CN101703230B - The method of producing artificial grain by cellulose biomass - Google Patents
The method of producing artificial grain by cellulose biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101703230B CN101703230B CN200910222255.1A CN200910222255A CN101703230B CN 101703230 B CN101703230 B CN 101703230B CN 200910222255 A CN200910222255 A CN 200910222255A CN 101703230 B CN101703230 B CN 101703230B
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Abstract
The method that the invention discloses producing artificial grain by cellulose biomass, a kind of technology using cellulose biomass to be raw material production grain.This technology includes following committed step: be water miscible little molecule by the hemicellulose in cellulose biomass and proteolysis, desalination bleaching, be dried to obtain solid product, solid product based on saccharide, aminoacid be auxiliary, similar with the composition of cereals grain, grain can be substituted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation of the Edible material being made up of saccharide and protein, particularly relate to that a kind of to use cellulose biomass be method and the production technology that artificial grain prepared by raw material.
Background technology
Grain, based on starch, protein be auxiliary, for eating, provide energy and amino acid whose material for health, i.e. enter internal after, be converted into monosaccharide be main, aminoacid be auxiliary material.
The growth of population in the world is irreversible trend, and traditional grain, the seed of various corn, by can acreage under cultivation be limited, the paces of volume increase cannot catch up with the speed that population increases, the vile weather that particularly global warming causes, and will directly affect the growth of corn.But, a lot of cellulose biomass, as weeds, phragmites communis, bamboo, water plant, etc., the most all the better be prone to increase.How to meet the grain demand constantly increasing population, to human society and important.In June, 2009, the statistics of the United Nations showed, currently has more than 1,000,000,000 populations and is in starvation.
Cellulose biomass is the organic carbon source that on the earth, yield is maximum, regenerates every year, and its yield is significantly larger than the yield of corn.Statistics shows, Chinese annual yield of biomass is more than 2,100,000,000 tons, and the yield of corn only about 500,000,000 tons, say, that the annual production of cellulose biomass, in China, is more than 3 times of grain yield.And so on, the cellulose biomass annual production in the whole world, the most at least more than 3 times of corn annual production.If able to obtain substituting the material of corn from cellulose biomass, it is possible to the annual production of world food is greatly improved, solve the hungry problem of the mankind.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide that a kind of to use cellulose biomass be raw material, preparation based on saccharide, aminoacid be auxiliary, and the method for the material that after the corn internal digestion of entrance, composition is similar, i.e. artificial grain and production technology.
In the present invention, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of artificial grain, described method includes step:
(1) cellulose biomass and catalyst are mixed 1 minute-9 hours at 50-150 DEG C, be filtrated to get solution 1；
(2) regulate the acid-base value of solution 1, obtain the solution 2 of pH5.5-7.5；With
(3) remove the salt in solution 2, obtain the artificial grain of liquid.
In another preference, the catalyst described in step (1) is selected from organic acid, mineral acid or its mixing;In terms of the weight of described cellulose biomass, the consumption of catalyst is 0.1-10wt%.
In another preference, the cellulose biomass in step (1) is the size-reduced one-tenth granularity cellulose biomass at 1-3mm.
In another preference, the solution 2 in step (3) is the solution through desolventing technology.
In another preference, the artificial grain electrical conductivity of the liquid obtained in step (3) is less than 50 μ s/cm.
In another preference, also include step (4) after step (3): be dried by the artificial grain of liquid, obtain the artificial grain of solid.
In another preference, the drying means in step (4) is selected from spray drying, vacuum drying, frozen drying, film drying, airpillow-dry etc..
In another preference, in step (1), cellulose biomass and catalyst mix 30 minutes-2 hours at 110-130 DEG C.
In another preference, in step (1), in terms of the weight of described cellulose biomass, the consumption of catalyst is 8-10wt%.
In a second aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the purposes of a kind of cellulose biomass, it is used for preparing artificial grain.
Accordingly, the present invention obtains substituting the material of corn from cellulose biomass, it is expected to the annual production of world food is greatly improved, for solving the hungry problem of the mankind as possible.
Detailed description of the invention
The definition of cellulose biomass (Cellulosic Biomass or the referred to as Lignocellulosic Biomass) raw material of the present invention is: containing the biomass of cellulose, they main organic polymer compositions include cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, etc., such as various hardwood, cork, bark, leaves, tree root, rattan, weeds, phragmites communis, bamboo, water plant, corn straw, broomcorn straw, wheat straw, beanstalk, Brassica campestris L straw, seedling of Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the seedling of potato class, herbaceous fruit seedling and Cotton Gossypii straw, etc..
In the present invention, term " artificial grain " and term " succedaneum of grain " can exchange use, all referring to the Edible material being made up of saccharide and protein, i.e. based on saccharide, aminoacid be auxiliary, and corn enters the material that composition is similar after internal digestion.Preferably, the mixture of the soluble small molecular obtained from hemicellulose and the protein of cellulose biomass is referred to through catalyst action.Described soluble small molecular includes monosaccharide, polysaccharide, aminoacid and peptide.
The catalyst of degraded is acidic materials, can be organic acid and mineral acid, and they can be liquid, can also be solid, can be pure single acid, it is also possible to be the mixture of acid, or on solid carrier.
Although mineral acid can use, but owing to food typically not allowing other acid ion or content restricted, the preferred hydrochloric acid of acid catalyst.Sodium chloride is to allow in food, simultaneously as the maturation that sodium chloride removing sulfuldioxide is suitable, removes advantage of lower cost.
The consumption of catalyst is generally 0.1%-10%(corresponding to cellulose biomass, weight ratio), not the catalyst amount in this interval can also the carrying out of catalytic reaction, but be below the catalyst amount in this interval, reaction is relatively slow, the most preferably；Higher than the catalyst amount in this interval, cost is the highest, the most preferred.
Course of reaction generally comprises following steps.
1, pulverized fiber cellulosic biomass,
2, the hemicellulose in catalytic degradation cellulose biomass and protein,
3, desalination is neutralized,
4, decolouring is dried.
Cellulose biomass is pulverized, general granularity at 2 millimeters, the most greatly can also, but response speed is relatively slow, the least good, but be ground into the least granule and need more energy consumption.
Hemicellulose in acid catalyzed degradation cellulose biomass and protein, reaction temperature is typically at 50 more than C, 150 below C.50 below C can react, but reaction is relatively slow, the most preferably；150 more than C can also react, but the degradation speed of aminoacid and monosaccharide is accelerated, the most preferably.
Hemicellulose in acid catalyzed degradation cellulose biomass and protein, reaction need not impressed pressure.Reaction it is generally required to more than one minute, within several hours.
Hemicellulose in acid catalyzed degradation cellulose biomass and protein, both can carry out in batch reactor (Batch reactor systems), at continuous way flow reactor system (Continuous flow reactor systems), or can also continue to flow through in formula reactor assembly (Flow through reactor systems) and carry out.
The method of the producing artificial grain by cellulose biomass disclosed in the present invention, it is applicable to the biomass of all of cellulose, including, but not limited to fresh cellulose biomass, or the cellulose biomass being dried, such as various hardwood, cork, bark, leaves, tree root, rattan, weeds, phragmites communis, bamboo, water plant；Corn straw, broomcorn straw, wheat straw, beanstalk, Brassica campestris L straw, cotton straw, Semen Sesami straw, seedling of Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the seedling of potato class, herbaceous fruit seedling and Cotton Gossypii straw, etc..
In a preference of the present invention, the preparation method of described artificial grain, including step:
A () mixes being ground into granularity cellulose biomass and catalyst at 1-3mm 0.5-2 hour at 80-140 DEG C, be filtrated to get solution a；
B the acid-base value of () regulation solution a, obtains the solution b of pH5.8-6.2；
C () removes the salt in solution b, obtain the electrical conductivity liquid artificial grain less than 50 μ s/cm；With
D liquid artificial grain is dried by (), obtain solid artificial's grain.
Preparation solid artificial's grain during, other component of all permissions can be added, with prepare different taste, hardness, special digestion needs, etc. product.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the present invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, generally according to normal condition or according to the condition proposed by manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, the most all of percent, ratio, ratio or number are by weight.
The unit in percent weight in volume in the present invention is well-known to those skilled in the art, such as, refer to the weight of solute in the solution of 100 milliliters.
Unless otherwise defined, the same meaning that all specialties used in literary composition are familiar with one skilled in the art with scientific words.Additionally, any method similar or impartial to described content and material all can be applicable in the inventive method.Preferable implementation described in literary composition only presents a demonstration with material and is used.
Embodiment
1
In glass lined reaction vessel, add the wheat straw (dry weight) of 1000 grams, the hydrochloric acid of 1% concentration of 9 liters, seal, rise temperature 120 DEG C and maintain 1 hour at this temperature.
After being cooled to room temperature, filter, after solid pure water, give over to other purposes.
Filter off the liquid of solid product, use the sodium hydroxide of 40% that pH regulator to about 6, electrodialysis desalination, the electrical conductivity until solution are less than 50 μ s/cm.
In above-mentioned solution, add the craboraffin of 200 grams, after being slowly stirred one hour, solids removed by filtration, obtain clear, colorless or nearly colourless liquid.
Being spray-dried, obtain 156 grams of faint yellow solids (productivity 15.6%), the amino acid content that nitriding measures in product is 19 grams, i.e. protein content is 12%, is similar to common corn.Other composition is mainly monosaccharide, respectively glucose 18 grams, arabinose 19 grams, xylose 48 grams, galactose 68 grams, and remaining is ash.Using liquid phase chromatographic analysis method, liquid chromatography HPLC is classical monosaccharide analysis, uses the LC-NH of SUPELCOSIL2Detached dowel (250X4.6mm), flowing is acetonitrile mutually: water=3:1, flow velocity is 1 ml/min, RI-detector, the retention time of ribose about 5.8 minutes, the retention time of xylose about 6.6 minutes, the retention time of arabinose about 7.3 minutes, the retention time of fructose about 8.2 minutes, the retention time of glucose about 9.7 minutes, the retention time of galactose is at about 10.2 minutes.
Embodiment
2
Reaction and embodiment 1 are similar, and difference is catalyst type, consumption, response time.
In glass lined reaction vessel, add the cellulose biomass (dry weight) of 1000 grams, the water containing acid catalyst of 9 liters, seal, after being warmed up to predetermined temperature, maintain the most predetermined time.
After being cooled to room temperature, filter, after solid pure water, give over to other purposes.
Filter off the liquid of solid product, by pH regulator to about 6, desalination, until the electrical conductivity of solution is less than 50 μ s/cm.
In above-mentioned solution, add the craboraffin of 200 grams, after being slowly stirred one hour, solids removed by filtration, obtain clear, colorless or nearly colourless liquid.
| Raw material | Catalyst/consumption | Reaction temperature DEG C | Response time (min) | Product yield (gram) |
| Wheat straw | Sulphuric acid 2% | 120 | 60 | 148 |
| Wheat straw | Formic acid 5% | 140 | 60 | 161 |
| Wheat straw | Hydrochloric acid 6% | 80 | 300 | 161 |
| Beanstalk | Hydrochloric acid 0.5% | 120 | 160 | 155 |
| Beanstalk | Hydrochloric acid 3% | 110 | 40 | 168 |
| Beanstalk | Formic acid 5% | 140 | 60 | 153 |
| Phragmites communis | Hydrochloric acid 2% | 120 | 60 | 167 |
| Phragmites communis | Formic acid 5% | 140 | 60 | 158 |
In product, protein content is between 8-14%.
Although the artificial grain composition that different cellulose biomass obtain is distinguished a little, but product composition is similar, and difference is only the ratio of these components.If this method using us to invent prepares grain, by the cellulose biomass Production rate of annual about 1,600,000,000 tons of China, can obtain the grain of about 2.5 hundred million tons, the grain being equivalent to China directly increases by 50%, i.e. China is further added by 700,000,000 populations, can solve the demand of grain.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of an artificial grain, it is characterised in that described method includes step:
A () mixes being ground into granularity cellulose biomass and catalyst at 1-3mm 0.5-2 hour at 80-140 DEG C, mistake
Filter obtains solution a；Described catalyst is selected from organic acid, mineral acid or its mixing；Weight with described cellulose biomass
Meter, the consumption of catalyst is 0.1-10wt%；
B the acid-base value of () regulation solution a, obtains the solution b of pH5.8-6.2；
C () removes the salt in solution b, obtain the electrical conductivity liquid artificial grain less than 50 μ s/cm.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that also include step (d) after step (c): by the artificial grain of liquid
Food is dried, and obtains the artificial grain of solid.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the drying means in step (d) is done selected from spray drying, vacuum
Dry, frozen drying, film drying, airpillow-dry.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (a), in terms of the weight of described cellulose biomass,
The consumption of catalyst is 0.5-6wt%.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101199944A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-06-18 | 淮北中润生物能源技术开发有限公司 | Cellulose biomimetic catalysis hydrolysis system and application in liquid fuel production thereof |
| CN101394928A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2009-03-25 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | Catalyst for hydrolysis of cellulose and/or reduction of hydrolysis product thereof, and method for producing sugar alcohol from cellulose |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101394928A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2009-03-25 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | Catalyst for hydrolysis of cellulose and/or reduction of hydrolysis product thereof, and method for producing sugar alcohol from cellulose |
| CN101199944A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-06-18 | 淮北中润生物能源技术开发有限公司 | Cellulose biomimetic catalysis hydrolysis system and application in liquid fuel production thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张毅民等.木质纤维素类生物质酸水解研究进展.《世界科技研究与发展》.2007,第29卷(第01期),48-54. * |
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