Background technology:
Red fire ant Solenopsis invicta breeding has lethality to people and animals and plants rapidly, and destroy agricultural on a large scale, environment and facility, brought enormous economic loss for some countries, be to endanger one of the most serious biological invasion in the world.At present caused serious destruction at China's southern area, we investigate discovery, and all there is generation in orchards such as oranges and tangerines, carambola, guava, dragon fruit.At present, existing 12 patents relate to the control of red fire ant, comprise that mainly chemistry is killed medicament and bait is trapped and killed two aspects, the medicament that is adopted mainly contains two classes, chemical insecticides such as first fluorine worm nitrile, sulfluramid, Hydramethylnon Bait, fluorine bell urea, fluorine sulfonamide, indenes worm prestige, Imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen, orthene, second class is Avermectin, multiple killing teichomycin, the young urea that goes out, rotenone, matrine, goat's horn are turned round glucoside, coniine, jervine biological extraction material.Wherein orthene is the high malicious product that country clearly provides against use, and fluorine worm nitrile also is the product that the strict restriction of Ministry of Agriculture's regulation is used; Chloride in Imidacloprid, the fluorine bell urea molecule, sulfluramid, Hydramethylnon Bait, fluorine sulfonamide and the fluorine-containing and nitrogen of indenes worm prestige, pyriproxyfen is nitrogenous.Rotenone, matrine, goat's horn are turned round the alkaloid that glucoside, coniine, jervine etc. contain, and there are bigger risk in fish, honeybee etc.
Termite Termitidae also is southern area one of the serious insect of causing harm, directly harm the crops, trees, to building construction, river dyke, cause tremendous loss, we investigate discovery, orchard such as lichee, oranges and tangerines, forest and afforestation ground such as eucalyptus, pine tree, bamboo, traditional Chinese medicine planting bases such as Chinese cassia tree, crust halberd, Poria cocos all exist termite to cause harm.The patent of termite control medicament, Prevention Technique surpasses 100, comprises monitor controller, attractant, lures collection network system etc., wherein relate to kill, kill medicament patent above 10.Cardinal principle is to utilize termite to suck the behavior of cleaning mutually, and the pulvis of will tagging sprays in the ant body, thereby causing propagating mutually kills termite.Use more medicament to be still mirex and arsenic at present in the practice, but mirex is chloride, arsenic contains arsenic, all is the material that country bans use of, if use the said goods also can cause the chlorine and the arsenic residual contamination of agricultural product, traditional Chinese medicine in the plantation of traditional Chinese medicines such as orchard, Poria cocos, rhizoma Gastrodiae.Pyrethroid and N-phenyl-pyrazole, sulfluramid, Hydramethylnon Bait, fluorine sulfonamide etc. also are useful on termite control, but effect is all effective not as good as mirex and arsenic.
Therefore, screening safely and effectively, medicament remains the subject matter that perplexs red fire ant control and termite control.Up to the present, do not see the report that ether chrysanthemum ester is used to prevent and treat red fire ant and termite.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of safe, contain the red fire ant of ether chrysanthemum ester and the termite pulvis of tagging efficiently.
The inventor finds, ether chrysanthemum ester has good insect killing effect to red fire ant and termite, further find when utilizing ether chrysanthemum ester to kill termite and red fire ant as insecticide, crossing the ether chrysanthemum ester of low concentration can not kill termite and red fire ant, and that the ether chrysanthemum ester of excessive concentrations is caught the termite or the red fire ant of medicine can make dispenser the time is dead at once, and to not effect of the ant in the ant nest, and can not reach the effect that full nest is killed, and the ether chrysanthemum ester of excessive concentrations can produce potential danger to environment.The inventor has done a large amount of contrasts, screening experiment to the composition and the content of ether chrysanthemum ester and assistant agent thereof, just reaches safety, the efficient target of using, thereby has realized purpose of the present invention.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
Red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of the present invention and the termite pulvis of tagging, by mass percentage: form by ether chrysanthemum ester 0.01%-0.1%, talcum powder 3.0%-15.0%, warning toner 1.0%-1.5% and corn starch 83.40%-95.99%.
Described warning toner mainly be with the medicament color by white tone to more eye-catching color, play security role, control child or adult eat by mistake, the preferential iron oxide that uses is extremely rose pink by white tone with the medicament color, pulvis of the present invention and flour or other white powder can be differentiated, avoid being eaten by mistake.As aposematic material, on agricultural chemicals, use comparatively extensively, as glyphosate,, add warning colouration to red, to show difference so produce because liquid is colourless.Tag and use also report not of warning colouration class material in the pulvis, the present invention tests with food pigment, dyestuff, and the result shows, during identical addition, add food pigment after, the color of the pulvis of tagging is not as adding behind the iron oxide obviously and lasting; Dyestuff can be used for oil-based liquid, but is used for the pulvis poor effect.
Red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of the present invention and the termite pulvis of tagging, preferred component, by mass percentage: ether chrysanthemum ester 0.03%, talcum powder 15.0%, iron oxide 1.0% and corn starch 83.97%.
Described talcum powder can buy on market, and effect is that the control insect escapes fast, can make the medicinal powder body surface that sticks to targeted insect as much as possible.Spill behind red fire ant or termite, red fire ant or termite creep on medicinal powder, because talcous effect, and the insect medicinal powder district of can not escaping out immediately, medicinal powder can invest the insect body surface more.Proof is added the talcous pulvis of tagging in the laboratory experiment, does not more add the talcous pulvis of tagging, and insect bodies medicine administered to bring out the cold powder adhesion amount exceeds 3-5%, the high 20-37% of control efficiency.
Described corn starch also can buy from the market, its effect has two aspects, the first is as carrier, dilution ether chrysanthemum ester content, make it can not kill red fire ant and termite individuality immediately, but allow red fire ant or termite fully bring medicinal powder into ant nest, and infect mutually, reach the effect that full nest is killed; Its two, corn starch can serve as the effect of food and bait as the food of red fire ant and termite.As farm chemical carrier, the carrier of the pulvis of tagging has white carbon black, kaolin, precipitated calcium carbonate, and effect is the dilution medicament, makes its active ingredient reach suitable concentration range.With regard to cost, 3900 yuan/ton of white carbon blacks, 1250 yuan/ton of kaolin, precipitated calcium carbonate are 600 yuan/ton, the corn starch cost that the present invention adopts is 2500 yuan/ton, between above-mentioned three.Effect aspect environmental protection owing to adopt corn starch, belongs to food-grade, more above-mentioned mineral matter safety, environmental protection.Aspect control efficiency, because corn starch is the edible food of red fire ant and termite, the pulvis of tagging that the white carbon black of effect, kaolin, precipitated calcium carbonate are made carrier is high by 30.7% respectively, 44.4% and 46.3%.
Ether chrysanthemum ester of the present invention, its chemical name is 2-(4-ethoxyl phenenyl)-2-methyl-propyl-3-phenoxy benzyl ether, be a kind of space structure ether material similar to pyrethroid, but there be not the problem of cinerins agricultural chemicals to the high poison of fish, this ether chrysanthemum ester carbon containing, hydrogen, three kinds of elements of oxygen, elements such as not fluorine-containing, chlorine, nitrogen and phosphorus, environmentally friendly, to people, mammal, aquatile, honeybee and birds safety.
The inventor estimates its safety by experiment, and its result is as follows:
Ether chrysanthemum ester acute oral LD
50: mouse>21440mg/kg great and mighty or powerful, female rat>42880mg/kg, male mouse>53600mg/kg, female mouse>107200mg/kg.Acute through skin LD50: mouse>1072mg/kg great and mighty or powerful, female mouse>2140mg/kg.Acute suction: the acute suction LC of mouse
50(4h) greater than the 5.9mg/L air.To skin and the effect of eyes nonirritant, belong to hypotoxicity.
The action-less dose of feeding experiment: dog (1 year) 32mg/kg feed, mouse great and mighty or powerful (2 years) 3.7mg/kg feed, female rat (2 years) 4.8mg/kg feed.Male mouse (2 years) 3.1mg/kg feed, female mouse (2 years) 3.6mg/kg feed.
To toxicity in fish: LC
50(48h): carp 5.0mg/L, goldfish 1.73mg/L, carp TLm (48h) 5mg/L; To water flea toxicity: LC
50>40mg/L (3h).
To birds toxicity: wild duck LD
50>2g/kg, low toxicity.
To honeybee toxicity: LD
50=0.13mg/ honeybee, under field condition on being sprayed directly on to honeybee, nontoxic.
Under the experimental condition, do not see teratogenesis, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.
So, to mammal, aquatile, birds and honeybee safety.
In the rat body, can detect metabolite 2-(4-the hydroxy phenyl)-2-methyl-propyl 3-phenoxy benzyl ether and 2-(4-ethoxyl phenenyl)-2-methyl-propyl 3-(4-hydroxybenzyl) ether of parent compound; After per os was fed and raised rat radioactivity ether chrysanthemum ester, the radioactivity metabolite was promptly discharged from urine and ight soil rapidly.In rice plant, can drop to 50% after 1 week, major metabolite is 2-(4-ethoxyl phenenyl)-2-methyl-3-phenoxy benzoic acid ester.Spray on legume crop, radioactivity ether chrysanthemum enzyme drops to 50% gradually after 3 weeks; ADI to the people is 0.03mg/kg.
Half life period is about 6 days in soil, and water is very slow to its leaching, can not influence environment.
Following table be ether chrysanthemum ester and fluorine worm nitrile, rotenone toxicity relatively, minimum from this toxicity of active ingredient ether chrysanthemum ester of showing institute of the present invention as can be seen with medicament.
Table 1
|
Ether chrysanthemum ester |
Fluorine worm nitrile |
Rotenone |
Half life period |
Soil: be about 6 days |
Soil: 30-90 days, water: 135 days |
Soil 4-5 days, crop 6 days |
To fish toxicity LC
50 |
Ichthyotoxin: 50mg/L (48h) goldfish: 1.73mg/L |
High poison, the blue gill sunfish of carp 30 μ g/L trouts 248 μ g/L 85 μ g/L |
??0.025mg/L |
To birds LD
50 |
Wild duck:>2000mg/kg |
Wild duck: 2000 μ g/kg pigeons: 2000 μ g/kg quails: 11.3 μ g/kg |
|
|
|
Pheasant: 31 μ g/kg |
|
Prawn/crab |
??/ |
High poison |
??0.5-1.0mg/L |
To flea/green alga EC
50 |
Water flea:>40mg/L (3h) |
Water flea: 190 μ g/L (48h) green algas: 68 μ g/L (72h) |
??1.0~2.0mg/L |
To honeybee toxicity LD
50 |
0.13mg/ head |
??4.17×10
-3μ g/ head, high poison
|
|
To silkworm toxicity LD
50 |
|
0.427 μ g/L, toxicity is lower |
|
Acute oral |
Female rat>42880mg/kg mouse>21440mg/kg great and mighty or powerful |
Rat 97mg/kg |
Female: 50.1mg/kg hero: 58.4mg/kg |
Acute through skin LD
50 |
Female mouse>2140mg/kg mouse>1072mg/kg great and mighty or powerful |
Rat 2000mg/kg rabbit 354mg/kg |
The female 501mg/kg cavy of cavy hero: 926mg/kg |
Acute suction LC
50 |
Rat 5.9mg/L |
Rat 0.682mg/L |
|
To acute skin irritation |
Do not have (rabbit) |
Do not have |
Slightly |
Acute eye is stimulated |
Do not have (rabbit) |
Do not have |
Slightly |
To guinea pig skin sensitization (skin allergic reaction) |
Do not have |
|
Do not see that being tried thing has sensitization |
Teratogenesis mutagenesis carcinogenic |
Do not see |
Do not have |
|
Everyone maximum permissible intake (MPI) every day (ADI) |
0.03mg/kg/ my god |
0.00025mg/kg/ my god |
|
Red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of the present invention and the termite pulvis of tagging is to mix by the bulk method of routine to produce, earlier ether chrysanthemum ester and talcum powder are mixed, mix with the warning toner then, the corn starch that progressively adds capacity at last in mixture evenly mixes and makes.
Discover that ether chrysanthemum ester concentration is lower than 0.01% in the pulvis of tagging, when when concentration being 0.008% (talcum powder content is 10%), the red fire ant control efficiency is had only about 18% that 20 days insect population death toll amounts are less after the dispenser, ant nest exists rate to surpass 82%; Be used for the termite control of eucalyptus woods, similar phenomenon is also arranged.When concentration is 0.005% (talcum powder content is 10%), red fire ant almost there is not control efficiency, 20 days insect population death toll amounts are extremely low after the dispenser, and ant nest exists rate to surpass 90%; Termite to the eucalyptus woods also has equifinality, if this concentration level does not have talcum powder to exist, control efficiency is poorer.And ether chrysanthemum ester concentration is higher than 0.1% in the pulvis of tagging, and as when concentration is 0.15%, the on-the-spot death condition of red fire ant is obvious, and ant nest resettlement and branch nest phenomenon are obvious; When concentration was 0.2%, the on-the-spot lethality of red fire ant surpassed 30%, and ant nest resettlement and branch nest phenomenon are fairly obvious.Being used for termite control also has kindred circumstances to take place, and termite is mortality then and there, medicament can't be taken back nest.
Red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of the present invention and the termite pulvis of tagging, do not contain the element that environment is had potential impact, do not contain the material that country banned use of or limited use, to mammal, aquatile, honeybee and natural enemies security, residual life, is shorter in soil environment, few to the influence of water leaching, have low toxicity and slow toxic action simultaneously, can guarantee in red fire ant ant group and termite ant group, effectively to infect.This pulvis of tagging has good tagging and stomach poison function, can infect mutually by insect, and termite and red fire ant are had good control efficiency.When the present invention is used for the red fire ant control, ant nest is smashed up, when treating that red fire ant measures nest greatly, medicine is imposed on the red fire ant body surface, showed good control efficiency in 6-10 days, ant the group substantially all be poisoned to death, and do not have the appearance of branch nest phenomenon, and effect reaches more than 90%; Be used to kill termite, plank be embedded in the soil that termite haunts set up some monitoring stations of luring, be found to when luring the monitoring station that termite is arranged, the pulvis of tagging of the present invention spilt impose on the termite body surface, routine observation, as still have termite, then continue dispenser, 30 days " Invest, Then Investigate "s, the control effect reaches more than 90%.Therefore red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of the present invention and the termite pulvis of tagging is a kind of safe, medicament efficiently, can be widely used in the control of red fire ant, termite in the various environment and the ecosystem, has bigger application value.
Embodiment:
The present invention is further elaborated below by embodiment.
Embodiment one:
The pulvis of tagging of present embodiment is made up of following component by mass percent: ether chrysanthemum ester 0.03%, talcum powder 15.0%, iron oxide 1.0%, corn starch 83.97%.
The pulvis of tagging of the present invention mixes with bulk method to be produced, and earlier ether chrysanthemum ester is mixed with talcum powder, then mixes with iron oxide, adds corn starch then in mixture, adds while stirring, promptly makes after mixing.
The pulvis of tagging of the present invention is used for the red fire ant using method and consumption is recommended as follows: spread fertilizer over the fields this product one circle around the anthill base portion, prevent the red fire ant escape; Cut out the ant nest acrial part then, ant is poured out; The present invention is spread fertilizer over the fields in the ant body surface, allow more red fire ant individuality be stained with medicinal powder as much as possible, take back ant nest, after 6-10 days, red fire ant is infected somatic death mutually in the nest.According to ant nest size and red fire ant individual amount, take the circumstances into consideration dispenser, every nest restrains with medicament 10-50 of the present invention.
Use the red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester and the termite of present embodiment to tag pulvis in all red fire ant spots enforcement, implement on the meadow, industry park, effective prevention and control rate to ant nest surpasses 95%, implements in traditional Chinese medicine planting site, guava ground, dragon fruit plantation, and control efficiency is all above 90%.
Embodiment two:
The pulvis of tagging of present embodiment is made up of following component by mass percent: ether chrysanthemum ester 0.1%, talcum powder 10.0%, iron oxide 1.5%, corn starch 88.4%.
The present invention tags, and pulvis is used for eucalyptus woods termite using method and consumption is recommended as follows: the 2-4 rice about 30-40cm of excavation hole is dark around eucalyptus woods termite is taken place, length * wide=20 * 30cm, eucalyptus skin or pine plank are embedded in the hole, set up the termite monitoring and lure the collection point, open hole after 10-15 days and check that termite assembles situation, find that termite then is spread on the termite body surface with the pulvis of tagging of the present invention, bury hole with soil, make regular check on, as still have termite, dispenser once more, 30 days " Invest, Then Investigate "s, effective prevention and control rate of ant nest reaches more than 90%, and every nest restrains with medicament 50-150 of the present invention.
This method also can be used for termite control in the environment such as orchard, greenbelt, gardens, also can be used for killing and preventing and treating of termite in the plantation of traditional Chinese medicines such as Poria cocos, rhizoma Gastrodiae, and is safe and effective.Implement at the Poria cocos planting site, the control effect surpasses 93%, and implement in the Chinese cassia tree garden, and the control effect also reaches 90%.
Embodiment three:
The red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of present embodiment and the termite pulvis of tagging is made up of following component by mass percent: ether chrysanthemum ester 0.02%, talcum powder 3.0%, iron oxide 1.0%, corn starch 95.98%.
Find that the yellowish-brown ant road that termite is built with excreta is seen at place, wooden structures slit in the family, illustrate and probably living away from home termite in the family or forming ant nest.In the place of finding termite damage, let alone under the termite situation, wooden doors and windows's frame is pressed certain distance boring, spray into medicinal powder of the present invention, body surface is stained with medicinal powder during termite activity, returns nest and sucks mutually, the cleaning body surface, last full nest is poisoned to death, and has obtained good control efficiency, and its control effect reaches more than 90%.
Embodiment four:
The red fire ant that contains ether chrysanthemum ester of present embodiment and the termite pulvis of tagging is made up of following component by mass percent: ether chrysanthemum ester 0.07%, talcum powder 8.0%, iron oxide 1.3%, corn starch 90.63%.
Find that the yellowish-brown ant road that termite is built with excreta is seen at place, wooden structures slit in the family, illustrate and probably living away from home termite in the family or forming ant nest.In the place of finding termite damage, let alone under the termite situation, wooden doors and windows's frame is pressed certain distance boring, spray into medicinal powder of the present invention, body surface is stained with medicinal powder during termite activity, returns nest and sucks mutually, the cleaning body surface, last full nest is poisoned to death, and has obtained good control efficiency, and its control effect reaches more than 90%.