CN101701224B - Fermented material for producing methane - Google Patents
Fermented material for producing methane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101701224B CN101701224B CN2009102271365A CN200910227136A CN101701224B CN 101701224 B CN101701224 B CN 101701224B CN 2009102271365 A CN2009102271365 A CN 2009102271365A CN 200910227136 A CN200910227136 A CN 200910227136A CN 101701224 B CN101701224 B CN 101701224B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fermented material for producing methane, which mainly comprises crop straws and water. C/N in the fermented material is 25-30:1, C/P in the fermented material is 160-170:1, and the mass ratio of the water to the crop straws is 10-25:1. The fermented material for producing methane has the advantages of wide sources of raw materials, wide range of application, high utilization ratio of resources, high speed of methane production, high yield of methane and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biofermentation method and prepare the technical field of biogas, relate in particular to a kind of compsn that is used for efficient production biogas.
Background technology
Along with rapid economy development, energy supply and demand contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the supply of traditional energy has been difficult to satisfy the demand of social development.Biogas has huge development potentiality as a kind of reproducible clean energy, and development biogas has become a civilian-oriented project of benefiting the nation and the people, and the newly-increased 3,000,000,000 yuan of special funds of China are used for rural methane facilities development.What past production and use of marsh gas exploitation mainly utilized is the waste of raising pigs, and along with the development of large-scale cultivation, the peasant who is not engaged in the breed of domestic animal pig is developed the biogas difficulty.Nowadays, all kinds of agriculture waste produce biogas technologies reach its maturity, for resource circulation utilization provides more wide space.China is a traditional agricultural big country, and annual agricultural crop straw output is (open unmatched, Liu Shiqing, Zhou Bin etc.: " China's rural area organic waste resource and biogas potentiality ", " natural resources ", 1997 [1]) more than 600,000,000 tons.There is a large amount of straw resources in the rural area, south, double cropping of rice area especially, because of season nervous straw burned and disorderly abandoned; Not only cause the wasting of resources, and bring hidden danger (Li Jiuhai, Dong Yuanhua to environmental pollution; Cao Zhihong: " the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons discharge characteristics research that rice straw burning produces "; " China Environmental Science ", 2008,28 [1]; Xia Dongqian, Wu Guocheng, Liu Zhen: " straw burns the influence to atmosphere quality ", " drought environment monitoring ", 2005,19 [2]).Agricultural crop straw is a kind of organic biomass energy (Ralph P Overend: " Biomass; bio-energy and biotechnology:a futuristic perspective " that is rich in; " Biomass Energy New York and Landon.Development plenum press "; 1985), along with straw produces reaching its maturity of biogas technology, the farm crop straw resource that reserves are huge provides competent raw material for producing biogas.
At present, utilize anaerobically fermenting that straw is changed into biogas energy and formed the corresponding techniques system, aerogenesis is slow, the straw utilising efficiency is low, the natural pond slag is handled problems such as difficulty but exist always.Therefore, research forms the technical parameter adjustment and control system of a cover straw highly effective methane-producing, helps improving the utilising efficiency and protection rural ecological environment of straw resource, to the development circular agriculture, promote economic development significant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is the deficiency that overcomes prior art, and the fermentation materials that is used for producing methane that a kind of raw material sources are extensive, applied widely, resource utilization is high, methane gas producing speed is fast, biogas output is big is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of fermentation materials that is used for producing methane; Mainly be made up of agricultural crop straw (comprising forage, straw, straw, stalk etc.) and water, it is characterized in that: the C/N optimum range of said fermentation materials is 25～30: 1 (best C/N is 28: 1); The C/P optimum range of said fermentation materials is 160～170: 1 (best C/P is 163: 1), and the mass ratio of said water and agricultural crop straw is 10～25: 1.
In the technique scheme; After said agricultural crop straw and water mixed, C wherein, N content possibly not satisfy the requirement of said C/N ratio, at this moment; Can preferably add certain amount of urea, water-soluble nitrate, ammonium salt or amidonitrogen in the said fermentation materials, to be used to regulate C/N ratio.When satisfying the C/N value for optimum 28: 1, the addition W of said urea, water-soluble nitrate, ammonium salt or amidonitrogen
1Calculation formula be (can be in the concrete practice, when the C/N value was got other values, formula (1) was done corresponding adjustment and got final product) shown in the following formula (1) in this theoretical value value in the certain limit up and down:
In the formula (1), W
2Be the quality of said agricultural crop straw, N
0Be the nitrogen percentage composition in the agricultural crop straw, C
0Be the carbon percentage composition in the agricultural crop straw, N
1Be the nitrogen percentage composition in said urea, water-soluble nitrate, ammonium salt or the amidonitrogen.
In the technique scheme; After said agricultural crop straw and water mix; C wherein, P content also possibly not satisfy the requirement of said C/P ratio, at this moment, can preferably add a certain amount of water-soluble phosphate in the said fermentation materials; To be used to regulate C/P ratio, said water-soluble phosphate preferably includes potassium primary phosphate.When satisfying the C/P value for optimum 163: 1, said phosphatic addition W
3Calculation formula as shown in the formula (can be in the concrete practice, when the C/P value was got other values, formula (2) was done corresponding adjustment and got final product) shown in (2) in this theoretical value value in the certain limit up and down:
In the formula (2), W
2Be the quality of said agricultural crop straw, P
0Be the phosphorus percentage composition in the agricultural crop straw, C
0Be the carbon percentage composition in the agricultural crop straw, P
1Be the phosphorus percentage composition in the said water-soluble phosphate.
Parameters in the technique scheme is through adopting draining water gathering of gas law through confirming out after the experiment repeatedly.A kind of simulation simplification device of this experiment is as shown in Figure 1; This simulation simplification device is to utilize narrow mouth reagent bottle (10L) as storage bottle; In narrow mouth reagent bottle, seal with soft rubber ball behind the fermentation materials of adding producing methane, import two Glass tubings in the soft rubber ball, the upper end of two Glass tubings all connects rubber hose; A Glass tubing is used to regulate pressure and gets gas, and another root Glass tubing imports in the airtight air collector of filling water (5L) through rubber hose; Place thermostat water bath under the constant temperature water bath condition, to react producing methane storage bottle, along with the biogas amount of collecting in the air collector is on the increase, the water in the air collector constantly is discharged in the water storage bottle, calculates the output of biogas through the volume of drainage water in the air collector.
Carry out the regulation and control experiment of C/N as fermentation materials with agricultural crop straw with a kind of straw, the C/N of this straw is 48.4: 1, and is cut into rectangular about 3cm.Design the processing mode (seeing the following form 1) of six different C/N values then, the available urea of the C/N value of fermentation materials is regulated.The each processing takes by weighing the straw that is equivalent to the 40.0g dry weight; Add water 5L; Add 100mL natural pond liquid inoculation biogas mikrobe simultaneously, be closed in then in 35 ℃ of thermostat water baths and carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, measure the water yield of being discharged every day on time; And the last maximum biogas output of the accumulative total that draws under the different C/N values of adding up, statistics is as shown in Figure 2.
Table 1: straw produces the processing mode of the C/N ratio test of biogas
| Numbering | Add N (g) | Folding urea (g) | C/ |
| N | |||
| 0 | 0 | ?0 | 48.4 |
| N 1 | 0.1 | ?0.22 | 36.9 |
| N 2 | 0.2 | ?0.43 | 29.9 |
| N 3 | 0.4 | ?0.87 | 21.6 |
| N 4 | 0.8 | ?1.74 | 13.9 |
| N 5 | 1.6 | ?3.47 | 8.1 |
Visible by Fig. 2, when the C/N value is 25～30: in the time of 1, methane gas producing dose-effect fruit better.Can obtain C/N value and the fit equation (see figure 2) that adds up maximum biogas output according to the para-curve of drawing among Fig. 2; Can calculate through this fit equation; When the C/N value is 28: 1; The maximum biogas output of the accumulative total of fermentation materials reaches peak value 186.7L/kg, and the utilization ratio of straw is the highest under this C/N value condition.
Straw with in the above-mentioned C/N regulation and control experiment carries out the regulation and control experiment of C/P as fermentation materials with agricultural crop straw, the processing mode (seeing the following form 2) of six different C/P values of design, and the C/P value phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen of fermentation materials is regulated.The each processing takes by weighing the straw that is equivalent to the 40.0g dry weight; Add water 5L; Add 100mL natural pond liquid inoculation biogas mikrobe simultaneously, be closed in then in 35 ℃ of thermostat water baths and carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, measure the water yield of being discharged every day on time; And the last maximum biogas output of the accumulative total that draws under the different C/P values of adding up, statistics is as shown in Figure 3.
Table 2: straw produces the processing mode of the C/P ratio test of biogas
| Numbering | Add P (g) | Folding KH 2PO 4(g) | C/ |
| P | |||
| 0 | 0 | ?0 | 278.5 |
| P 1 | 0.02 | ?0.087 | 205.2 |
| P 2 | 0.04 | ?0.173 | 162.5 |
| P 3 | 0.06 | ?0.260 | 134.4 |
| P 4 | 0.1 | ?0.433 | 100.0 |
| P 5 | 0.14 | ?0.607 | 79.6 |
Visible by Fig. 3, when the C/P value is 160～170: in the time of 1, methane gas producing dose-effect fruit better.Can obtain C/P value and the fit equation (see figure 3) that adds up maximum biogas output according to the para-curve of drawing among Fig. 3; Can calculate through this fit equation; When the C/P value is 163: 1; The maximum biogas output of the accumulative total of fermentation materials reaches peak value 138L/kg, and the utilization ratio of straw is the highest under this C/P value condition.
Above-mentioned straw is equally applicable to other agricultural crop straws as the ferment parameter regulation and control experimental result of producing methane of agricultural crop straw; Because according to our experiment and theoretical analysis; Although have certain difference as staples such as the C of other farming stalks such as forage, straw, stalk, N, P; Also can regulate and control to the desired parameter area of fermentation materials of the present invention through using urea, water-soluble nitrate, ammonium salt or amidonitrogen and phosphoric acid salt etc. in the technique scheme; Therefore the raw material sources of fermentation materials of the present invention are extensive, can be widely used in the rural methane facilities development in the different crops producing region.
Compared with prior art; The invention has the advantages that: through optimizing, regulate C/N ratio, C/P ratio and the ratio of water to material of the fermentation materials that is used for producing methane; Can effectively improve the quantity and the activity of organism of fermentation in the fermentation system; Thereby improve the gas production rate of fermentation materials, increase the cumulative gas of biogas, reach the purpose that improves fermentation materials utilization ratio and highly effective methane-producing.Methane-generating pit has all been built up in the family in current many rural areas, and along with the large-scale development of aquaculture, the single household peasant has abandoned raising pigs; The methane-generating pit of having set up face methane-generating pit by idle awkward situation, and fermentation materials of the present invention can directly be used for the preparation of existing biogas under the situation that does not have pig manure as fermentation materials; Highly versatile, wide adaptability, the resource utilization of agricultural crop straw is high; Operation is simple; Avoided the idle of the existing biogas facility in rural area, helped protecting the rural ecological environment and promote rural economic development, be expected in rural methane facilities development, widely popularize and use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 produces the simulation simplification device structural representation of biogas experiment for the present invention;
Fig. 2 produces C/N ratio and the correlation analysis figure that adds up maximum biogas output in the biogas experiment for straw of the present invention;
Fig. 3 produces C/P ratio and the correlation analysis figure that adds up maximum biogas output in the biogas experiment for straw of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the comparison diagram of biogas cumulative gas under two kinds of processing modes in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Preferred embodiment below in conjunction with concrete is further described the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Produce biogas experiment with a kind of fermentation materials of the present invention, test as shown in Figure 1ly with device, this fermentation materials mainly is made up of agricultural crop straw and water; Using C/N in the present embodiment is that 48.4: 1 straw uses as agricultural crop straw, takes by weighing the straw that is equivalent to the 40.0g dry weight during experiment, and this straw is cut into the rectangular storage bottle that places about 3cm; Add water 5L; And add urea the C/N value of fermentation materials is adjusted to 28: 1, add potassium primary phosphate again the C/P value of fermentation materials is adjusted to 163: 1, add 100mL natural pond liquid again and inoculate the biogas mikrobe; Then storage bottle is closed in 35 ℃ of thermostat water baths and carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; Along with the biogas amount of collecting in the air collector is on the increase, the water in the air collector constantly is discharged in the water storage bottle, the water yield of on time measuring in the air collector every day to be discharged; Calculate the output of biogas through the volume of drainage water in the air collector, statistics draws the maximum biogas output of accumulative total of present embodiment at last.Meanwhile, produce the biogas experiment to contrast with the above-mentioned straw of not regulating C/N value and C/P value as the agricultural crop straw in the fermentation materials, other experiment conditions are same as the previously described embodiments.
Biogas cumulative gas under two kinds of processing modes of present embodiment and Comparative Examples is as shown in Figure 4; Visible by Fig. 4; Biogas cumulative gas after the parameters optimization value is handled reaches 6946mL; Average daily gas speed reaches 138.9mL/d, has improved 41.4% than biogas cumulative gas 4913mL that handles under the normal condition and daily gas speed 98.3mL/d.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of the present invention is used for the fermentation materials of producing methane, mainly is made up of straw in the agricultural crop straw and water, and the product biogas facility that is used for present embodiment is current biogas pool for rural residents, and its volume is approximately 10m
3Use the concrete operations of fermentation materials of the present invention producing methane in methane-generating pit to be: at first in methane-generating pit, to drop into 400kg straw (the C content in the straw is about 24.2%, N content is about 0.5%, P content be about 0.06%); For the natural pond slag is discharged easily, can straw be pulverized or chopping, add 7t water then; Add about 3.2kg urea simultaneously the C/N value is adjusted to about 28: 1; Add about 1.55kg potassium primary phosphate the C/P value of fermentation materials is adjusted to 163: 1, sealing and fermenting began aerogenesis after three days, the about 1.0m of per day aerogenesis
3～1.4m
3, accumulative total is produced the biogas amount and can be reached 40m
3～56m
3Behind the aerogenesis 30 days, there is the methane-generating pit of straw charging and discharge device can be after 30 days to advance agricultural crop straw 100kg in per 10 days, suitably replenishes a certain amount of water, keep daily gas 1m
3More than, keep family family orthobiosis to use gas.Through measuring and calculating, the single of using the present embodiment fermentation materials gas production rate that feeds intake improves about 30% than the cumulative gas production of prior art.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of the present invention is used for the fermentation materials of producing methane, mainly is made up of straw in the agricultural crop straw and water, and the product biogas facility that is used for present embodiment is parallel big-and-middle-sized straw methane-generating pit, and this methane-generating pit is by 4 40m
3The monomer methane-generating pit be parallel to a gas-holder; Use the concrete operations of fermentation materials of the present invention producing methane in this methane-generating pit to be: at first in each methane-generating pit, to drop into 1500kg straw (the C content in the straw is about 24.2%, N content is about 0.5%, P content be about 0.06%); For the natural pond slag is discharged easily, can straw be pulverized or chopping, in each methane-generating pit, add 30t water then; Add about 11.9kg urea simultaneously the C/N value is adjusted to about 28: 1; Add about 5.8kg potassium primary phosphate the C/P value of fermentation materials is adjusted to 163: 1, sealing and fermenting began aerogenesis after three days, and the per day gas production rate of single methane-generating pit is about 4.8m
3, four methane-generating pit daily output tolerance can reach 19.2m
3, can supply 25 family family lives to use gas.Behind the aerogenesis 30 days, can adopt every at a distance from 10 days the methane-generating pit method of all reloading one by one, empty methane-generating pit semilate rice marsh slag, add straw again, because of the nitrogen in the liquid of natural pond, phosphorus loss can not regulated nitrogen phosphorus again.Through measuring and calculating, the single of using the present embodiment fermentation materials gas production rate that feeds intake improves 20%～30% than the cumulative gas production of prior art, and helps the lasting air feed of methane-generating pit.
Claims (3)
1. fermentation materials that is used for producing methane; Mainly form by agricultural crop straw and water; It is characterized in that: the C/N of said fermentation materials is 25～30: 1, and the C/P of said fermentation materials is 160～170: 1, and the mass ratio of said water and agricultural crop straw is 10～25: 1; Also contain the water-soluble nitrate, ammonium salt or the amidonitrogen that are useful on adjusting C/N ratio in the said fermentation materials, also contain the water-soluble phosphate that is useful on adjusting C/P ratio in the said fermentation materials.
2. the fermentation materials that is used for producing methane according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the C/N of said fermentation materials is 28: 1; The C/P of said fermentation materials is 163: 1.
3. the fermentation materials that is used for producing methane according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said water-soluble phosphate is a potassium primary phosphate.
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| CN2009102271365A CN101701224B (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2009-12-08 | Fermented material for producing methane |
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| CN103852399A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 深圳市龙澄高科技环保有限公司 | Method and device for determination of biomass material biogas generating potential |
| CN109174901A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-11 | 天峨县平昌生态农业有限公司 | A kind of processing method of organic waste |
| CN116090358B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-06-23 | 成都千嘉科技股份有限公司 | Method for production, storage and supply linkage optimization of semi-continuous biogas station |
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Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| A. Wilkie et al.Enhancement of Anaerobic Methanogenesis from Napiergrass by Addition of Micronutrients.《Biomass》.1986,第11卷135-146. * |
| L. Molnar et al.High Solids Anaerobic Fermentation for Biogas and Compost Production.《Biomass》.1988,第16卷173-182. * |
| 孙丽丽.秸秆高效沼气发酵研究.《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》.2009,(第10期),D044-1. * |
| 张记市等.城市有机生活垃圾厌氧发酵处理研究.《生态环境》.2005,第14卷(第3期),321-324. * |
| 武少菁等.秸秆干发酵产沼气技术的概述和展望.《中国沼气》.2008,第26卷(第4期),20-24. * |
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