CN104630629A - Automotive axle housing steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Automotive axle housing steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104630629A CN104630629A CN201510100044.6A CN201510100044A CN104630629A CN 104630629 A CN104630629 A CN 104630629A CN 201510100044 A CN201510100044 A CN 201510100044A CN 104630629 A CN104630629 A CN 104630629A
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Abstract
The invention relates to automotive axle housing steel. The automotive axle housing steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.06-0.10% of C, 0.20-0.40% of Si, 1.30-1.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.008% of S, 0.020-0.040% of Als, 0.010-0.015% of Nb, 0.050-0.080% of Ti and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the automotive axle housing steel. The preparation method comprises the following steps of converter smelting, LF refining, casting, roughing and finishing. By adding less alloying elements Ti and Nb and controlling the content of N and controlled rolling and cooling process, 600MPa-grade steel is obtained and has excellent mechanical properties and formability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel plate and manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of 600MPa level automobile hot rolling stamping axle housing steel.
Background technology
Axle housing is one of primary member of running car system, and in use, its supporting frame and the later each assembly weight of vehicle frame, therefore need to use the steel with enough strength and stiffness to manufacture; In addition, automobile axle housing is shaping through pressing and jointing by steel plate, so steel also must ensure to have good impact briquetting performance and good welding property.
At present, domestic automobile axle housing hot-rolled steel sheet field does not still have special steel grade and respective standard, and most of automaker adopts beam steel (as 16MnL) to manufacture automobile axle housing.In recent years, many steel mills are studied automobile axle housing hot-rolled steel sheet, adopt Nb-V-Ti microalloying and Controlled Rolling And Controlled Cooling, develop the automobile axle housing steel of 510MPa level, and the precious metals such as the Nb in these products add more, and production cost is higher; On the other hand, original Ti micro-alloying technology can cause macrobead TiN in steel to be mingled with gathering, the low-temperature flexibility of infringement steel and cold forming capability.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN104213019A discloses a kind of 600MPa level automobile axle housing steel and production method thereof, and it is by controlling V, N content and the cooling controlling and rolling controlling process in component, produces 600MPa level automobile axle housing coils of hot-rolled steel.The method improves the intensity of steel mainly through carbon and utilizes that V, N's separate out strengthening effect, although the tensile strength of 600MPa can be provided, to the welding property of steel plate and processability unfavorable.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of by adding less alloying element and controlling N content and cooling controlling and rolling controlling process, obtain 600MPa level automobile bridge steel with excellent mechanical property and processability and preparation method thereof.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of automobile axle housing steel, it comprises each component of following weight percent:
C:0.06 ~ 0.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:1.30 ~ 1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.008%, Als:0.020 ~ 0.040%, Nb:0.010 ~ 0.015%, Ti:0.050 ~ 0.080%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
A preparation method for above-mentioned automobile axle housing steel, it comprises the steps:
(1) after converter smelting, LF refining, cast, strand is obtained, the weight percent of each component of gained strand is: C:0.06 ~ 0.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:1.30 ~ 1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.008%, Als:0.020 ~ 0.040%, Nb:0.010 ~ 0.015%, Ti:0.050 ~ 0.080%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
(2) heated in process furnace by strand, heating zone temperature is 1150 ~ 1280 DEG C, and soaking zone temperature is 1120 ~ 1200 DEG C, and total heat-up time is more than 180min;
(3) carry out roughing to the strand after step (2) process, roughing start rolling temperature is 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C, and rolling pass is 5-7 road, and obtaining thickness is the intermediate blank of 50 ~ 65mm;
(4) finish rolling is carried out to the intermediate blank after step (3) roughing, finishing stands is 6 passages, finish rolling start rolling temperature is 880 ~ 920 DEG C, finish rolling finishing temperature 780 ~ 820 DEG C, the total reduction of last 3 passages of finish rolling is not less than 15%, the steel plate obtained after finish rolling enters cooling facility for laminar flow and cools, and final cooling temperature is between 680 ~ 720 DEG C, and rate of cooling controls between 5.5 ~ 8.5 DEG C/s; Obtain the automobile axle housing steel that thickness is 12 ~ 18mm.
In preparation method, described converter smelting adopts top and bottom combined blown converter steelmaking method, converter bottom blowing argon gas, Converter top blast oxygen.
In preparation method, add NbFe before described LF refining to adjust the Nb content in strand.
In preparation method, carry out before described LF refining treatment making white slag control aluminium deoxidation.
In preparation method, described in make white slag control aluminium deoxidation after add TiFe to adjust the Ti content in strand.
In preparation method, described casting process is molding casting.
In the chemical composition of automobile axle housing steel of the present invention:
Carbon: carbon is cheap solution strengthening element, but simultaneously its to toughness and moulding infringement very large, its content is lower, then punching formation property and weldability better, therefore its content is limited to 0.06 ~ 0.10% by us.
Silicon: silicon is effective steel liquid deoxidation element, Main Function is pre-deoxidation and prevents the generation of the defects such as bubble, if silicone content is lower than 0.20%, then likely produce air blister defect, silicone content, more than 0.50%, can worsen the surface quality of steel plate, improve welding crack sensibility index simultaneously, be unfavorable for the guarantee of welding property, so, its content is limited to 0.20 ~ 0.40%.
Manganese: manganese is the effective element improving intensity and toughness.But the too high hardening capacity that can increase steel of Fe content, causes the generation being unfavorable for welding and molded tissue, therefore, sets its content and be limited to 1.30 ~ 1.50%.
Phosphorus: phosphorus is one of harmful element in steel, endangers maximum, so setting its upper content limit is 0.025% to cold plasticity, cold forming capability especially.
Sulphur: sulphur is one of harmful element in steel, usually exists with the form of manganese sulfide inclusion in steel, worsens the toughness of steel and causes the anisotropy of performance.So in steel, sulphur content is more low better, sulphur content in steel is controlled below 0.008%.
Aluminium: aluminium is strong deoxidant element on the one hand, effectively can control the oxygen level in steel; On the other hand, aluminium is also crystal grain thinning element, is conducive to the raising of toughness, but too much aluminium can cause the generation of alumina inclusion, is unfavorable for the raising of cast and performance, so aluminium content is limited to 0.020 ~ 0.040%.
Niobium: niobium has good refined crystalline strengthening effect, and can improve the toughness of steel plate, reduces ductile-brittle transition temperature; On the other hand, niobium, as precious metal element, should control its add-on, reduce production cost, usual content of niobium lower than 0.010% time effect will greatly reduce, therefore set content of niobium be 0.010 ~ 0.015%.
Titanium: titanium is as crystal grain thinning element, the obdurability of steel can be improved within the specific limits, titanium carbide precipitation effectively can improve intensity, tiny titanium nitride particles is to being welded with profit, and titanium nitride effectively can suppress AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING, when nitrogen in steel content is more, add excessive titanium can generate titanium nitride macrobead and be mingled with and affect toughness, so on the one hand by controlling nitrogen in steel content, adding appropriate titanium on the one hand, titanium content be limited to 0.050 ~ 0.080%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) tensile strength of the automobile axle housing steel prepared by the present invention can be reached 600MPa level and have high strength, high cold moulding shape, high tenacity.
(2) automobile axle housing steel of the present invention adopts carbon content to be the low-carbon alloy steel of 0.06 ~ 0.10%, carbon content is no longer relied on to ensure tensile strength, but improve intensity by microalloying and controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and obtain good welding property, moulding, toughness, processability.
(3) microalloy of the present invention is added to Nb+Ti, and Nb can improve the toughness of steel plate, reduces its ductile-brittle transition temperature, but Nb is as a kind of precious metal, its production cost is higher, invention increases the effective rate of utilization of precious metal Nb, Nb content is only 0.010 ~ 0.015%, reduces production cost.Ti content is 0.050 ~ 0.080%, adds the intensity that Ti mono-aspect can improve steel, and the existence of Ti to welding and processability useful.
(4) it is generally acknowledged, N content in steel plate is higher, and after its steel plate timeliness, intensity is higher, therefore in order to improve the intensity of steel plate, steel mill generally N content is improved also and V acting in conjunction improves armor plate strength, but the existence of N is unfavorable for welding and the processability of steel plate.Do not add V in the present invention, do not rely on V to improve intensity, therefore the present invention is smelted by low nitrogen, i.e. the omnidistance Argon of converter, and molding casting, can control below 0.007% by N content, is conducive to the welding and the processability that improve steel plate.
(5) the present invention adopts the composition system of low-carbon (LC), the smelting technology of low nitrogen and controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and make the toughness of products of preparation good, ductile-brittle transition temperature, below-40 DEG C, still reaches 150J at-40 DEG C of Impact energy Ak v.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microstructure photo of steel plate prepared by the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.Scope is not limited to embodiment, and those skilled in the art make any change and also belong to the scope of protection of the invention in the scope that claim limits.
In following embodiment, converter is 150t top and bottom combined blown converter, and rolling line is 3500mm production line of rolling mill.
Embodiment 1
(1) converter smelting is carried out, in smelting process, Converter top blast oxygen, the omnidistance blowing argon gas of converter bottom, a catch carbon, adds NbFe in converter tapping process; TiFe is added after making white slag control aluminium deoxidation; then through LF refining treatment; molding casting is finally adopted to obtain the thick strand of 200mm; in gained strand, the weight percent of each component is: C:0.08%, Si:0.30%, Mn:1.40%, P :≤0.014%, S :≤0.002%, Als:0.030%, Nb:0.012%, Ti:0.065%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) heat in process furnace after strand being cut into process furnace desired size, heating zone temperature is 1220 DEG C, and soaking zone temperature is 1180 DEG C, and total heat-up time is more than 180min,
(3) carry out roughing to the strand after step (2) process, roughing start rolling temperature is 1050 DEG C, and rolling pass is 5 ~ 7 roads, and obtaining thickness is the intermediate blank of 50 ~ 65mm;
(4) finish rolling is carried out to the intermediate blank after step (3) roughing, finishing stands is 6 passages, finish rolling start rolling temperature is 880 DEG C, finish rolling finishing temperature 780 DEG C, the total reduction of last 3 passages of finish rolling is not less than 15%, the steel plate obtained after finish rolling enters cooling facility for laminar flow and cools, and final cooling temperature is 680 DEG C, and rate of cooling controls at 5.5 DEG C/s; Obtain the automobile axle housing steel that thickness is 18mm.
Embodiment 2 ~ 5
Step (2) ~ (4) of embodiment 2 ~ 5, with embodiment 1, only change the content of each component in step (1) in gained strand, specifically change see table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 6 ~ 9
The strand that Example 6 ~ 9 obtains after step (1) is rolled operation, strand numbering is numbered corresponding with embodiment, mill operation, with step (2) ~ (4) in embodiment 1, only changes the rolling parameter in its step (2) ~ (4), and design parameter change is see table 2.
Table 2
Carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to the finished product of above-described embodiment 1 ~ 9 below, its result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3:
Table 3 result shows, in 600MPa level, the steel plate for automobile axle housing adopting present method to produce has excellent intensity, toughness and weldability, and its yield strength (Rel) reaches about 500MPa, and tensile strength (Rm) is stabilized in more than 600MPa, unit elongation (A) reaches more than 23%, yield tensile ratio Rel: Rm remains on less than 0.80, has good cold plasticity, even if under Bend diameter is d=0a condition (delivery standard is d=2a), its result is still qualified, and bend specimen surface is without any defect.
The series impact test that the steel plate for automobile axle housing product embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 obtained carries out normal temperature to-60 DEG C can be found out, product of the present invention still can reach 150J at-40 DEG C of impact of collision Akv, far away higher than the level of required value 34J, its fracture fiber fractions is more than 95%, illustrate that its ductile-brittle transition temperature is below-40 DEG C, this steel of surface has good low-temperature flexibility.
The steel plate for automobile axle housing embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 obtained carries out metallurgical analysis, and as shown in Figure 1, its steel plate interior tissue is even, and crystal grain is tiny for metallograph.Homogeneous microstructure, make steel plate anisotropy difference little, namely plate property is even, is also of value to the shaping and moulding of steel plate simultaneously; Crystal grain is tiny, contributes to the raising of the low-temperature flexibility of steel plate.
According to the above embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.It should be noted that, above embodiment is just to illustrating invention.Under the prerequisite not departing from spirit of the present invention and essence, those skilled in the art can design multiple alternative of the present invention and improvement project, and it all should be understood to be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an automobile axle housing steel, is characterized in that it comprises each component of following weight percent:
C:0.06 ~ 0.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:1.30 ~ 1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.008%, Als:0.020 ~ 0.040%, Nb:0.010 ~ 0.015%, Ti:0.050 ~ 0.080%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. a preparation method for automobile axle housing steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) after converter smelting, LF refining, cast, strand is obtained, the weight percent of each component of gained strand is: C:0.06 ~ 0.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:1.30 ~ 1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.008%, Als:0.020 ~ 0.040%, Nb:0.010 ~ 0.015%, Ti:0.050 ~ 0.080%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
(2) heated in process furnace by strand, heating zone temperature is 1150 ~ 1280 DEG C, and soaking zone temperature is 1120 ~ 1200 DEG C, and total heat-up time is more than 180min;
(3) carry out roughing to the strand after step (2) process, roughing start rolling temperature is 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C, and rolling pass is 5-7 road, and obtaining thickness is the intermediate blank of 50 ~ 65mm;
(4) finish rolling is carried out to the intermediate blank after step (3) roughing, finishing stands is 6 passages, finish rolling start rolling temperature is 880 ~ 920 DEG C, finish rolling finishing temperature 780 ~ 820 DEG C, the total reduction of last 3 passages of finish rolling is not less than 15%, the steel plate obtained after finish rolling enters cooling facility for laminar flow and cools, and final cooling temperature is between 680 ~ 720 DEG C, and rate of cooling controls between 5.5 ~ 8.5 DEG C/s; Obtain the automobile axle housing steel that thickness is 12 ~ 18mm.
3. the preparation method of a kind of automobile axle housing steel according to claim 2, is characterized in that described converter smelting adopts top and bottom combined blown converter steelmaking method, converter bottom blowing argon gas, Converter top blast oxygen.
4. the preparation method of a kind of automobile axle housing steel according to claim 3, adds NbFe to adjust the Nb content in strand before it is characterized in that described LF refining.
5. the preparation method of a kind of automobile axle housing steel according to claim 4, carries out before it is characterized in that described LF refining treatment making white slag control aluminium deoxidation.
6. the preparation method of a kind of automobile axle housing steel according to claim 5, adds TiFe to adjust the Ti content in strand described in it is characterized in that after making white slag control aluminium deoxidation.
7. the preparation method of a kind of automobile axle housing steel according to claim 2, is characterized in that described casting process is molding casting.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110066966A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-30 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of low internal stress titaniferous high-strength steel and production method |
| CN110218939A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏华强新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high strength gas turbine housing |
| CN111763878A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-13 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Production method of 6mm S355JR steel plate |
| CN112647016A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-13 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Steel plate for 520 MPa-level bridge shell cover and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113025916A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Q355NE steel plate for right-angle bending and production method thereof |
| CN113981320A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Axle housing steel for 510MPa grade cold stamping and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN111763878A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-13 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Production method of 6mm S355JR steel plate |
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| CN113025916A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Q355NE steel plate for right-angle bending and production method thereof |
| CN113025916B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-03-15 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Q355NE steel plate for right-angle bending and production method thereof |
| CN113981320A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Axle housing steel for 510MPa grade cold stamping and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150520 |