CN101702523A - Distributed modular grid-connected power generation system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Distributed modular grid-connected power generation system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed modular grid-connected power generation system and a control method thereof, which belong to the fields of power electronics conversion and grid-connected power generation. The system comprises a DC power supply (1) consisting of n sub-DC power supplies, a DC/DC converter (2) consisting of n sub-DC/DC converters and a DC/AC converter (3) consisting of n sub-DC/AC converters, n is a natural number which is greater than 1, each sub-DC power supply is series-connected with one sub-DC/DC converter and then connected into a DC bus, the input end of each sub-DC/AC converter is connected into the DC bus, and the output end of each is connected into a bus of a power grid. The system sets one of all the sub-DC/AC converters in non-full load work, sets one part of the sub-DC/AC converters in full load work, and automatically closes others according to the voltage of the DC bus, thereby leading the system to be always in the maximum efficiency state. The system has greater significance when the system is applied in the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity generation system, relate in particular to a kind of distributed modular grid-connected power generation system and control method thereof, belong to Technics of Power Electronic Conversion and the field that generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.
Background technology
In short supply along with the traditional fuel energy, regenerative resources such as solar energy, wind energy have obtained paying close attention to widely and studying because it has plurality of advantages such as environmental protection, energy free consumption gradually.
Present distributed photovoltaic power generation system realizes distributed parallel connection at DC/DC converter place, promptly a photovoltaic array is connected with a DC/DC converter respectively, realize maximal power tracing, avoid centralized influencing each other that photovoltaic array caused, improve the efficient of maximal power tracing, carry out the DC/AC conversion by a big capacity centralized inverter behind the DC/DC converter output-parallel, energy is sent into electrical network, therefore, in the photovoltaic array power output hour, the DC/AC converter is operated in light condition, causes the efficient of DC/AC converter lower, has reduced the efficient of overall optical photovoltaic generating system.
At this shortcoming, the someone has proposed to adopt modular DC/DC and DC/AC module as the parallel network reverse module, will be incorporated into the power networks gross power divided by parallel network reverse module single module power by the centralized displaying control module, obtains Integer N; Then each parallel network reverse module is controlled, make No. 1～N parallel network reverse module be in the state of operating at full capacity, N+1 parallel network reverse module is subjected to MPPT to regulate control, will be greater than N+1 number parallel network reverse module Close All, thus make the grid-connected photovoltaic system complete machine always work in the maximal efficiency state.But this method needs the control signal interconnection line, has increased the complexity of system, and because it adopts centralized photovoltaic array, has reduced the maximal power tracing effect of photovoltaic array.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defective that the technology of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems in the background technology exists, and propose a kind of do not have centralized control module, no control signal interconnection line, maximal power tracing efficient height, the distributed modular grid-connected power generation system that is particularly useful for photovoltaic generation and control method thereof.
Distributed modular grid-connected power generation system of the present invention, comprise DC power supply, DC/DC converter and DC/AC converter, described DC power supply comprises n sub-DC power supply, described DC/DC converter comprises n sub-DC/DC converter, described DC/AC converter comprises n sub-DC/AC converter, n is the natural number greater than 1, the output of each sub-DC power supply is connected into dc bus after all being connected in series a sub-DC/DC converter, the input of each sub-DC/AC converter all inserts dc bus, and the output of each sub-DC/AC converter all is connected into the electrical network bus.
No control signal interconnection line between described n the sub-DC/DC converter does not have the control signal interconnection line between described n the sub-DC/AC converter yet.
Based on the control method of above-mentioned distributed modular grid-connected power generation system, the control procedure of all sub-DC/DC converters is identical, and the control procedure of all sub-DC/AC converters is identical, and particular content is as follows:
(1) control procedure of sub-DC/DC converter is divided following two kinds of situations:
A. when DC power supply was the renewable energy source current, the control procedure of sub-DC/DC converter was as follows:
The output voltage V of renewable energy source current
PVWith output current I
PVThrough obtaining the input voltage feedback signal of sub-DC/DC converter, the input voltage sampled signal V of this signal and sub-DC/DC converter after the MPPT adjusting
IfThrough obtaining both error signals, this error signal and triangular carrier signal v after the voltage-regulation
StFriendship intercepts the drive signal G of this sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe
S1, control this sub-DC/DC converter energy imported dc bus;
B. when DC power supply was direct voltage source, the control procedure of sub-DC/DC converter was as follows:
The given signal P of input power
RefDivided by input supply voltage sampled signal V
iObtain the given signal of input current, this signal and input current feedback signal I
pThrough obtaining both error signals, this error signal and triangular carrier signal v after the voltage-regulation
StFriendship intercepts the drive signal G of this sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe
S1, control this sub-DC/DC converter energy imported dc bus;
(2) control procedure of sub-DC/AC converter:
The given signal V of DC bus-bar voltage
RefAfter carrying out voltage-regulation with DC bus-bar voltage feedback signal BUS, amplitude limit is carried out in the output of voltage regulator, to limit the fully loaded power output of this sub-DC/AC converter;
When the voltage regulator forward is saturated, this sub-DC/AC converter output full-load power;
When the voltage regulator negative sense was saturated, this sub-DC/AC converter power output was zero;
Signal times behind the amplitude limit with electric network voltage phase signal PLL after with grid-connected current feedback signal I
fCarry out Current Regulation, output signal after the Current Regulation and triangular carrier signal v
StModulate, obtain the drive signal G of four switching tubes of this sub-DC/AC converter
1, G
2, G
3, G
4
When the output of voltage regulator when blocking the threshold values signal DRV that drives, the switching tube that blocks this sub-DC/AC converter drives;
When the output of voltage regulator when blocking the threshold values signal DRV that drives, the switching tube of opening this sub-DC/AC converter drives.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) owing to has only a sub-DC/AC converter to be in the undercapacity operating state in the system, therefore the DC/AC power conversion efficiency is in maximum rating all the time, improved whole system operation efficient, the low problem of conversion efficiency when having avoided adopting centralized inversion or module current-sharing to export the underloading that is caused;
2) owing to adopt the distributed DC power supply, reduce influencing each other between each sub-DC power supply, improved the efficient of maximal power tracing;
3) owing in the system between each sub-DC/DC converter, do not have the control signal interconnection line between each sub-DC/AC converter, reduced the complexity of system, shorten preventive maintenance time, strengthened the flexibility of using;
The present invention especially has very high use value to parallel network power generation, all can obtain maximum conversion efficiency at any state, farthest utilizes solar energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiments of the invention structural representations, number in the figure: the 1-DC power supply; The 2-DC/DC converter; The 3-DC/AC converter.
Fig. 2 is the sub-DC/DC converter control circuit figure of the present invention when being input as the renewable energy source current.
Fig. 3 is the sub-DC/DC converter control circuit figure of the present invention when being input as direct voltage source.
Fig. 4 is the control circuit figure of neutron DC/AC converter of the present invention.
Among Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4: V
PVOutput voltage for the renewable energy source current; I
PVOutput current for the renewable energy source current; V
IfInput voltage sampled signal for sub-DC/DC converter; P
RefBe the given signal of input power; V
iBe the input supply voltage sampled signal; I
pBe the input current feedback signal; v
StBe the triangular carrier signal; G
S1Drive signal for sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe; V
RefBe the given signal of DC bus-bar voltage; BUS is the DC bus-bar voltage feedback signal; PLL is the electric network voltage phase signal; I
fBe the grid-connected current feedback signal; DRV is for blocking the threshold values signal that drives; G
1, G
2, G
3, G
4Be respectively the drive signal of four switching tubes in the sub-DC/AC converter.
Fig. 5 is the circuit system schematic diagram of the present invention embodiment when being input as direct voltage source, among the figure: V
I1, V
I2, V
I3, V
I4Be respectively the voltage sampling signal of 1 to 4 work song direct voltage source; I
P1, I
P2, I
P3, I
P4Be respectively the input current feedback signal of 1 to 4 work song DC/DC converter; v
GS1, v
GS2, v
GS3, v
GS4Be respectively the drive signal of 1 to 4 work song DC/DC converter switches pipe; BUS1, BUS2, BUS3, BUS4 are respectively the busbar voltage feedback signal of 1 to 4 work song DC/AC converter; q
1～q
4, q
5～q
8, q
9～q
12, q
13～q
16Be respectively the drive signal of 1 to 4 work song DC/AC converter switches pipe; i
F1, i
F2, i
F3, i
F4Be respectively the grid-connected current feedback signal of 1 to 4 work song DC/AC converter; Grid is an AC network.
Embodiment
The system configuration of the embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise DC power supply 1, DC/DC converter 2 and DC/AC converter 3, wherein: the photovoltaic array that DC power supply 1 adopts in the renewable energy source current, comprise n sub-photovoltaic array altogether, DC/DC converter 2 comprises n sub-DC/DC converter, DC/AC converter 3 comprises n sub-DC/AC converter, n is the natural number greater than 1, between each sub-DC/DC converter, all there is not the control signal interconnection line between the sub-DC/AC converter, the output of each sub-photovoltaic array all is connected in series and is connected into common DC bus after a sub-DC/DC converter is formed generator unit, the input of each sub-DC/AC converter all inserts common DC bus, and the output of each sub-DC/AC converter all is connected into the electrical network bus.
When DC power supply was photovoltaic array, each sub-DC/DC converter carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking to the sub-photovoltaic array that links to each other, and respectively the energy of each sub-photovoltaic array is sent into dc bus with maximum power.Each sub-DC/AC converter carries out voltage-regulation to the given and feedback signal of DC bus-bar voltage, amplitude limit is carried out in output to voltage regulator, thereby define the maximum power that this sub-DC/AC converter can be exported, the output of this voltage regulator is compared with the threshold values signal that blocks driving, determines the unlatching and the blockade of this sub-DC/AC converter switches pipe drive signal.The phase signal that line voltage is multiply by in the output of voltage regulator is given as grid-connected current, thereby the energy on the dc bus is sent into electrical network with unity power factor, simultaneously the voltage of stable DC bus.Owing to the difference of analogue device discreteness, cause the DC bus-bar voltage feedback factor difference of each sub-DC/AC converter.If M sub-DC/DC converter and sub-DC/AC converter are respectively arranged, the maximum power of each sub-DC/DC converter and sub-DC/AC converter all is P
1, because the discreteness of analogue device, the feedback factor of the DC bus-bar voltage of each sub-DC/AC converter is K
1＞K
2＞...＞K
N＞K
N+1＞...＞K
MSuppose that the maximum gross power that this moment, photovoltaic array can be exported is P
T, in order to keep the stable of busbar voltage, the gross power of DC/AC converter output should be identical with the gross power of photovoltaic array output, and the gross power of DC/AC converter output is N*P
1+ P
2=P
T, P wherein
2＜P
1, P
1For the individual sub-DC/AC converter of the N of busbar voltage feedback factor maximum is in the power output that is fully loaded with operating state, P when its voltage regulator forward is saturated
2It is the power output that N+1 sub-DC/AC converter is operated in the undercapacity state; The voltage regulator of M-N-1 the sub-DC/AC converter that the busbar voltage feedback factor is less is output as zero, is in automatic closed condition.The size of busbar voltage is by the sub-DC/AC converter decision of the busbar voltage feedback factor minimum in running order.
Be the sub-DC/DC converter control circuit figure of the present invention when being input as the renewable energy source current as shown in Figure 2.The output voltage V of renewable energy source current
PVWith output current I
PVThrough obtaining the input voltage feedback signal of sub-DC/DC converter, the sampled signal V of this signal and sub-DC/DC converter after the MPPT adjusting
IfThrough obtaining both error signals, this error signal and triangular carrier signal v after the voltage-regulation
StFriendship intercepts the drive signal G of this sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe
S1, control this sub-DC/DC converter and energy imported dc bus with maximum power.
Be the sub-DC/DC converter control circuit figure of the present invention when being input as direct voltage source as shown in Figure 3.The given signal P of input power
RefDivided by input supply voltage sampled signal V
iObtain the given signal of input current, this signal and input current feedback signal I
pAfter regulating, overvoltage PI obtains both error signals, this error signal and triangular carrier signal v
StFriendship intercepts the drive signal G of this sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe
S1, control this sub-DC/DC converter energy imported dc bus.
Be the control circuit figure of neutron DC/AC converter of the present invention as shown in Figure 4.The given signal V of DC bus-bar voltage
RefCarry out amplitude limit being carried out in the output of pi regulator, to limit the fully loaded power output of this sub-DC/AC converter after voltage PI regulates with DC bus-bar voltage feedback signal BUS.When the pi regulator forward is saturated, this sub-DC/AC converter output full-load power; When the pi regulator negative sense was saturated, this sub-DC/AC converter power output was zero; Signal times behind the amplitude limit with electric network voltage phase signal PLL after with grid-connected current feedback signal I
fCarry out electric current P and regulate output signal after the Current Regulation and triangular carrier signal v
StCarry out the modulation of unipolarity frequency multiplication, obtain the drive signal G of four switching tubes of this sub-DC/AC converter
1, G
2, G
3, G
4When the output of pi regulator when blocking the threshold values signal DRV that drives, the switching tube that blocks this sub-DC/AC converter drives; When the output of pi regulator when blocking the threshold values signal DRV that drives, the switching tube of opening this sub-DC/AC converter drives.
Fig. 5 is the circuit system schematic diagram of the present invention embodiment when being input as direct voltage source.This grid-connected system is made up of four sub-dc voltage power supplies, four sub-DC/DC converters, four sub-DC/AC converters and electrical network.The input of each sub-DC/DC converter links to each other with power supply, output links to each other with dc bus, no control signal interconnection line between each sub-DC/DC converter, the control circuit of each the sub-DC/DC converter all control circuit with shown in Figure 3 is identical, the parameter of each sub-DC/DC converter control circuit is identical, is sent into the size of dc bus energy by the given signal deciding of input power; The input of each sub-DC/AC converter links to each other with dc bus, is connected into electrical network after output connects isolating transformer, no control signal interconnection line between each sub-DC/AC converter, and the control circuit of each the sub-DC/AC converter all control circuit with shown in Figure 4 is identical.The maximum power of each sub-DC/AC converter all is 1000W, the discreteness of considering analogue device is incomplete same, the busbar voltage feedback factor of 1 to 4 work song DC/AC converter is respectively 0.0102,0.0101,0.01,0.0099, all the other Control Parameter are identical, busbar voltage is given as 4V, makes busbar voltage be stabilized in 400V.When the given gross power of DC/DC converter during less than 1000W, 1 work song DC/AC converter is because busbar voltage feedback factor maximum is started working at first, and the voltage regulator negative sense of remaining sub-DC/AC converter is saturated, and switching tube drives and is blocked; When the given gross power of DC/DC converter greater than 1000W during less than 2000W, 1 work song DC/AC converter is because busbar voltage feedback factor maximum, voltage regulator forward at first is saturated, with the fully loaded work of maximum power 1000W, the busbar voltage feedback factor of 2 work song DC/AC converters is greater than No. 3 and No. 4, the voltage regulator of 2 work song DC/AC converters is by the saturated operate as normal that becomes of negative sense, switching tube drives and is unlocked, still negative sense is saturated for the voltage regulator of No. 3 and No. 4, and switching tube drives and still is blocked; When the given gross power of DC/DC converter greater than 2000W during less than 3000W, the voltage regulator forward of busbar voltage feedback factor bigger No. 1 and 2 work song DC/AC converters is saturated, No. 3 voltage regulator operate as normal, No. 4 voltage regulator negative sense is saturated, therefore No. 1 and the fully loaded work of 2 work song DC/AC converters, No. 3 undercapacity work is closed for No. 4 automatically.In like manner, when the given gross power of DC/DC converter greater than 3000W during less than 4000W, No. 1 to the fully loaded work of 3 work song DC/AC converters, No. 4 undercapacity work, therefore the busbar voltage size finally is stabilized in 396V at this system's median generatrix voltage by the sub-DC/AC converter decision of in running order busbar voltage feedback factor minimum.When the given gross power of DC/DC converter during greater than 4000W, owing to all reached maximum power to 4 work song DC/AC converters No. 1, therefore busbar voltage will constantly raise, and the prerequisite of this distributed grid-connected system operate as normal is that the gross power of DC/AC converter should be more than or equal to the input gross power of DC/DC converter.When the given gross power of DC/DC converter constantly became big, the boot sequence of sub-DC/AC converter was No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 successively; When the given gross power of DC/DC converter constantly reduced, the shutoff of sub-DC/AC converter order was No. 4, No. 3, No. 2, No. 1 successively.If exist the busbar voltage feedback factor of two sub-DC/AC converters identical, then these two sub-DC/AC converters start simultaneously and turn-off, but because the discreteness of analogue device, this situation generally can not occur.
Claims (4)
1. distributed modular grid-connected power generation system, comprise DC power supply (1), DC/DC converter (2) and DC/AC converter (3), it is characterized in that: described DC power supply (1) comprises n sub-DC power supply, described DC/DC converter (2) comprises n sub-DC/DC converter, described DC/AC converter (3) comprises n sub-DC/AC converter, n is the natural number greater than 1, the output of each sub-DC power supply is connected into dc bus after all being connected in series a sub-DC/DC converter, the input of each sub-DC/AC converter all inserts dc bus, and the output of each sub-DC/AC converter all is connected into the electrical network bus.
2. distributed modular grid-connected power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described DC power supply (1) is direct voltage source or renewable energy source current.
3. distributed modular grid-connected power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: no control signal interconnection line between described n the sub-DC/DC converter, do not have the control signal interconnection line between described n the sub-DC/AC converter yet.
4. control method based on the described distributed modular grid-connected power generation system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control procedure of all sub-DC/DC converters is identical, and the control procedure of all sub-DC/AC converters is identical, and particular content is as follows:
(1) control procedure of sub-DC/DC converter is divided following two kinds of situations:
A. when DC power supply (1) was the renewable energy source current, the control procedure of sub-DC/DC converter was as follows:
The output voltage V of renewable energy source current
PVWith output current I
PVThrough obtaining the input voltage feedback signal of sub-DC/DC converter, the input voltage sampled signal V of this signal and sub-DC/DC converter after the MPPT adjusting
IfThrough obtaining both error signals, this error signal and triangular carrier signal v after the voltage-regulation
StFriendship intercepts the drive signal G of this sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe
S1, control this sub-DC/DC converter energy imported dc bus;
B. when DC power supply (1) was direct voltage source, the control procedure of sub-DC/DC converter was as follows:
The given signal P of input power
RefDivided by input supply voltage sampled signal V
iObtain the given signal of input current, this signal and input current feedback signal I
pThrough obtaining both error signals, this error signal and triangular carrier signal v after the voltage-regulation
StFriendship intercepts the drive signal G of this sub-DC/DC converter switches pipe
S1, control this sub-DC/DC converter energy imported dc bus;
(2) control procedure of sub-DC/AC converter:
The given signal V of DC bus-bar voltage
RefAfter carrying out voltage-regulation with DC bus-bar voltage feedback signal BUS, amplitude limit is carried out in the output of voltage regulator, to limit the fully loaded power output of this sub-DC/AC converter;
When the voltage regulator forward is saturated, this sub-DC/AC converter output full-load power;
When the voltage regulator negative sense was saturated, this sub-DC/AC converter power output was zero;
Signal times behind the amplitude limit with electric network voltage phase signal PLL after with grid-connected current feedback signal I
fCarry out Current Regulation, output signal after the Current Regulation and triangular carrier signal v
StModulate, obtain the drive signal G of four switching tubes of this sub-DC/AC converter
1, G
2, G
3, G
4
When the output of voltage regulator when blocking the threshold values signal DRV that drives, the switching tube that blocks this sub-DC/AC converter drives;
When the output of voltage regulator when blocking the threshold values signal DRV that drives, the switching tube of opening this sub-DC/AC converter drives.
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