CN101708426A - Biologic filtration method and device for purifying industrial organic waste gas - Google Patents
Biologic filtration method and device for purifying industrial organic waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101708426A CN101708426A CN200910213608A CN200910213608A CN101708426A CN 101708426 A CN101708426 A CN 101708426A CN 200910213608 A CN200910213608 A CN 200910213608A CN 200910213608 A CN200910213608 A CN 200910213608A CN 101708426 A CN101708426 A CN 101708426A
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Abstract
The invention provides a biologic filtration method and a device for purifying industrial organic waste gas, which has high efficiency, less investment, low running cost and extensive application range of equipment. The method comprises the following steps: (1) the industrial organic waste gas is sprayed and processed in a spraying tower with a tap water spraying system to remove solid particles; (2) the waste gas enters a biologic trickling filtration tower filled with a biologic filler filled with a composite material for carrying out biologic filtration; inorganic salt nutrition liquid and active sludge which are stored in an aeration tank are evenly sprayed into the biologic trickling filtration tower by a pipeline and a spraying device, and the industrial organic waste gas is adsorbed, absorbed and degraded biologically by a biologic film attached to the surface of the biologic filler and the active sludge from the aeration tank; and (3) the industrial waste gas after being purified is discharged from a waste gas discharge port at the top of the biologic trickling filtration tower, and the active sludge is recirculated into the aeration tank for recycle after being regenerated. The invention has higher processing effect to various industrial mixed organic waste gases and wide application range, and the processed industrial mixed organic waste gases can reach the national emission standard or the emission standard of a manufacturer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to industrial waste gas and administer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of biologic filtration method and device of purifying industrial organic waste gas.
Technical background
That industrial organic exhaust gas is meant is that enterprise produces in process of production, have and can cause that human body is detested or the volatile materials of unhappy sensation, by air dielectric, acts on people's olfactory organ and perceived a kind of sense of smell is polluted.The industrial organic exhaust gas wide material sources have animal husbandry plant, slaughterhouse, petrochemical industry, spray paint, rubber, tannery, farming fertilizer, garbage disposal plant, sewage treatment plant etc.The organic exhaust gas kind that produces can reach up to ten thousand kinds, wherein to human health damage serious volatile aromatic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, formaldehyde and benzene, toluene, styrene are arranged.Industrial organic exhaust gas can enter human body by respiratory tract, alimentary canal etc., endangers multiple histoorgan, and wherein halogenated compound and aromatic compound have teratogenesis, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, is classified as priority pollutants by many national government.Bioanalysis is a kind of new and high technology that biotechnology and environment project combine, and is known as a kind of main flow, efficient, safe and reliable Organic Waste Gas Pollution end treatment technology by the various countries expert.
Industrial organic exhaust gas pollution control technology has: absorption, absorption, burning, oxidation and bioanalysis etc., absorption process utilizes water or absorbent to remove the method for composition soluble in water in the emission gases, consume a large amount of water and chemical reagent, and the corrosion to equipment is comparatively serious, is not suitable for the processing of height VOC.Absorption method often adopts active carbon as adsorbent, makes the pollutant of organic exhaust gas transfer to solid phase from gas phase, but pollutant do not removed up hill and dale, is discharged into again when its desorption in the middle of the environment, causes secondary pollution.Burning is at high temperature to pass through fully burning organic exhaust gas, is translated into CO
2And H
2O, but can produce SO simultaneously
x, NO
xAnd the stronger pollutant of other toxicity that forms owing to imperfect combustion.With respect to the physical chemistry treatment process, the bioanalysis treatment process has that the equipment fitting operation is simple, easy to maintenance, stable, the efficient advantages of higher, and energy resource consumption generally is 1/4～1/10 of a physical-chemical process.Its principle is: 1. waste gas at first enters water, washings reusable edible with the water contact; 2. exhaust gas constituents further diffuses to medium biomembrane on every side under the promotion of concentration difference; 3. microorganism absorption absorbs exhaust emission, with it as the required energy or the carbon source material utilization of self metabolism, thereby thoroughly degrade or be converted into CO
2And H
2Simple inorganic matter such as O.
At present, biologic treating technique has three kinds of technologies, biological filter, bio-trickling filter and biological kitchen sink.The biological filter utilizes organic substance to use filler as filtering, industrial waste gas at first through a pretreatment reaction device, carries out dust removal process, and increases gas humidity, enter the biofiltration bed then, be attached after the biomembrane of filling surface adsorbs, absorbs and be purified processing.The bio-trickling pool process is similar to the biological filter, and difference is the bio-trickling filter filling carrier of inorganic substances as growth of microorganism.Biological kitchen sink is that industrial waste gas at first enters a spray column, the spray column spray contains the liquid of microbe granular mud, waste gas is by granule sludge absorption, absorption and degraded, and recycling after microbe granular mud is regenerated in an aeration tank, unnecessary mud is discharged the aeration tank.The used filler in biological filter is organic filler, and self contains nutriment, does not need to replenish in addition, and therefore, the management of equipment and regular maintenance are convenient, but filler is short service life, needs periodic replacement.Bio-trickling filter filler long service life, but the easy blockage phenomenon of filler.Biological kitchen sink is not exist the filler blocking problem with respect to above two kinds of technology biggest advantage, but is not suitable for handling the higher material of volatility.In fact the discharging great majority of industrial waste gas are discontinuous, waste gas component is often owing to the adjustment of enterprise's production schedule changes, big ups and downs take place in exhaust gas concentration simultaneously, microbial ecosystem in the biology place dress is formed disadvantageous impact, influence the biodegradation that functional microorganism continues.Utilize above traditional biological treatment can not guarantee stable treated efficient under the condition acute variation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, provide that a kind of efficient height, small investment, operating cost are low, the biologic filtration method and the device of the purifying industrial organic waste gas of equipment applied range.
The present invention utilizes the dual biological absorption and the degradation of biomembrane and activated sludge in conjunction with the characteristics of traditional biological trickling filter and two kinds of technologies of biological kitchen sink, and the mixed industrial organic exhaust gas is carried out a biological disposal upon to reach the purification purpose.
The inventive method step is:
1, industrial organic exhaust gas sprays to handle in the spray column that is provided with the running water spray system and removes solid particle;
2, industrial organic exhaust gas enters bio-trickling filter, is filled with biologic packing material in the bio-trickling filter and spray system is set, and described biologic packing material is made of the organic hard material of porous, apposition growth microorganism on it; Store mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge in the aeration tank, mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge are extracted out from the aeration tank through pipeline by water pump, spray equipment in bio-trickling filter evenly is sprayed to mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge in the bio-trickling filter, industrial organic exhaust gas is during through the biologic packing material in the bio-trickling filter, by the biomembrane of biologic packing material surface attachment with from activated sludge absorption, absorption and the biodegradation of aeration tank;
3, the industrial waste gas after purifying is from the Waste gas outlet discharging of bio-trickling top of tower, activity sludge reflux regeneration back recycling to the aeration tank;
4. the aeration tank utilizes the aerator aeration and regularly adds mineral nutrition liquid.
As shown in Figure 1, the further refinement step to the inventive method is:
1. industrial organic exhaust gas enters spray column B bottom through air-introduced machine A pressurization, utilizes peep hole 10 to monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time; Be provided with the running water spray system that spray equipment 3, cistern 6 and water pump 11 are formed in the spray column B, solid particles are removed in spray equipment 3 spray backs among the industrial organic exhaust gas process spray column B, evenly enter bio-trickling filter C through the pipeline of being with check-valves 9 and flowmeter 8 by gas again and carry out biofiltration;
2. filled biomass filler 18 among the bio-trickling filter C is made of the organic hard material of porous, apposition growth microorganism on it; At any time monitor the gas treatment situation by peep hole 17; Store mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge 20 among the D of aeration tank, mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge are extracted out from aeration tank D through pipeline by water pump 21, spray equipment 16 in bio-trickling filter evenly is sprayed to mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge among the bio-trickling filter C, industrial organic exhaust gas is during through the biologic packing material 18 among the bio-trickling filter C, by the biomembrane of biologic packing material 18 surface attachment with from activated sludge 20 absorption, absorption and the biodegradation of aeration tank;
3. the industrial waste gas after purifying is from Waste gas outlet 15 dischargings at bio-trickling filter C top, and the regeneration back reused after activated sludge 20 was back to aeration tank D;
4. aeration tank D utilizes aerator 12 aerations and regularly adds mineral nutrition liquid.
Apparatus of the present invention structure is as follows: comprise spray column B, bio-trickling filter C and aeration tank D, spray column B bottom is provided with the industrial waste gas inlet 1 that is connected to air-introduced machine A, and spray column B is provided with at least one peep hole 10 can monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time; Be provided with the running water spray system that spray equipment 3, cistern 6 and water pump 11 are formed in the spray column B; Spray column B top is provided with gas vent 2, and the bottom is provided with discharge outlet 7, and gas vent 2 is connected to bio-trickling filter C bottom by the pipeline that is provided with check-valves 9 and flowmeter 8.
Be filled with biologic packing material 18 among the bio-trickling filter C, described biologic packing material 18 is a composite, constitute by the organic hard material of porous, described organic hard material requires the voidage height, as Pall ring, Raschig ring, baton round etc., can the apposition growth microorganism, porous filler is loaded and can be made bio-trickling filter not because of microorganism undue growth blockage phenomenon; Bio-trickling filter C is provided with peep hole 17 can monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time.Store mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge 20 among the D of aeration tank, aeration tank D is connected to the spray equipment 16 on bio-trickling filter C top through water pump 21 usefulness pipelines, so that nutrient solution and activated sludge 20 are evenly sprayed among the bio-trickling filter C.Bio-trickling filter C top is provided with Waste gas outlet 15, and bio-trickling filter C bottom is provided with activated sludge outlet 19, and described activated sludge outlet 19 is connected to aeration tank D through pipeline.Aeration tank D is connected with aerator 12, aeration tube 13 and aeration head 14.
Bio-trickling filter C tower body can be divided into one deck or multilayer, and every layer is equipped with spray and is provided with and filler.
The present invention compared with prior art, its technical advantages is:
1. be provided with spray column before the bio-trickling filter, can remove the obstruction that the solid particle that carries in the gas is avoided follow-up equipment, and regulate the temperature that enters gas in the tower.Play the effect of bellows chamber simultaneously, the air-flow that enters bio-trickling filter is fully mixed, and air-flow is more steady.
2. for mixing organic exhaust gas, can be in bio-trickling filter by the biomembrane of biologic packing material surface attachment wherein with from the common absorption degradation of the activated sludge of aeration tank.Dual compound bio treatment process can effectively guarantee the treatment effeciency when waste gas component variation and fluctuation of concentration, and each component can both effectively and stably be removed.Biologic packing material is made of the high porous filler of porosity, can effectively prevent the filler blockage phenomenon.Activity sludge reflux is the recycling of renewable back to the aeration tank, and nutrient solution can regularly be added in the aeration tank.Nutrient solution from the aeration tank not only can provide nutrition for the microorganism in the biologic packing material, also can be its additional high activity degradation bacteria, improve the biomembrane ecological stability of a system and microbial diversity, can guarantee to stablize and clean-up effect efficiently for the big mixing organic exhaust gas of fluctuation of concentration.
3. the bio-trickling filter tower body is divided into one deck or multilayer, and every layer is equipped with spray setting and filler, can regulate water spray as required respectively, in time washes away metabolite and the aging biomass of microorganism.Be connected with the flange basin between the layer of tower body and the layer, easy access and dismounting, it can be according to testing or the needs of engineering change the height of tower body.
4. spray column and bio-trickling filter are equipped with observation/thief hatch, understand the microbial growth situation by observation/thief hatch, in time regulate the shower water flow.
5. equipment for treating industrial waste gas of the present invention can focus on or distributed processing on the spot, modularization is installed, walk abreast and be connected with standby, satisfy corrosivity/security/explosion-proof control and require round-the-clock continuous operation, the cost of equipment choosing and durability are compromise, automatically operation need not manual intervention, and pot type/tower/pond type/cabin type filtering container is suited measures to local conditions.
Technique effect of the present invention is: mixing organic exhaust gas for multiple industry has the high processing effect, can reach discharging standards or plant area's discharge standard, the dual absorption degradation interaction energy of biomembrane and activated sludge guarantees to remove the multicomponent mix waste gas under dynamic load, have stronger resistance to overload shock ability, purifier long-time running filler is blockage phenomenon not.
The present invention is applicable to focusing on or the distributed base unit combination series device of handling on the spot; The scope of application can be the industrial waste gas purifying of industry dischargings such as Sewage Plant, blowdown pumping plant, garbage transfer station and plastic resin, leather, livestock rearing, brewing fermentation, petrochemical industry, coating rubber, papermaking.This device is process element and the uncertain mixed industrial waste gas of concentration effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations
Description of reference numerals is as shown in the table:
The A air-introduced machine
The B spray column
The C bio-trickling filter
The D aeration tank
1 industrial waste gas inlet
The outlet of 2 top gas
3 spray equipments
4 flowmeters
5 check-valves
6 cisterns
7 draining valves
8 flowmeters
9 check-valves
10 peep holes
11 water pumps
12 aerators
13 aeration tubes
14 aeration heads
15 Waste gas outlets
16 spray equipments
17 peep holes
18 biologic packing materials
19 draining valves
20 nutrient solutions and activated sludge
21 water pumps
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment content of the present invention is described further:
As shown in Figure 1, apparatus of the present invention structure is as follows: comprise spray column B, bio-trickling filter C and aeration tank D, industrial waste gas is through the industrial waste gas inlet 1 of air-introduced machine A, enter spray column B by check-valves 5 and flowmeter 4, spray column B is provided with at least one peep hole 10 can monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time; Be provided with the running water spray system of spray equipment 3, cistern 6, water pump 11 compositions in the spray column B; Spray column B top is provided with gas vent 2, and the bottom is provided with draining valve 7.The gas vent passage is connected to check-valves 8 and flowmeter 9 enters bio-trickling filter C bottom.
Be filled with biologic packing material 18 among the bio-trickling filter C, described biologic packing material 18 is a composite, constitute by the organic hard material of porous, described organic hard material requires the voidage height, as Pall ring, Raschig ring, baton round etc., can the apposition growth microorganism (according to the organic exhaust gas type, can inoculate dissimilar function bacterium, for example degrade pseudomonad, Xanthomonas campestris and the bacillus etc. of carbon containing waste gas, the sulfur oxidizing bacterium of degraded sulphur-containing exhaust gas, the ammonia oxidation bacteria of the nitrogenous waste gas of degrading etc.); Bio-trickling filter C is provided with peep hole 10 can monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time.Store mineral nutrition liquid (mineral nutrition liquid is made of potassium nitrate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, calcium chloride and running water) and activated sludge 20 among the D of aeration tank, aeration tank D is connected to the spray equipment 16 on bio-trickling filter C top through water pump 21 usefulness pipelines, so that mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge 20 are evenly sprayed among the bio-trickling filter C.Bio-trickling filter C top is provided with Waste gas outlet 15, and bio-trickling filter C bottom is provided with activated sludge outlet 19, and described activated sludge outlet 19 is connected to aeration tank D through pipeline.The aeration tank is provided with aeration tube 13 and aeration head 14, and aeration tube is connected with aerator 12.
When this device used, industrial organic exhaust gas entered spray column B bottom by check-valves 5 and flowmeter 4 after air-introduced machine A pressurization, utilize peep hole 10 to monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time; Be provided with the running water spray system of spray equipment 3, cistern 6, water pump 11 compositions in the spray column B, industrial organic exhaust gas evenly enters bio-trickling filter C through the pipeline of being with check-valves 8 and flowmeter 9 by gas again and carries out biofiltration through the 3 spray post processings removal solid particles of spray equipment among the spray column B.
The biologic packing material 18 of filled composite materials among the bio-trickling filter C is made of the organic hard material of porous, apposition growth microorganism on it (microorganisms of degraded carbon containing organic exhaust gas such as inoculation pseudomonad, bacillus); At any time monitor the gas treatment situation by observation/thieff hatch 18; Be filled with mineral nutrition liquid (nutrient solution is that potassium nitrate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, calcium chloride and running water constitute) and activated sludge 20 among the D of aeration tank, spray liquid is extracted out from aeration tank D through pipeline by water pump 21, spray equipment 16 in bio-trickling filter C evenly sprays into mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge 20 among the bio-trickling filter C, industrial organic exhaust gas is during through the biologic packing material among the bio-trickling filter C, by the biomembrane of biologic packing material surface attachment with from activated sludge absorption, absorption and the biodegradation of aeration tank D.
Industrial waste gas after the purification is from bio-trickling filter C top discharge, and the regeneration back reused after activated sludge 20 was back to aeration tank D;
Aeration tank D utilizes the aerator aeration and regularly adds mineral nutrition liquid.
The atmospheric pressure P of spray column B is 5～500KPa, and temperature is 15 ℃～45 ℃, and gas is 5～60s in the time of staying of spray column B, a filter tower C and aeration tank D, depends on organic exhaust gas concentration.
Adopt the present embodiment device as follows to the result of experimentizing property of industrial organic exhaust gas processing:
Embodiment 1: to paint industry production workshop treatment of waste gas
The high 2000mm of present embodiment bio-trickling filter C, long 1500mm, wide 1500mm, filler loading height are 1200mm.The aeration tank volume is 0.5m
3Handling the industrial waste gas amount is 400m
3/ h, gas is 15 seconds in the time of staying of combined stuffing.Biofiltration device is loaded combined stuffing and be used for coating material production workshop treatment of waste gas after the domestication of degraded bacterial classification biofilm, when the mean concentration of TVOCs in the waste gas (total volatile organism) about 58ppm, drop to 3.48ppm after treatment, average removal rate is 94%.
Embodiment 2: to the common industrial treatment of waste gas
Present embodiment is respectively applied for common industrial waste gas components such as handling toluene, dimethylbenzene, styrene, acetone, butanone, chloroform after bio-trickling filter C fills out the combination inorganic filler, bio-trickling tower height 800mm, internal diameter 190mm, filler loading height are 340mm, and the aeration tank volume is 8L.Gas is 30s in the empty bed time of staying of combined stuffing bed.Treatment effect is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 biofiltration device is to the clean-up effect (mg/m of different common industrial waste gas
3)
The above results shows, adopt the inventive method and device to handle industrial organic exhaust gas, clearance to common industrial waste gas progressively rises, behind the 5d, the clearance of the volatile organic waste gas of biological treatment device commute degraded is 98%～100%, the clearance of difficult degradation component such as styrene and chloroform also reaches more than 90%, and difficult degradation gas needs longer domestication.
Claims (7)
1. the biologic filtration method of a purifying industrial organic waste gas is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) industrial organic exhaust gas sprays to handle in the spray column that is provided with the running water spray system and removes solid particle;
2) industrial organic exhaust gas enters bio-trickling filter, filled biomass filler and spray system is set in the bio-trickling filter, and described biologic packing material is made of the organic hard material of porous, apposition growth microorganism on it; Store mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge in the aeration tank, mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge are extracted out from the aeration tank through pipeline by water pump, spray equipment in bio-trickling filter evenly is sprayed to mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge in the bio-trickling filter, industrial organic exhaust gas is during through the biologic packing material in the bio-trickling filter, by the biomembrane of biologic packing material surface attachment with from activated sludge absorption, absorption and the biodegradation of aeration tank;
3) industrial waste gas after purifying is from the Waste gas outlet discharging of bio-trickling top of tower, activity sludge reflux regeneration back recycling to the aeration tank.
2. the biologic filtration method of the described purifying industrial organic waste gas of claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) industrial organic exhaust gas (1) enters spray column (B) bottom through air-introduced machine (A) pressurization by check-valves (5) and flowmeter (4), utilizes peep hole (10) to monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time; Be provided with the running water circulated sprinkling system that spray equipment (3), cistern (6) and water pump (11) are formed in the spray column (B), industrial organic exhaust gas behind the preliminary treatment removal solid particle, evenly enters bio-trickling filter (C) through the pipeline of being with check-valves (9) and flowmeter (8) by gas again and carries out biofiltration in spray column (B);
2) biologic packing material (18) of filled composite materials in the bio-trickling filter (C) is made of apposition growth microorganism on it the organic hard material of porous; At any time monitor gas preliminary treatment situation by peep hole (17); Store mineral nutrition liquid in the aeration tank (D) and cultivate activated sludge (20) is arranged, (D) extracts out from the aeration tank through pipeline by water pump (21) for mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge (20), and the spray equipment (16) in bio-trickling filter (C) evenly sprays into nutrient solution and activated sludge (20) in the bio-trickling filter (C); Industrial organic exhaust gas is during through the biologic packing material (18) in bio-trickling filter (C), by the biomembrane of biologic packing material (18) surface attachment with from activated sludge (20) absorption, absorption and the biodegradation of aeration tank (D);
3) industrial waste gas after the purification is from bio-trickling filter (C) top discharge, and activated sludge is back to aeration tank (D) regeneration back recycling by pipeline (19).
3. the biologic filtration method of claim 1 or 2 described purifying industrial organic waste gas is characterized in that also comprising the steps:
4) aeration tank utilizes the aerator aeration and regularly adds mineral nutrition liquid.
4. the biologic filtration method of claim 1 or 2 described purifying industrial organic waste gas, the atmospheric pressure P that it is characterized in that described spray column (B) is 5～500KPa, temperature is 15～45 ℃; Gas is 5～60s in the time of staying of spray column (B), a filter tower (C).
5. the biofiltration device of a purifying industrial organic waste gas, comprise spray column (B) and drip filter tower (C), it is characterized in that: also comprise aeration tank (D), spray column (B) bottom is provided with the industrial waste gas inlet (1) that is connected to air-introduced machine (A), and spray column (B) is provided with at least one peep hole (10) can monitor gas preliminary treatment situation at any time; Be provided with the running water circulated sprinkling system that spray equipment (3), cistern (6) and water pump (11) are formed in the spray column; Spray column (B) top is provided with gas vent (2), and the bottom is provided with draining valve (7), and gas vent (2) is connected to bio-trickling filter (C) bottom by the pipeline that is provided with check-valves (9) and flowmeter (8); Be filled with biologic packing material (18) in the bio-trickling filter (C), described biologic packing material (18) is a composite, is made of apposition growth microorganism on it the organic hard material of the high porous of voidage; Bio-trickling filter (C) is provided with peep hole (17) can monitor the gas treatment situation at any time; Store mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge (20) in the aeration tank (D), and be connected to the spray equipment (16) on bio-trickling filter (C) top with pipeline through water pump (21), so that mineral nutrition liquid and activated sludge (20) evenly are sprayed in the bio-trickling filter (C); Bio-trickling filter (C) top is provided with Waste gas outlet (15), and bio-trickling filter (C) bottom is provided with nutrient solution and activated sludge outlet (19), and described nutrient solution and activated sludge outlet (19) are connected to aeration tank (D) through pipeline; Aeration tank (D) is provided with aeration tube (13) and aeration head (14), and aeration tube (13) is connected with aerator (12).
6. the biofiltration device of the described purifying industrial organic waste gas of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the organic hard material of described porous is Pall ring or Raschig ring or baton round, and above-mentioned porous filler is loaded and should be made bio-trickling filter not stop up because of the microorganism undue growth.
7. the biofiltration device of the described purifying industrial organic waste gas of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described bio-trickling filter (C) tower body is divided into multilayer, and every layer is equipped with spray and is provided with and filler.
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