CN101701295B - Process for smelting tin-lead alloy by tin enriched slag reduction and reduction-smelting reflecting furnace - Google Patents
Process for smelting tin-lead alloy by tin enriched slag reduction and reduction-smelting reflecting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN101701295B CN101701295B CN2009102270663A CN200910227066A CN101701295B CN 101701295 B CN101701295 B CN 101701295B CN 2009102270663 A CN2009102270663 A CN 2009102270663A CN 200910227066 A CN200910227066 A CN 200910227066A CN 101701295 B CN101701295 B CN 101701295B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for smelting tin-lead alloy by tin enriched slag reduction and a reduction-smelting reflecting furnace, which belong to the technical field of smelting of tin-lead alloy. The process adopts discontinuous type smelting operation, is carried out by furnaces and comprises the operation processes of furnace baking, mixing, charging, reduction smelting and tin-lead alloy placing and slag discharging. The fuel of the reduction-smelting reflecting furnace is changed into bituminous coal from diesel oil, and an air pipe of the reduction-smelting reflecting furnace, which is connected between a blower and a furnace body, form an air preheating return stroke around the outer wall of a flue; a combustion chamber is added to a furnace body, and an inverted arch furnace bottom, a furnace wall and a furnace top above a furnace bottom packing layer in a hearth are rebuilt; a brick body of the slag line part is changed into a chrome-magnesite brick from a high-aluminum brick, the depth of a smelting pool is reduced to 280-460mm from 510mm, and the clearance height of the hearth is lowered to 600-1,000mm from 1,040mm. The invention smelts the tin enriched slag by the reduction-smelting reflecting furnace and obviously reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hardhead retailoring tinsel technology, belong to the tinsel technical field of smelting.The invention still further relates to the retailoring reverberatory furnace of smelting tin lead alloy.
Background technology
In lead and zinc concentrate except containing lead, zinc, also contain tin, antimony, copper, tin, these metals of non-ferrous metals such as gold and silver can be considered from the utilization of resources and the performance of enterprises along with smelting process enrichment in smelted furnace cinder, are necessary associated metal is comprehensively reclaimed.When adopting thermal process to refine plumbous zinc, in handling, the refining of lead bullion often has except that process of tin, and the scruff of refining of lead bullion detin time institute output is the alleged hardhead of the present invention, except containing higher lead, also contains higher tin in the hardhead.Because the slicker solder symbiotic relationship is close, the further slicker solder of refining separates and is difficult to thoroughly, and the operation of operation is many, the production cost height.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention promptly is at prior art big to the hardhead separating difficulty, and a kind of hardhead retailoring tinsel technology is provided, and with comprehensive recovery tin lead, the rate of recovery of tin lead is all reached more than 98.5%.In order to reduce production costs better, the present invention also provides a kind of retailoring reverberatory furnace of realizing above-mentioned technology.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of hardhead retailoring tinsel technology, is to adopt the discontinuous smelting operation, divides heat to carry out; Comprising baker, batching, reinforced, retailoring with put tinsel slagging operating procedure, specifically adopt following steps:
1. baker:
Baker will be in strict accordance with the little fire of elder generation, back big fire, and slowly the mode of heating is toasted body of heater, when furnace temperature raises, adjust pull bar, makes the reinforcing bar cover elasticity of the surperficial fixedly refractory materials of body of heater suitable; Toast after 6～10 hours, the furnace temperature of progressively lowering the temperature is cooled to normal temperature; At this moment, also to adjust pull bar, make the reinforcing bar cover elasticity of the surperficial fixedly refractory materials of body of heater suitable;
2. prepare burden:
Melting operation is by the tin content in institute's melting hardhead, the different batching that is divided into high scruff, middle scruff and low scruff; The material of melting is a hardhead, and used reductive agent is a hard coal, and flux is soda ash; Described high scruff is by (weight ratio) material: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 12～16: 6～10; Scruff is by (weight ratio) material in described: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 12～16: 6～12; Described low scruff is by (weight ratio) material: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 8～10: 8～12;
3. reinforced:
After a last furnace charge has been put, just begin to feed in raw material; To keep the stove internal gas pressure to be " zero " or little bearing when reinforced; Reinforced add at twice, the material that adds is into 2/3 of stove charging weight for the first time, adds 1/3 remaining furnace charge during 1/3 left and right sides of melting total furnace charge;
4. retailoring:
The used fuel of retailoring adopts clean fine coal, promptly common bituminous coal; Burner man's operation is carried out in retailoring, keeps the interior temperature of stove 1150～1250 ℃ of scopes; After furnace charge fusing 2/3, stockpile is carried out pusher, when furnace charge is fused into melt cinder fully, and the no tangible bubble in melt cinder surface, expression retailoring finishes, and the brennschluss material closes fiery;
5. put tinsel slagging operation:
After retailoring finishes, adopt the disposable tinsel of putting earlier, back slagging; When opening is put tinsel and slagging, allow tinsel and slag separate splendid attire.
Further, 3. above-mentioned steps after a last furnace charge has been put, just begins to feed in raw material; To keep the stove internal gas pressure to be " zero " or little bearing when reinforced; Reinforced add at twice, the material that adds is into 2/3 of stove charging weight for the first time, and all are gone into the stove furnace charge and substitute with disposable input to add 1/3 remaining furnace charge during 1/3 left and right sides of melting total furnace charge.
The high scruff of above-mentioned steps in 2. is meant in the composition and contains: Sn40～60%, and Pb15～25%, Sb2～4%, As2～4%, Bi 0.1～0.5%, Fe trace, Cu trace; The middle scruff of step in 2. is meant in the composition and contains: Sn30～40%, Pb25～35%, Sb3～5%, As2～4%, Bi0.1～0.5%, Fe trace, Cu trace; The low scruff of step in 2. is meant in the composition and contains: Sn20～30%, Pb35～45%, Sb3～7%, As2～4%Bi0.1～0.5%, Fe trace, Cu trace;
Furnace charge is taken off, stirred to the pusher of above-mentioned steps in 4. with drill rod exactly; Its effect is in order to strengthen the heat transfer of solid, liquid furnace charge, to promote carrying out fast of reduction and slag making.
5. when opening was put tinsel and slagging, allow alloy and slag separate splendid attire was in order to guarantee alloy mass and to reduce slag stanniferous, leaded to above-mentioned steps.
In order to realize above-mentioned hardhead retailoring tinsel technology better, the present invention transform common reverberatory furnace as the retailoring reverberatory furnace; The employed fuel of common reverberatory furnace is diesel oil, and in order to reduce production costs, fuel changes bituminous coal into by diesel oil, the airduct that the retailoring reverberatory furnace is connected between gas blower and body of heater, and pile warp flue outer wall forms the preheating of air backhaul; The body of heater body of heater has increased the combustion chamber, and burner hearth all needs to have carried out building by laying bricks or stones again from the antiarch furnace bottom more than the furnace bottom packing layer, furnace wall, furnace roof; The brick body of slag line part changes magnesite chrome brick into by high alumina brick, and pool depth is reduced to 280～460mm by 510mm, and the burner hearth overhead clearance is reduced to 600～1000mm by 1040mm.
Retailoring reverberatory furnace of the present invention, primary structure comprises body of heater, gas blower and flue, the reinforcing bar cover has been protected on the surface of fire resisting material of furnace body, and enclose solid with pull bar, protect body of heater by the adjusting yoke degree of tightness, the airduct that between gas blower and body of heater, is connected, pile warp flue outer wall forms the preheating of air backhaul; Body of heater is made up of combustion chamber, burner hearth, furnace bottom molten bath, furnace wall and furnace roof; The burner hearth overhead clearance is 600～1000mm; The burner hearth below is the furnace bottom molten bath, and the furnace bottom pool depth is 280～460mm; Between combustion chamber in the furnace wall and the burner hearth low firebreak is arranged; The furnace bottom molten bath is to be built by laying bricks or stones and constituted by furnace shell, high aluminium brick layer, packing layer, antiarch bottom brick layer; Whole furnace bottom molten bath is supported on the furnace foundation of casting with concrete and piece stone; The furnace shell thick welded steel plate of 20mm; The thick thick asbestos plate of 10mm that is is arranged in the furnace shell and between the high aluminium brick layer; Packing layer is positioned at the inboard of high aluminium brick layer, and tamping becomes antiarch shape, and the antiarch gradient 8% is built antiarch bottom brick layer by laying bricks or stones on it; Described furnace wall is opened a slag notch of discharging tinsel at stove one side wall by stove tail place, and this mouthful position is at the nadir in furnace bottom molten bath; Another side wall of stove is offered two service gates, and stove tail furnace wall is offered an exhanst gas outlet, is connected with flue; Described furnace roof is built by laying bricks or stones by high alumina brick; A charging opening is arranged on the furnace roof, and the position of charging opening is in the central position of roof of the furnace total length, and by 1/3 place, limit, combustion chamber; The arch shape of the furnace roof on low firebreak is to be toward both sides to press down shape, to the position of burner hearth, and the furnace roof level, to stove tail position, furnace roof tilts to press down to the stove tail.
The present invention adopts retailoring reverberatory smelting hardhead, the furnace binding high insulating effect of retailoring reverberatory furnace, and the heat utilization efficiency height, with onesize retailoring reverberatory furnace ratio, coal consumption amount is lower; Fuel of the present invention changes bituminous coal into by diesel oil, has reduced cost;
Through actually operating, the composition of tinsel of the present invention and slag is as follows:
The technology of the present invention economic target is as follows:
Siege ability: 1.2～1.6t/m
2.d;
The rate of recovery: the tin rate of recovery:＞98.5%; Lead recovery:＞98.5%;
Direct yield: the direct yield of tin+lead: 82～88%;
Slag rate: 25%～35%;
Coal consumption rate: 42～48%;
Alkaline residue stanniferous: 3～10%;
Alkaline residue is leaded: 0.4～1.4%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is technological process of production figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a retailoring reverberatory furnace structure front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a retailoring reverberatory furnace structure right view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a retailoring reverberatory furnace structure vertical view of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawing: 1 burner hearth; 2 furnace bottom molten baths; 3 furnace walls; 4 furnace roofs; 5 combustion chambers; 6 low firebreaks; 7 furnace shells; 8 high aluminium brick layers; 9 packing layers; 10 antiarch bottom brick layers; 11 asbestos plates; 12 slag notch; 13 service gates; 14 service gates; 15 exhanst gas outlets; 16 charging openings.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of hardhead retailoring tinsel technology is to adopt the discontinuous smelting operation, divides heat to carry out; Comprising baker, batching, reinforced, retailoring with put tinsel slagging operating procedure, shown in accompanying drawing 1, specifically adopt following steps:
1. baker
Baker will be in strict accordance with the little fire of elder generation, back big fire, and slowly the mode of heating is toasted body of heater, when furnace temperature raises, adjust pull bar, makes the reinforcing bar cover elasticity of the surperficial fixedly refractory materials of body of heater suitable; Toast after 6～10 hours, the furnace temperature of progressively lowering the temperature is cooled to normal temperature; At this moment, also to adjust pull bar, make the reinforcing bar cover elasticity of the surperficial fixedly refractory materials of body of heater suitable;
2. prepare burden
Melting operation is by the tin content in institute's melting hardhead, the different batching that is divided into high scruff, middle scruff and low scruff; The material of melting is a hardhead, and used reductive agent is a hard coal, and flux is soda ash; Described high scruff is by (weight ratio) material: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 12～16: 6～10; Scruff is by (weight ratio) material in described: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 12～16: 6～12; Described low scruff is by (weight ratio) material: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 8～10: 8～12;
3. reinforced
After a last furnace charge has been put, just can begin to feed in raw material; To keep the stove internal gas pressure to be " zero " or little bearing when reinforced; Feeding in raw material adds at twice, and the material that adds is into 2/3 of charging weight for the first time, and furnace charge adds 1/3 remaining furnace charge when melting 1/3 left and right sides;
4. retailoring
The used fuel of retailoring adopts clean fine coal, promptly common bituminous coal; Burner man's operation is carried out in retailoring, keeps the interior temperature of stove 1150～1250 ℃ of scopes; After furnace charge fusing 2/3, stockpile is carried out pusher, when furnace charge is fused into melt cinder fully, and the no tangible bubble in melt cinder surface, expression retailoring finishes, and the brennschluss material closes fiery;
5. put tinsel slagging operation
After retailoring finishes, adopt the disposable tinsel of putting earlier, back slagging; When opening is put tinsel and slagging, allow tinsel and slag separate splendid attire.
A kind of retailoring reverberatory furnace of described hardhead retailoring tinsel technology, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, primary structure comprises body of heater, gas blower and flue, the reinforcing bar cover has been protected on the surface of fire resisting material of furnace body, and encloses admittedly with pull bar, protects body of heater by the adjusting yoke degree of tightness, the airduct that between gas blower and body of heater, is connected, pile warp flue outer wall forms the preheating of air backhaul; Body of heater is made up of combustion chamber, burner hearth 1, furnace bottom molten bath 2, furnace wall 3 and furnace roof 4; The burner hearth overhead clearance is 600～1000mm; Burner hearth 1 below is furnace bottom molten bath 2, and the furnace bottom pool depth is 280～460mm; Between combustion chamber 5 in the furnace wall and the burner hearth 1 low firebreak 6 is arranged; Furnace bottom molten bath 2 is to be built by laying bricks or stones and constituted by furnace shell 7, high aluminium brick layer 8, packing layer 9, antiarch bottom brick layer 10; Whole furnace bottom molten bath 2 is supported on the furnace foundation of casting with concrete and piece stone; The thick welded steel plate of furnace shell 7 usefulness 20mm; The thick thick asbestos plate 11 of 10mm that is is arranged in the furnace shell 7 and between the high aluminium brick layer 8; Packing layer 9 is positioned at the inboard of high aluminium brick layer 8, and tamping becomes antiarch shape, and the antiarch gradient 8% is built antiarch bottom brick layer 10 by laying bricks or stones on it; Described furnace wall 3 is opened a slag notch 12 of discharging tinsel at stove one side wall by stove tail place, and this mouthful position is at the nadir in furnace bottom molten bath 2; Another side wall of stove is offered service gate 13 and service gate 14, and the afterbody furnace wall is offered an exhanst gas outlet 15, is connected with flue; Described furnace roof 4 is built by high alumina brick is brick; A charging opening 16 is arranged on the furnace roof 4, and the position of charging opening 16 is in the central position of burner hearth 1 by 5 limits 1/3, combustion chamber; The arch shape of the furnace roof on low firebreak 6 is to be toward both sides to press down shape, to the position of burner hearth 1, furnace roof level; To stove tail position, furnace roof tilts to press down to the stove tail.
Claims (3)
1. hardhead retailoring tinsel technology is characterized in that: specifically adopt following steps:
1. baker:
Baker will be in strict accordance with the little fire of elder generation, back big fire, and slowly the mode of heating is toasted body of heater, when furnace temperature raises, adjust pull bar, makes the reinforcing bar cover elasticity of the surperficial fixedly refractory materials of body of heater suitable; Toast after 6～10 hours, the furnace temperature of progressively lowering the temperature is cooled to normal temperature; At this moment, also to adjust pull bar, make the reinforcing bar cover elasticity of the surperficial fixedly refractory materials of body of heater suitable;
2. prepare burden:
Melting operation is by the tin content in institute's melting hardhead, the different batching that is divided into high scruff, middle scruff and low scruff; The material of melting is a hardhead, and used reductive agent is a hard coal, and flux is soda ash; Described high scruff is by (weight ratio) material: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 12～16: 6～10; Scruff is by (weight ratio) material in described: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 12～16: 6～12; Described low scruff is by (weight ratio) material: reductive agent: prepare burden in flux=100: 8～10: 8～12;
3. reinforced:
After a last furnace charge has been put, just begin to feed in raw material; To keep the stove internal gas pressure to be " zero " or little bearing when reinforced; Reinforced add at twice, the material that adds is into 2/3 of charging weight for the first time, adds 1/3 remaining furnace charge during 1/3 left and right sides of melting total furnace charge;
4. retailoring:
The used fuel of retailoring adopts clean fine coal, promptly common bituminous coal; Burner man's operation is carried out in retailoring, keeps the interior temperature of stove 1150～1250 ℃ of scopes; After furnace charge fusing 2/3, stockpile is carried out pusher, when furnace charge is fused into melt cinder fully, and the no tangible bubble in melt cinder surface, expression retailoring finishes, and the brennschluss material closes fiery;
5. put tinsel slagging operation:
After retailoring finishes, adopt the disposable tinsel of putting earlier, back slagging; When opening is put tinsel and slagging, allow tinsel and slag separate splendid attire;
The high scruff of described step in 2. is meant in the composition and contains: Sn40～60%, and Pb15～25%, Sb2～4%, As2～4%, Bi 0.1～0.5%, Fe trace, Cu trace; The middle scruff of described step in 2. is meant in the composition and contains: Sn30～40%, Pb25～35%, Sb3～5%, As2～4%, Bi0.1～0.5%, Fe trace, Cu trace; The low scruff of described step in 2. is meant in the composition and contains: Sn20～30%, Pb35～45%, Sb3～7%, As2～4%, Bi0.1～0.5%, Fe trace, Cu trace; Furnace charge is taken off, stirred to the pusher of described step in 4. with drill rod exactly.
2. according to the described hardhead retailoring of claim 1 tinsel technology, it is characterized in that: described step 3. in, feed in raw material and add at twice, for the first time the material that adds is into 2/3 of charging weight, and all are gone into the stove furnace charge and substitute with disposable input to add 1/3 remaining furnace charge during 1/3 left and right sides of melting total furnace charge.
3. retailoring reverberatory furnace of realizing the described hardhead retailoring of claim 1 tinsel technology, primary structure comprises body of heater, gas blower and flue, the reinforcing bar cover has been protected on the surface of fire resisting material of furnace body, and enclose solid with pull bar, protect body of heater by the adjusting yoke degree of tightness, the airduct that between gas blower and body of heater, is connected, pile warp flue outer wall forms the preheating of air backhaul; It is characterized in that: body of heater is made up of combustion chamber, burner hearth (1), furnace bottom molten bath (2), furnace wall (3) and furnace roof (4); The burner hearth overhead clearance is 600～1000mm; Burner hearth (1) below is furnace bottom molten bath (2), and the furnace bottom pool depth is 280～460mm; Between combustion chamber (5) in the furnace wall and the burner hearth (1) low firebreak (6) is arranged; Furnace bottom molten bath (2) is to build formation by laying bricks or stones by furnace shell (7), high aluminium brick layer (8), packing layer (9), antiarch bottom brick layer (10); Whole furnace bottom molten bath (2) is supported on the furnace foundation of casting with concrete and piece stone; Furnace shell (7) the thick welded steel plate of 20mm; The thick thick asbestos plate (11) of 10mm that is is arranged in the furnace shell (7) and between the high aluminium brick layer (8); Packing layer (9) is positioned at the inboard of high aluminium brick layer (8), and tamping becomes antiarch shape, and the antiarch gradient 8% is built antiarch bottom brick layer (10) by laying bricks or stones on it; Described furnace wall (3) is opened a slag notch (12) of discharging tinsel at stove one side wall by stove tail place, and this mouthful position is at the nadir of furnace bottom molten bath (2); Another side wall of stove is offered two service gates (13,14), and stove tail furnace wall is offered an exhanst gas outlet (15), is connected with flue; Described furnace roof (4) is built by laying bricks or stones by high alumina brick; A charging opening (16) is arranged on the furnace roof (4), and the position of charging opening (16) is in the central position of burner hearth (1) top total length, and by 1/3 place, limit, combustion chamber (5); The arch shape of the furnace roof on low firebreak (6) is to be toward both sides to press down shape, to the position of burner hearth (1), furnace roof level; To stove tail position, furnace roof tilts to press down to the stove tail.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102270663A CN101701295B (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | Process for smelting tin-lead alloy by tin enriched slag reduction and reduction-smelting reflecting furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102270663A CN101701295B (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | Process for smelting tin-lead alloy by tin enriched slag reduction and reduction-smelting reflecting furnace |
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| CN101701295B true CN101701295B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102586619A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-18 | 昆明金水铜冶炼有限公司 | Slag copper comprehensive settling and separating furnace |
| CN102534217B (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 赵芸 | Tin dross reducing agent |
| CN103033033B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-12-17 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Vanadium product melting furnace |
| CN104195351A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽秋田电子有限公司 | Process for reducing solder splash in solder machine by peanut oil |
| CN104357650B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-06-15 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金昌冶炼厂 | A kind of bath smelting quickly makes molten bath method |
| CN104567347A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-29 | 广西泰星电子焊接材料有限公司 | Double-layer-circulation continuous reverberatory furnace |
| CN111500868B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-07-23 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for synchronously recovering lead, zinc and tin in multi-metal smoke dust |
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