road with the second water return outlet of thermal balance water pot；Thermal balance water pot, the water outlet of the thermal balance water pot are connected via the first hot water backwater of heat exchanger and water knockout drum mouthful, and the first water return outlet is connected by the road with the hollow heated mandrel other end；Heat exchanger is located at outside horizontal reactor, and the first import, first outlet and the main heat source of the heat exchanger connect.The heating system can realize that heater blade is in rotary moving by heating the driving effect of axial brake device, make that material is heated evenly and heat transfer efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anaerobic fermentation equipment, in particular to a heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation.
Background
In the anaerobic fermentation process, methanogens are very sensitive to temperature changes, and in order to maintain the activity of the methanogens, the stability of the fermentation temperature of the material must be maintained in the anaerobic fermentation process. According to the process temperature, anaerobic fermentation can be divided into high-temperature, medium-temperature and low-temperature fermentation. The low-temperature anaerobic fermentation does not take any heating and heat-preserving measures for materials, but the gas production rate under the low-temperature condition is very low and unstable, so the low-temperature anaerobic fermentation is less applied to practical engineering, the materials need to be heated in high-temperature and medium-temperature processes, the currently common heating method comprises two heating methods of heating inside a reactor and heating outside the reactor, wherein the heating inside the reactor comprises a circulating hot water coil and steam for direct heating, and the circulating hot water coil is usually wound or bonded on the material to form a wrapping layer on the outer wall of the pipe along with the increase of the running time of the system, so the heat transfer efficiency is greatly reduced; the steam direct heating not only can lead to the too high development and the distribution that influence the fungus crowd of material local temperature to produce certain suppression to anaerobic reaction, but also can make the moisture content of material increase, in addition, because the heating process is intermittent operation, the steam outlet also takes place to block up easily, influences the stability of system operation, and the prerequisite of taking these two kinds of heating methods in addition is that the material must keep good stirring mixing effect in the reactor. The heating outside the reactor is to heat materials outside the reactor, and comprises preheating and circulating heating, wherein the preheating is to heat the materials to the temperature required by the process in an independent heating device before the materials enter the reactor, and then the materials are sent into the reactor. This heating method has a large heat loss and is likely to cause clogging; the cyclic heating mode is that the material is always kept to circularly flow between the heating device and the reactor to form a closed loop, and the material is circularly and repeatedly heated to keep the temperature of the material in the reactor in a stable range. For dry anaerobic fermentation, due to the characteristic of high solid content of materials, the heating effect on the materials is not only related to the heating system, but also has a direct relation with the fluidity and mass transfer effect of the materials, and no high-efficiency heating system specially developed for the dry anaerobic fermentation process exists so far.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation, which can meet the temperature requirement of a dry anaerobic fermentation process and ensure the uniformity of material heating and the heat utilization efficiency under high heat exchange efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation, comprising:
the device comprises a hollow heating shaft, a plurality of heating blades, a heating shaft driving device, a hot water circulating pump, a water separator, a heat balance water tank, a heat exchanger and a main heat source; wherein,
the hollow heating shaft is movably arranged in a horizontal reactor for dry anaerobic fermentation, and the plurality of heating blades are axially distributed and fixedly arranged on the hollow heating shaft;
the heating shaft driving device is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, is connected with the hollow heating shaft and can drive the hollow heating shaft to rotate;
the water separator is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, a first hot water supply port of the water separator is connected with one end of the hollow heating shaft through a pipeline and the hot water circulating pump, and a second hot water supply port is connected with a second water return port of the thermal balance water tank through a pipeline;
the heat balance water tank is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, a water outlet of the heat balance water tank is connected with a first hot water return port of the water separator through the heat exchanger, and the first return port is connected with the other end of the hollow heating shaft through a pipeline;
the heat exchanger is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, and a first inlet and a first outlet of the heat exchanger are connected with the main heat source.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through organically combining the hollow heating shaft, the hot water circulating pump, the water separator, the heat exchanger, the heat source and the heat balance water tank, a multi-heat-source heating system for supplying heat to the dry anaerobic fermentation reactor can be formed, wherein the heating shaft is driven by the driving device, the heating shaft and the heating blades can be used for stirring and mixing materials while heating the materials, so that the heat conduction between the materials can be improved, the materials are uniformly heated, the heating blades and the heating shaft are always in dynamic rotation, the materials can be prevented from being bonded on the outer wall of the pipe to form a wrapping layer, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the names of the components corresponding to the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1. a reactor; 2. a hollow heating shaft; 3. heating the blade; 4. a heating shaft driving device; 5. a hot water circulation pump; 6. a water separator; 6A. a first hot water supply port of the water separator; 6B, other heat source inlets of the water separator; 6C, other heat supply outlets of the water separator; 6D. a second hot water supply port of the water separator; 6E, a first hot water return port of the water separator; 7. a main heat source; 8. a heat source hot water circulating pump; 9. a water softening apparatus; 9A, a water replenishing port of water softening equipment; 10. a heat exchanger; 11. a thermal balance water tank; 11A, a second water return port of the thermal balance water tank; 11B, a water outlet of the thermal balance water tank; 11C, a first water return port of the thermal balance water tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can heat a horizontal reactor for dry anaerobic fermentation, and the system includes:
the device comprises a hollow heating shaft, a plurality of heating blades, a heating shaft driving device, a hot water circulating pump, a water separator, a heat balance water tank, a heat exchanger and a main heat source; wherein,
the hollow heating shaft is movably arranged in the horizontal reactor for dry anaerobic fermentation, and a plurality of heating blades are axially distributed and fixedly arranged on the hollow heating shaft;
the heating shaft driving device is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, is connected with the hollow heating shaft and can drive the hollow heating shaft to rotate;
the water separator is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, a first hot water supply port of the water separator is connected with one end of the hollow heating shaft through a pipeline and a hot water circulating pump, and a second hot water supply port is connected with a second water return port of the heat balance water tank through a pipeline;
the water outlet of the thermal balance water tank is connected with a first hot water return port of the water separator through the heat exchanger, and the first return port is connected with the other end of the hollow heating shaft through a pipeline;
the horizontal reactor is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet and the first outlet of the horizontal reactor are connected with a main heat source, and the first inlet and the first outlet of the horizontal reactor are connected with a pipeline of a heating device of the main heat source; the main heat source is the main source of heat supply for the entire heating system.
After the devices in the system are connected according to the mode, the hollow heating shaft, the hot water circulating pump, the water separator, the main heat source, the heat exchanger and the heat balance water tank are connected to form a circulating closed water path.
In the above system, the water separator is further provided with: the water separator with the structure can integrate a plurality of heat sources together to supply heat for the system at the same time, can adopt one or more heating modes at the same time, and has flexible system and wide application range.
In the system, the hot balance water tank is arranged, so that cold water and hot water can be mixed in the hot balance water tank, the return water temperature of the main heat source boiler is improved, the temperature difference is reduced, and the operation stability of a heat source is facilitated.
The main heat source of the heating system comprises: the system comprises a heat supply device and a water softening device, wherein the heat supply device is connected with a heat source hot water circulating pump through a pipeline and a valve to form a closed circulating water path; the water softening equipment is communicated with the closed water path through a pipeline, the heat supply equipment of the main heat source can adopt a hot water boiler, a steam boiler or applications of various heating modes such as electric heating or preheating recycling heat and the like, and the application range is wide.
In the heating system, the hollow heating shaft is positioned at the central position in the horizontal reactor, and the heating blades are vertically welded with the hollow heating shaft and spirally distributed in multiple layers at a set angle along the axis direction. The heating blades on the 1/3 section of the total length of the hollow heating shaft at the side of the feeding end of the horizontal reactor are consistent in distance, the heating blades on the remaining hollow heating shaft are consistent in distance, and the heating blades on the 1/3 section of the total length of the hollow heating shaft at the side of the feeding end of the horizontal reactor are smaller in distance than the heating blades on the remaining hollow heating shaft.
In the heating system, the pipelines of all the devices are provided with control valves. And each device is convenient to control and adjust.
The heating system of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation, which comprises: the water treatment device comprises a hollow heating shaft, heating blades, heating shaft driving equipment, a hot water circulating pump, a water separator, a main heat source, a heat exchanger and a heat balance water tank, wherein the main heat source is formed by connecting heat supply equipment, a heat source hot water circulating pump and softened water equipment;
in a horizontal reactor, a hollow heating shaft made of a hollow pipe is positioned in the center of the horizontal reactor and is arranged in parallel with the bottom along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal reactor; the heating blades are vertically welded with the hollow heating shaft and spirally distributed in multiple layers at a set angle along the axial direction. In addition, the heating blades are arranged at the same interval and have smaller intervals at the side close to the feeding end of the reactor in the total length 1/3 section of the hollow heating shaft, and the heating blades are arranged at the same interval and have larger intervals at the side close to the discharging end in the total length 2/3 section of the hollow heating shaft. One end of the hollow heating shaft is connected with a heating shaft driving device outside the reactor and is communicated with the heat balance water tank; the heat balance water tank is connected with the water separator in two ways, one way is directly connected through a pipeline, and the other way is connected with the water separator after passing through the heat exchanger.
The main heat source includes: the boiler is connected with the hot water circulating pump through a hot water outlet and returns to the boiler after heat exchange of the heat exchanger to form a closed circulating water path, and the softened water equipment is directly communicated with the closed water path as supply of consumed water.
The water separator is connected with a hot water circulating pump, and the hot water circulating pump is connected with the other end of the hollow heating shaft outside the horizontal reactor. The water separator is also provided with a connector which can be communicated with other heat sources and heat supplies.
The heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation is characterized in that all devices are connected by pipelines to form a circulating water path. The connection of the heating shaft, the reactor and the circulating water path is sealed by adopting a sealing device.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, further, the heating blades are spirally distributed in multiple layers at a specific angle along the axis direction, and the uniform heating of the material is realized through the radial and axial mass transfer effects. In addition, under the drive of the heating shaft driving device, the heating shaft and the heating blades rotate along the radial direction all the time, the materials are not easy to form a wrapping layer, and high heat exchange efficiency is realized.
In order to improve the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the device, further: the hollow heating shaft, the heating blades and the device which is in direct contact with the material are all made of stainless steel.
In order to realize sufficient heat exchange, hot water in the hollow heating shaft flows at a low speed of 0.5-1.8 m/s.
In order to ensure the installation and maintenance of pipelines and components, valves are further arranged on all pipelines of the access equipment.
The heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation provided in this example has a structure as shown in fig. 1, in which a hollow heating shaft 2 made of a hollow pipe is disposed at the center of a horizontal reactor 1 and installed in parallel with the bottom along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal reactor 1. The heating blades 3 are welded perpendicularly to the hollow heating shaft 2 and are spirally distributed in multiple layers at a specific angle in the axial direction. In addition, the heating blades 3 are arranged at the same interval and the interval is smaller at the side close to the feeding end of the reactor 1 in the 1/3 section of the total length of the hollow heating shaft 2, and the heating blades 3 are arranged at the same interval and the interval is larger at the side close to the discharging end in the 2/3 section of the total length of the hollow heating shaft 2. One end of the hollow heating shaft 2 is connected to the heating shaft driving device 4 outside the reactor 1 and communicates with the thermal equilibrium water tank 11. The hollow heating shaft 2 and the heating blades 3 are rotated in the radial direction by the driving of the heating shaft driving apparatus 4. The thermal balance water tank 11 is connected with the water separator 6 in two ways, one way is directly connected through a pipeline, and the other way is connected with the water separator 6 after passing through the heat exchanger 10. The hot water outlet of the heat supply equipment of the main heat source 7 is connected with a heat source hot water circulating pump 8, and returns to the heat supply equipment of the main heat source 7 through a heat exchanger 10 to form a closed annular water path, and the softened water equipment 9 is communicated with the closed circulating water path. The water separator 6 is connected with a hot water circulating pump 5, and the hot water circulating pump 5 is connected with the other end of the hollow heating shaft 2 outside the reactor 1. The water separator 6 may also be in communication with other heat sources and supplies. The heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation of the invention is characterized in that all devices are connected by pipelines to form a circulating water path, the connection of the heating shaft, the reactor and the circulating water path is sealed by adopting a sealing device, and all pipelines for entering and exiting the devices are provided with valves. Under the drive of the hot water circulating pump, hot water in the hollow heating shaft flows at the speed of 0.5-1.8 m/s.
When the materials need to be heated, the heat source hot water circulating pump 8 is started, and water circularly flows in the annular water path. The main heat source 7 is activated to heat the water in the annular water circuit. The water in the annular water channel is replenished by the water softening equipment 9 at regular time. The hot water circulating pump 5 is started to drive hot water subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger 10 to flow in the circulating water path, the hot water flows into the hollow heating shaft 2, the heating shaft driving device 4 is started to enable the hollow heating shaft 2 and the heating blades 3 to rotate along the radial direction, and materials are heated through the hollow heating shaft 2 and the heating blades 3. In the front 1/3 section of the reactor 1, the heating blades 3 are densely distributed, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and the biological material is quickly heated to the required process temperature; in the rear 2/3 section of the reactor 1, the heating blades 3 are distributed sparsely, the heat exchange area is relatively small, and the process temperature required by materials is maintained. The radial mixing action of the heating blades 3 strengthens the uniformity of heated materials, the spiral arrangement of the heating blades 3 increases the axial propelling action, the materials are not easy to wind or bond around the hollow heating shaft 2 and the heating blades 3 to form a layer of wrapping layer on the outer wall of the pipe, and thus the heating efficiency of the materials is enhanced. The heated cold water flows back to the heat balance water tank 11, and returns to the hollow heating shaft 2 again to heat the material after the hot water exchanges heat through the heat exchanger 10.
The internal heat source of the heating system can adopt hot water, and can also provide a heat source by steam or electric heating, thereby achieving the same effect. When the heat source is steam, the flow speed of the steam is 5-30 m/s, and when electric heating is adopted, an electric heating rod needs to be additionally arranged in the hollow heating shaft. The heating system can be used for heating of dry anaerobic fermentation, and the heating function is integrated on the stirrer (the hollow heating shaft and the heating blades), so that on one hand, the stirrer of the heating system is always kept in a rotating state, the stirrer is not easy to be wound and wrapped by materials, and heat is exchanged with the materials flowing in the axial direction and the radial direction in a radiation mode through the hollow heating shaft and the heating blades, so that the uniformity of temperature distribution is ensured, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced; on the other hand, different heating strengths are provided according to different functional partitions in the reactor through the arrangement of the heating blades in a dense and dense manner, and the whole system is ensured to operate under the optimal temperature condition.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation, comprising:
the device comprises a hollow heating shaft, a plurality of heating blades, a heating shaft driving device, a hot water circulating pump, a water separator, a heat balance water tank, a heat exchanger and a main heat source; wherein,
the hollow heating shaft is movably arranged in a horizontal reactor for dry anaerobic fermentation, and the plurality of heating blades are axially distributed and fixedly arranged on the hollow heating shaft;
the heating shaft driving device is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, is connected with the hollow heating shaft and can drive the hollow heating shaft to rotate;
the water separator is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, a first hot water supply port of the water separator is connected with one end of the hollow heating shaft through a pipeline and the hot water circulating pump, and a second hot water supply port is connected with a second water return port of the thermal balance water tank through a pipeline;
the heat balance water tank is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, a water outlet of the heat balance water tank is connected with a first hot water return port of the water separator through the heat exchanger, and the first return port is connected with the other end of the hollow heating shaft through a pipeline;
the heat exchanger is arranged outside the horizontal reactor, and a first inlet and a first outlet of the heat exchanger are connected with the main heat source;
the main heat source includes: the heat supply equipment is connected with the heat source hot water circulating pump through a pipeline and a valve; the water softening equipment is connected with the heat supply equipment through a pipeline.
2. The heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein the hollow heating shaft is located at a central position in the horizontal reactor, and the heating blades are welded perpendicularly to the hollow heating shaft and spirally distributed in multiple layers at a set angle in the axial direction.
3. The heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2, wherein the heating blades on the total length 1/3 of the hollow heating shaft on the side of the horizontal reactor feeding end are uniformly spaced, the heating blades on the remaining part of the hollow heating shaft are uniformly spaced, and the heating blades on the total length 1/3 of the hollow heating shaft on the side of the horizontal reactor feeding end are less spaced than the heating blades on the remaining part of the hollow heating shaft.
4. The heating system for dry anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein the pipeline of each apparatus in the heating system is provided with a control valve.
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| CN107556069B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2021-02-02 | 周庆川 | Domestic garbage composting device |
| CN109701999A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-03 | 蔚复来(浙江)科技股份有限公司 | Fermentation mechanism for food waste treatment equipment, the food waste treatment equipment and system using it |
| CN118222382B (en) * | 2024-05-24 | 2024-09-17 | 上海安若必科环保科技有限公司 | Dry anaerobic fermentation device |
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| CN1431173A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2003-07-23 | 湖南大学 | Anaerobic and aerobic integrative type compost response operator |
| CN101712923A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-05-26 | 云南昆船设计研究院 | Organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device and technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204939462U (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2016-01-06 | 北京中持绿色能源环境技术有限公司 | A kind of heating system for dry-type anaerobic fermentation |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1431173A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2003-07-23 | 湖南大学 | Anaerobic and aerobic integrative type compost response operator |
| CN101712923A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-05-26 | 云南昆船设计研究院 | Organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation device and technology |
| CN102060425A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-05-18 | 中国农业大学 | Acidification device and method of high-solid content dry livestock and poultry manure |
| CN203964271U (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-26 | 天津诚建明达机电工程有限公司 | A kind of Cooling and Heat Source control device |
| CN104312911A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-01-28 | 北京中持绿色能源环境技术有限公司 | Stirring device used for dry anaerobic fermentation |
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Inventor after: Hu Fang Inventor after: Yan Yuanyuan Inventor after: Li Caibin Inventor after: Guo Feifan Inventor before: Guo Feifan Inventor before: Hu Fang Inventor before: Li Caibin Inventor before: Lan Xiaoning Inventor before: Yan Yuanyuan |
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