CN101676136A - 8速混合变速器结构 - Google Patents

8速混合变速器结构 Download PDF

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CN101676136A
CN101676136A CN200910174601A CN200910174601A CN101676136A CN 101676136 A CN101676136 A CN 101676136A CN 200910174601 A CN200910174601 A CN 200910174601A CN 200910174601 A CN200910174601 A CN 200910174601A CN 101676136 A CN101676136 A CN 101676136A
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compound planet
power system
line star
planet gear
driving engine
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CN101676136B (zh
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S·H·斯韦尔斯
J·M·马圭尔
A·W·菲利普斯
C·E·凯里
J·B·博尔格森
D·L·杜森贝里
J·M·哈特
S·H·维特科普
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K6/485Motor-assist type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/006Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising eight forward speeds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2012Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with four sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2043Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with five engaging means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

本发明涉及8速混合变速器结构。混合动力系统具有能够用于在混合变速器结构中提供八个向前速度比和一个倒档速度比的多个构件。变速器包括三个行星齿轮组,且具有五个转矩传递装置和四个固定互连件。动力系统包括发动机、阻尼器、泵、发动机断开离合器和驱动马达,均可操作地与变速器连接以提供强的混合操作能力。

Description

8速混合变速器结构
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及具有驱动马达和变速器的混合动力系统,所述变速器带有由五个转矩传递装置控制的四个行星齿轮组,以在混合变速器结构中提供八个向前速度比和一个倒档速度比。
背景技术
[0002]内燃机,尤其是往复活塞型内燃机,在当前推进大多数车辆。这种发动机是将燃料形式的高度集中的能量转换为有用机械功率的相对有效、紧凑、轻质和便宜的机构。能够与内燃机一起使用且能够降低燃料消耗和排放的新式变速器系统对公众是具有很大益处的。
[0003]车辆通常对内燃机提出的各种需求使得燃料消耗和排放增加超出了这种发动机的理想情况。通常,车辆由这种发动机推动,发动机由小电动马达和相对小的电存储蓄电池从冷状态启动,然后快速置于来自于推进和辅助设备的负载下。这种发动机也在宽的速度范围和宽的负载范围内操作且通常在其最大功率输出的约五分之一的平均值下操作。
[0004]车辆变速器通常将来自于发动机的机械功率传输给传动系统的其余部分,如固定式最终传动齿轮、轴和车轮。典型的机械变速器允许发动机操作的一些自由度,通常通过交替选择五个或六个不同的传动比,允许发动机在车辆静止时操作附件的空档选择,以及离合器或变矩器,用于在传动比之间平稳过渡和借助于发动机转动从静止启动车辆。变速器档位选择通常允许以转矩倍增和速度减小的比、以转矩减小和速度倍增的比(称为超速传动)或以倒档比将来自于发动机的功率传输给传动系统的其余部分。
[0005]混合系统可以多种方式改进车辆燃料经济性。例如,发动机可以在怠速时,在减速和制动期间和在低速或轻负载操作期间关闭,以减轻由于发动机阻力引起的效率损失。在这些发动机关闭期间,使用捕获的制动能量(经由再生制动)或在发动机操作期间由用作发电机的马达存储的能量。发动机转矩或功率的瞬时需求在发动机运行电动模式期间由马达补充从而允许减小发动机尺寸而不明显降低车辆性能。此外,对于给定功率需求,发动机可以在最佳效率点处操作或者在最佳效率点附近操作。马达/发电机能够在制动期间捕获车辆动能,用于使发动机关闭更长时间,补充发动机转矩或功率和/或以低发动机转速操作,或补充辅助功率供应。此外,马达/发电机在辅助功率产生方面非常有效且来自于蓄电池的电功率用作可用转矩备用,从而允许以相对低的变速器数值速度比操作。
发明内容
[0006]本发明的优选实施例提供改进的混合动力系统,所述混合动力系统具有驱动马达、阻尼器、起动装置(例如,离合器、变矩器或液力偶合器)和变速器,变速器具有四个行星齿轮组,所述行星齿轮组被控制以提供至少八个向前速度比和至少一个倒档速度比。
[0007]本发明的变速器族具有四个行星齿轮组,所述行星齿轮组中的每个包括第一、第二和第三构件,所述构件可以任何顺序包括太阳轮、齿圈、或行星架组件构件。
[0008]关于本说明书和权利要求书中的第一、第二和第三齿轮组,这些组可以在附图中以任何顺序(即,从左到右,从右到左,等)计数为“第一”至“第三”。此外,每个齿轮组的第一、第二和第三构件可以在附图中以任何顺序(即,从上到下,从下到上,等)计数为每个齿轮组的“第一”至“第三”。
[0009]每个架构件能够是单小齿轮架构件(简单的)或双小齿轮架构件(复合的)。具有长的小齿轮的实施例也是可能的。
[0010]第一互连构件将第一行星齿轮组的第一构件与第二行星齿轮组的第一构件连续地连接。
[0011]第二互连构件将第一行星齿轮组的第二构件与第四行星齿轮组的第三构件连续地连接。
[0012]第三互连构件将第三行星齿轮组的第二构件与第四行星齿轮组的第二构件连续地连接。
[0013]第四互连构件将第二行星齿轮组的第三构件与第三行星齿轮组的第一构件连续地连接。
[0014]输入构件与第二行星齿轮组的第二构件连续地连接。
[0015]输出构件与第四行星齿轮组的第二构件连续地连接。
[0016]第一转矩传递装置(例如制动器)将第一行星齿轮组的第一构件与静止构件(变速器壳体/外壳)选择性地连接。
[0017]第二转矩传递装置(例如制动器)将第一行星齿轮组的第三构件与静止构件(变速器壳体/外壳)选择性地连接。
[0018]第三转矩传递装置(例如离合器)将第二行星齿轮组的第三构件与第四行星齿轮组的第一构件选择性地连接。
[0019]第四转矩传递装置(例如离合器)将第二行星齿轮组的第二构件与第四行星齿轮组的第一构件选择性地连接。
[0020]第五转矩传递装置(例如离合器)将第三行星齿轮组的第三构件与第四行星齿轮组的第一构件选择性地连接。
[0021]所述五个转矩传递装置能以三个组合的形式选择性地接合,以产生至少八个向前速度比和至少一个倒档速度比。
[0022]通过适当地选择行星齿轮组的齿数比能够实现期望输入/输出速度比。
[0023]本发明的上述特征、以及其它特征和优势从用于实施本发明的最佳模式的以下详细说明结合附图显而易见。
附图说明
[0024]图1a是包括根据本发明的行星变速器的动力系统的示意图;
[0025]图1b是描绘图1a所示的动力系统的一些操作特性的真值表和图表;
[0026]图2是图1的动力系统的可选实施例的示意图;
[0027]图3是图1的动力系统的另一实施例的示意图;
[0028]图4是图1的动力系统的另一实施例的示意图;
[0029]图5是图1的动力系统的另一实施例的示意图;
[0030]图6是图1的动力系统的另一实施例的示意图;和
[0031]图7是图1的动力系统的另一实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
[0032]参考附图,图1a示出了动力系统10,动力系统10具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、常规最终传动机构16、驱动马达90、泵92、阻尼器94和断开离合器96。发动机12可以使用各种燃料来提供动力,以改进具体应用的效率和燃料经济性。这种燃料可以包括:例如汽油;柴油;乙醇;二甲醚等。
[0033]行星变速器14包括输入构件17、行星齿轮装置18和与最终传动机构16连续地连接的输出构件19。行星齿轮装置18包括四个行星齿轮组20,30,40和50。
[0034]行星齿轮组20包括太阳轮构件22、齿圈构件24和行星架组件构件26。所述行星架组件构件26包括多个小齿轮27,所述小齿轮27可旋转地安装在架构件29上且以与太阳轮构件22和齿圈构件24两者都啮合的关系设置。
[0035]行星齿轮组30包括太阳轮构件32、齿圈构件34和行星架组件构件36。所述行星架组件构件36包括多个小齿轮37,所述小齿轮37可旋转地安装在架构件39上且以与齿圈构件34和太阳轮构件32两者都啮合的关系设置。
[0036]行星齿轮组40包括太阳轮构件42、齿圈构件44和行星架组件构件46。所述行星架组件构件46包括多个小齿轮47,所述小齿轮47安装在架构件49上且以与齿圈构件44和太阳轮构件42两者都啮合的关系设置。
[0037]行星齿轮组50包括太阳轮构件52、齿圈构件54和行星架组件构件56。所述行星架组件构件56包括多个小齿轮57,所述小齿轮57安装在架构件59上且以与齿圈构件54和太阳轮构件52两者都啮合的关系设置。
[0038]行星齿轮装置也包括五个转矩传递装置80,82,84,85和86。转矩传递装置80和82是静止式转矩传递装置,通常称为制动器或反作用离合器。转矩传递装置84,85和86是旋转式转矩传递装置,通常称为离合器。
[0039]输入构件17与行星齿轮组30的行星架组件构件36连续地连接。输出构件19与行星齿轮组50的行星架组件构件56连续地连接。
[0040]第一互连构件70将行星齿轮组20的太阳轮构件22与行星齿轮组30的太阳轮构件32连续地连接。第二互连构件72将行星齿轮组20的行星架组件构件26与行星齿轮组50的齿圈构件54连续地连接。第三互连构件74将行星齿轮组40的行星架组件构件46与行星齿轮组50的行星架组件构件56连续地连接。第四互连构件76将行星齿轮组30的齿圈构件34与行星齿轮组40的太阳轮构件42连续地连接。
[0041]第一转矩传递装置,如制动器80,将行星齿轮组20的太阳轮构件22与变速器壳体60选择性地连接。第二转矩传递装置,如制动器82,将行星齿轮组20的齿圈构件24与变速器壳体60选择性地连接。第三转矩传递装置,如离合器84,将行星齿轮组30的齿圈构件34与行星齿轮组50的太阳轮构件52选择性地连接。第四转矩传递装置,如离合器85,将行星齿轮组30的行星架组件构件36与行星齿轮组50的太阳轮构件52选择性地连接。第五转矩传递装置,如离合器86,将行星齿轮组40的齿圈构件44与行星齿轮组50的太阳轮构件52选择性地连接。
[0042]图1a的动力系统10包括设置在发动机12之后但是在阻尼器94、泵92、起动装置96(例如,离合器、变矩器或液力偶合器)和行星变速器14之前的马达/发电机90。
[0043]在本发明的范围内的变速器的每个实施例具有电功率源,所述电功率源可操作地连接到马达/发电机,使得马达/发电机可以传递功率给功率源或者从功率源接收功率。控制器或ECU可操作地连接到电功率源,以控制来自于功率源的功率或到功率源的功率的分配。电功率源可以是一个或更多蓄电池。其它电功率源,如燃料电池,能够提供、存储或分配电功率且可以取代蓄电池使用,而不改变本发明的构思。
[0044]现在回到功率源的说明,从前述说明应当清楚且具体参考图1a,变速器14选择性地从发动机12接收功率。混合变速器也从电功率源86接收功率,电功率源86可操作地连接到控制器88。电功率源86可以是一个或更多蓄电池。其它电功率源,如电容器或燃料电池,能够提供、存储或分配电功率且可以取代蓄电池或者与蓄电池结合使用,而不改变本发明的构思。发动机曲轴11和变速器输出轴之间的速度比由离合器80,82,84,85,86,96的状态和行星齿轮组的齿圈/太阳轮齿数比限定。变速器领域技术人员将认识到,通过恰当地选择离合器80,82,84,85,86,96的状态和恰当地选择行星齿轮组20,30,40和50的齿数比能够实现期望输入/输出速度比。
[0045]如图1b所示,且具体地如本文公开的真值表所示,转矩传递装置以三个的组合选择性地接合以提供至少八个向前速度比和至少一个倒档速度比,全部都是单过渡顺序换档。
[0046]图1a所示的实施例以变速器钟形壳体内的最小内容物允许强的混合动力燃料经济性。对发动机启动/停止也提供了非常好的控制,因为马达/发电机90直接连接到发动机曲轴11。
[0047]在图2中,示出了动力系统110,动力系统110具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、最终传动机构16、驱动马达190、泵192、阻尼器194和断开离合器196。驱动马达190设置在发动机12、阻尼器194和断开离合器196之后但是在泵192和行星变速器14之前。行星变速器14与图1a所示相同,因而在此不再重复说明。相同的附图标记在各个实施例中用于指代相同的部件。
[0048]图2的实施例允许强的混合动力燃料经济性,且在变速器钟形壳体内仅仅需要马达190、阻尼器194和断开离合器196。通过断开断开离合器196实现仅电操作。
[0049]在图3中,示出了动力系统210,动力系统210具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、最终传动机构16、驱动马达290、泵292、阻尼器294、发动机断开离合器296和摩擦起动离合器297。在该实施例中,驱动马达290设置在发动机12、阻尼器294和断开离合器296之后但是在泵292、摩擦起动离合器297和行星变速器14之前。
[0050]图3的实施例允许强的混合动力燃料经济性,且通过断开断开离合器296允许仅电操作。起动离合器297被特定地设计用于该目的,与使制动器80,82滑动以进行起动不同。
[0051]参考图4,示出了动力系统310,动力系统310具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、最终传动机构16、驱动马达390、泵392、阻尼器394和断开离合器396。驱动马达390在发动机12、阻尼器394、泵392、断开离合器396和行星变速器14之后连接到输出构件19。
[0052]图4的实施例允许强的混合动力燃料经济性,且通过断开内部变速器离合器允许仅电操作。
[0053]在图5中,示出了动力系统410,动力系统410具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、最终传动机构16、驱动马达490、泵492、液力偶合器(例如变矩器)493、阻尼器494和断开离合器496。也设置变矩器旁路离合器495,以在某些操作条件下改进燃料经济性。
[0054]在图6中,示出了动力系统510,动力系统510具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、常规最终传动机构16、驱动马达590、泵592、阻尼器594和起动装置/断开离合器596。驱动马达590设置在发动机12和断开离合器596之后但是在阻尼器594、泵592和行星变速器14之前。
[0055]在图7中,示出了动力系统610,动力系统610具有常规发动机12、行星变速器14、最终传动机构16、驱动马达690、泵692和阻尼器694。该实施例不包括断开离合器。制动器80,82可用作起动装置。驱动马达590设置在发动机12之后但是在阻尼器694、泵192和行星变速器14之前。
[0056]上述动力系统10,110,210,310,410中的每个可以“电荷消耗模式”操作。为了本发明的目的,“电荷消耗模式”是这样的模式,其中车辆主要由电动马达/发电机提供动力,使得在车辆到达其目的地时蓄电池被耗尽或几乎耗尽。换句话说,在电荷消耗模式期间,发动机12仅仅操作至确保蓄电池在到达目的地之前不被消耗至低于最小许可水平所需要的程度。常规混合动力车辆以“电荷维持模式”操作,其中,如果蓄电池电荷水平下降到预定水平(例如,50%)以下,那么发动机自动运行以给蓄电池重新充电。因而,通过以电荷消耗模式操作,混合动力车辆能够保留在常规混合动力车辆中保持50%蓄电池电荷水平要耗费的燃料中的一些或全部。应当理解的是,如果在到达目的地之后蓄电池能够通过插入到电源而重新充电,那么混合动力车辆动力系统优选仅以电荷消耗模式操作。
[0057]虽然已经详细描述了用于实施本发明的最佳模式,但是本发明所属领域技术人员将认识到在所附权利要求范围内的用于实践本发明的各种可选设计和实施例。

Claims (19)

1.一种混合动力系统,包括:
发动机;
多速变速器,所述变速器具有:
输入构件;
输出构件;
各具有第一、第二和第三构件的第一、第二、第三和第四行星齿轮组;
第一互连构件,所述第一互连构件将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件连续地连接;
第二互连构件,所述第二互连构件将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第三构件连续地连接;
第三互连构件,所述第三互连构件将所述第三行星齿轮组的所述第二构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第二构件连续地连接;
第四互连构件,所述第四互连构件将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述第三行星齿轮组的所述第一构件连续地连接;
五个转矩传递装置,用于将所述行星齿轮组的所述构件与静止构件或者与所述行星齿轮组的其它构件选择性地互连,所述五个转矩传递装置以三个组合的形式接合,以在所述输入构件和所述输出构件之间产生至少八个向前速度比和至少一个倒档速度比;和
与所述多速变速器和发动机可操作地连接的驱动马达、阻尼器和泵。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,其中,所述五个转矩传递装置中的第一个可操作将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件与所述静止构件选择性地连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的动力系统,其中,所述五个转矩传递装置中的第二个可操作将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述静止构件选择性地连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的动力系统,其中,所述五个转矩传递装置中的第三个可操作将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第一构件选择性地连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的动力系统,其中,所述五个转矩传递装置中的第四个可操作将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第一构件选择性地连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的动力系统,其中,所述五个转矩传递装置中的第五个可操作将所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第一构件与所述第三行星齿轮组的所述第三构件选择性地连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,其中,所述五个转矩传递装置中的两个包括制动器,所述五个转矩传递装置中的其余三个包括离合器。
8.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,其中,所述第一、第二、第三和第四行星齿轮组的所述第一、第二和第三构件分别包括太阳轮构件、行星架组件构件和齿圈构件。
9.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,其中,所述输入构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件连续地互连,所述输出构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第二构件连续地互连。
10.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机之后,在所述阻尼器、所述泵和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
11.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括起动装置,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机之后,在所述阻尼器、所述泵、所述起动装置、和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
12.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括起动装置,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机、所述阻尼器和所述起动装置之后,在所述泵和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
13.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括起动装置,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机和所述起动装置之后,在所述泵、所述阻尼器和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
14.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括起动装置,其中,所述驱动马达可操作地连接到所述输出构件,且在所述发动机、所述阻尼器、所述泵、所述起动装置和所述变速器之后。
15.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
断开离合器和起动装置,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机、所述阻尼器和所述断开离合器之后,在所述泵、所述起动装置和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
16.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
断开离合器、液力偶合器和液力偶合器旁路离合器;其中,所述驱动马达可操作地连接在所述发动机、所述阻尼器和所述断开离合器之后,在所述液力偶合器、所述液力偶合器旁路离合器、所述泵、和所述变速器之前。
17.一种混合动力系统,包括:
发动机;
多速变速器,所述变速器具有:
输入构件;
输出构件;
各具有第一、第二和第三构件的第一、第二、第三和第四行星齿轮组;
所述输入构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件连续地互连,所述输出构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第二构件连续地互连;
第一互连构件,所述第一互连构件将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件连续地连接;
第二互连构件,所述第二互连构件将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第三构件连续地连接;
第三互连构件,所述第三互连构件将所述第三行星齿轮组的所述第二构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第二构件连续地连接;
第四互连构件,所述第四互连构件将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述第三行星齿轮组的所述第一构件连续地连接;
第一转矩传递装置,所述第一转矩传递装置将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件与静止构件选择性地连接;
第二转矩传递装置,所述第二转矩传递装置将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述静止构件选择性地连接;
第三转矩传递装置,所述第三转矩传递装置将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第一构件选择性地连接;
第四转矩传递装置,所述第四转矩传递装置将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第一构件选择性地连接;
第五转矩传递装置,所述第五转矩传递装置将所述第三行星齿轮组的所述第三构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述第一构件选择性地连接;
所述五个转矩传递装置以三个组合的形式接合,以在所述输入构件和所述输出构件之间产生至少八个向前速度比和至少一个倒档速度比;
与所述发动机和所述变速器可操作地连接的最终传动机构、驱动马达、泵、阻尼器和起动装置。
18.根据权利要求17所述的动力系统,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机之后,在所述阻尼器、所述泵、所述起动装置、和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
19.根据权利要求17所述的动力系统,其中,所述驱动马达设置在所述发动机、所述阻尼器和所述起动装置之后,在所述泵和所述变速器的所述输入构件之前。
CN2009101746013A 2008-09-16 2009-09-16 8速混合变速器结构 Expired - Fee Related CN101676136B (zh)

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TWI548825B (zh) * 2014-01-20 2016-09-11 國立中山大學 傳動整合系統及其控制方法
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