CN102383034B - Steel for 13-dwt vehicle axle housing and production method thereof - Google Patents
Steel for 13-dwt vehicle axle housing and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to steel for 13-dwt vehicle axle housing and a production method thereof. The steel comprises the following chemical components by weight: 0.04%-0.08% of C, 0.10%-0.60% of Si, 1.3%-1.45% of Mn, not more than 0.025% of P, not more than 0.08% of S, 0.01%-0.06% of Al, 0.04%-0.06% of Nb, 0.03%-0.05% of Ti, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; The preparation method comprises the following steps: converter smelting; vacuum treatment; continuous casting; casting blank heating; rough rolling; finish rolling by a 7 frame; cooling with laminar flow; coiling. Because of the low carbon content of the steel of the invention, the steel has excellent stamping performance and welding performance, has a stable dimension after cold forming, and completely meets the requirements for manufacturing and application of 13-dwt vehicle axle housing. Through bench tests of the manufactured 13-dwt vehicle axle housing assembly, the product has excellent vertical bending fatigue life, vertical bending rigidity, and vertical bending static strength, and completely meets the requirements of users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel and production method for tow tractor, specifically 13 tonnes of axle shells steel and production methods.
Background technology
Vehicle bridge be whole be one of the primary member of running car system, each assembly weight that its support frame and vehicle frame are later, simultaneously each parts in its protection transmission system.Axle housing in vehicle bridge industry is manufactured field, has punching weldering axle housing and two kinds of distinct Manufacturing Method of Products of casting bridge shell.Development and the energy-conservation needs of automobile loss of weight along with axle housing manufacturing technology, particularly for the driving axle housing of cargo truck, use the hot continuous-milling steel plate of 12～16mm thickness to make punching weldering axle housing, replaced complex manufacturing technology, production efficiency is on the low side, heavy, cost is higher casting bridge shell body.
Aspect the making of cargo truck driving axle housing, the shape of its axle housing body and constructional feature have determined that material therefor desired strength is high, press formability is got well and have good welding property.Heat pressure forming process flow process is: cutting stock (gas cutting) → heating in medium frequency (3min, 900 ℃) → hot compacting → cleaning (deoiling) → shot-peening → welding.Cold-press moulding technique is in heat pressure forming process, to save the front preheating procedure of punching, has reduced energy consumption and the Thermal Fatigue Damage that has alleviated mould.
Two stamping housings are through the synthetic back axle of soldering group.When housing is stamping, steel plate will bear very large bending and tympanites viscous deformation, therefore requires steel plate to have good stamping performance and higher unit elongation.Owing to forming load carrier rear axle, need to pass through welding sequence, therefore require the welding property of steel plate good, simultaneously due to stand under load, weld seam and heat affected zone require to have higher intensity and toughness, thereby the safety that guarantees automobile is with reliable.If steel plate can be realized cold stamping, be shaped, can further reduce production costs, greatly improve the fatigue lifetime of rear axle assy; And because the carbon content of existing substitute technology is relatively high, if China Patent Publication No. is the patent documentation of CN1017013A, CN101660093, it is because carbon content is higher, not only difficulty is large to cause formability, to the automobile component for complicated, must pass through the tolerance range of its formability of heating guarantee, otherwise, size after moulding and shape easily produce fluctuation, can not meet user's requirement.
Current domestic high-strength vehicle punching weldering axle housing does not have special-purpose steel grade and respective standard with hot-rolled steel sheet, and automobile factory have to be used some substitute materials, as 16MnL, 09SiVL, 08Ti, T52 etc.Because these materials are steel for automobile crossbeam, produce the hot-rolled steel sheet of 10mm and following thickness in enormous quantities for making automobile frame, its high strength inductile feature can not meet the stamping requirement of axle housing complexity.Therefore, with respect to 12～16mm thickness rush weldering axle housing steel, the technical qualification of dispatching from the factory differ greatly, and cause and in production, have the more problems such as part forming low precision, scrap rate is high, Sheet Metal Forming Technology is complicated, raw materials consumption is large.The deficiency that these steel exist is easy to crack after stamping, be welded-shaping, has a strong impact on quality and the work-ing life of product.Adopt more high-strength steel stamping vehicle bridge under the prerequisite that guarantees the strong load performance of car, to reduce steel plate thickness, thereby reduce vehicle bridge deadweight, reach effects of energy saving and emission reduction, therefore, each automobile factory's an urgent demand development high-strength vehicle steel series for axle housing, to meet the light-weighted requirement of truck.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem that current substitute material in use exists, provide a kind of and develop and there is tensile strength>=640MPa and above, lower yield strength R in existing installation condition
eL500MPa, elongation A>=20%; (b=35mm) is functional in wide clod wash, steel and the production method for axle housing that can be used for producing 13 tonnes of vehicle bridge that press formability and welding property are good.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
13 tonnes of axle shell steel, its chemical composition and weight percent are: C:0.04%～0.08%, Si:0.10%～0.60%, Mn:1.3%～1.45%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.008%, Al:0.01%～0.06%, Nb:0.04%～0.06%, Ti:0.03%～0.05%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Produce the method for steel for 13 tonnes of axle shells, its step:
1) carry out converter smelting, control tapping temperature at 1710 ℃～1720 ℃;
2) carry out vacuum-treat: the treatment time, maintenance vacuum tightness was 730～790Pa at 13～16 minutes;
3) carry out continuous casting, control casting speed at 1.0～1.1 ms/min;
4) to strand heating, Heating temperature is at 1240 ℃～1280 ℃, and heat-up time was at 140～155 minutes;
5) carry out roughing, control its end temp at 1050 ℃～1080 ℃;
6) adopt 7 frames to carry out finish rolling, control its finishing temperature at 760 ℃～800 ℃, the draft of last three passages is respectively 21%, 26% and 32%;
7) carry out laminar flow cooling, speed of cooling is controlled at 25～45 ℃/sec;
8) batch, coiling temperature is controlled at 550 ℃～600 ℃.
The mechanism of each metallic element and effect in the present invention
Carbon: be cheap solution strengthening element.If its content is less than 0.04%, can not meet the hot press-formed rear requirement to the strength of materials, if the raising along with carbon content, press formability and weldability can reduce, therefore under the prerequisite of proof strength, adopt compared with low carbon content, so, its content is limited to 0.04～0.08% scope.
Silicon: be cheap and effective steel liquid deoxidation element.In order to maintain strength of parent, to carry out pre-deoxidation and add, if its content is less than 0.10%, can not bring into play its effect; If its content surpasses 0.60%, can worsen surface quality and the welding property of hot-rolled steel sheet, so, its content is limited to 0.10～0.60% scope.
Manganese: be to improve intensity and the most effective element of toughness.But add the manganese of volume, can cause increasing the hardening capacity of steel, owing to welding the appearance of hardened layer, crack sensitivity is increased, Given this, will on it, be defined as 1.45%, so, its content is limited to 1.3～1.45% scopes.
Phosphorus: worsen for fear of welding property, stamping performance, toughness, suitability for secondary processing, setting its upper content limit is 0.025%.
Sulphur: be the element being harmful to very much.Sulphur in steel often exists with the oxide morphology of manganese, and this sulfide inclusion is very disadvantageous to the impelling strength of steel, and causes the anisotropy of performance, therefore, sulphur content in steel need be controlled more low better.Consideration based on to Steel Sheet technique and manufacturing cost, plans sulphur content in steel and is controlled at below 0.008%.
Aluminium: add for deoxidation, when Als contains quantity not sufficient 0.01%, can not bring into play its effect; On the other hand, owing to adding the aluminium of volume, easily form aluminum oxide agglomerate, so, on regulation Als, be limited to 0.06%.Therefore, Als content is limited to 0.01～0.06% scope.
Niobium: the intensity that mainly improves steel by crystal grain thinning and precipitation hardening, be strong carbon, nitrogen compound forming element, in steel, mainly with Nb (C, N) form, exist, stop growing up of austenite crystal, finally make ferrite grain size diminish, thinning microstructure.When it contains quantity not sufficient 0.040%, can not meet requirement of strength; And the niobium adding is when too much, cost of alloy can significantly rise and toughness worsens.
Titanium: can crystal grain thinning and improve the strength and toughness of steel, and favourable to welding property, the AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING that the titanium nitride generating in steel produces during to welding heating has preventing effectiveness.When it contains quantity not sufficient 0.03%, can not bring into play its effect; On the other hand, when the titanium that adds is too much, can cause toughness to worsen owing to generating superfluous titanium carbide, according to mechanical property target call, its titanium content is limited to 0.03～0.05% scope.
Steel of the present invention, because carbon is low, causes it to have good stamping performance and welding property, even cold-forming, the dimensional stabilizing after its moulding, meets making and the service requirements of 13 tonnes of vehicle bridge completely.It is more suitable for cold punching technology, saves the front preheating procedure of punching, not only save energy consumption, its actual good mechanical properties, the fatigue lifetime that can improve axle case assy, the Thermal Fatigue Damage of elimination mould.Through its made axle case assy is carried out to bench testing, the detected result of its vertical curve fatigue lifetime, vertical curve rigidity, vertical curve static strength all complies with the national standard requirements.Adopt this steel to produce 13 tonnes of vehicle bridge, because this steel tensile strength is more than 640MPa, than steel such as 16MnL, T52L, improve approximately more than 30%, supporting capacity greatly improves, therefore when design vehicle bridge, required steel plate thickness at least can reduce more than 15%, vehicle body deadweight significantly alleviates, and effects of energy saving and emission reduction is obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is the metallographic structure figure of steel of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described further below:
Embodiment 1
What produce is the axle housing steel plate of 14 mm thick.
13 tonnes of axle shell steel, its chemical composition and weight percent are: C:0.042%, Si:0.10%, Mn:1.31%, P:0.025%, S:0.005%, Al:0.01%, Nb:0.06%, Ti:0.031%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Produce the method for steel for 13 tonnes of axle shells, its step:
1) carry out converter smelting, control tapping temperature at 1710 ℃～1715 ℃;
2) carry out vacuum-treat: the treatment time, maintenance vacuum tightness was 730Pa at 13 minutes;
3) carry out continuous casting, control casting speed at 1.0 ms/min;
4) to strand heating, Heating temperature is at 1240 ℃～1250 ℃, and heat-up time was at 140 minutes;
5) carry out roughing, control its end temp at 1050 ℃～1060 ℃;
6) adopt 7 frames to carry out finish rolling, control its finishing temperature at 760 ℃～770 ℃, the draft of last three passages is respectively 21%, 26% and 32%;
7) carry out laminar flow cooling, speed of cooling is controlled at 40 ℃/sec;
8) batch, coiling temperature is controlled at 550 ℃～560 ℃.
Embodiment 2
What produce is the axle housing steel plate of 16 mm thick.
13 tonnes of axle shell steel, its chemical composition and weight percent are: C:0.047%, Si:0.28%, Mn:1.35%, P:0.020%, S:0.0032%, Al:0.025%, Nb:0.053%, Ti:0.036%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Produce the method for steel for 13 tonnes of axle shells, its step:
1) carry out converter smelting, control tapping temperature at 1715 ℃～1720 ℃;
2) carry out vacuum-treat: the treatment time, maintenance vacuum tightness was 740Pa at 15 minutes;
3) carry out continuous casting, control casting speed at 1.05 ms/min;
4) to strand heating, Heating temperature is at 1250 ℃～12605 ℃, and heat-up time was at 145 minutes;
5) carry out roughing, control its end temp at 1070 ℃～1080 ℃;
6) adopt 7 frames to carry out finish rolling, control its finishing temperature at 770 ℃～780 ℃, the draft of last three passages is respectively 21%, 26% and 32%;
7) carry out laminar flow cooling, speed of cooling is controlled at 35 ℃/sec;
8) batch, coiling temperature is controlled at 575 ℃～585 ℃.
Embodiment 3
What produce is the axle housing steel plate of 12 mm thick.
13 tonnes of axle shell steel, its chemical composition and weight percent are: C:0.064%, Si:0.56%, Mn:1.40%, P:0.02%, S:0.004%, Al:0.052%, Nb:0.058%, Ti:0.045%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Produce the method for steel for 13 tonnes of axle shells, its step:
1) carry out converter smelting, control tapping temperature at 1710 ℃～1716 ℃;
2) carry out vacuum-treat: the treatment time, maintenance vacuum tightness was 770Pa at 15 minutes;
3) carry out continuous casting, control casting speed at 1.1 ms/min;
4) to strand heating, Heating temperature is at 1260 ℃～1270 ℃, and heat-up time was at 150 minutes;
5) carry out roughing, control its end temp at 1070 ℃～1080 ℃;
6) adopt 7 frames to carry out finish rolling, control its finishing temperature at 785 ℃～795 ℃, the draft of last three passages is respectively 21%, 26% and 32%;
7) carry out laminar flow cooling, speed of cooling is controlled at 35 ℃/sec;
8) batch, coiling temperature is controlled at 590 ℃～600 ℃.
Embodiment 4
What produce is the axle housing steel plate of 12 mm thick.
13 tonnes of axle shell steel, its chemical composition and weight percent are: C:0.068%%, Si:0.6%%, Mn:1.45%, P:0.021%, S:0.0035%, Al:0.060%%, Nb:0.06%, Ti:0.05%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Produce the method for steel for 13 tonnes of axle shells, its step:
1) carry out converter smelting, control tapping temperature at 1715 ℃～1720 ℃;
2) carry out vacuum-treat: the treatment time, maintenance vacuum tightness was 790Pa at 16 minutes;
3) carry out continuous casting, control casting speed at 1.0 ms/min;
4) to strand heating, Heating temperature is at 1275 ℃～1280 ℃, and heat-up time was at 155 minutes;
5) carry out roughing, control its end temp at 1060 ℃～1070 ℃;
6) adopt 7 frames to carry out finish rolling, control its finishing temperature at 790 ℃～800 ℃, the draft of last three passages is respectively 21%, 26% and 32%;
7) carry out laminar flow cooling, speed of cooling is controlled at 30 ℃/sec;
8) batch, coiling temperature is controlled at 575 ℃～585 ℃.
The performance test results of each embodiment is in Table 1.
Each embodiment mechanical property detected result list of table 1
Claims (1)
1.13 tonne axle shell steel, its chemical composition and weight percent are: C:0.04%～0.068%, Si:0.10%～0.60%, Mn:1.3%～1.45%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.008%, Al:0.01%～0.06%, Nb:0.053%～0.06%, Ti:0.045%～0.05%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Production stage:
1) carry out converter smelting, control tapping temperature at 1710 ℃～1720 ℃;
2) carry out vacuum-treat: the treatment time, maintenance vacuum tightness was 730～790Pa at 13～16 minutes;
3) carry out continuous casting, control casting speed at 1.0～1.1 ms/min;
4) to strand heating, Heating temperature is at 1240 ℃～1280 ℃, and heat-up time was at 140～155 minutes;
5) carry out roughing, control its end temp at 1050 ℃～1080 ℃;
6) adopt 7 frames to carry out finish rolling, control its finishing temperature at 760 ℃～800 ℃, the draft of last three passages is respectively 21%, 26% and 32%;
7) carry out laminar flow cooling, speed of cooling is controlled at 25～45 ℃/sec;
8) batch, coiling temperature is controlled at 550 ℃～575 ℃.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103243262B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2015-02-25 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | High-strength hot rolled steel plate roll for automobile wheels as well as preparation method thereof |
| CN103805862B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2016-02-03 | 山东交通职业学院 | Axle shell steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106282791B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-07-06 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Low internal stress steel plate for automobile axle housing and its production method |
| CN112011726B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-06-28 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-fatigue-performance high-strength cold stamping steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113957345B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-04 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 590 MPa-grade axle housing steel for cold stamping and preparation method thereof |
| CN113957347B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-07-22 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 590 MPa-grade thick-specification axle housing steel for cold stamping and preparation method thereof |
| CN113981320A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Axle housing steel for 510MPa grade cold stamping and preparation method thereof |
| CN114672741A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-28 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-strength high-toughness steel BT600HQK for hot forming automobile axle housing |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1920083A (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2007-02-28 | 江阴市界达特异制管有限公司 | Manufacture method of ultra-low-temperature, high-strength and long-fatigue life automobile bridge seamless heterotype axle steel tube |
| CN101701316A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-05 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Automobile beam steel with tensile strength of 590MPa and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1920083A (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2007-02-28 | 江阴市界达特异制管有限公司 | Manufacture method of ultra-low-temperature, high-strength and long-fatigue life automobile bridge seamless heterotype axle steel tube |
| CN101701316A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-05 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Automobile beam steel with tensile strength of 590MPa and manufacturing method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20170711 Address after: 430083 Qingshan District, Hubei, Wuhan factory before the door No. 2 Patentee after: Wuhan iron and Steel Company Limited Address before: 430080 Wuhan, Hubei Friendship Road, No. 999, Wuchang Patentee before: Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corp. |