CN101688709A - 运输致冷串联混合电源 - Google Patents

运输致冷串联混合电源 Download PDF

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CN101688709A
CN101688709A CN200780053685A CN200780053685A CN101688709A CN 101688709 A CN101688709 A CN 101688709A CN 200780053685 A CN200780053685 A CN 200780053685A CN 200780053685 A CN200780053685 A CN 200780053685A CN 101688709 A CN101688709 A CN 101688709A
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alternating current
engine
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J·R·里森
N·S·奥瓦德
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Carrier Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
    • B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2327/00—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Abstract

公开一种用于拖车货箱致冷系统的串联混合供电系统。该拖车货箱致冷系统可以使用DC或AC马达为压缩机提供动力。该动力系统交流发电机产生为致冷系统负载提供的动力。

Description

运输致冷串联混合电源
发明背景
[0001]本发明一般涉及运输致冷系统的领域。具体而言，本发明涉及运输致冷系统，其采用串联混合电源输出直流(DC)以给DC或AC(交流)压缩机马达提供动力。
[0002]运输致冷系统，比如使用在卡车拖车上的那些，通常采用机械联结轴驱动型压缩机或电动马达驱动型压缩机。在机械方案中，发动机比如柴油机或直接或间接地联结于致冷压缩机。该发动机也可以通过使用皮带轮、V型带、等的附加机械驱动器来驱动致冷冷凝器风扇、蒸发器风扇、以及其它部件。
[0003]对于机械致冷系统而言，电气动力是受限的。通常，唯一适用的动力为从致冷系统发动机电池获得的12伏DC。该低压可以被用来为拖车货箱的照明提供动力或者为升降闸门机构提供动力。
[0004]在电气方案中，发动机联结于交流发电机，其为所有的致冷负载提供单相或多相AC动力。致冷负载一般包括压缩机马达、冷凝器风扇马达、蒸发器风扇马达、电气除霜加热器以及其它电气负载。
[0005]还需要一种为DC和AC负载提供DC的系统。
发明内容
[0006]本发明已发现，对于电气运输致冷系统而言，DC马达的DC分配要比AC马达提供较价廉的马达速度控制，与多相AC系统以及接触器极数量相比由于导体数量减少而使负载分配成本低，而且提供理解DC系统时的内在简洁性。
[0007]公开一种用于拖车货箱致冷系统的使用DC分配总线的串联混合供电系统。拖车货箱致冷系统可以使用DC或AC马达为与其相关的压缩机提供动力。该串联混合交流发电机产生的动力是全波，经整流后用于DC致冷系统负载。
[0008]本发明的一个方面提供串联混合移动致冷供电系统，以用于冷却拖车货箱的电气运输致冷系统。根据本发明该方面的系统包括与交流发电机联结以提供交流电流输出的发动机、与该交流发电机的输出联结以把交流电流转换为直流电流的整流器桥路、与该整流器桥路联结以把直流电流分配到多个移动致冷系统负载的分配总线、以及与该分配总线电联结的直流电流压缩机马达，使用接触器作为开关装置以在冷却命令需要时激励该压缩机马达。
[0009]本发明的另一个方面提供一种系统，为用于冷却拖车货箱的电气运输致冷系统提供电气动力。根据本发明该方面的系统包括与交流发电机联结以提供交流电流输出的发动机、与该交流发电机的输出联结以把交流电流转换为直流电流的整流器桥路、与该整流器桥路联结以把直流电流分配到多个负载的分配总线、以及与该直流电流总线联结压缩机马达接触器、以及与该压缩机马达接触器联结转换器，以在冷却命令需要时把直流电流转换为供给压缩机马达的交流电流。
[0010]在附图和下面的说明中陈述本发明一个或多个实施例的细节。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点会从说明和附图以及权利要求书中显而易见到。
附图说明
[0011]图1是串联混合AC交流发电机的示例性示意图，其输出DC以为拖车货箱致冷系统的DC压缩机马达提供动力。
[0012]图2是串联混合AC交流发电机的示例性示意图，其输出DC以为拖车货箱致冷系统的DC压缩机马达提供动力。
具体实施方式
[0013]参照附图介绍本发明的实施例，其中全文中，相同附图标记表示相同元件。此外，可以理解，在此所用的术语和专门名词是为了说明的目的而不应该被看作是限制。在此所用的“包含”、“包括”或“具有”及其变形的含义是囊括其后所列的部件、其等同物以及其它部件。术语“安装”、“连接”、“联结”是广义上的使用，囊括直接和间接的安装、连接或联结。进一步，“连接”、“联结”不限制于物理或机械的“连接”或“联结”。
[0014]图1示出用于移动致冷单元的串联混合DC动力分配系统的第一实施例101。在串联混合构型中，汽油或柴油发动机103使同步交流发电机105转动来产生用于电动马达107的动力，该电动马达107与移动致冷系统的压缩机109配合。该发动机103不直接为压缩机109提供动力。
[0015]交流发电机105在频率111下产生电压，该频率随发动机103的角速度而线性地变化。该发动机103的速度113可以不受调节或者使用发动机调速器(未示)来调节。在优选实施例中，该系统被设计为在多个发动机速度下运行，该发动机速度的选择是受控制器确定以符合致冷空间所需的条件。
[0016]交流发电机105可以输出单相或多相AC，且被用来为压缩机109驱动马达107提供动力，还可以给冷凝器风扇马达、电驱动蒸发器风扇马达、盘管加热器元件、蒸发器线圈加热器以及许多比如抽吸调制阀螺线管、显示器键盘组件等(未示)电气和电子控制装置提供动力。
[0017]整体安装型发动机驱动交流发电机105单元的结构小得允许它被容易地直接联结于发动机103的驱动轴。结果，交流发电机105和发动机103公用的单个旋转驱动轴允许交流发电机105和发动机103被构型为以单个整个安装单元运行。发动机103可以同轴地联结于交流发电机105或者使用中间动力传递装置联结。可以使用各种机械驱动机构，包含齿轮系和其它公知机械驱动装置。
[0018]与交流发电机105的输出联结的是用于单相交流发电机103输出的桥路整流器115和/或用于多相交流发电机103输出的多相二极管桥路115。桥路整流器(二极管桥路)是连接在桥路电路中的二极管的布置，该桥路二极管为输入AC电压的任何极性提供输出DC电压的相同极性。桥路整流器从单相或多相AC输入提供全波整流。
[0019]经整流的DC从整流器115输出到分配总线117以把动力分配到所有DC共给负载。所有主要DC负载都经由致冷系统控制器(未示)控制的单极或双极接触器(继电器)119联结于总线。接触器119起开关的作用，根据冷却命令把总线117分配的DC121联结到比如压缩机109马达107的DC负载。
[0020]在图2的替换实施例201中，致冷系统使用AC马达203用于压缩机109。来自整流器115的经整流的DC输出通过总线117分配。联结于总线117，转换器205把DC转换为AC207，该AC207直接联结于AC马达203或通过单极或多极接触器(未示)。AC马达可以感应机或同步马达。
[0021]通常的电气拖车货箱致冷系统压缩机马达需要
Figure A20078005368500051
伏AC。经过转换后，可以用变压器把该电压分段上升或降低以用于在不同电势(未示)下运行的电气负载。DC-DC转换器可以用来分段上升或降低交流发电机105输出电压。由致冷系统提供动力的辅助负载可以被选择来与所产生的输出电压比如伏AC一起使用，或者与电压转换装置一起使用。
[0022]已描述了本发明的一个或多个实施例。尽管如此，还会理解可以进行各种变形而不超出本发明的精神和范围。因此，其它实施例也在后附权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种串联混合移动致冷供电系统，包括：
与交流发电机联结的发动机，该交流发电机构型为提供交流电流输出；
与该交流发电机的输出联结的整流器桥路，该整流器桥路构型为把交流电流转换为直流电流；
与该整流器桥路联结以把直流电流分配到多个移动致冷系统负载的分配总线；以及
与该分配总线电联结的直流电流压缩机马达，使用接触器作为开关装置，该接触器在致冷冷却命令要求时激励该压缩机马达。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中：所述发动机是汽油发动机。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中：所述发动机是柴油发动机。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中：所述交流发电机输出单相AC。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中：所述交流发电机输出多相AC。
6.一种用于冷却拖车货箱的电气运输致冷系统，包括：
与交流发电机联结的发动机，该交流发电机构型为提供交流电流输出；
与该交流发电机的输出联结的整流器桥路，该整流器桥路构型为把交流电流转换为直流电流；
与该整流器桥路联结以把直流电流分配到多个电气运输致冷系统负载的分配总线；
与直流总线联结的转换器，该转换器构型为把直流电流转换为交流电流；以及
与该转换器电联结的交流电流压缩机马达，使用接触器作为开关装置，该接触器在致冷冷却命令要求时激励该压缩机马达。
7.如权利要求6所述的系统，其中：所述发动机是汽油发动机。
8.如权利要求6所述的系统，其中：所述发动机是柴油发动机。
9.如权利要求6所述的系统，其中：所述交流发电机输出单相AC。
10.如权利要求6所述的系统，其中：所述交流发电机输出多相AC。
CN200780053685A 2007-07-06 2007-07-06 运输致冷串联混合电源 Pending CN101688709A (zh)

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