CN101660093A - Hot-rolling stamping axle housing steel for automobile with 510Mpa-grade tensile strength and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hot-rolling stamping axle housing steel for automobile with 510Mpa-grade tensile strength and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101660093A CN101660093A CN200910063835A CN200910063835A CN101660093A CN 101660093 A CN101660093 A CN 101660093A CN 200910063835 A CN200910063835 A CN 200910063835A CN 200910063835 A CN200910063835 A CN 200910063835A CN 101660093 A CN101660093 A CN 101660093A
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Abstract
The invention relates to hot-rolling stamping axle housing steel for an automobile with 510Mpa-grade tensile strength and a preparation method thereof. The axle housing steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.12-0.20 percent of C, 0.20-0.60 percent of Si, 1.20-1.60 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of S, 0.01-0.06 percent of Als, 0.005-0.030 percent of Ti and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The axle housing steel has high strength, excellent stamping and forming properties and good welding performance, is suitable for hot-rolling forming process and a cold-stamping forming process, and has small rebound during stamping to form and excellent shape keeping performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel and preparation method thereof, the particularly automobile of tensile strength 510MPa level hot rolling stamping axle housing steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Back axle is one of primary member of running car system, each assembly weight that its support frame and vehicle frame are later, each parts in its protection transmission system simultaneously.Development and the energy-conservation needs of automobile loss of weight along with the vehicle bridge manufacturing technology, particularly for the driving back axle of cargo truck, use the hot continuous-milling steel plate of 12～16mm thickness make to dash weldering axle housing body, replaced complex manufacturing technology, production efficiency is on the low side, heavy, casting bridge shell body that cost is higher.
Aspect the making of cargo truck driving back axle, the shape of its axle housing body and constructional feature have determined material therefor desired strength height, press formability is good and have good welding property.The heat pressure forming process flow process is: cutting stock (gas cutting) → heating in medium frequency (3min, 900 ℃) → hot compacting → cleaning (deoiling) → shot-peening → welding.Cold-press moulding technology is to save in heat pressure forming process towards preceding preheating procedure, the thermal fatigue damage that has reduced energy consumption and alleviated mould.
Present domestic high-strength vehicle dashes the weldering axle housing and still belongs to blank with hot-rolled steel sheet, does not have special-purpose steel grade and respective standard, and automobile factory have to use some substitute materials, as 16MnL, 09SiVL, 08Ti, T52 etc.Because these materials are steel for automobile crossbeam, the hot-rolled steel sheet of producing 10mm and following thickness in enormous quantities is used to make automobile frame, and its high strength inductile feature can not satisfy the drawing requirement of axle housing complexity.Therefore, with respect to 12～16mm thickness dash the weldering axle housing steel, the technical qualification of dispatching from the factory differ greatly, and cause to have more problems such as part forming low precision, scrap rate height, Sheet Metal Forming Technology complexity, raw materials consumption are big in the production.These steel through drawing, be welded-easy to crack after the shaping, have a strong impact on the quality and the work-ing life of product.Therefore, each automobile factory's an urgent demand development high-strength vehicle axle housing steel series is to satisfy the different requirements of various vehicles to mechanical property, thickness specification.
The hot-rolled steel sheet that the housing of cargo truck driving back axle adopts 12～16mm thickness mostly is through hot press-formed, and the housing of two drawings is through the synthetic back axle of soldering group.During the housing drawing, steel plate will bear very big bending and tympanites viscous deformation, therefore requires steel plate to have good drawing performance and higher unit elongation.Because composition cargo truck back axle need pass through welding sequence, therefore requires the welding property of steel plate good, simultaneously owing to stand under load, weld seam and heat affected zone require to have higher intensity and toughness, thereby the safety of assurance automobile is with reliable.If steel plate can be realized cold stamping and be shaped, can further reduce production costs, improve the fatigue lifetime of rear axle assy greatly.Therefore, tensile strength 510MPa level automobile with the performance requriements of hot rolling stamping axle housing steel is: lower yield strength R
EL〉=345MPa; Tensile strength R
mBe 510～610MPa; Elongation A 〉=24%; Wide clod wash (180 ° of b=35mm, bendings) is functional.
Summary of the invention
One of technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of tensile strength 510MPa level automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel is provided, this automobile has high strength and good press formability with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, good welding performance, be applicable to hot press-formed technology, also be applicable to cold punching forming process, resilience is little during drawing, shape-holding property is good.
Two of technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the preparation method of a kind of tensile strength 510MPa level automobile with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel is provided, the automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel that this preparation method produces, under hot-rolled state, have high intensity, thin crystal grain, good press formability and welding property, be applicable to hot press-formed technology, also be applicable to cold punching forming process, resilience is little during drawing, shape-holding property is good.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted:
A kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C 0.12～0.20%, Si0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als 0.01～0.06% and Ti 0.005～0.030%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
A kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C 0.12～0.20%, Si0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als 0.01～0.06%, Ti0.005～0.030% and Cu≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
A kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C 0.12～0.20%, Si0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als 0.01～0.06%, Ti0.005～0.030% and Ni≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
A kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C 0.12～0.20%, Si0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als 0.01～0.06%, Ti0.005～0.030% and Cr≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The above-mentioned automobile preparation method of hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, it comprises hot-rolled step, in the hot-rolled step, 1160～1200 ℃ of continuous casting steel billet Heating temperatures, 1040～1080 ℃ of roughing temperature outs, 810～850 ℃ of finishing temperatures, 580～620 ℃ of coiling temperatures.
In the such scheme, the band steel after the finish to gauge batches after laminar flow cooling, laminar flow refrigerative coolant water temperature＜35 ℃, speed of cooling 〉=20 ℃/s.
It is main and auxiliary low alloy steel with the titanium elements microalloying with carbon and manganese solution strengthening element that automobile of the present invention adopts a kind of with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, under hot-rolled state, have high intensity, thin crystal grain, good press formability and welding property, be applicable to hot press-formed technology, also be applicable to cold punching forming process, resilience is little during drawing, shape-holding property is good.
In the chemical ingredients of automobile of the present invention with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel:
Carbon is cheap solution strengthening element.If its content surpasses 0.20%, then press formability and weldability can reduce; If its content, then can not satisfy the requirement of hot press-formed back to the strength of materials less than 0.12%, so, its content is limited to 0.12～0.20% scope.
Silicon is cheap and effective steel liquid deoxidation element.In order to keep strength of parent, to carry out pre-deoxidation and add, if its content, then can not be brought into play its effect less than 0.20%; If its content surpasses 0.60%, then can worsen the surface quality and the welding property of hot-rolled steel sheet, so, its content is limited to 0.20～0.60% scope.
Manganese is to improve the effective elements of intensity and toughness.But add the manganese of volume, can cause increasing the hardening capacity of steel,, Given this, will be defined as 1.60% on it owing to the appearance of welding hardened layer is increased crack sensitivity, so, its content is limited to 1.20～1.60% scopes.
Phosphorus: worsen for fear of welding property, drawing performance, toughness, suitability for secondary processing, setting its upper content limit is 0.030%.
Sulphur is very deleterious element.Sulphur in the steel often exists with the oxide morphology of manganese, and this sulfide inclusion is very disadvantageous to the impelling strength of steel, and causes the anisotropy of performance, therefore, needs to control sulphur content in the steel low more good more.Based on consideration, plan that sulphur content is controlled at below 0.008% in the steel to steel plate process for stamping and forming and manufacturing cost.
Aluminium adds for deoxidation, when Als contains quantity not sufficient 0.01%, can not bring into play its effect; On the other hand, form the aluminum oxide agglomerate easily owing to add the aluminium of volume, so, be limited to 0.06% on the regulation Als.Therefore, Als content is limited to 0.01～0.06% scope.
But the AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING that titanium crystal grain thinning and improve the strength and toughness of steel, and favourable to welding property, the titanium nitride that generates in the steel produce during to welding heating prevents effect.When it contains quantity not sufficient 0.005%, can not bring into play its effect; On the other hand, when the titanium of adding is too much, then can cause toughness to worsen, so stipulate to be limited to 0.030% on it owing to generating superfluous titanium carbide.So, its content is limited to 0.005～0.030% scope.
Except the scope of above chemical ingredients having been done qualification, in order further to improve weldability, the economy of steel, in the chemical ingredients of automobile of the present invention with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, the content of Cu, Ni, Cr all should be controlled at below 0.30%.
Preparation method's of the present invention hot-rolled step, accumulated deformation control is depressed in the control of realization reheat original austenite structure refinement, roughing deformed austenite recrystallize refinement control, finish rolling greatly, the automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel of producing, under hot-rolled state, have high intensity, thin crystal grain, good press formability and welding property, be applicable to hot press-formed technology, also be applicable to cold punching forming process, resilience is little during drawing, shape-holding property is good.
In addition, the present invention adopts the band steel after the finish to gauge to batch after the laminar flow cooling, adopts the leading portion type of cooling that is:, coolant water temperature＜35 ℃, the control of refrigerative structure refinement is realized quickening in speed of cooling 〉=20 ℃/s, further improves the press formability and the welding property of steel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a steel plate metallographic microstructure photo
Embodiment
Tensile strength 510MPa level automobile of the present invention is as shown in table 1 with hot rolling press axle housing steel chemical composition,
Table 1: the melting chemical composition of product (wt.%)
| ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??P | ??S | ??Als | ??Ti |
| ??0.12～ ??0.20 | ??0.20～ ??0.60 | ??1.20～ ??1.60 | ??≤ ??0.030 | ??≤0.008 | ??0.01～ ??0.06 | ??0.005～ ??0.030 |
The chemical ingredients of the embodiment of the invention 1～6 is as shown in table 2, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Table 2: the chemical ingredients of steel of the present invention (wt.%)
| Embodiment | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??P | ??S | ??Als | ??Ti | ??Ca | ??Cu | ??Ni | ??Cr |
| ??1 | ??0.170 | ??0.426 | ??1.499 | ??0.017 | ??0.0070 | ??0.028 | ??0.013 | ??0.0010 | ??0.039 | ??0.013 | ??0.015 |
| ??2 | ??0.165 | ??0.416 | ??1.498 | ??0.017 | ??0.0070 | ??0.029 | ??0.013 | ??0.0018 | ??0.029 | ??0.011 | ??0.014 |
| ??3 | ??0.156 | ??0.404 | ??1.457 | ??0.015 | ??0.0060 | ??0.024 | ??0.012 | ??0.0016 | ??0.024 | ??0.010 | ??0.014 |
| ??4 | ??0.162 | ??0.420 | ??1.467 | ??0.013 | ??0.0070 | ??0.036 | ??0.013 | ??0.0014 | ??0.024 | ??0.010 | ??0.013 |
| ??5 | ??0.162 | ??0.456 | ??1.508 | ??0.012 | ??0.0020 | ??0.039 | ??0.018 | ??0.0013 | ??0.049 | ??0.014 | ??0.014 |
| ??6 | ??0.159 | ??0.482 | ??1.499 | ??0.013 | ??0.0010 | ??0.045 | ??0.016 | ??0.0018 | ??0.041 | ??0.012 | ??0.014 |
The technological process of production is: desulfurizing iron → converter smelting → ladle furnace (silico-calcium processing) → continuous casting → finishing (slab inspection and cleaning) → slab heating → hot continuous rolling → laminar flow cools off → batches → finishing → check delivery.
Be specially: the hot rolling press axle housing is as follows with the production method of steel: carry out top bottom blowing in 250 tons of converters of steelworks, adopt the desulfurizing iron technology, make S≤0.005% in the molten iron; Tapping began to add iron alloy at 1/3 o'clock behind the stove, tapped to add in 2/3 o'clock to finish the alloying order: ferrosilicon → ferromanganese, use to add the aluminium machine and add aluminum steel and carry out final deoxygenation; Composition requirement according to target (0.005～0.030%) added ferrotianium when ladle furnace carried out liquid steel refining, and carry out silico-calcium and handle (steel feeding CaSi line 700～800 grams per ton, feeding wire speed 250～300m/min), make chemical ingredients in the steel satisfy the requirement (actual constituent sees Table 2) of table 1, surplus is Fe and inevitably is mingled with; Again the pouring molten steel of composition shown in the table 2 is become the slab of 230～250mm * 1300～1700mm section.
Then slab is delivered to hot rolling mill, preparation method of the present invention comprises hot-rolled step, on the 2250mm milling train, (thickness is 1160～1200 ℃ of 210～250mm) Heating temperatures to continuous casting steel billet, 1040～1080 ℃ of roughing temperature outs, thickness after the roughing is 40～60mm, 810～850 ℃ of finishing temperatures, (thickness is 12～16mm) to batch laminar flow refrigerative coolant water temperature＜35 ℃ after laminar flow cooling to the band steel after the finish to gauge, speed of cooling 〉=20 ℃/s, 580～620 ℃ of coiling temperatures.Cutting plate when rolled iron twists in finishing, and further control plate shape well, finally obtain the hot continuous-milling steel plate of 12～16mm.
The mechanical property test of steel of the present invention the results are shown in table 3, and from the performance that table 3 reflects, thickness is that the hot-rolled sheet of each composition of 12～16mm can both satisfy the manufacturing requirement that automobile dashes the weldering axle housing.The microstructure of steel plate is ferrite+perlite, and grain fineness number is 12 grades.See Fig. 1 for details.
Table 3: the mechanical property of product
The product performance assessment:
Carried out the research of mechanical property, low-temperature flexibility and the welding property etc. of product.Stretching that carry out in the laboratory and cold bending test result show, automobile of the present invention has higher intensity and high unit elongation with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, and the performance inconsistency of vertical and horizontal is little, and (intensity only fluctuates 5～10MPa), and has a good cold shaping performance, even (the delivery standard is that α=1.5a), it is qualified that its result is when the flexual center diameter is d=a and d=0.5a.
The normalizing test-results shows, after the steel plate employing is hot press-formed, the lower yield strength 55MPa (dropping to 355MPa) that descended by 410MPa, the tensile strength 25MPa (dropping to 525MPa) that descended by 550MPa, but its intensity level has still reached the requirement of axle housing with steel yield strength 〉=345MPa, tensile strength 〉=510MPa.-60 ℃ ballistic work of the longitudinal test piece of as-normalized condition steel plate is 44.7J, and low-temperature flexibility is good, can guarantee that fully the cargo truck back axle uses safely under cold condition.
Can find out from normal temperature to-100 ℃ series of temperatures Impulse Test Result,-40 ℃ impact of collision merit Ak is 149J, be far longer than the level of required value 27J, the fracture fiber percentage of-40 ℃ longitudinal test piece is 95%, brittle transition temperature shows that below-40 ℃ this steel has good low-temperature flexibility.
Adopt the WER60 welding wire at CO
2Weld under the gas shield; welding joint-40 a ℃ ballistic work is not less than 49J; strength of welded joint (lower yield strength is that 525MPa, tensile strength are 615MPa) is higher than steel substrate; the welding joint cold-bending property is good; welding joint hardness value suitable (HV10 is 200～161) does not have obviously sclerosis and ruckbildung.Adopt WGX1 welding wire and CHF101 solder flux to carry out the union-melt weld test, the welding joint ballistic work is not less than 50J in the time of-40 ℃, and the weld seam ballistic work is not less than 89J, and strength of welded joint (tensile strength is 550MPa) is higher than steel substrate, and the welding joint cold-bending property is good.Show that automobile of the present invention has good welding property with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, the gas of selecting for use is protected weldering and welding wire for submerged-arc welding satisfies the welding technique requirement.
Adopt automobile of the present invention to drive the back axle shell with hot rolling stamping axle housing steel production load-carrying car, being shaped to be improved to by hot pressing has following advantage behind the cold-press moulding:
1. the intensity of having avoided preheating (about 900 ℃ of temperature) to cause descends;
2. improved the tired life-span of the total one-tenth of bridge shell;
3. eliminated the heat fatigue damage of mould;
4. greatly reduce energy consumption;
5. improved work on the spot condition and the workman intensity of working.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, it is characterized in that: its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C0.12～0.20%, Si 0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als0.01～0.06% and Ti 0.005～0.030%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2, a kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, it is characterized in that: its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C0.12～0.20%, Si 0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als0.01～0.06%, Ti 0.005～0.030% and Cu≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3, a kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, it is characterized in that: its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C0.12～0.20%, Si 0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als0.01～0.06%, Ti 0.005～0.030% and Ni≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
4, a kind of automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, it is characterized in that: its chemical ingredients and weight percent content are: C0.12～0.20%, Si 0.20～0.60%, Mn 1.20～1.60%, P≤0.030%, S≤0.008%, Als0.01～0.06%, Ti 0.005～0.030% and Cr≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
5, as the preparation method of automobile as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 with the hot rolling stamping axle housing steel, it is characterized in that: it comprises hot-rolled step, in the hot-rolled step, 1160～1200 ℃ of continuous casting steel billet Heating temperatures, 1040～1080 ℃ of roughing temperature outs, 810～850 ℃ of finishing temperatures, 580～620 ℃ of coiling temperatures.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the band steel after the finish to gauge batches after laminar flow cooling, laminar flow refrigerative coolant water temperature＜35 ℃, speed of cooling 〉=20 ℃/s.
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| CN102864377A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-09 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Hot rolled strip steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103215510A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-07-24 | 龙岩盛丰机械制造有限公司 | Novel automobile axle housing and preparation method thereof |
| CN104962812A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Hot-continuous-rolled axle housing steel with favorable plate shape and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106282791A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Low internal stress steel plate for automobile axle housing and production method thereof |
| CN107000020A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-08-01 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The manufacture method and hot press-formed article of hot press-formed article |
| CN107385136A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-11-24 | 宝钢集团新疆八钢铁有限公司 | Axle housing steel BQK580 precipitate control methods |
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| CN113957355A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Axle housing steel for 510 MPa-level hot stamping and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102864377B (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2015-05-20 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Hot rolled strip steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102864377A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-09 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Hot rolled strip steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103215510A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-07-24 | 龙岩盛丰机械制造有限公司 | Novel automobile axle housing and preparation method thereof |
| US10626477B2 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2020-04-21 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method for manufacturing hot press formed part and hot press formed part |
| CN107000020A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-08-01 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The manufacture method and hot press-formed article of hot press-formed article |
| CN107000020B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2019-09-06 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The manufacturing method and hot press-formed article of hot press-formed article |
| CN104962812A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Hot-continuous-rolled axle housing steel with favorable plate shape and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106282791A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Low internal stress steel plate for automobile axle housing and production method thereof |
| CN106282791B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-07-06 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Low internal stress steel plate for automobile axle housing and its production method |
| CN107385136A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-11-24 | 宝钢集团新疆八钢铁有限公司 | Axle housing steel BQK580 precipitate control methods |
| CN108588550A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-28 | 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 | A kind of hot rolling press axle housing steel plate and its production method |
| CN112011726A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-fatigue-performance high-strength cold stamping steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112011726B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-06-28 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-fatigue-performance high-strength cold stamping steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113957355A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Axle housing steel for 510 MPa-level hot stamping and preparation method thereof |
| CN113832407A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2021-12-24 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of thick hot forming steel, hot rolled steel plate and hot forming steel |
| CN113832407B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-22 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of thick hot forming steel, hot rolled steel plate and hot forming steel |
| CN115679208A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-02-03 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | 1500Mpa grade cold-hard hot forming steel and production method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20100303 |