CN101677640A - 可打包的防水绝缘制品 - Google Patents

可打包的防水绝缘制品 Download PDF

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CN101677640A
CN101677640A CN200880007059A CN200880007059A CN101677640A CN 101677640 A CN101677640 A CN 101677640A CN 200880007059 A CN200880007059 A CN 200880007059A CN 200880007059 A CN200880007059 A CN 200880007059A CN 101677640 A CN101677640 A CN 101677640A
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CN101677640B (zh
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M·A·约翰逊
S·G·迈耶
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WL Gore and Associates Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/06Thermally protective, e.g. insulating
    • A41D31/065Thermally protective, e.g. insulating using layered materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02Layered materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • A41D31/085Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A41D31/102Waterproof and breathable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/14Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases
    • A41D31/145Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases using layered materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249981Plural void-containing components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2164Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2213Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

容易打包形成小体积的透气、防水的保护性制品(10),例如衣服、睡袋等。制品(10)由外层(16)、绝缘层(18)和内层(20)构成,外层(16)包括与阻挡层(14)粘合的织物的叠层(12),内层(20)包括空气透过性织物。

Description

可打包的防水绝缘制品
发明领域
本发明涉及透气、防水且容易打包的绝缘保护性制品,例如衣服和睡袋。
发明背景
需要便于打成背包、行李袋或为要求轻型、便携式元件保护的个体准备的其他运输容器的透气、防水、绝缘的用具。
常规的防水或抗水、透气绝缘制品存在诸如以下的问题:大体积,并且在试图滚卷、折叠或以其他方式最大限度地降低制品尺寸以适合打包或其他运输装置时,需要耗费大量时间以去除制品中的空气。例如,常规防水、透气绝缘衣服和睡袋在打包前要求耗费较大量的时间以排出绝缘制品中的空气,即使这样,制品中残留空气的量导致打包体积增加,因而导致其他制品的可利用空间减小。
因此,需要透气、防水且容易打包的绝缘的保护性制品。
发明概述
本发明涉及透气、防水的保护性制品,例如衣服、睡袋等,它们可以在短时间内容易地打包成小体积。制品由外层、绝缘层和内层构成,外层包括与阻挡层粘合的织物的叠层,内层包括空气透过性的织物。
在一个实施方式中,本发明制品由外层、绝缘层和内层构成,外层包含与阻挡层粘合的织物的叠层,该叠层的漏水量等于或小于1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm,内层包含空气透过性的织物。在一个可选的实施方式中,制品外层的空气透过性等于或大于约0.8cfm。在一个可选的实施方式中,制品外层的空气透过性等于或大于约4cfm。
如上所述,制品内层包含空气透过性织物。根据最终制品的所需特征,在一个实施方式中,选择内层使其空气透过性大于外层的空气透过性。
根据所需的制品性能特征,本发明结构的总重可在宽范围变化。本发明制品上每单位面积的材料重量取决于所用组件材料的选择等因素。优选地,本发明制品的材料重量小于40盎司/码2。本发明制品也可制成每单位面积上的重量小于30盎司/码2,甚至小于15盎司/码2。在重量成为使用中的重要因素并且理想结构是较低重量的情况下,可将制品总重调节成等于或小于10盎司/码2,或者等于或小于8盎司/码2,或者甚至等于或小于6盎司/码2
在一些情况下,可能希望制品具有足够的耐久性以耐受重复使用。因此,在本发明的一个实施方式中,本发明制品具有耐久的漏水量,40小时洗涤后测定,等于或小于约1克/H2O。
可用于本发明织物组件的合适的织物结构包括例如:机织、非织造、编织等,根据所需的最终制品的性质,组成可在宽范围变化。诸如尼龙、聚酯、聚氨酯、棉花和其他天然和合成材料等材料在本发明考虑的织物材料的范围内。
叠层的阻挡材料可以是保护膜或薄膜。可选择的材料包括但不限于:聚酯、聚酰胺、聚酮、聚砜、聚碳酸酯、氟聚合物、聚丙烯酸酯、共聚醚酯、共聚醚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯或聚烯烃。膨胀型聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)是一种合适的阻挡层的例子。ePTFE可具有已知方式的亲水或疏水聚合物的涂层。
本发明可使用的合适的绝缘层包括任何合成纤维绝热材料,通常是粘合纤维结构,例如非织造的棉絮等。合适的绝缘层的一种市售例子是由超细微纤维素制成的非织造结构,以商品名
Figure G2008800070596D00021
销售。也考虑在制品内提供绝缘作用的其他相当的材料,包括在本发明的范围内。
本发明新型制品的独特方面在于为提升可包装性提供的所述独特结构。具体说,由于材料的特性,制品可快速且容易打包形成小体积。与现有技术的绝缘制品相比,本发明制品的打包体积意外地小。打包体积可根据本发明制品的组件材料进行调节。例如,在某些实施方式中,可构建打包体积小于约1000英寸3,甚至小于约800英寸3,甚至小于约500英寸3,甚至小到等于或小于300英寸3的衣服。而且,在某些实施方式中,本发明睡袋可被构造成打包体积小于约1000英寸3,甚至小于约800英寸3,甚至小于约600英寸3,甚至小到等于或小于500英寸3的衣服。
附图说明
结合附图进行阅读时将更好地理解上述内容以及下面的发明详述。为了阐述本发明,附图中描绘了目前优选的实施方式。但是,应理解,本发明不限于所示精确排列和结构。附图中:
图1是本发明制品的一种实施方式的截面图。
图2是本发明制品的另一种实施方式的截面图。
发明详述
参见图1,所显为本发明结构的第一种实施方式。具体说,层状结构的制品10包括织物外层12,织物外层12与阻挡层14层叠以形成制品10的外层16。绝缘层18邻近外层16的阻挡层14取向,织物内层20邻近绝缘层18取向。
在本发明的合适结构的另一种实施方式中,如图2所示,层状结构的制品30包括织物外层32,织物外层32与阻挡层34层叠以形成制品30的外层36。绝缘包装40邻近制品外层36取向。绝缘包装40包括在织物内层46和可选的其他织物层44间取向的绝缘层42。应理解,另一种没有其他织物层的绝缘包装的另一种绝缘包装的结构也在本发明所考虑的结构的范围内。可使用任选的绗缝缝线48,有助于在制品组装和使用期间稳定绝缘层。
测量与测试方法
湿气传递速率
根据ASTM E-96,方法B,“Standard Test Method for Water VaporTransmission of Materials(材料湿气传递的标准测试方法)″所定义的方法测试材料。
防水性/抗静压性
根据FED-STD-191A Method 55164定义的方法测试材料。材料性能以测定量的漏水量表示。
耐久的防水性/抗静压性
根据上面对防水性所述进行测试,区别在于用以下方案洗涤材料40小时后进行测试:将样品置于洗衣机中,连续洗涤40小时。
空气透过性
根据ASTM D737-04,“Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of TextileFabrics(纺织品空气透过性的标准测试方法)″中定义的方法测试材料。
打包体积
测试设备包括顶端开口的直径5.5”、厚度1/2”的Lexan圆柱体和柱塞,柱塞能恰好笔直放置在圆柱体中,圆柱体壁是非气密的。从圆柱体中取出柱塞,将测试样品插入圆柱体内,将柱塞置于圆柱体内样品上方。缓慢施加重物直到达到48lbf负荷。重物所取方向不会接触圆柱体侧壁。如果任何重物被快速解除,则该次试验无效。一旦施加所需重物,测定由圆柱体到柱塞底部的距离以获取平均压缩高度。然后从圆柱体中取出样品,抖松后重复进行测试。该测试过程重复5次,数据取均值。柱塞面积(23.76平方英寸)乘以平均压缩高度,计算出压缩后材料的体积。打包体积以平方英寸(in3)表示。
入水压力
采用题为“防水性:静压测试”的标准测试方法AATCC 127-2003的“选项2-静压头测试”测定入水压力。
不希望限制本发明的范围,以下实施例阐述了本发明的制备和使用过程。
实施例
实施例1
构建本发明衣服,其中所述衣服具有外层、绝缘层和内层构成,外层包括织物和阻挡层的叠层,内层包括空气透过性织物。
用尼龙织造织物(型号131907,南卡罗来纳州斯巴达堡的MC公司(Milliken&Company,Spartanburg,SC))和根据美国专利3,953,566的内容制备的膨胀型PTFE的阻挡层构建该实施例的叠层。具体地,一般按照美国专利4,194,041揭示的内容,通过将湿气固化的聚氨酯粘合剂的离散圆点图案凹版印刷到膜上,然后将尼龙织造织物压轧到ePTFE膜,使尼龙织造织物层粘附于膨胀型PTFE层的一面。层压后,用基于氟丙烯酸酯的防水剂处理涂覆叠层的织造尼龙面。该叠层结构的性质如表1所示。
绝缘层包括6盎司/码2多重直径的聚酯短纤维(纽约州奥尔巴尼的PS公司(Primaloft Sport,Primaloft,Albany,NY))。将绝缘层切割成所需尺寸和图案,然后构建衣服。
织物内层包含涂覆耐久的防水剂的1.9盎司/码2、轧光(calendared)、100%尼龙、防破裂(rip-stop)织造织物。
绝缘层和织物内层缝合在一起以防止绝缘层聚酯纤维的迁移。使用常规缝合方法,使绝缘层位于稀纱布和织物内层之间。然后,采用常规裁剪和缝纫服装技术连接和组装上述外层和缝合的绝缘层/织物内层。最终衣服的性质如表2所示。
实施例2
构建本发明睡袋,其中所述睡袋具有外层、绝缘层和内层构成,外层包括织物和阻挡层的叠层,内层包括空气透过性织物。用实施例1所述相同的材料层制备本实施例的睡袋,只是两层叠层中定向更开放的阻挡层具有较重的基于氟丙烯酸酯的防水剂处理涂层。包括两层叠层的外层的性质如表1所示。该实施例的单位面积材料的总重量约为10盎司/码2
使用常规裁剪和缝纫睡袋技术组装睡袋。最终睡袋的性质如表2所示。
实施例3
以类似于实施例2所述方式构建本发明的另一种制品,区别在于所用绝缘层是6盎司/码2的聚酯连续丝(田纳西州克林顿市克莱蒙斯德的CXP公司(Climashield XP,Climashield,Clinton,TN))。所得结构柔软、防水、空气可透过,证实可使用各种形式的绝缘层。
实施例4
以类似于实施例1的方式构建另一种本发明的制品,区别在于用聚酯编织织物(型号758616,南卡罗来纳州斯巴达堡的MC公司(Milliken&Company,Spartanburg,SC))代替用于构建两层叠层的尼龙织造织物,并使用更开放的膨胀型PTFE膜。外层叠层性质如表1所示。
表1-外层叠层性质
  实施例 湿气传递速率(克/米2/24小时) 防水性/抗静压性(初始)\(克H2O)   耐久的防水性/抗静压性(洗涤40小时后)(克H2O) 空气透过性(cfm) 静压WEP(psi)
  1   1084   0   n/a   0.50   >14.2
  2   1084   0   0   0.76   >14.2
  4   n/a   0   n/a   4.6   4.1
表2-组装后的制品性质
实施例   抗静压性(初始)(克H2O)   空气透过性(cfm) 打包体积(英寸3)
  1   0   0.41  294
  2   0   0.46  462
虽然本文阐述和描述了本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明并不限于这些阐述和描述。应理解,改变或改进可在所附权利要求书的范围内包括和体现作为本发明的一部分。

Claims (38)

1.一种制品,其基本上包括:
(a)外层,包括与阻挡材料粘合的织物的叠层,所述叠层的漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm;
(b)绝缘层;和
(c)内层,包括空气透过性织物。
2.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性等于或大于约0.8cfm。
3.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性等于或大于约4cfm。
4.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述内层的空气透过性大于所述外层的空气透过性。
5.如权利要求1所述的制品,所述制品为衣服形式。
6.如权利要求1所述的制品,所述制品为睡袋形式。
7.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的耐久漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O。
8.一种制品,其基本上包括:
(a)外层,包括与阻挡材料粘合的织物的叠层,所述叠层的漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm;和
(b)绝缘包装层,包括在两个空气透过性织物层之间取向的绝缘层,所述绝缘包装层绗缝在一起。
9.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性大于或大于0.8cfm。
10.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性等于或大于约4cfm。
11.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述绝缘包装的织物层各自的空气透过性大于所述外层的空气透过性。
12.如权利要求8所述的制品,所述制品为衣服形式。
13.如权利要求8所述的制品,所述制品为睡袋形式。
14.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的耐久漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O。
15.一种制品,其基本上包括:
(a)外层,包括与阻挡材料粘合的织物的叠层,所述叠层的漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm;
(b)绝缘层;和
(c)内层,包括空气透过性织物,
所述制品的打包体积等于或小于1000立方厘米。
16.如权利要求15所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性大于或大于0.8cfm。
17.如权利要求15所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性等于或大于约4cfm。
18.如权利要求15所述的制品,其特征在于,所述内层的空气透过性大于所述外层的空气透过性。
19.如权利要求15所述的制品,所述制品为衣服形式。
20.如权利要求15所述的制品,所述制品为睡袋形式。
21.如权利要求15所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的耐久漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O。
22.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的重量等于或小于约40克/米2
23.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的重量等于或小于约15克/米2
24.如权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的重量等于或小于约6克/米2
25.一种制品,其基本上包括:
(a)外层,包括与阻挡材料粘合的织物的叠层,所述叠层的漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm;和
(b)绝缘包装层,包括邻近空气透过性织物内层取向的绝缘层,所述绝缘包装层绗缝在一起。
26.如权利要求25所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性大于或大于0.8cfm。
27.如权利要求25所述的制品,其特征在于,所述外层的空气透过性等于或大于约4cfm。
28.如权利要求25所述的制品,其特征在于,所述绝缘包装的织物层各自的空气透过性大于所述外层的空气透过性。
29.如权利要求25所述的制品,所述制品为衣服形式。
30.如权利要求25所述的制品,所述制品为睡袋形式。
31.如权利要求25所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的耐久漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O。
32.一种睡袋,其基本上包括:
(a)外层,包括与阻挡材料粘合的织物的叠层,所述叠层的漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm;
(b)绝缘层;和
(c)内层,包括空气透过性织物,
所述睡袋的打包体积等于或小于1000立方英寸。
33.一种衣服,其基本上包括:
(a)外层,包括与阻挡材料粘合的织物的叠层,所述叠层的漏水量等于或小于约1克/H2O,透气性等于或大于约1000克/米2/24小时,空气透过性等于或大于0.3cfm;
(b)绝缘层;和
(c)内层,包括空气透过性织物,
所述衣服的打包体积等于或小于1000立方英寸。
34.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的重量等于或小于约40克/米2
35.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的重量等于或小于约15克/米2
36.如权利要求8所述的制品,其特征在于,所述制品的重量等于或小于约6克/米2
37.如权利要求32所述的睡袋,其特征在于,所述睡袋的打包体积等于或小于500英寸3
38.如权利要求33所述的衣服,其特征在于,所述衣服的打包体积等于或小于300英寸3
CN2008800070596A 2007-01-25 2008-01-25 可打包的防水绝缘制品 Active CN101677640B (zh)

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US11/627,217 US8575044B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2007-01-25 Packable water resistant insulated articles
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US20080182096A1 (en) 2008-07-31
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