CN101670448A - Method and device of disposing holes on carbon fiber composite material and meal material which are overlapped - Google Patents
Method and device of disposing holes on carbon fiber composite material and meal material which are overlapped Download PDFInfo
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- CN101670448A CN101670448A CN200910187487A CN200910187487A CN101670448A CN 101670448 A CN101670448 A CN 101670448A CN 200910187487 A CN200910187487 A CN 200910187487A CN 200910187487 A CN200910187487 A CN 200910187487A CN 101670448 A CN101670448 A CN 101670448A
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- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device of disposing high-quality holes on carbon fiber composite material and meal material which are overlapped, belonging to the field of the mechanical processing and manufacturing technology. The method of disposing high-quality holes on the carbon fiber composite material and the meal material which are overlapped is characterized in that in the process of disposing holes on the carbon fiber composite material and the meal material which are overlapped by a device of disposing holes, such as a polycrystalline diamond (PCD), a coating, a cemented carbide bit and a diamond grinding rod, the rotating speed and the feeding speed of a cutter are automatically changed according to the materials on which holes are to be disposed by the hardware triggering or software numerical-control programming control mode of a feeding position sensor set so that the cutter can be in the optical process parameter state. The device of disposing high-quality holes on the carbon fiber composite material and the meal material which are overlapped is characterized by comprising a body, the cutter the handle of the cutter, an electric main shaft, the feeding position sensor set, a vertical feeding sliding-platform, a main shaft variable-frequency speed-regulating system and a hole disposing device numerical control system. The invention realizes the adaptive continuous processing, obviously improves the quality and the processing efficiency of holes disposed integrally on different overlapped materials and lowers the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machining manufacturing technology field, relate to a kind of method and device of realizing carbon fibre composite and the drilling of metal material lamination assembling high-quality.
Background technology
Advanced composite material, particularly carbon fibre composite is widely used in space flight and aviation and the national defence new-type weapon and equipment because of its excellent performance, mechanical hole fabrication processing is made a requisite important step as the carbon fibre composite member, and its machining accuracy and surface quality are to the generation material impacts such as serviceability, reliability and service life of composite element.Usually need to assemble drilling behind the molding component with the carbon fibre composite preparation with titanium alloy component or aluminum alloy part.Because carbon fibre composite, titanium alloy material, aluminum alloy materials three's material character difference is very big, and carbon fibre composite and titanium alloy material are typical difficult-to-machine material, and this has just brought great difficulty for the integrated laminated assembling drilling processing of these materials.
Be generally defectives such as not producing burr when guaranteeing processing carbon fibre composite component hole, generally require the high rotating speed processing of 6000-15000r/min, and when titanium alloy material holed, if the cutter rotating speed is too high, then easily produce the finished surface hardening phenomenon, quicken the wearing and tearing of cutter, the general slow-speed of revolution of boring 200-1000r/min and the low feed speed of 5-15mm/min of recommending, the reasonable penetration rate of aluminum alloy materials is 1000-5000r/min.If employing is same cutter is carried out lamination assembling drilling to the identical technological parameter of the huge material selection of two or more nature difference, then crudy, working (machining) efficiency and cutter life all are difficult to satisfy simultaneously; If only adapt to different rapidoprints by changing feed speed, then crudy, efficient and cutter life still can't reach optimum state.Present for this reason production technology can only be processed it respectively, has so not only reduced production efficiency, and the workpiece location and the rigging position precision of drilling process proposed very high requirement, has strengthened manufacture difficulty and production cost.
In existing patent of invention, mainly concentrate on and invention such as improve on the basis of original device relevant for drilling equipment.For example in patent " drilling equipment " (application number 02148044.3) in order to reduce required time and the cost of drill chuck head of changing drilling equipment, on original drilling machine, improve; In patent " a kind of drilling equipment and drilling feed mechanism " (application number 94192205.7), adopt multistage telescopic feed mechanism to act on the rig, achieve motion at both direction; In patent " armature boring device " (application number 03131534.8), on existing jumbolter, improve, make that it is convenient to change, maintenance.And the pertinent literature report is not arranged at present yet for carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination drilling device.In the patent of invention of boring method, mainly concentrate on aspects such as the invention of drilling tool and improvement, for example interim at periodical " tool technique " the 33rd volume the 2nd, document " the compound brill of novel carbon fiber composite aperture knife tool-electroplated diamond " has been introduced the compound brill of electroplated diamond that is directed to composite processing, this compound brill is made up of the drill bit and the guiding brill of band cone, power in cone and to plate diamond particles, and have two spiral helicine chip dividing grooves of symmetry, rise and hold bits, the chip removal effect, the main effect that guiding is bored is prebored hole, partly play main shear action by the cone diamond coating, the characteristics of this cutter are to have utilized diamond sharp, wear-resisting characteristic, reduce carbon fibre composite and added the defective that produce man-hour, it is different that but guiding was bored with the processing life-span of diamond coating, after guiding is bored blunt, cutting force can significantly increase, and heating is serious, directly influence the life-span of diamond coating, may cause the come off generation of phenomenons such as scaling loss of the coating of cutter, simultaneously, diamond particles is inhomogeneous, the machining accuracy in hole is difficult to guarantee, can't arrive the requirement of workpiece itself, so it is not suitable for the integrated processing in carbon fibre composite hole, particularly can't satisfy the integrated processing of the stacked sub-assembly of composite/metal material simultaneously; Invented a kind of drill bit in patent " drill " (application number 01810736), purpose is to improve bit speed and life-span, reduces production costs.At present report is not still arranged for the carbon fibre composite drill process and with the patent of the stacked drilling of metal material aspect, and the patent research of carbon fibre composite aspect is mainly concentrated the preparation and the application facet of carbon fibre composite, patent " carbon fibre composite and manufacture method thereof " (application number 200410032587.0) for example, utility model " but the water made from carbon fibre composite, helicopter rises and falls in the land " (application number 200620091315.2), U.S. Pat 4360202, US20030054151, US5383062, US6468613, US20040185733 etc.Lamination assembling drilling at carbon fibre composite and metal material, best process strategies is according to different workpiece materials, lathe can change feed speed and drilling rotating speed automatically simultaneously to the reasonable parameter state, but domestic and international existing drilling equipment or lathe all can't satisfy this technological requirement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides enough same process and the devices of the drilling cutter being realized the lamination assembling drilling of carbon fibre composite and titanium alloy or the multiple heterogeneity material of aluminium alloy of a kind of energy, satisfy at the same time under the prerequisite of different materials crudy, enhance productivity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: adopt PCD (composite polycrystal-diamond) or carbide alloy or diamond frotton drilling cutters such as (emery wheels) a kind of can be according to cutter different depth of living in and status requirement change automatically on the drilling device of cutter drilling rotating speed and feed speed and carry out drilling, processing unit (plant) will be according to the gauge of different rapidoprints in the drilling process, the signal that sends by the tool position sensor, or carry out numerical control programming according to the thickness of workpiece size, automatically adjust the rotating speed of drilling tool and the parameter value that feed speed is set extremely in advance, make cutter when different material layers is processed in drilling, can be in optimum process parameters state separately, require the needs of different technological parameters when processing different materials, obtain best crudy and working (machining) efficiency to satisfy.A kind of carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling device are by drilling device body, cutter and handle of a knife, electric main shaft, supplying position sensor groups, vertical feed slide unit, and main shaft frequency conversion speed-adjusting system and drilling device digital control system are formed; Tool feeding position sensor group is installed on the vertical feed slide unit, wherein the position of the quantity of sensor and each sensor increases and decreases according to the lamination quantity of workpiece to be machined and thickness of workpiece and adjusts, cutter drilling campaign is by electric main shaft drives, and tool feeding is moved by the motor-driven on the vertical feed slide unit; In the drilling operation process, signal according to position sensor, corresponding cutter rotating speed of the automatic real time altering of drilling device digital control system and feed speed change cutter drilling rotating speed and feed speed to best drilling parameter state to the parameter value of setting in advance when realizing carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling drilling automatically.
As shown in Figure 2, the drilling device is by device body (comprising: device pedestal 4, horizontal movement slide unit 5, workbench 6, transverse movement slide unit 12, transverse movement motor 13, device column 14, horizontal movement motor 15), drilling cutter 1, handle of a knife 7, electric main shaft 8, supplying position sensor groups 9, vertical feed slide unit 10, vertical feed motor 11, and compositions such as main shaft frequency conversion speed-adjusting system and drilling device digital control system.Drilling cutter 1 is installed on the handle of a knife 7, and handle of a knife 7 is installed on the electric main shaft 8, and electric main shaft is being held on the vertical feed slide unit 10, and vertical feed slide unit 10 makes drilling cutter 1 do the vertical feed campaign under the driving of vertical feed motor 11; Cutter drilling campaign is driven by electric main shaft 8.Tool feeding position sensor group 9 is installed on vertical feed slide unit 10, and wherein the position of the quantity of sensor and each sensor can increase and decrease and adjusts according to the lamination quantity of workpiece to be machined and thickness of workpiece.The signal that sends according to tool feeding position sensor group 9, or carry out numerical control programming according to the thickness of workpiece size, in the drilling operation process by the corresponding cutter rotating speed of drilling device digital control system real time altering and feed speed to the optimum parameter value of setting in advance.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, drilling device digital control system is made up of NC system, servo amplifier, feed servo motor, supplying position sensor groups etc.Servo amplifier drives the rotation of feed servo motor, drives cutter by the transmission mechanisms such as leading screw in the feed motion slide unit again and does the straight-line feed motion.The rotation that the drilling campaign of cutter is controlled electric main shaft by spindle inverters realizes.
The automatic change of drill process parameter can realize by following hardware trigger and two kinds of control modes of software numerical control programming based on the supplying position sensor: under the hardware trigger mode, at first the speed of mainshaft and the tool feeding speed with different workpieces material correspondence is input in the drilling device digital control system; According to the thickness of different workpieces material, adjust the position of each supplying position sensor SQ1～SQ3; By the triggering signal of diverse location sensor, control spindle inverters is as shown in Figure 4 selected the corresponding speed of mainshaft, and the device of drilling simultaneously digital control system correspondingly changes feed speed according to the triggering signal of the diverse location sensor that receives.Under the software digital control scheme, at first the laminated thickness of workpiece different materials, the corresponding speed of mainshaft and tool feeding speed are input in the drilling device digital control system, by programming to digital control system, parameters such as the speed of mainshaft and feed speed when adjusting the different materials drilling in real time realize the drilling processing under the optimal processing parameter.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are:
The present invention is directed to the characteristics and the requirement of carbon fibre composite member and titanium alloy or aluminum alloy materials lamination assembling drilling; adopt the process strategies of cutter variable speed and change feed speed; by adjusting and control the drilling device of the speed of mainshaft and feed speed automatically; realize its automatic processing; thereby making needs to change by shutdown the operation break-down operation of technological parameter originally; be simplified to a drilling operation and just can finish the lamination drilling of different materials; thereby significantly shortened drilling unproductive time, enhanced productivity.How many number of sensors of tool feeding position sensor group and positions can make things convenient for and simple the adjustment according to the lamination quantity and the thickness of machined material, satisfy the drilling operation of different production requirements.Adopt the control mode of digital control system, can significantly improve the automaticity of drilling device, guarantee the stability of bulk article crudy, significantly improve crudy and working (machining) efficiency, reduce production costs and the manufacturing cycle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a multilayer material lamination assembling drilling exemplary plot.
Among the figure: 1 drilling cutter, 2 carbon fibre composites, 3 titanium alloys or aluminium alloy.
Fig. 2 is a kind of carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling drilling schematic diagram of device.
Among the figure: 1 drilling cutter, 4 device pedestals, 5 horizontal movement slide units, 6 workbench, 7 handle of a knifes, 8 electric main shafts, 9 supplying position sensor groups, 10 vertical feed slide units, 11 vertical feed motors, 12 transverse movement slide units, 13 transverse movement motors, 14 device columns, 15 horizontal movement motors.
Fig. 3 is the processing feeding digital control system composition diagram at Fig. 2 drilling device.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that changes machined parameters according to the signal that the supplying position sensor groups is sent.
Fig. 5 is trip sensor switch control principle figure.
The specific embodiment
Be described in detail specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 2 is one embodiment of the present of invention.Be illustrated in figure 2 as a kind of carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling drilling schematic diagram of device.Drilling cutter 1 is installed on the handle of a knife 7, and handle of a knife 7 is installed on the electric main shaft 8, and electric main shaft is being held on the vertical feed slide unit 10, and vertical feed slide unit 10 makes drilling cutter 1 do the vertical feed campaign under the driving of vertical feed motor 11; Cutter drilling campaign is driven by electric main shaft 8.
Shown in accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, drilling device feed motion digital control system is made up of digital control system, servo amplifier, feed servo motor, supplying position sensor groups, feed motion slide unit etc.Servo amplifier drives the rotation of feed servo motor, drives cutter by the transmission mechanisms such as leading screw in the feed motion slide unit again and does the straight-line feed motion.The rotation that the drilling campaign of cutter is controlled electric main shaft by spindle inverters realizes.
In this embodiment, the automatic adjustment of drill process parameter can realize by following hardware trigger and two kinds of control modes of software numerical control: under the hardware trigger mode, at first the speed of mainshaft and the tool feeding speed with different workpieces material correspondence is input in the drilling device digital control system; According to the thickness of different workpieces material, adjust the position of each supplying position sensor SQ1～SQ3; Triggering signal by the diverse location sensor, control spindle inverters is as shown in Figure 4 selected the corresponding speed of mainshaft, the device of drilling simultaneously digital control system correspondingly changes feed speed to the optimum parameter value of setting in advance according to the triggering signal of the diverse location sensor that receives.Under the software digital control scheme, at first the laminated thickness of workpiece different materials, the corresponding speed of mainshaft and tool feeding speed are input in the drilling device digital control system, by the programming to digital control system, the speed of mainshaft and feed speed are to the optimum parameter value of setting in advance when adjusting the different materials drilling in real time.
Claims (2)
1. carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling method for drilling, it is characterized in that: adopt PCD or coating or carbide drill or diamond frotton drilling instrument in carbon fibre composite and titanium alloy or the aluminium alloy lamination boring procedure together, according to hardware trigger or the software numerical control programming control mode of institute's rapidoprint by the supplying position sensor, automatically change cutter drilling rotating speed and feed speed, make cutter when different material layers is processed in drilling, can be in optimum process parameters state separately.
2. carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling device, it is characterized in that: by drilling device body, drilling cutter (1), handle of a knife (7), electric main shaft (8), supplying position sensor groups (9), vertical feed slide unit (10), main shaft frequency conversion speed-adjusting system and drilling device digital control system are formed; Tool feeding position sensor group is installed on the vertical feed slide unit, wherein the position of the quantity of sensor and each sensor increases and decreases according to the lamination quantity of workpiece to be machined and thickness of workpiece and adjusts, cutter drilling campaign is by electric main shaft drives, and tool feeding is moved by the motor-driven on the vertical feed slide unit; In the drilling operation process, signal according to position sensor, corresponding cutter rotating speed of the automatic real time altering of drilling device digital control system and feed speed change cutter drilling rotating speed and feed speed to best drilling parameter state to the parameter value of setting in advance when realizing carbon fibre composite and metal material lamination assembling drilling automatically.
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| CN200910187487A CN101670448A (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2009-09-16 | Method and device of disposing holes on carbon fiber composite material and meal material which are overlapped |
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| CN200910187487A CN101670448A (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2009-09-16 | Method and device of disposing holes on carbon fiber composite material and meal material which are overlapped |
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| CN102756252A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-31 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Method for machining slotted holes on carbon fiber laminated boards |
| CN103338886A (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-10-02 | 克莱斯博士玛帕精密仪器工厂两合公司 | Drilling tool and method for producing drill holes |
| CN103894657A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江大学 | Variable parameter control holing method for laminated structure of aircraft |
| CN104175176A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-03 | 兼房株式会社 | Cutting Machine and control method of the same |
| CN104289738A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-21 | 天津大学 | Laminated structure hole manufacturing online monitoring self-adaptive machining method |
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| CN104289738A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-21 | 天津大学 | Laminated structure hole manufacturing online monitoring self-adaptive machining method |
| CN104289738B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-01-25 | 天津大学 | Laminated structure hole manufacturing online monitoring self-adaptive machining method |
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