CN101703099B - Natural anti-staling agent suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Natural anti-staling agent suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101703099B CN101703099B CN200910194016XA CN200910194016A CN101703099B CN 101703099 B CN101703099 B CN 101703099B CN 200910194016X A CN200910194016X A CN 200910194016XA CN 200910194016 A CN200910194016 A CN 200910194016A CN 101703099 B CN101703099 B CN 101703099B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a natural anti-staling agent suitable for the storage and the fresh keeping of mangos and a preparation method thereof. The natural anti-staling agent consists of eugenol or clove oil, methyl jasmonate, CaCL2, a solvent, water and a surfactant, wherein the mass volume ratio of the eugenol or the clove oil to the methyl jasmonate to the CaCL2 to the solvent to the surfactant to the water is 5-20:0.5-2.0:0.5-2.0:10-30:0.1-0.4:70-230. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dissolving the methyl jasmonate in an organic solvent at the room temperature or in a water bath between 25 and 35 DEG C to prepare a methyl jasmonate solution; adding a proper quantity of the eugenol or the clove oil into the methyl jasmonate solution, and stirring and mixing the mixture evenly; then adding the CaCL2 into a small amount of the water until the CaCL2 is dissolved completely; adding the surfactant into water to prepare an emulsion of which the volume ratio is 0.5 to 1.0 percent; and finally, adding the emulsion into the methyl jasmonate solution added with the eugenol or the clove oil and into the CaCL2 solution to 100 percent, and mixing the two solutions to obtain the natural anti-staling agent. The natural anti-staling agent has the functions of fresh keeping and sterilization at the same time, and the mangos treated by the natural anti-staling agent has obviously relieved diseases, and the product appearance and the quality are obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antistaling agent, be specifically related to a kind of crude antistaling agent that is suitable for mango fresh-keeping and preparation method thereof, belong to the postharvest technology of fruits and vegetables field.
Background technology
The storage of agricultural product and fresh-keeping be an important step of agricultural production; Especially tropical fruit (tree); Receive place of production high-temperature high humidity climate condition effect, it is vigorous to adopt the back respiratory metabolism, phenomenon such as brown stain very easily takes place, rot; Storage fresh-keeping is difficulty relatively, has greatly influenced the remote transportation and the sale of product.
Mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) is a kind of important tropical fruit (tree), and taste is fragrant and sweet good to eat, and is with rich flavor, nutritious, have the title of " torrid zone fruit king ".As one of large tropical fruit (tree), in China hot-zone plantation is arranged all, area reaches 1,900,000 mu, accounts for 4.75% of the tropical fruit (tree) gross area, is only second to lichee, longan and banana.After mango was gathered, it was edible that (about 30 ℃) after-ripening is generally at room temperature deposited 3-5 days, and local flavor is splendid; But after 5-8 days, some on the fruit hide disease (like anthracnose and blossom-end rot etc.) begin the morbidity, black or brown scab appear; Fruit putresces, and causes eating.According to incompletely statistics, the loss that disease caused because fruit is hidden accounts for the 10-30% of total output, and high reaches 70%, and China's mango industry is annual therefore with a toll of tens million of units.Usually adopt the method for refrigeration to transport and preserve at present; Can prolong the shelf life of product to a certain extent; But because corresponding cold chain construction cost is higher, be difficult to for the moment popularize the cold chain technology of storage and transport, and some mango kind fruit is prone to freeze injury when refrigeration.Therefore, as another approach that can effectively reduce mango storage decayed fruit rate---the method for using fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent is adopted by the numerous producers.
Fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent can be divided into two big types, i.e. chemical synthesis and natural fruit vegetables antistaling agent.For a long time, people utilize various chemical synthesis materials, and research and the application of fruits and vegetables being carried out fresh-retaining preserving have obtained significant preservation and antisepsis effect.But some chemical synthesis materials often have certain negative effect to health, and generally all are after adopting, to use, and are short from administration to the edible time, exist the drug safety problem of interval.Therefore, people begin diversion on the exploitation and research of natural fruit vegetables antistaling agent.
Plant is the natural treasure-house of bioactive compound, and wherein many times biochemical material has bacteriostatic activity, and has environmental friendliness, active characteristics such as various, in agricultural, pharmaceutically important researching value arranged.(SaLicyLicacid is a kind of phenolic compound that plant kingdom extensively exists SA) to methyl jasmonate, is the signal of interest molecule of plant disease-resistant reaction.In recent years, methyl jasmonate more and more receives people's attention in the effect aspect the inducing plant disease resistance.With the external source methyl jasmonate as inducible factor, but evoking tobacco, potato, cucumber and paddy rice etc. make part and the system resistance of deposits yields to fungi, bacterium and virus disease.
Cloves (Syringa obLata) is a myrtle, is China's traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and its active ingredient can be used for treating deficiency-cold in spleen and stomach, the hiccup vomiting, and food is few vomits and diarrhoea trusted subordinate's crymodynia, impotence due to deficiency of the kidney etc.Cloves also has stronger antibacterial action; Research shows that clove oil has stronger inhibition effect to the pathogenetic bacteria in some plant pathogenic fungis and the food: postharvest fruit and vegetable The main pathogenic fungi such as grape, winter jujube, peach, garlic shoot are had good inhibition effect, and 600mg/L essential oil can suppress the light grey and pinkish mould fully; The cloves extract obviously is superior to producing common chemical antistaling agent sec-butylamine to the fresh-keeping effect of pimento, and shows the old and feeble effect of certain inhibition; Adopt the respond well of cloves extract freshness preserving cauliflower, vitamin C loss and weight-loss ratio are starkly lower than contrast, but also show the effect of the old and feeble brown stain of better inhibited; Cloves can reduce pimento duration of storage respiratory intensity, reduces moisture loss, reduces the fruit relative conductivity, suppresses the accumulation of MDA (MDA), handles the green pepper comparison and keeps higher good fruit rate according to green pepper; The activity extract eugenol of cloves all has the exhibited strong inhibition effect to mango anthracnose, banana anthracnose and droop.In sum, cloves has the good restraining effect to the rotten germ of causing of fruits and vegetables, and shows the ripe old and feeble effect of fruits and vegetables that suppresses.
The improvement of fruits and vegetables harmful organism mainly contains three measures, and the one, improve the disease resistance of crop, the 2nd, reduce pathogeny quantity, the 3rd, create an environment that is unfavorable for that disease is popular.If simultaneously from the resistance that improves crop, suppress two aspects of growth of pathogenic bacteria and consider, the effect that performance is got twice the result with half the effort.Therefore research and development can effectively improve the resistance of fruits and vegetables, the antistaling agent that suppresses the natural environmental-protective of pathogen has very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of crude antistaling agent that is suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos and people and animals and environment are had no side effect; This antistaling agent has inducing anti-disease and sterilization double effects concurrently; Can significantly improve the disease resistance of fruit and the germ quantity of hiding of reduction fruit; Reduce the decayed fruit rate, prolong the freshness date and the shelf life of fruit.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of said crude antistaling agent.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
A kind of crude antistaling agent that is suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos is by eugenol (or caryophyllus oil), methyl jasmonate, CaCL
2, solvent, water and surfactant form said eugenol (or caryophyllus oil), methyl jasmonate, CaCL
2, solvent, surfactant and water mass volume ratio be 5～20: 0.5～2.0: 0.5～2.0: 10～30: 0.1～0.4: 70～230, (remove CaCL
21 part is that other are volume ratio outside the 1g, and promptly 1 part is 1mL).
Said eugenol content is 95%, and Wuhan Yuancheng Technology Development Co., Ltd. produces.Caryophyllus oil is a raw material with the cloves bud, extracts the back extracted with diethyl ether with steam distillation and obtains, or with obtaining with conventional column chromatography for separation after the 95% ethanol lixiviate.
Said methyl jasmonate is pure for analyzing, and 1Guanghua Chemical Plant Co., Ltd., Guangdong produces.
Said CaCL
2Pure for analyzing, Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production.
Said solvent is ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate.Preferred 95% ethanol (analyzing pure).
Said water is distilled water, running water or well water.
Said surfactant can be used Tween 80, agricultural newborn 600# etc.
The present invention provides the preparation method of said crude antistaling agent simultaneously, and concrete preparation method is:
(1) methyl jasmonate is used organic solvent dissolution, make methyl jasmonate solution;
(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add an amount of eugenol or caryophyllus oil, mix;
(3) with CaCL
2Add in the low amounts of water to dissolving fully;
(4) the surfactant water being made into volume ratio is 0.5～1.0% emulsion;
(5) solution of step (2) gained, the solution of step (3) gained are mixed, add the emulsion to 100% of step (4) gained, stir, mix;
Said preparation method all at room temperature carries out, and also can under water-bath (25～35 ℃) condition, carry out.
Crude antistaling agent provided by the invention has fresh-keeping and effect sterilization simultaneously, and through the mango that this crude antistaling agent is handled, disease obviously alleviates, product appearance, quality all be improved significantly.Said preparation also has the following advantages simultaneously: 1. this medicament process for preparation is simple, and conventional vessel is mixed and gets final product.2. draw materials conveniently (eugenol, methyl jasmonate be suitability for industrialized production), with low cost.3. said preparation environmental protection, non agricultural chemical residuum.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, below the present invention is further described, but be not limited to these embodiment through the following embodiment that accomplishes according to above technical scheme.
Embodiment 1
The cloves bud is dried, pulverize, extract, obtain oil water mixture with steam distillation.Standing demix divides oil-yielding stratum, and water is with extracted with diethyl ether 3 times, combining extraction liquid, and anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, filtration obtains volatile oil behind the pressure reducing and steaming ether.Or with cloves bud powder with 95% alcohol immersion 3 times, soaked 3 days at every turn, merging filtrate, the decompression rotation is condensed into paste, last silicagel column is used the benzinum wash-out, steaming petroleum ether obtains volatile oil.The method that is adopted is this area conventional method.
Embodiment 2
(1) the 0.5g methyl jasmonate is used the 20mL95% dissolve with ethanol, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 10mL eugenol, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 1.5g CaCL
2Add a small amount of distilled water to dissolving fully.(4) using distilled water to be made into volume ratio the surfactant Tween 80 is 0.5% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.5% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) the 1.0g methyl jasmonate is dissolved with 25mL methyl alcohol, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 20mL eugenol, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 1.0g CaCL
2Add a small amount of running water to dissolving fully.(4) with surfactant farming breast 600
#Using running water to be made into volume ratio is 1.0% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 1.0% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 2.
Embodiment 4
(1) the 1.5g methyl jasmonate is used the 30mL acetone solution, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 15mL caryophyllus oil, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 2.0g CaCL
2Add a small amount of well water to dissolving fully.(4) using well water to be made into volume ratio the surfactant Tween 80 is 0.7% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.7% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 3.
Embodiment 5
(1) the 0.8g methyl jasmonate is used the 15mL acetic acid ethyl dissolution, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 10mL caryophyllus oil, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 1.5g CaCL
2Add a small amount of running water to dissolving fully.(4) with surfactant farming breast 600
#Using running water to be made into volume ratio is 0.5% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.5% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 4.
Embodiment 6
(1) the 1.3g methyl jasmonate is used the 20mL95% dissolve with ethanol, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 15mL eugenol, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 1.5g CaCL
2Add a small amount of distilled water to dissolving fully.(4) using distilled water to be made into volume ratio the surfactant Tween 80 is 0.8% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.8% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 5.
Embodiment 7
(1) the 1.0g methyl jasmonate is used the 15mL95% dissolve with ethanol, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 10mL caryophyllus oil, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 2.0g CaCL
2Add a small amount of running water to dissolving fully.(4) with surfactant farming breast 600
#Using running water to be made into volume ratio is 0.5% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.5% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 6.
Embodiment 8
(1) the 1.5g methyl jasmonate is used the 15mL95% dissolve with ethanol, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 10mL eugenol, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 1.5g CaCL
2Add a small amount of distilled water to dissolving fully.(4) using distilled water to be made into volume ratio the surfactant Tween 80 is 0.5% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.5% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 7.
Embodiment 9
(1) the 1.5g methyl jasmonate is used the 20mL95% dissolve with ethanol, make methyl jasmonate solution.(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add 15mL caryophyllus oil, stirring and evenly mixing.(3) with 1.0g CaCL
2Add a small amount of well water to dissolving fully.(4) with surfactant farming breast 600
#Using well water to be made into volume ratio is 0.9% emulsion.(5) step (2) solution, step (3) solution are mixed, add 0.9% emulsion to 100%, mix, get preparation 8.
Embodiment 10
With 100 times of the emulsion of above-mentioned preparation 1～8 usefulness 0.5% dilutions,, mango sprayed on fruit surface with said preparation in 15-20 days before adopting, and the emulsion with 0.5% is as contrast.Put into paper housing box behind the fruit harvesting, and place 20 ℃ hothouse, investigate the incidence of disease and the disease index of decayed fruit rate, mango anthracnose after 20 days respectively.
Result of the test shows that the incidence of disease and the disease index of mango decayed fruit rate, mango anthracnose all are starkly lower than contrast.
Claims (5)
1. crude antistaling agent that is suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos is characterized in that: this antistaling agent is by eugenol or caryophyllus oil, methyl jasmonate, CaCl
2, solvent, water and surfactant form, the mass volume ratio of each component is: eugenol or caryophyllus oil: methyl jasmonate: CaCl
2: solvent: surfactant: water=5～20: 0.5～2.0: 0.5～2.0: 10～30: 0.1～0.4: 70～230, CaCl
21 part is 1g, and other is volume ratio, and 1 part is 1mL; Described solvent is ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone or ethyl acetate; Described surfactant is Tween 80 or farming breast 600
#
2. a kind of crude antistaling agent that is suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described solvent is preferred 95% ethanol.
3. a kind of crude antistaling agent that is suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described water is distilled water, running water or well water.
4. one kind is used to prepare the described method that is suitable for the crude antistaling agent of storage and fresh keeping of mangos of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) methyl jasmonate is used organic solvent dissolution, make methyl jasmonate solution;
(2) in methyl jasmonate solution, add an amount of eugenol or caryophyllus oil, mix;
(3) with CaCl
2Add in the low amounts of water to dissolving fully;
(4) the surfactant water being made into volume ratio is 0.5～1.0% emulsion;
(5) solution of step (2) gained, the solution of step (3) gained are mixed, add the emulsion to 100% of step (4) gained, stir, mix.
5. according to the described a kind of preparation method who is suitable for the crude antistaling agent of storage and fresh keeping of mangos of claim
, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned preparation method all carries out under room temperature or 25～35 ℃ of water bath condition.
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| CN200910194016XA CN101703099B (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2009-11-19 | Natural anti-staling agent suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos and preparation method thereof |
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| CN200910194016XA CN101703099B (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2009-11-19 | Natural anti-staling agent suitable for storage and fresh keeping of mangos and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101703099B true CN101703099B (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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| CN112753758A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-07 | 北京农业职业学院 | Biological preservative and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112869067A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-01 | 西南林业大学 | Mango comprehensive preservation technology meeting requirement of pesticide residue limit of European Union food |
| CN113179839B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-03-01 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for increasing sugar degree of mango |
| CN114287475B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Antibacterial fresh-keeping film coating liquid for fresh pods of refrigerated broad beans and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117617272A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-03-01 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Application of plant essential oil in preventing and controlling banana pathogenic fungi |
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