CN101694149A - Deep well drilling speed reducer and working method thereof - Google Patents
Deep well drilling speed reducer and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101694149A CN101694149A CN200910070945A CN200910070945A CN101694149A CN 101694149 A CN101694149 A CN 101694149A CN 200910070945 A CN200910070945 A CN 200910070945A CN 200910070945 A CN200910070945 A CN 200910070945A CN 101694149 A CN101694149 A CN 101694149A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deep well drilling speed reducer comprising a stub-tooth planetary reduction gear, a pressurizer, an axial force thrust terminator and a drilling bit connecting seat. The speed reducer has the working method as follows: when the deep well drilling speed reducer arrives at a shaft bottom, both ends of all sealing devices are equal; under the action of an eccentric shaft journal, a pinion at an upper end of a duplicate planetary gear rolls in a fixed gear ring of a shell provided with the gear ring; an output shaft with a pinion only outputs rotation after speed reduction to realize gearing down and amplify the torque according to the reduction gear ratio; a thrust shaft transfers axial thrust generated during drilling to a thrust joint by a thrust bearing which can bear huge axial thrust force; the speed reducer can run smoothly by dint of the eccentric mass of a balance weight; high-pressure slurry arrives at a bit through a slurry passage to cool the bit and sweep away rock powder; because the pressurizer is adopted, the speed reducer has equal internal and external pressure, and the sealing devices are not easy to damage. The invention has the advantages that the speed reducer can be used in deep wells with the depth larger than 5,000 m, can smoothly run at the high temperature of 100-200 DEG C and the high pressure of over 50MPa, and has small volume and large transmission power.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of reductor and method of work thereof, refer in particular to the down-hole, oil field and creep into the matched reductor of power-equipment, promptly a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer and method of work thereof.
(2) background technology:
In the Petroleum Production field, the equipment that drilling well is used all uses surface driving machinery in early days, by the drilling rod of several kms, drives the bit drills producing well, because all the frictional dissipation of drilling rod in well is very big, not only power loss is very big, and drilling efficiency is also quite low.Oil well drilling extensively adopts well dynamic to drive both at home and abroad at present, owing to do not reach the rotary drill rod of several kms, and the power of driving usefulness abuts against near the drill bit, and so power loss is slight, drilling efficiency is more much higher than surface driving.The power drilling tool of current extensive employing mainly is two kinds of turbodrill and helicoid hydraulic motors.Wherein there are several turbodrills to adopt high speed worm gear acceleration and deceleration device deceleration rear drive drill bit, also have several turbodrills directly to adopt turbine directly to drive drill bit than low velocity; Turbodrill can use repeatedly, and the life-span is longer, yet costs an arm and a leg, the drilling cost height.The helicoid hydraulic motor price is relatively low, yet the life-span is very short, according to domestic situation, general use was just scrapped in about 100 hours, therefore all helicoid hydraulic motors do not adopt reductor, but directly drive drill bit with helicoid hydraulic motor because its rotating ratio turbodrill is low both at home and abroad at present.Yet the rotating speed of single-head screw drilling tool is concerning drill bit, still higher, drill bit well damage, the diamond bit of a costliness often can only hour just be scrapped with thirty or forty, whole underground equipments must be proposed more bit change of ground, thereby drilling efficiency is reduced greatly.The multiple-threaded screw drilling tool can directly reduce rotating speed to be used, but after the rotating speed reduction, drilling tool power descends significantly, and drilling efficiency is reduced greatly.Also the someone considered that because high-speed screws drilling tool power is big, and reductor can not reduce power in principle with using behind the high-speed screws drilling tool acceleration and deceleration machine, only can make output torque according to the speed reducing ratio amplification that is directly proportional, like this, under the condition of same diameter, power and moment of torsion can increase much.Yet it is very big to design this reductor difficulty, because borehole wall internal diameter is little, bottom pressure is big, well liquid temp height, and transmission power is quite big, therefore design and manufacturing are all difficult unusually, up to the present, occur satisfied solution as yet.The drilling tool of diameter 172mm for example, its power often needs to reach more than the 80KW, if rotating speed is dropped to about 75rpm with reductor (not being to use other modes), its output torque will reach 10, more than the 000Nm, this all is a challenge greatly concerning design and manufacturing reductor.Especially such reductor is different with other reductors, from reductor is inner must be by the mud of a large amount of high pressure, in order to the cooling drill bit with wash away rock dust, and the sand content of mud is very high, its driving parts with reductor inside is contacted, otherwise reductor quick-wearing very.Yet in the dark shaft bottom of several kms, its well hydraulic coupling reaches hundreds of atmospheric pressure, and any sealing device all is difficult to bear so big pressure, and bad seals is serious, causes well liquid access arrangement inside, and equipment is scrapped at short notice.On the one hand, the end thrust that drilling tool bears when creeping into is very big again, often reach more than 20 tons, and general reductor all is difficult to bear so huge end thrust.Though turbodrill also has the employing reductor, but all be the planetary reducer that adopts the band sun gear basically, this reductor is little at volume, the power broad aspect has than other reductors commonly used at present bigger advantage, but prove all that according to theory analysis and production practices there are many weak links in this reductor, there is an above-mentioned various difficult problem too, is difficult to satisfy the harsh conditions that deep-well creeps into requirement.
(3) summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer and method of work thereof, this reductor uses with the well dynamic coordinative composition of equipments in oil well, solve the deficiency that prior art exists, has running steadily, the efficient height, life-span is long, and simple and compact for structure, the characteristics that cost of production is relatively low.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer, it is characterized in that it is made up of very short tooth planetary reduction gear, pressurizer, axial force thrust terminator and drill bit Connection Block, said very short tooth planetary reduction gear is installed on above the pressurizer; Said pressurizer is installed on axial force thrust terminator top; Said axial force thrust terminator is installed on drill bit Connection Block top.
Above-mentioned said very short tooth planetary reduction gear is made up of the output shaft of power shaft, band gear ring shell, doubly-linked planetary gear and the band pinion of top connection, band rotor journal; Said top connection lower end is connected with band gear ring shell upper end; Said doubly-linked planetary gear is installed on the rotor journal of the power shaft of being with rotor journal with capacity eccentric bearing, the pinion of doubly-linked planetary gear top is meshed with gear ring on being with the gear ring shell, the gear ring of below is meshed with the pinion on the output shaft top of band pinion, finishes deceleration transmission jointly; The power shaft lower end of said band rotor journal is installed in the hole on the output shaft top of being with pinion with the power shaft lower bearing, and top is installed in the power shaft upper bearing in the hole of top connection, will be with the power shaft of rotor journal to remain on the center; Be fixed with a balance weight on the power shaft of said band rotor journal in order to the centrifugal force on the balance rotor journal; The output sleeve of said band pinion is in pressurizer.
Above-mentioned said pressurizer is made up of equalizer shell, pressure balance capsule and capsule seat; Said equalizer shell upper end is connected with band gear ring shell lower end; On the said equalizer shell wall through hole that is communicated with outer well liquid is arranged, pressure balance capsule external surface is communicated with high-pressure well liquid by through hole; Said pressure balance capsule is installed on the capsule seat; Said pressure balance capsule and capsule seat all are placed in the equalizer shell; Output shaft upper bearing and output shaft lower bearing are housed in the said equalizer shell; Separate with the bearing positioning sleeve between said output shaft upper bearing and the output shaft lower bearing; Said bearing positioning sleeve is placed in outside the output shaft of band pinion.
Above-mentioned said axial force thrust terminator is made up of thrust joint, thrust shaft and thrust terminator overcoat; Said thrust upper end of joint is connected with equalizer shell lower end; The thrust shaft upper end is connected with the output shaft of spline with the band pinion, and the lower end is connected with the drill bit Connection Block; Said thrust shaft connects the thrust joint according to thrust bearing; Said thrust shaft is connected with and makes its thrust bearing that remains on the center and journal bearing; Said thrust terminator overcoat is enclosed within outside the thrust shaft, and its upper end is connected with thrust joint lower end.
Above-mentioned said drill bit Connection Block is made up of drill headstock and drill headstock sheath; Said drill headstock is connected with thrust shaft with spline, and is fixed in the thrust shaft lower end with round nut II; Said drill headstock bottom has and is used for the internal thread that is connected with drill bit; Said drill headstock sheath is placed in outside the drill headstock, and is connected with thrust terminator overcoat lower end with bolt.
There is through hole at the output shaft of the power shaft of above-mentioned said band rotor journal, band pinion and the center of thrust shaft, are configured to the slurry channel by high-pressure slurry; Mechanical seal is equipped with on the power shaft top of said band rotor journal, and by fixing in order to the round nut I that adjusts spring pressure.
Above-mentioned said top connection lower end is complied with band gear ring shell upper end and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate I; Said band gear ring shell lower end is complied with equalizer shell upper end and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate II; Said thrust upper end of joint is complied with equalizer shell lower end and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate III; Said thrust joint lower end is complied with the outer set upper side of thrust terminator and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate IV.
Above-mentioned said top connection lower end seals with O-ring seals I with the connection of thread of band gear ring shell upper end; The connection of thread of said band gear ring shell lower end and equalizer shell upper end seals with O-ring seals II; The connection of thread of said thrust upper end of joint and equalizer shell lower end seals with O-ring seals V with O-ring seals VIII sealing, the connection of thread of the outer set upper side of thrust joint lower end and thrust terminator; Said power shaft and the O-ring seals III sealing of the junction of the output shaft of band pinion at the band rotor journal; The output shaft of said band pinion and the junction of thrust shaft seal with O-ring seals VII; Seal with O-ring seals IV between said equalizer shell and the capsule seat; Seal with O-ring seals VI between said thrust terminator overcoat and the thrust shaft.
The adjusting bung flange I of the end play of adjusting capacity eccentric bearing is housed in the compound planet gear of above-mentioned said capacity eccentric bearing top; The adjusting bung flange II of the end play that is used to regulate a whole set of bearing arrangement is equipped with in the below of said output shaft lower bearing.
Inlet valve is equipped with in the below of above-mentioned said thrust shaft overcoat, at the middle part of top connection, that is the top of reductor inner chamber, overflow valve is housed.
Fixed gear ring and shell on the above-mentioned said band gear ring shell are an integral body.
Above-mentioned said compound planet gear high strength alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1300MPa; Said band gear ring shell and power shaft superior alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 900MPa; The output shaft and the thrust shaft high strength alloy steel manufacturing of band pinion, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1300MPa; Drill headstock superior alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1000MPa; The ductile iron manufacturing of drill headstock sheath, when preventing to creep into and drill headstock produce gummed.
A kind of method of work of deep-well drilling speed reducer is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
(1) with pressure oil pump from inlet valve with in the lubrication oil implanter, treat that lubrication oil flows out from overflow valve, illustrate that inner chamber has been full of lubrication oil, air drains;
(2) under the deep-well drilling speed reducer behind the shaft bottom, borehole pressure can be pressed in the outside of pressure balance capsule, by capsule the well hydraulic coupling is delivered in the lubrication oil, according to pressure even principle and incompressible principle of liquid volume of transmitting in liquid, each surface that contacts with lubrication oil all is subjected to and well liquid phase pressure together, thereby makes all sealing device pressure at two ends equate that direction is opposite, cancel each other, do not have the pressure differential that makes leak of liquid;
(3) power shaft drives rotation by the shaft coupling of well dynamic, because the effect of rotor journal is rolled the pinion of compound planet gear upper end in the fixed gear ring of band gear ring shell, forms the planetary motion that existing revolution has rotation again;
(4) this planetary motion is passed to the pinion of band pinion output shaft upper end by the ring gear of compound planet gear lower end, drive pinion rotation, it is opposite to mesh direction owing to the center to center distance of two pairs of gears is identical, when passing motion to band pinion output shaft, the revolution motion of compound planet gear is filtered automatically, and the spinning motion output after band pinion output shaft only will slow down realizes deceleration transmission, simultaneously moment of torsion is amplified by speed reducing ratio, reach the transmission purpose of reductor; The power shaft of band rotor journal adopts counter-rotating, and the direction of rotation of the output shaft of the back band pinion that slows down is opposite with the power shaft of band rotor journal, and just being changes;
(5) band pinion output shaft is installed on the equalizer shell with output shaft upper bearing and output shaft lower bearing, and the lower end is connected with thrust shaft with splined shaft;
The end thrust that will produce when (6) thrust shaft will creep into by the thrust bearing that can bear huge end thrust passes to the thrust joint, does not therefore just have end thrust on band pinion output shaft;
(7) rotor journal on the power shaft, capacity eccentric bearing and compound planet gear produce sizable centrifugal force together in high speed rotating, can make reductor produce vibrations; At this moment, the opposite centrifugal force of equal and opposite in direction, direction that produces when the high speed rotating by the eccentric mass of balance weight comes balance in addition, makes the reductor can smooth operation;
(8) high-pressure slurry arrives drill bit by the slurry channel that the central through hole by power shaft, band pinion output shaft and thrust shaft constitutes, and the cooling drill bit also washes away rock dust.
Transmission principle of the present invention is: when power shaft is pressed the rotational speed of turbodrill or helicoid hydraulic motor by the shaft coupling drive, because the effect of rotor journal, the pinion of compound planet gear upper end is rolled in the fixed gear ring of band gear ring shell, forming existing revolution has the planetary motion of rotation again, this planetary motion is passed to the pinion of band pinion output shaft upper end by the ring gear of compound planet gear lower end, drive pinion rotation, it is opposite to mesh direction owing to the center to center distance of two pairs of gears is identical, when passing motion to output shaft, the revolution motion of compound planet gear is filtered automatically, spinning motion output after band pinion output shaft only will slow down, realize deceleration transmission, simultaneously moment of torsion is amplified by speed reducing ratio, reach the transmission purpose of reductor, because turning to of output shaft is opposite with power shaft, so turning to of power input equipment must be adopted counter-rotating.Band pinion output shaft is installed on the equalizer shell with output shaft upper bearing and output shaft lower bearing, output shaft upper bearing and output shaft lower bearing remain on the tram with the bearing positioning sleeve, in order to support output shaft, it is stably rotated in the center; The output shaft lower end is connected with thrust shaft with splined shaft, rotatablely moving after slowing down passed to thrust shaft by spline, the end thrust that will produce when thrust shaft will creep into by the thrust bearing that can bear huge end thrust again passes to the thrust joint, does not therefore just have end thrust on output shaft; Thrust shaft remains on the center by centering face, thrust bearing and the journal bearing of splined shaft, and rotatablely moving after it stably will be slowed down passes to drill headstock.In addition, because rotor journal, bearing and compound planet gear on the power shaft are together, in high speed rotating, produce sizable centrifugal force, can make reductor produce vibrations, therefore must come in addition balance by the opposite centrifugal force of equal and opposite in direction, direction that the eccentric mass of balance weight produces when the high speed rotating, make the reductor can smooth operation.Because the center of power shaft, output shaft and thrust shaft all processes through hole, the shaft connection place all seals with O-ring seals, form slurry channel, therefore when high-pressure slurry enters slurry channel, complete and reductor inner body completely cuts off, can not enter the reductor inner chamber, can only lead to drill bit, play cooling drill bit and the effect that washes away rock dust.Before using reductor with pressure oil pump from inlet valve with the lubrication oil implanter in, treat that lubrication oil flows out from overflow valve, illustrate that inner chamber has been full of lubrication oil, air drains, under with complete drilling equipment behind the shaft bottom, no matter borehole pressure is much, this pressure will be pressed in the outside of capsule, by capsule the well hydraulic coupling is delivered in the lubrication oil, according to pressure even principle and incompressible principle of liquid volume of transmitting in liquid, each surface that contacts with lubrication oil all is subjected to and well liquid phase pressure together, on the both sides of everywhere sealing device, pressure equates that direction is opposite, cancel each other, do not have the pressure differential that makes the inside or outside seepage of liquid, therefore, all sealing devices are all only used as cutting off two ends, and the pressure that the destruction that does not have any direction seals, sealing device just can not premature failure.
Superiority of the present invention is: this kind reductor can use in the deep-well of well depth greater than 5000m, and can be under 100 ℃-200 ℃ the high temperature and borehole pressure surpasses steady running under the high pressure of 50 MPas (being equivalent to 500 atmospheric pressure approximately) in environment temperature, comparable other any reductors of volume are little, and comparable other any reductors of transmission power are big, overload capacity and heat-resisting, wear resistance is all extremely strong, running steadily, the efficient height, life-span is long, and simple and compact for structure, cost of production is relatively low.
(4) description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the related a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the related a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer first half enlarged drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the related a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer Lower Half enlarged drawing of the present invention.
Wherein, 01 is power shaft, and 02 is round nut I, 03 is overflow valve, and 04 is O-ring seals I, and 05 is balance weight, 06 is band gear ring shell, and 07 is compound planet gear, and 08 is band pinion output shaft, 09 is the output shaft upper bearing, and 10 is O-ring seals II, and 10a is O-ring seals VIII, 11 is the equalizer shell, and 12 are the pressure balance capsule, and 13 is the capsule seat, 14 for regulating bung flange II, 15 are top connection, and 16 are mechanical seal, and 17 is fixing steel plate I, 18 is the power shaft upper bearing, 19 for regulating bung flange I, and 20 is capacity eccentric bearing, and 21 is the power shaft lower bearing, 22 is O-ring seals III, 23 is fixing steel plate II, and 24 is O-ring seals IV, and 25 is the through hole that is communicated with outer well liquid, 26 is the bearing positioning sleeve, 27 is the output shaft lower bearing, and 28 is fixing steel plate III, and 29 are the thrust joint, 30 is O-ring seals V, 31 is the thrust shaft overcoat, and 32 is journal bearing, and 33 is O-ring seals VI, 34 is the drill headstock sheath, 35 is round nut II, and 36 is thrust bearing, and 37 is fixing steel plate IV, 38 is thrust shaft, 39 is O-ring seals VII, and 40 is slurry channel, and 41 is inlet valve, 42 is bolt, and 43 is drill headstock.
(5) specific embodiment:
Embodiment: a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer (seeing Fig. 1-3), it is characterized in that it is made up of very short tooth planetary reduction gear, pressurizer, axial force thrust terminator and drill bit Connection Block, said very short tooth planetary reduction gear is installed on above the pressurizer; Said pressurizer is installed on axial force thrust terminator top; Said axial force thrust terminator is installed on drill bit Connection Block top.
Above-mentioned said very short tooth planetary reduction gear is made up of the output shaft 08 of power shaft 01, band gear ring shell 06, doubly-linked planetary gear 07 and the band pinion of top connection 15, band rotor journal; Said top connection 15 lower ends are connected with band gear ring shell 06 upper end; Said doubly-linked planetary gear 07 usefulness capacity eccentric bearing 20 is installed on the rotor journal of the power shaft 01 of being with rotor journal, the pinion of doubly-linked planetary gear 07 top is meshed with gear ring on the band gear ring shell 06, the gear ring of below is meshed with the pinion on output shaft 08 top of band pinion, finishes deceleration transmission jointly; Power shaft 01 lower end of said band rotor journal is installed in the hole on output shaft 08 top of being with pinion with power shaft lower bearing 21, top is installed in power shaft upper bearing 18 in the hole of top connection 15, will be with the power shaft 01 of rotor journal to remain on the center; Be fixed with a balance weight 05 on the power shaft 01 of said band rotor journal in order to the centrifugal force on the balance rotor journal; The output shaft 08 of said band pinion is placed in the pressurizer;
Said pressurizer is made up of equalizer shell 11, pressure balance capsule 12 and capsule seat 13; Said equalizer shell 11 upper ends are connected with band gear ring shell 06 lower end; On said equalizer shell 11 walls through hole 25 that is communicated with outer well liquid is arranged, pressure balance capsule 12 external surfaces are communicated with high-pressure well liquid by through hole 25; Said pressure balance capsule 12 is installed on the capsule seat 13; Said pressure balance capsule 12 and capsule seat 13 all are placed in the equalizer shell 11; Output shaft upper bearing 09 and output shaft lower bearing 27 are housed in the said equalizer shell 11; Separate with bearing positioning sleeve 26 between said output shaft upper bearing 09 and the output shaft lower bearing 27; Said bearing positioning sleeve 26 is placed in outside the output shaft 08 of band pinion;
Said axial force thrust terminator is made up of thrust joint 29, thrust shaft 38 and thrust terminator overcoat 31; Said thrust joint 29 upper ends are connected with equalizer shell 11 lower ends; Thrust shaft 38 upper ends are connected with the output shaft 08 of spline with the band pinion, and the lower end is connected with the drill bit Connection Block; Said thrust shaft 38 connects thrust joint 29 according to thrust bearing 36; Said thrust shaft 38 is connected with and makes its thrust bearing that remains on the center 36 and journal bearing 32; Said thrust terminator overcoat 31 is enclosed within outside the thrust shaft 38, and its upper end is connected with thrust joint 29 lower ends;
Said drill bit Connection Block is made up of drill headstock 43 and drill headstock sheath 34; Said drill headstock 43 usefulness splines are connected with thrust shaft 38, and are fixed in thrust shaft 38 lower ends with round nut II 35; Said drill headstock 43 bottoms have and are used for the internal thread that is connected with drill bit; Said drill headstock sheath 34 is placed in outside the drill headstock 43, and is connected with thrust terminator overcoat 31 lower ends with bolt 42.(seeing Fig. 1-3)
There is through hole at the output shaft 08 of the power shaft 01 of above-mentioned said band rotor journal, band pinion and the center of thrust shaft 38, are configured to the slurry channel 40 by high-pressure slurry; Mechanical seal 16 is equipped with on power shaft 01 top of said band rotor journal, and by fixing in order to the round nut I02 that adjusts spring pressure.(seeing Fig. 1-3)
Above-mentioned said top connection 15 lower ends are complied with band gear ring shell 06 upper end and are threaded, and weld according to fixing steel plate I17; Said band gear ring shell 06 lower end is complied with equalizer shell 11 upper ends and is threaded, and according to fixing steel plate II 23 welding; Said thrust joint 29 upper ends are complied with equalizer shell 11 lower ends and are threaded, and weld according to fixing steel plate III28; Said thrust joint 29 lower ends are complied with thrust terminator overcoat 31 upper ends and are threaded, and weld according to fixing steel plate IV37.(seeing Fig. 1-3)
Above-mentioned said top connection 15 lower ends seal with O-ring seals I04 with the connection of thread of band gear ring shell 06 upper end; The connection of thread of said band gear ring shell 06 lower end and equalizer shell 11 upper ends seals with O-ring seals II10; The connection of thread of said thrust joint 29 upper ends and equalizer shell 11 lower ends uses O-ring seals V30 to seal with O-ring seals VIII10a sealing, the connection of thread of thrust joint 29 lower ends and thrust terminator overcoat 31 upper ends; Said power shaft 01 and the O-ring seals III22 sealing of the junction of the output shaft 08 of band pinion at the band rotor journal; The output shaft 08 of said band pinion seals with O-ring seals VII39 with the junction of thrust shaft 38; Seal with O-ring seals IV24 between said equalizer shell 11 and the capsule seat 13; Seal with O-ring seals VI33 between said thrust terminator overcoat 31 and the thrust shaft 38.(seeing Fig. 1-3)
The adjusting bung flange I 19 of the end play of adjusting capacity eccentric bearing is housed in the compound planet gear 07 of above-mentioned said capacity eccentric bearing top; The adjusting bung flange II 14 of the end play that is used to regulate a whole set of bearing arrangement is equipped with in the below of said output shaft lower bearing 27.(seeing Fig. 1-3)
Fixed gear ring and shell on the above-mentioned said band gear ring shell 06 are an integral body.(seeing Fig. 1-2)
Above-mentioned said compound planet gear 07 high strength alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1300MPa; Said band gear ring shell 06 and power shaft 01 superior alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 900MPa; The output shaft 08 and the thrust shaft 38 high strength alloy steel manufacturing of band pinion, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1300MPa; Drill headstock 43 superior alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1000MPa; Drill headstock sheath 34 ductile iron manufacturing, when preventing to creep into and drill headstock 43 produce gummed, other part material therefors must guarantee the necessary strength requirement, all material is all heat-treated according to the corresponding techniques standard.
The method of work of a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer (seeing Fig. 1-3) is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
(1) with pressure oil pump from inlet valve 41 with in the lubrication oil implanter, treat that lubrication oil flows out from overflow valve 03, illustrate that inner chamber has been full of lubrication oil, air drains;
(2) under the deep-well drilling speed reducer behind the shaft bottom, borehole pressure can be pressed in the outside of pressure balance capsule 12, by capsule 12 the well hydraulic coupling is delivered in the lubrication oil, according to pressure even principle and incompressible principle of liquid volume of transmitting in liquid, each surface that contacts with lubrication oil all is subjected to and well liquid phase pressure together, thereby makes all sealing device pressure at two ends equate that direction is opposite, cancel each other, do not have the pressure differential that makes leak of liquid;
(3) power shaft 01 drives rotation by the shaft coupling of well dynamic, because the effect of rotor journal is rolled the pinion of compound planet gear 07 upper end in the fixed gear ring of band gear ring shell 06, forms the planetary motion that existing revolution has rotation again;
(4) this planetary motion is passed to the pinion of band pinion output shaft 08 upper end by the ring gear of compound planet gear 07 lower end, drive pinion rotation, it is opposite to mesh direction owing to the center to center distance of two pairs of gears is identical, when passing motion to band pinion output shaft 08, the revolution motion of compound planet gear 07 is filtered automatically, spinning motion output after 08 of band pinion output shaft will slow down, realize deceleration transmission, simultaneously moment of torsion is amplified by speed reducing ratio, reach the transmission purpose of reductor; The power shaft 01 of band rotor journal adopts counter-rotating, and the direction of rotation of the output shaft 08 of the back band pinion that slows down is opposite with the power shaft 01 of band rotor journal, and just being changes;
(5) band pinion output shaft 08 usefulness output shaft upper bearing 09 and output shaft lower bearing 27 are installed on the equalizer shell 11, and the lower end is connected with thrust shaft 38 with splined shaft;
The end thrust that will produce when (6) thrust shaft 38 will creep into by the thrust bearing 36 that can bear huge end thrust passes to thrust joint 29, does not therefore just have end thrust on band pinion output shaft 08;
(7) rotor journal on the power shaft 01, capacity eccentric bearing 20 and compound planet gear 07 produce sizable centrifugal force together in high speed rotating, can make reductor produce vibrations; At this moment, the opposite centrifugal force of equal and opposite in direction, direction that produces when the high speed rotating by the eccentric mass of balance weight 05 comes balance in addition, makes the reductor can smooth operation;
(8) high-pressure slurry arrives drill bit by the slurry channel 40 that the central through hole by power shaft 01, band pinion output shaft 08 and thrust shaft 38 constitutes, and the cooling drill bit also washes away rock dust.
The remainder of this reductor all designs by the routine requirement of Machine Design.
Claims (10)
1. deep-well drilling speed reducer is characterized in that it is made up of very short tooth planetary reduction gear, pressurizer, axial force thrust terminator and drill bit Connection Block, and said very short tooth planetary reduction gear is installed on above the pressurizer; Said pressurizer is installed on axial force thrust terminator top; Said axial force thrust terminator is installed on drill bit Connection Block top.
2. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 1, it is characterized in that said very short tooth planetary reduction gear is made up of the output shaft of power shaft, band gear ring shell, doubly-linked planetary gear and the band pinion of top connection, band rotor journal; Said top connection lower end is connected with band gear ring shell upper end; Said doubly-linked planetary gear is installed on the rotor journal of the power shaft of being with rotor journal with capacity eccentric bearing, the pinion of doubly-linked planetary gear top is meshed with gear ring on being with the gear ring shell, the gear ring of below is meshed with the pinion on the output shaft top of band pinion, finishes deceleration transmission jointly; The power shaft lower end of said band rotor journal is installed in the hole on the output shaft top of being with pinion with the power shaft lower bearing, and top is installed in the power shaft upper bearing in the hole of top connection, will be with the power shaft of rotor journal to remain on the center; Be fixed with a balance weight on the power shaft of said band rotor journal in order to the centrifugal force on the balance rotor journal; The output sleeve of said band pinion is in pressurizer;
Said pressurizer is made up of equalizer shell, pressure balance capsule and capsule seat; Said equalizer shell upper end is connected with band gear ring shell lower end; On the said equalizer shell wall through hole that is communicated with outer well liquid is arranged, pressure balance capsule external surface is communicated with high-pressure well liquid by through hole; Said pressure balance capsule is installed on the capsule seat; Said pressure balance capsule and capsule seat all are placed in the equalizer shell; Output shaft upper bearing and output shaft lower bearing are housed in the said equalizer shell; Separate with the bearing positioning sleeve between said output shaft upper bearing and the output shaft lower bearing; Said bearing positioning sleeve is placed in outside the output shaft of band pinion;
Said axial force thrust terminator is made up of thrust joint, thrust shaft and thrust terminator overcoat; Said thrust upper end of joint is connected with equalizer shell lower end; The thrust shaft upper end is connected with the output shaft of spline with the band pinion, and the lower end is connected with the drill bit Connection Block; Said thrust shaft connects the thrust joint according to thrust bearing; Said thrust shaft is connected with and makes its thrust bearing that remains on the center and journal bearing; Said thrust terminator overcoat is enclosed within outside the thrust shaft, and its upper end is connected with thrust joint lower end;
Said drill bit Connection Block is made up of drill headstock and drill headstock sheath; Said drill headstock is connected with thrust shaft with spline, and is fixed in the thrust shaft lower end with round nut II; Said drill headstock bottom has and is used for the internal thread that is connected with drill bit; Said drill headstock sheath is placed in outside the drill headstock, and is connected with thrust terminator overcoat lower end with bolt.
3. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that there is through hole at the power shaft of said band rotor journal, the output shaft of band pinion and the center of thrust shaft, are configured to the slurry channel by high-pressure slurry; Mechanical seal is equipped with on the power shaft top of said band rotor journal, and by fixing in order to the round nut I that adjusts spring pressure.
4. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that said top connection lower end and band gear ring shell upper end according to being threaded, and weld according to fixing steel plate I; Said band gear ring shell lower end is complied with equalizer shell upper end and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate II; Said thrust upper end of joint is complied with equalizer shell lower end and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate III; Said thrust joint lower end is complied with the outer set upper side of thrust terminator and is threaded, and welds according to fixing steel plate IV.
5. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that the said top connection lower end and the connection of thread of band gear ring shell upper end seal with O-ring seals I; The connection of thread of said band gear ring shell lower end and equalizer shell upper end seals with O-ring seals II; The connection of thread of said thrust upper end of joint and equalizer shell lower end seals with O-ring seals V with O-ring seals VIII sealing, the connection of thread of the outer set upper side of thrust joint lower end and thrust terminator; Said power shaft and the O-ring seals III sealing of the junction of the output shaft of band pinion at the band rotor journal; The output shaft of said band pinion and the junction of thrust shaft seal with O-ring seals VII; Seal with O-ring seals IV between said equalizer shell and the capsule seat; Seal with O-ring seals VI between said thrust terminator overcoat and the thrust shaft.
6. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that being equipped with in the compound planet gear of said capacity eccentric bearing top the adjusting bung flange I of the end play of adjusting capacity eccentric bearing; The adjusting bung flange II of the end play that is used to regulate a whole set of bearing arrangement is equipped with in the below of said output shaft lower bearing.
7. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that inlet valve is equipped with in the below of said thrust shaft overcoat, at the middle part of top connection, that is the top of reductor inner chamber, overflow valve is housed.
8. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that fixed gear ring and the shell on the said band gear ring shell is an integral body.
9. according to the said a kind of deep-well drilling speed reducer of claim 2, it is characterized in that the high strength alloy steel manufacturing of said compound planet gear, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1300MPa; Said band gear ring shell and power shaft superior alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 900MPa; The output shaft and the thrust shaft high strength alloy steel manufacturing of band pinion, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1300MPa; Drill headstock superior alloy steel manufacturing, its tensile strength S
bMore than 1000MPa; The ductile iron manufacturing of drill headstock sheath, when preventing to creep into and drill headstock produce gummed.
10. the method for work of a deep-well drilling speed reducer is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
(1) with pressure oil pump from inlet valve with in the lubrication oil implanter, treat that lubrication oil flows out from overflow valve, illustrate that inner chamber has been full of lubrication oil, air drains;
(2) under the deep-well drilling speed reducer behind the shaft bottom, borehole pressure can be pressed in the outside of pressure balance capsule, by capsule the well hydraulic coupling is delivered in the lubrication oil, according to pressure even principle and incompressible principle of liquid volume of transmitting in liquid, each surface that contacts with lubrication oil all is subjected to and well liquid phase pressure together, thereby makes all sealing device pressure at two ends equate that direction is opposite, cancel each other, do not have the pressure differential that makes leak of liquid;
(3) power shaft drives rotation by the shaft coupling of well dynamic, because the effect of rotor journal is rolled the pinion of compound planet gear upper end in the fixed gear ring of band gear ring shell, forms the planetary motion that existing revolution has rotation again;
(4) this planetary motion is passed to the pinion of band pinion output shaft upper end by the ring gear of compound planet gear lower end, drive pinion rotation, it is opposite to mesh direction owing to the center to center distance of two pairs of gears is identical, when passing motion to band pinion output shaft, the revolution motion of compound planet gear is filtered automatically, and the spinning motion output after band pinion output shaft only will slow down realizes deceleration transmission, simultaneously moment of torsion is amplified by speed reducing ratio, reach the transmission purpose of reductor; The power shaft of band rotor journal adopts counter-rotating, and the direction of rotation of the output shaft of the back band pinion that slows down is opposite with the power shaft of band rotor journal, and just being changes;
(5) band pinion output shaft is installed on the equalizer shell with output shaft upper bearing and output shaft lower bearing, and the lower end is connected with thrust shaft with splined shaft;
The end thrust that will produce when (6) thrust shaft will creep into by the thrust bearing that can bear huge end thrust passes to the thrust joint, does not therefore just have end thrust on band pinion output shaft;
(7) rotor journal on the power shaft, capacity eccentric bearing and compound planet gear produce sizable centrifugal force together in high speed rotating, can make reductor produce vibrations; At this moment, the opposite centrifugal force of equal and opposite in direction, direction that produces when the high speed rotating by the eccentric mass of balance weight comes balance in addition, makes the reductor can smooth operation;
(8) high-pressure slurry arrives drill bit by the slurry channel that the central through hole by power shaft, band pinion output shaft and thrust shaft constitutes, and the cooling drill bit also washes away rock dust.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910070945XA CN101694149B (en) | 2009-10-23 | 2009-10-23 | Deep well drilling speed reducer and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910070945XA CN101694149B (en) | 2009-10-23 | 2009-10-23 | Deep well drilling speed reducer and working method thereof |
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| CN101694149A true CN101694149A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
| CN101694149B CN101694149B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200910070945XA Expired - Fee Related CN101694149B (en) | 2009-10-23 | 2009-10-23 | Deep well drilling speed reducer and working method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN101694149B (en) |
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