A kind of gypsum-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gypsum-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction and preparation method, belong to the little standard width of a room in an old-style house, low residential building combination construction technical field.
Background technology
Traditional little standard width of a room in an old-style house (standard width of a room in an old-style house≤4.2 meter), low layer (number of floor levels≤4 layer, every floor height≤4 meters) combination construction housing construction, generally all be that to build by laying bricks or stones with building block (loam brick, shale brick, cement brick etc.) be load bearing wall, be superstructure with the reinforced concrete girder slab, its number of plies mostly is 2~5 layers, the standard width of a room in an old-style house and mostly is 3m~4.2m, particularly western economically underdeveloped area, the masonry combination construction is the main body of farm building substantially, and its anti-seismic performance is relatively poor.After the reform and opening-up, capital, Tianjin, Shanghai and Yangtze River Delta and Delta of the Pearl River developed area replace the masonry combination construction with reinforced concrete frame structure gradually, but cost are higher relatively, China is vast in territory, and masonry is that the combination construction of main load-bearing still has certain application prospect.But cost is higher, construction is cumbersome and will use problem such as part clay resource owing to exist, and therefore the structure and the preparation method of the existing little standard width of a room in an old-style house, the housing construction of low layer masonry still are not ideal enough.Particularly there are a large amount of industrial solid waste residues in China, is badly in need of turning waste into wealth, and is converted into as ardealite and desulfurated plaster to be used.And the technology of existing masonry building, low residential building can not satisfy the needs of people's lives, does not also meet the requirement of relevant " sustainable development " policy of country.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: provide a kind of integrality performance of the structure better, at the bottom of the cost, construction easily, energy-saving effect gypsum-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction and preparation method preferably, with existing industrial waste-phosphorus slag of abundant digestion and desulfurization stone flour, reach the purpose that " industrial solid waste residue resource " turned waste into wealth, thereby overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved in that the preparation method of a kind of gypsum of the present invention-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction is, adopt ardealite, the desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris are as the wall body building material of housing construction, wall body building material is ground into behind the powdery to stir with water forms flowable slurries, then after needs are made two edge-on side forms of load bearing wall or body of wall position cast on-site form housing construction load bearing wall or outside body of wall or body of wall, and employing ardealite, the desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris are produced the gypsum template of casting reinforced concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure in advance, after the load bearing wall of cast-in-site or body of wall reach superstructure absolute altitude place, adopt the cast template of prefabricated gypsum template as casting reinforced concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure, and cast out steel concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure at the scene, make the gypsum template and water the reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor of making and connect as one, thereby forming with the gypsum template is the reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor of permanent template, and can obtain a kind of like this is one of main material with gypsum, the gypsum of in-situ casting-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction.
In the wall body building material of ardealite, desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris, be added with phosphorous slag micropowder, hydrated lime in powder, sour water reducing agent and glass fiber as admixture; The weight portion of each admixture that adds in the wall body building material of 100 parts of weight portions is respectively: 15~35 parts of phosphorous slag micropowders, 1~10 part of hydrated lime in powder, 0.1~4 part of sour water reducing agent, 1~10 part of glass fiber.
In housing construction, be provided with constructional column, the cast-in-situs gypsum load bearing wall or outside the superstructure position of body of wall, be furnished with the cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete collar tie beam, this reinforced concrete circle beam and reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor and constructional column are connected as a single entity, can when having improved the building structure globality, also improve the anti-seismic performance of structure like this.
Housing construction is 1~4 layer low-rise building.
A kind of gypsum-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving the housing construction of Zhi Zuoing is as stated above, the load bearing wall of this housing construction, outer body of wall or body of wall are made up of the gypsum wall that adopts ardealite, desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris to make, on the gypsum wall of every floor, be connected with reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor, and the gypsum template arranged at the bottom surface of reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor build-in.
On the edge of gypsum template, be provided with the chimb that can imbed in the reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor.
As load bearing wall or outside body of wall gypsum wall door, window opening mouth place is provided with precast lintel.
Infall between gypsum wall is provided with the constructional column that steel concrete is made, and gypsum wall is provided with cast-in-place reinforced concrete circle beam, and reinforced concrete circle beam and reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor and constructional column connect as one.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention is with traditional little standard width of a room in an old-style house, the housing construction of the combination construction that low layer brickwork and concrete beam plate are formed, change into the ardealite that obtains with after " industrial solid waste residue resource ", the desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris are as one of main material of building, ardealite and desulfurated plaster that " industrial solid waste residue resource " transformed replace traditional masonry load bearing wall, adopt in-situ casting gypsum slurries (ardealite, desulfurated plaster or plaster of paris slurries) formation gypsum bearing wall, replace the new structure and new preparation method of traditional masonry way with the in-situ casting moulding, form gypsum-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction.、
The experiment proved that the compressive strength of ardealite and desulfurated plaster cast-in-situ wall has reached MU7 (70kg/cm
2), the initial setting time is in 30 minutes.The present invention is with the operation of building by laying bricks or stones of one another of in-situ casting replacement brickwork, and not only construction is simple, quick, and the construction cost reduction, thereby is that (2.7m~4.2m) construction of housing construction opens up a new way the little standard width of a room in an old-style house of low layer (2 layers~4 layers).Because the coefficient of thermal conductivity of gypsum is low, have building physics indexs such as good insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation, therefore adopt the present invention can build the low residential building that a kind of cost is low, construction is simple, have good energy saving effect; Adopting the present invention can make full use of industrial waste is the economic construction service, has opened up an important channel in particular for the farm building of transforming traditional masonry combination construction.
The building of the present invention and conventional little standard width of a room in an old-style house masonry combination construction relatively has following advantage:
1, structural integrity is better than conventional masonry structure;
2, construction technology is simpler than conventional masonry, and is workable;
3, construction cost is lower than conventional masonry structure 7%~10%;
4, the building energy conservation effect is better than conventional masonry structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a facade structures schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view that gypsum template of the present invention and reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor forever link together;
Fig. 4 is for embedding the plaster mold plated construction schematic diagram of superstructure bottom.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but not as the foundation of the present invention being done any restriction.
Embodiments of the invention: at the building standard width of a room in an old-style house is 2.7 meters~4.2 meters, when the number of plies is 1~4 layer little standard width of a room in an old-style house housing construction, adopt the preparation method of a kind of gypsum of the present invention-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction to construct, both after elder generation's job practices Ground Treatment and basis routinely, adopt ardealite, the desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris are as the wall body building material of housing construction, wall body building material adopts packed land plaster in the present embodiment, packed land plaster and water are stirred the flowable slurries of formation, then after needs are made two edge-on side forms of load bearing wall or body of wall position, cast-in-site goes out the load bearing wall of housing construction, outer body of wall or body of wall, when cast load bearing wall or body of wall, can adopt conventional punching block, wooden model or bamboo offset plate are as cast template, treating after the initial set (about 15 minutes~30 minutes) can form removal, and then continues the next stage construction; Adopt ardealite, the desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris are produced the gypsum template of casting reinforced concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure in advance, after the load bearing wall of cast-in-site or body of wall reach superstructure absolute altitude place, adopt the cast template of prefabricated gypsum template as casting reinforced concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure, and cast out steel concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure at the scene, make the gypsum template and water the reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor of making and connect as one, thereby forming with the gypsum template is the reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor of permanent template, and can obtain a kind of like this is one of main material with gypsum, the gypsum of in-situ casting-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction.
In order to make body of wall reach better intensity, can in as ardealite, desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris material of wall body building material, add phosphorous slag micropowder, hydrated lime in powder, sour water reducing agent and glass fiber as admixture; The addition of its admixture weight portion can be controlled by the amount that adds 15~35 parts of phosphorous slag micropowders, 1~10 part of hydrated lime in powder, 0.1~4 part of sour water reducing agent, 1~10 part of glass fiber in the wall body building material of 100 parts of weight portions, can make like this compressive strength of gypsum wall reach general standard brick intensity Mu7 or more than.
In order to make housing construction have higher anti-seismic performance, can in housing construction, be provided with constructional column, superstructure position at cast-in-situs gypsum load bearing wall or body of wall, be furnished with the cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete collar tie beam, this reinforced concrete circle beam and reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor and constructional column are connected as a single entity, can when having improved the building structure globality, also improve the anti-seismic performance of structure like this.
A kind of gypsum-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction of making according to method of the present invention is, the load bearing wall of this housing construction, outer body of wall or body of wall are made up of the gypsum wall 1 that adopts ardealite, desulfurated plaster or the plaster of paris to make, on the gypsum wall 1 of every floor, be connected with reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2, and gypsum template 3 arranged at the bottom surface of reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2 build-in; When prefabricated gypsum template 3, on its edge, produce the chimb 3-1 that can imbed in the reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2 simultaneously, when making reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2, can make plaster mold plate 3 permanent build-ins in reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2 like this; When pouring gypsum wall 1, gypsum wall 1 each, the window opening mouth above a precast lintel 6 all is set; When needing housing construction to have higher anti-seismic performance, the constructional column 4 that steel concrete is made can be set at the infall between the gypsum wall 1, the setting of constructional column 4 and making can be undertaken by traditional approach, the cast-in-place reinforced concrete circle beam 5 of producing on gypsum wall 1 then, adopt gypsum template 3 to go out steel concrete cross-ribbed large panel superstructure 2 as the cast template cast-in-site, the structure of reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2 is made by traditional approach, reinforced concrete circle beam 5 and reinforced concrete ribbed groined slab floor 2 and constructional column 4 are connected as one, obtain gypsum of the present invention-concrete mixed structure energy-conserving housing construction thereby make.