CN101705375B - 一种金属镁冶炼还原炉 - Google Patents
一种金属镁冶炼还原炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101705375B CN101705375B CN2009102541218A CN200910254121A CN101705375B CN 101705375 B CN101705375 B CN 101705375B CN 2009102541218 A CN2009102541218 A CN 2009102541218A CN 200910254121 A CN200910254121 A CN 200910254121A CN 101705375 B CN101705375 B CN 101705375B
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound 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[Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metals Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metals Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effects Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003345 natural gases Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oils Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurries Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 281000056277 Storage Technology, Corp. companies 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 206010022000 Influenza Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003546 flue gases Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 sprays Substances 0.000 description 2
- KCUVLWXFELQKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1[C][C][C][C]1CC Chemical compound [C]1[C][C][C][C]1CC KCUVLWXFELQKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
本发明涉及一种还原炉，尤其是涉及一种金属镁冶炼还原炉。一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，包括炉体、支撑炉体的钢架、炉墙、安装在炉体上的还原罐，还原罐上连接的真空系统，炉体两侧设有燃烧及烟风系统，其特征在于：该还原炉体的两侧炉墙上设有至少两层可以做为出烟口的燃烧器，燃烧器的喷口朝向还原炉的炉膛；本发明具有独特燃烧系统、适合各种燃料、炉膛温度均匀、损耗低、同时应用烟气余热回收蓄热技术、使燃烧所需空气温度提高、燃烧效果明显变好、还原炉排烟温度明显降低。
Description
一种金属镁冶炼还原炉技术领域[0001] 本发明涉及一种还原炉，尤其是涉及一种金属镁冶炼还原炉。 背景技术[0002] 传统的金属镁冶炼还原炉一般均采用固体燃料层状燃烧，或煤气等气体燃料加热 还原罐。固体燃料燃烧不充分，人工加燃料的方式不连续、不稳定，火焰结构不合理，造成还 原炉内温度场不均勻，不能把燃料燃烧释放出来的热能快速有效传入还原罐内；近几年来 发展起来的燃烧煤气的还原炉，虽然部分解决了上述问题，但还原炉内温度场的均勻性问 题仍然没有得到很好的解决，特别是在还原炉大型化时，炉内温度的均勻性问题更为突出， 严重制约了大型还原炉的发展。发明内容[0003] 本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种具有独特燃烧系统、适合各种燃 料、损耗低、同时应用烟气余热回收蓄热技术、使燃烧所需空气温度提高、燃烧效果明显变 好、还原炉排烟温度明显降低，且可以大型化的一种金属镁冶炼还原炉。[0004] 本发明通过如下方式实现：[0005] 一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，包括炉体、支撑炉体的钢架、炉墙、安装在炉体上的还原 罐，还原罐上连接的真空系统，炉体两侧设有燃烧及烟风系统，其特征在于：该还原炉体的 两侧炉墙上设有至少两层可以做为出烟口的燃烧器，燃烧器的喷口朝向还原炉的炉膛；[0006] 所述同侧炉墙上的上下所述燃烧器左右错开，两侧所述炉墙上的所述燃烧器上下 对应；[0007] 所述燃烧器均与一控制系统相连，每个燃烧器上均安装有换向阀，换向阀与上述 控制系统连接；[0008] 所述还原炉炉体是蓄热式的，该系统内设有蓄热体；[0009] 所述每侧炉墙上设有的燃烧器可以是两层、三层或四层；[0010] 所述每侧炉墙上设有的燃烧器可根据还原炉炉体内的还原罐的排数设置为两排、 三排或多排；[0011] 所述燃烧及烟风系统燃烧的燃料为煤粉、煤气、水煤浆、天然气、燃料油，或其它单 相或多相流体燃料；[0012] 所述布置有燃烧器的两侧炉墙可以分别是还原炉体的左右炉墙、前后炉墙、或上 下炉墙。[0013] 本发明有如下效果：[0014] 1)结构独特：本发明提供的还原炉包括炉体、支撑炉体的钢架、炉墙、安装在炉体 上的还原罐，还原罐上连接有真空系统，炉体两侧设有燃料烟风系统，其特征在于：还原炉 的两侧炉墙上设有至少两层燃烧器，且一侧炉墙的燃烧器上下错开、两侧炉墙上的燃烧器 上下呼应，上述每个燃烧器的燃烧口，同时为炉膛对面墙上燃烧器的出烟口 ；所述所有的燃烧器均与一控制系统相连，每个燃烧器上均安装有换向阀，换向阀与上述控制系统连接，具 有独特的燃烧系统。[0015] 2)燃烧方式独特、炉膛温度在水平方向和垂直方向上均勻、延长了还原炉和还原 罐的使用寿命：本发明提供的还原炉，每侧炉墙上的燃烧器分两层布置，且喷口朝向还原炉 的炉膛。工作时，通过控制系统对燃烧器的切换，一侧炉墙上部燃烧器和另一侧炉墙下部燃 烧器先工作，同时，该侧炉墙下部燃烧器和另一侧炉墙上部燃烧器先关闭，进行一种燃烧即 烟气循环状态，对还原罐进行加热；此种工作状态持续一段时间后，即炉体烟气将蓄热体加 热到一定温度后，控制系统发出指令，操作燃烧烟风系统的换向阀，关闭前述一侧炉墙上部 燃烧器和另一侧炉墙下部燃烧器，打开该侧炉墙下部燃烧器和另一侧炉墙上部燃烧器，完 成另一种燃烧即烟气循环状态，也对还原炉炉膛进行加热。上述工作状态持续一段时间后， 即炉体烟气将蓄热体加热到一定温度后，控制系统发出指令，操作燃烧烟风系统的换向阀， 再重新打开关闭两侧炉墙上的燃烧器，进行上述第一种燃烧状态。如此反复，实现蓄热式循 环工作，燃烧时高速烟气经预燃室、蓄热体后喷入炉膛，甚至可以直达对面炉墙内壁，并卷 吸周围烟气，在罐区形成绕流，可加速罐表面的对流换热，增强换热效果。还原罐的两侧同 时加热，有利于管内被加热物质的均勻受热。同时，这种燃烧方式在炉膛高度方向有很强的 回流及扰动作用，使炉内温度场很均勻，加热效果比较理想。[0016] 3)燃烧效率高、能耗低、适用的燃料范围广：本发明提供的还原炉由于采用了独 特的燃烧系统，因而其燃料可以为煤粉、煤气、水煤浆、天然气、燃料油，或其它单相或多相 流体燃料，不但可以提高燃料燃烧效率，而且降低了能耗。还原罐的两侧同时加热，有利于 管内被加热物质的均勻受热。同时，这种燃烧方式在炉膛高度方向有很强的回流及扰动作 用，使炉内温度场很均勻，加热效果比较理想。该燃烧方式既适用于立式还原罐或炉，也适 用于卧式还原罐或炉。[0017] 4)本发明应用烟气余热回收蓄热技术，使燃烧所需空气温度提高，燃烧效果明显 变好，还原炉排烟温度明显降低，节能优势明显。附图说明[0018] 图1为本发明的结构示意图；[0019] 图2为本发明图1沿A-A的剖示图；[0020] 图3为本发明一种烟气循环状态示意图；[0021] 图4为本发明另一种烟气循环状态示意图。具体实施方式[0022] 一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，包括炉体1、支撑炉体1的钢架2、炉墙3、安装在炉体1上 的还原罐4，还原罐4上连接的真空系统5，炉体1两侧设有燃烧及烟风系统7，如图1和2 所示：该还原炉体1的两侧炉墙3上设有至少两层可以做为出烟口的燃烧器6，燃烧器6的 喷口朝向还原炉的炉膛，所述同侧炉墙3上的上下所述燃烧器6左右错开，两侧所述炉墙3 上的所述燃烧器6上下对应，所述燃烧器6均与一控制系统8相连，每个燃烧器6上均安装 有换向阀9，换向阀9与上述控制系统8连接。[0023] 上述还原炉炉体1是蓄热式的，该系统内设有蓄热体。[0024] 上述每侧炉墙3上设有的燃烧器6可以是两层、三层或四层6。[0025] 上述每侧炉墙3上设有的燃烧器6可根据还原炉炉体1内的还原罐4的排数设置 为两排、三排或多排。[0026] 上述燃烧及烟风系统7燃烧的燃料为煤粉、煤气、水煤浆、天然气、燃料油，或其它 单相或多相流体燃料。[0027] 上述布置有燃烧器6的两侧炉墙3可以分别是还原炉体1的左右炉墙、前后炉墙、 或上下炉墙。[0028] 上述还原炉同侧炉墙3上的上下燃烧器6左右错开，两侧炉墙3上的燃烧器6上 下对应，即一侧炉墙3上部的燃烧器6燃烧口，同时是对面下部燃烧器6的出烟口，经过控 制系统切换后，所述对面下部燃烧器6的出烟口又切换为燃烧口，而其对面炉墙3上部的燃 烧口，也切换为出烟口，故上述每个燃烧器6燃烧口同时均为出烟口。[0029] 对于两排罐的还原炉，每侧墙布置6个、左右两侧墙共布置12个燃烧器。[0030] 工作时，一侧炉墙上部3个燃烧器和另一侧炉墙下部3个燃烧器先工作，同时，该 侧炉墙下部3个燃烧器和另一侧炉墙上部3个燃烧器先关闭，如图3所示：进行一种燃烧即 烟气循环状态，对还原罐进行加热；此种工作状态持续一段时间后，即炉体烟气将蓄热体加 热到一定温度后，控制系统发出指令，操作燃烧烟风系统的换向阀，关闭前述一侧炉墙上部 3个燃烧器和另一侧炉墙下部3个燃烧器，打开该侧炉墙下部3个燃烧器和另一侧炉墙上部 3个燃烧器，完成另一种如图4所示的燃烧即烟气循环状态，也对还原罐进行加热。[0031] 上述工作状态持续一段时间后，即炉体烟气将蓄热体加热到一定温度后，控制系 统发出指令，操作燃烧烟风系统的换向阀，再重新打开关闭两侧炉墙上的燃烧器，进行上述 第一种燃烧状态。如此反复，实现蓄热式循环工作，燃烧时高速烟气经预燃室、蓄热体后喷 入炉膛，甚至可以直达对面炉墙内壁，并卷吸周围烟气，在罐区形成绕流，可加速罐表面的 对流换热，增强换热效果。还原罐的两侧同时加热，有利于管内被加热物质的均勻受热。同 时，这种燃烧方式在炉膛高度方向有很强的回流及扰动作用，使炉内温度场很均勻，加热效 果比较理想。
Claims (5)
1. 一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，包括炉体（1)、支撑炉体（1)的钢架O)、炉墙（3)、安装在 炉体（1)上的还原罐G)，还原罐（4)上连接的真空系统（5)，炉体（1)两侧设有燃烧及烟 风系统（7)，其特征在于：该还原炉炉体（1)的两侧炉墙（3)上设有至少两层可以做为出烟 口的燃烧器（6)，燃烧器（6)的喷口朝向还原炉的炉膛，所述两侧炉墙（3)同侧的上下所述 燃烧器（6)左右错开，所述两侧炉墙（¾上的所述燃烧器（6)上下对应，所述燃烧器（6)均 与一控制系统（8)相连，每个燃烧器（6)上均安装有换向阀（9)，换向阀（9)与上述控制系 统（8)连接，所述还原炉炉体（1)是蓄热式的，该系统内设有蓄热体。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，其特征在于：所述两侧炉墙（3)每侧 上设有的燃烧器（6)是两层、三层或四层（6)。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，其特征在于：所述两侧炉墙（3)每侧 上设有的燃烧器（6)可根据还原炉炉体（1)内的还原罐（4)的排数设置为两排、三排或更 多排。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，其特征在于：所述燃烧及烟风系统（7) 燃烧的燃料为煤粉、煤气、水煤浆、天然气、燃料油，或其它单相或多相流体燃料。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种金属镁冶炼还原炉，其特征在于：所述布置有燃烧器（6) 的两侧炉墙（3)分别是还原炉体（1)的左右炉墙、前后炉墙、或上下炉墙。
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| CN102944016B (zh) * | 2012-12-11 | 2016-01-20 | 开泰镁业有限公司 | 大型立式还原炉用煤粉燃烧器 |
| CN102944114A (zh) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-02-27 | 开泰镁业有限公司 | 大型悬挂式平炉顶还原炉 |
| CN104342564A (zh) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-02-11 | 宁夏鹏程致远自动化技术有限公司 | 一种金属镁冶炼还原罐置换机 |
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| CN101020966A (zh) * | 2007-03-16 | 2007-08-22 | 北京胜亚恒源热能技术开发有限公司 | 一种高效节能环保型蓄热式金属镁立式还原炉 |
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