CN101658090B - Seeder - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN101658090B
CN101658090B CN2008101412268A CN200810141226A CN101658090B CN 101658090 B CN101658090 B CN 101658090B CN 2008101412268 A CN2008101412268 A CN 2008101412268A CN 200810141226 A CN200810141226 A CN 200810141226A CN 101658090 B CN101658090 B CN 101658090B
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signal
connects
display device
seed
signal input
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CN2008101412268A
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CN101658090A (en
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董志军
董承磊
董庆伟
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Abstract

The invention discloses a seeder. A travelling wheel is arranged under a traction frame; a seed storage box and a seeding device are arranged on the traction frame; one end of a seed conveying track is arranged on the bottom of the seed storage box, while the other end extends out of the upper part of the seed storage box; the two ends of the seed conveying track are respectively provided with a first motor and a track transmission wheel in a transmission way; a lower part of the one end of the seed conveying track extending out of the seed storage box is provided with a receiving funnel; a seed pre-placement box is arranged under the receiving funnel; a first optical coupler is arranged at a position where seeds pass through on the upper part in the seed pre-placement box; a lower opening of the seed pre-placement box is provided with an opening and closing cabin door which is linked with an output shaft of a second motor; the opening and closing cabin door is provided with a baffle plate; a second optical coupler is arranged corresponding to the position of the baffle plate when the opening and closing cabin door is closed; an opening at an upper end of a discharging pipe is connected with the lower opening of the seed pre-placement box; the first and second motors, the first and second optical couplers, a displacement sensor on the traveling wheel are connected with a seeding controller.

Description

A kind of sower
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural seeding machine tool, relate in particular to a kind of sower of accurate control sowing.
Background technology
Present sower mostly is full machinery control, and seeding accuracy is not high, if the accurately sower of sowing of a kind of Electronic Control can be provided, can accurately control sowing number and spacing in the rows, and science is accurately carried out the agro-farming management more.
Summary of the invention
The sower that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of accurate sowing.
A kind of sower, comprise hitch frame, seeds case, the device of sowing, under the hitch frame road wheel is set, seeds case, the device of sowing are arranged on the hitch frame, wherein: the described device of sowing comprises that sowing controller, first, second motor, first, second photoelectrical coupler, seed transmission crawler belt, crawler belt drive, the funnel that connects material, seed preset case, tremie pipe, seed transmits the bottom that crawler belt one end is arranged on the seeds case, the other end stretches out the top of seeds case, and seed transmission crawler belt two ends transmission respectively are provided with first motor, crawler belt drive; The end bottom that seed transmission crawler belt stretches out the seeds case is provided with the funnel that connects material, the upper opening that seed presets case connects the below that is located at the funnel that connects material, first photoelectrical coupler is arranged on seed and presets case internal upper part seed through the place, seed presets the lower openings of case, this opening part is provided with the switch hatch door, the output shaft interlock of the switch hatch door and second motor is provided with baffle plate on the described switch hatch door, and second photoelectrical coupler is provided with the position of described baffle plate when should the switch hatch door closed; The upper end open of tremie pipe connects and is located at the lower openings place that seed presets case; The driving signal input of first motor connects the first Electric Machine Control output of sowing controller, the driving signal input of second motor connects the second Electric Machine Control output of sowing controller, the signal output part of first photoelectrical coupler connects the number signal input part of sowing of sowing controller, and the signal output part of second photoelectrical coupler connects the switch hatch door position signalling input of sowing controller; On the described road wheel displacement transducer is set, the signal output part of displacement transducer connects the displacement signal input of sowing controller.
Described sower, wherein: described sowing controller comprises signal processor, operation panel linkage unit, operation panel, electric-motor drive unit, seed number signal receiving unit, hatch door closure signal receiving element, displacement signal receiving element, display module, wherein, the signal output part of the operation panel signal input part attended operation plate linkage unit of signal processor, the signal input part attended operation plate of operation panel linkage unit; The signal output part of signal processor connects the signal input part of electric-motor drive unit, first signal output part of electric-motor drive unit connects first motor, the secondary signal output of electric-motor drive unit connects second motor, the signal input part of seed number signal receiving unit connects the signal output part of first photoelectrical coupler, the signal input part of hatch door closure signal receiving element connects the signal output part of second photoelectrical coupler, the signal input part of displacement signal receiving element connects the signal output part of displacement transducer, the signal output part of seed number signal receiving unit connects first signal input part of signal processor, the signal output part of hatch door closure signal receiving element connects the secondary signal input of signal processor, and the signal output part of displacement signal receiving element connects the 3rd signal input part of signal processor; The signal input part of display module connects the demonstration signal output part of signal processor.
Described sower, wherein: described display module comprises first, second, third display device, first, second, third display device driver; The signal input part of the first display device driver connects the demonstration signal output part of signal processor, and the signal output part of the first display device driver connects the driving signal input of first display device; The signal input part of the second display device driver connects the demonstration signal output part of the first display device driver, and the signal output part of the second display device driver connects the signal input part of second display device; The signal input part of the 3rd display device driver connects the demonstration signal output part of the second display device driver, and the signal output part of the 3rd display device driver connects the signal input part of the 3rd display device.
Described sower, wherein: described first, second, third display device all adopts seven segment digital tubes, it is the driving chip of 74LS164 that described first, second, third display device driver all adopts model, wherein, the signal input part of the second display device driver connects first pin of the first display device driver output end, and the signal input part of the 3rd display device driver connects first pin of the second display device driver output end.
Described sower, wherein: it is the single-chip microcomputer of AT89C51 that described signal processor adopts model, it is the driving chip of ULN2803 that electric-motor drive unit UL1 adopts model.
The present invention adopts technique scheme will reach following technique effect:
Sower of the present invention, the sowing controller is by second, the signal of first photoelectrical coupler and displacement transducer is judged the door-down switch state, seed amount, road wheel displacement: after detecting hatch door and having closed fully, second motor stops operating, first motor begins to rotate, drive crawler belt and carry seed, road wheel is pushed mobile simultaneously, displacement transducer detects spacing in the rows, when the signal that sends by first photoelectrical coupler judges that seed is transferred number and reached requirement, first motor stops operating, seed temporarily is parked in seed and presets wait sowing in the case, judging when the signal that sends by displacement transducer that spacing in the rows reaches sets when requiring, the sowing controller is controlled second motor and is rotated, open hatch door, the seed that seed is preset in the case puts down, follow the second motor backward rotation, hatch door is closed, second photoelectrical coupler detects hatch door close fully after, the sowing controller is controlled second motor and is stopped operating, first motor begins to rotate, drive crawler belt and carry seed, enter the next round circulation.This system circular order according to this moves repeatedly, finally reaches the purpose of continuous sowing, and circuit control seed amount and spacing in the rows are arranged, and reaches the purpose of accurate control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sower of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sowing controller circuitry schematic diagram of sower of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
A kind of sower, its structure chart as shown in Figure 1, comprise hitch frame 1, seeds case 4, the device of sowing, road wheel 5 is set under the hitch frame, seeds case 4, the device of sowing is arranged on the hitch frame 1, wherein: the described device of sowing comprises power supply storage battery 7, sowing controller 8, first motor 2, second motor 10, first photoelectrical coupler 12, second photoelectrical coupler 13, seed transmits crawler belt 3, crawler belt drive 14, funnel 15 connects material, seed presets case 11, tremie pipe 16, seed transmits the bottom that crawler belt 3 one ends are arranged on seeds case 4, the other end stretches out the top of seeds case 4, the end bottom that seed transmission crawler belt 3 stretches out the seeds case is provided with the funnel 15 that connects material, the corresponding seed of material receiving port of funnel 15 of connecting material transmit seed position, crawler belt 3 whereabouts under be provided with, seed transmit crawler belt 3 two ends respectively with first motor 2, crawler belt drive 14 is in transmission connection; The upper end open that seed presets case 11 connects the lower openings that is located at the funnel 15 that connects material, first photoelectrical coupler 12 is arranged on seed and presets case 11 internal upper part seeds through the place, seed presets the lower openings of case 11, and the below that seed presets the lower openings of case 11 connects establishes tremie pipe 6; The lower openings place that seed presets case 11 also is provided with switch hatch door 9, the output shaft of the switch hatch door 9 and second motor 10 is in transmission connection, the bottom of switch hatch door 9 vertically is provided with small front apron, second photoelectrical coupler 13 is arranged on the upper end in the tremie pipe 6, and the position of this small front apron was provided with when the corresponding described switch hatch door of the light-receiving head of second photoelectrical coupler 13 was closed; The driving signal input of first motor 2 connects the first Electric Machine Control output of sowing controller 8, the driving signal input of second motor 10 connects the second Electric Machine Control output of sowing controller 8, the signal output part of first photoelectrical coupler 12 connects the number signal input part of sowing of sowing controller 8, and the signal output part of second photoelectrical coupler 13 connects the switch hatch door position signalling input of sowing controller 8; On the described road wheel 5 displacement transducer 6 is set, this displacement transducer 6 adopts RPR220, and the signal output part of displacement transducer 6 connects the displacement signal input of sowing controller 8.
The physical circuit figure of described sowing controller as shown in Figure 2, it comprises signal processor UC1, the operation panel linkage unit, operation panel, electric-motor drive unit UL1, seed number signal receiving unit, hatch door closure signal receiving element, the displacement signal receiving element, display module, wherein, signal processor UC1 adopts the single-chip microcomputer of AT89C51 serial model No. (to be not limited to a certain model, for example ATMEL and Intel, 51 series monolithics of brands such as Philips all can be realized, as long as the enhancement mode single-chip microcomputer that comes based on the development of AT89C51 series can be realized the function that its data are handled), electric-motor drive unit UL1 adopts the driving chip of ULN2803 series; P1.0~P1.4 the pin of first group of input/output port I/O mouth (P1 port) of signal processor UC1 and K1~K5 (the 8th~4 pin) of the first insert row J1 connect one to one the first insert row J1 input attended operation plate (operation panel is not shown); Second group of input/output port I/O mouth (P0 port of signal processor UC1, P0.0~P0.7 pin) with signal input part (the pin M0~M7) connect one to one of electric-motor drive unit UL1, first signal output part of electric-motor drive unit UL1 (pin S0~S3) connect first motor, the secondary signal output of electric-motor drive unit UL1 (pin S4~S7) connect second motor by the 4th insert row J4 by the second insert row J2; Seed number signal receiving unit comprises insert row J6, and the input of insert row J6 connects first photoelectrical coupler, and output 4 pin of insert row J6 connect the T0 pin (pin P3.4, the 14th pin) of signal processor UC1 by schmitt inverter U1D, the U1E of two serial connections; Hatch door closure signal receiving element comprises the 5th insert row J5, the input of the 5th insert row J5 connects second photoelectrical coupler, output 4 pin of the 5th insert row J5 connect the MOT1 pin (pin P1.5, the 6th pin) of signal processor UC1 by a schmitt inverter U1C; The displacement signal receiving element comprises the 3rd insert row J3, the input of the 3rd insert row J3 connects displacement transducer, output 4 pin of the 3rd insert row J3 connect the T1 pin (pin P3.5, the 15th pin) of signal processor UC1 by schmitt inverter U1A, the U1B of two serial connections.
Described display module comprises first, second, third display device DS1, DS2, DS3, first, second, third display device driver U2, U3, U4, three display device DS1, DS2, DS3 all adopt seven segment digital tubes, and first, second, third display device driver U2, U3, U4 all adopt the driving chip of 74LS164 series; The signal input part of the first display device driver U2 (the 1st, 2 pin) connects the pin RXD (the 10th pin) of signal processor UC1, and the driving signal input of the signal output part of the first display device driver U2 (pin QH, QG, QF, QE, QD, QC, QB) connection, the first display device DS1 (a~g); The signal input part of the second display device driver U3 (the 1st, 2 pin) connects the pin QH (1A) of the demonstration signal output part of the first display device driver U2, and the driving signal input of the signal output part of the second display device driver U3 (pin QH, QG, QF, QE, QD, QC, QB) connection, the second display device DS3 (a~g); The signal input part of the 3rd display device driver U4 (the 1st, 2 pin) connects the pin QH (3A) of the demonstration signal output part of the second display device driver U3, and the signal input part of the signal output part of the 3rd display device driver U4 (pin QH, QG, QF, QE, QD, QC, QB) connection the 3rd display device DS2 (a~g).Wherein, the first display device DS1 is used to show every bunch planting kind number, can show 0~9 totally 10 numerals, and second, third display device DS2, DS3 are used to show the spacing in the rows parameter, can show 0~99 totally 100 numerals.
In addition, the power supply of this sowing controller each several part be the input by the 7th insert row J7 connect power supply VCC and+the 12V power supply, the power end that each pin of the output of the 7th insert row J7 is connected to signal processor UC1, operation panel linkage unit, operation panel, electric-motor drive unit UL1, seed number signal receiving unit, hatch door closure signal receiving element, displacement signal receiving element, display module respectively is its power supply.
The workflow of sowing controller is as follows:
1. the sowing controller system powers on initialization;
2. the position of the switch on the decision operation plate, if when " time-out " position, execution in step 3; If when " beginning " position, execution in step 12;
3. the switch on the operation panel is pushed " time-out " position, the pin K5 of first insert row receives low level signal, this low level signal is being sent to the pin P1.4 of signal processor UC1, after signal processor UC1 receives this signal, then judge the signal that hatch door that whether its MOT1 pin receives that hatch door closure signal receiving element sends is closed, when receiving the signal that this hatch door is closed, execution in step 4;
4. signal processor UC1 waits for the push button signalling input on the operation panel, sows controller system this moment and suspends, and sows the setting of controller system parameter, then execution in step 5;
5. signal processor UC1 receives and stores the signalization of the setting of spacing in the rows parameter, sowing number parameter; Wherein, then still sow the setting of number parameter through the signal that the pin K1 of the first insert row J1 sends for judging the setting of spacing in the rows parameter by operation panel, when the button that the parameter selection is set is pressed " spacing in the rows setting ", when the K1 signal is high level, signal processor UC1 carries out the setting of spacing in the rows parameter, system's execution in step 6; Otherwise when the pin K1 of the first insert row J1 was low level signal, signal processor UC1 sowed the setting of number parameter, system's execution in step 9; When " replacement " when button is pressed, systematic parameter is reset, and returns step 2; Signal processor UC1 then sends control signal by pin RXD to the first display device driver U2 or first, second, third display device driver U2, U3, U4, carries out corresponding demonstration by the first display device driver U2 or first, second, third display device driver U2, U3, the U4 respective drive first display device DS1 or second, third display device DS2, DS3;
6. when parameter being set on the push plate adding a button, the pin K2 of the first insert row J1 sends low level signal, enters step 7; When parameter being set on the push plate subtracting a button, the pin K3 of the first insert row J1 sends low level signal, enters step 8;
7. signal processor UC1 adds storage in the lump to the spacing in the rows parameter, send control and drive signal to second, third display device driver U3, U4 through the first display device driver U2 by pin RXD simultaneously, control and drive second, third display device DS2, DS3 and carry out corresponding demonstration; Then, return step 2;
8. signal processor UC1 subtracts storage in the lump to the spacing in the rows parameter, send control and drive signal to second, third display device driver U3, U4 through the first display device driver U2 by pin RXD simultaneously, control and drive second, third display device DS2, DS3 and carry out corresponding demonstration; Then, return step 2;
9. when parameter being set on the push plate adding a button, the pin K2 of the first insert row J1 sends low level signal, enters step 10; When pressing when parameter being set subtracting a button, the pin K3 of the first insert row J1 sends low level signal, enters step 11;
10. signal processor UC1 receives the low level signal of pin K2, sowing number parameter is added one, and transmit control signal to the first display device driver U2 by pin RXD, makes the first display device DS1 be shown as present sowing number parameter; Then, return step 2;
11. signal processor UC1 receives the low level signal of pin K3, sowing number parameter is subtracted one, and transmit control signal to the first display device driver U2 by pin RXD, makes the first display device DS 1 be shown as present sowing number parameter; Then, return step 2;
12. signal processor UC1 detects the signal whether its pin MOT1 receives that hatch door closure signal receiving element transports, if do not have hatch door closure signal, execution in step 13; Otherwise, execution in step 14;
13. signal processor UC1 sends control signals to electric-motor drive unit UL1, the secondary signal output of control electric-motor drive unit UL1 drives the second motor backward rotation closes hatch door; Follow execution in step 14;
14. signal processor UC1 sends control signal to electric-motor drive unit UL1, first signal output part of control electric-motor drive unit UL1 drives first motor and rotates, and makes and carries the seed crawler belt to rotate, and carries seed to preset case to seed; In this process, be used for surveying first photoelectrical coupler of transferring seed and constantly detect the number that seed falls, and in time send the detection pulse by the pin T0 of seed number signal receiving unit to signal processor UC1, when signal processor UC1 judges that according to this signal seed falls number and reaches the seed number parameter of setting, when promptly the pulse number that sends through seed number signal receiving unit of first photoelectrical coupler equals to be stored in sowing number parameter in the signal processor UC1, execution in step 15; Otherwise, continue execution in step 14;
15. the pulse that sends to signal processor pin T1 through the displacement signal receiving element when displacement transducer equals to be stored in spacing in the rows in the signal processor UC1 when parameter is set, execution in step 16; Otherwise, continue execution in step 15;
16. signal processor UC1 transmits control signal to electric-motor drive unit UL1, the secondary signal output output drive signal of electric-motor drive unit UL1 drives second motor and rotates a circle, and the release seed presets the seed output in the case; When hatch door is closed fully, second photoelectrical coupler produces signal sends to signal processor UC1 through hatch door closure signal receiving element pin MOT1, signal processor UC1 receives the signal that pin MOT1 sends into, and sends stop signal to electric-motor drive unit UL1, controls second motor and stops operating; Afterwards, return step 2.

Claims (5)

1. sower, comprise hitch frame, the seeds case, the device of sowing, under the hitch frame road wheel is set, the seeds case, the device of sowing is arranged on the hitch frame, it is characterized in that: the described device of sowing comprises the sowing controller, first, second motor, first, second photoelectrical coupler, seed transmits crawler belt, the crawler belt drive, funnel connects material, seed presets case, tremie pipe, seed transmits the bottom that crawler belt one end is arranged on the seeds case, the other end stretches out the top of seeds case, and seed transmission crawler belt two ends transmission respectively are provided with first motor, the crawler belt drive; The end bottom that seed transmission crawler belt stretches out the seeds case is provided with the funnel that connects material, the upper opening that seed presets case connects the below that is located at the funnel that connects material, first photoelectrical coupler is arranged on seed and presets case internal upper part seed through the place, seed presets the lower openings of case, this opening part is provided with the switch hatch door, the output shaft interlock of the switch hatch door and second motor is provided with baffle plate on the described switch hatch door, and second photoelectrical coupler is provided with the position of described baffle plate when should the switch hatch door closed; The upper end open of tremie pipe connects and is located at the lower openings place that seed presets case; The driving signal input of first motor connects the first Electric Machine Control output of sowing controller, the driving signal input of second motor connects the second Electric Machine Control output of sowing controller, the signal output part of first photoelectrical coupler connects the number signal input part of sowing of sowing controller, and the signal output part of second photoelectrical coupler connects the switch hatch door position signalling input of sowing controller; On the described road wheel displacement transducer is set, the signal output part of displacement transducer connects the displacement signal input of sowing controller.
2. sower as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sowing controller comprises signal processor, operation panel linkage unit, operation panel, electric-motor drive unit, seed number signal receiving unit, hatch door closure signal receiving element, displacement signal receiving element, display module, wherein, the signal output part of the operation panel signal input part attended operation plate linkage unit of signal processor, the signal input part attended operation plate of operation panel linkage unit; The signal output part of signal processor connects the signal input part of electric-motor drive unit, first signal output part of electric-motor drive unit connects first motor, the secondary signal output of electric-motor drive unit connects second motor, the signal input part of seed number signal receiving unit connects the signal output part of first photoelectrical coupler, the signal input part of hatch door closure signal receiving element connects the signal output part of second photoelectrical coupler, the signal input part of displacement signal receiving element connects the signal output part of displacement transducer, the signal output part of seed number signal receiving unit connects first signal input part of signal processor, the signal output part of hatch door closure signal receiving element connects the secondary signal input of signal processor, and the signal output part of displacement signal receiving element connects the 3rd signal input part of signal processor; The signal input part of display module connects the demonstration signal output part of signal processor.
3. sower as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described display module comprises first, second, third display device, first, second, third display device driver; The signal input part of the first display device driver connects the demonstration signal output part of signal processor, and the signal output part of the first display device driver connects the driving signal input of first display device; The signal input part of the second display device driver connects the demonstration signal output part of the first display device driver, and the signal output part of the second display device driver connects the signal input part of second display device; The signal input part of the 3rd display device driver connects the demonstration signal output part of the second display device driver, and the signal output part of the 3rd display device driver connects the signal input part of the 3rd display device.
4. sower as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described first, second, third display device all adopts seven segment digital tubes, it is the driving chip of 74LS164 that described first, second, third display device driver all adopts model, wherein, the signal input part of the second display device driver connects first pin of the first display device driver output end, and the signal input part of the 3rd display device driver connects first pin of the second display device driver output end.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described sowers, it is characterized in that: it is the single-chip microcomputer of AT89C51 that described signal processor adopts model, and it is the driving chip of ULN2803 that electric-motor drive unit UL1 adopts model.
CN2008101412268A 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Seeder Expired - Fee Related CN101658090B (en)

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CN101658090B true CN101658090B (en) 2011-06-22

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103749045B (en) * 2014-02-18 2015-06-03 福州大学 Opto-electro-mechanical seeding machine
CN104472076B (en) * 2014-12-18 2019-06-11 山东理工大学 A kind of wheat rice bunch planting dual-purpose type seeding apparatus
CN106538119B (en) * 2016-11-02 2018-12-04 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 Hand propelled pneumatic type seeder
CN111386804A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-10 贵州省油料研究所(贵州省香料研究所) Small-sized hand-held self-propelled air pressure type rape seed and fertilizer co-sowing device and control method
CN115462220A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-12-13 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院绥化分院 Automatic kidney bean sowing equipment

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