CN101651619A - Ad hoc network routing method based on label circular shift of MAC layer - Google Patents
Ad hoc network routing method based on label circular shift of MAC layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101651619A CN101651619A CN200910102395A CN200910102395A CN101651619A CN 101651619 A CN101651619 A CN 101651619A CN 200910102395 A CN200910102395 A CN 200910102395A CN 200910102395 A CN200910102395 A CN 200910102395A CN 101651619 A CN101651619 A CN 101651619A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ad hoc network routing method based on the label circular shift of an MAC layer. The method comprises the following steps: (a) when a source node transmits a data packet, putting routing information comprising labels in an address field of an MAC frame, putting the data packet in a body field of the MAC frame and then sending out the MAC frame; (b) if the address field in the data packet received by an intermediate node only comprises one label, taking out the data packet in the body field of the MAC frame and transmitting the data packet upward to an IP layer and completing the transmission of the data packet; if the address field comprises more than one label, shifting all the labels in the address field circularly and then transmitting the MAC frame to a nodecorresponding to a first label in the address field after circular shift; and (c) carrying out the operation step (b) circularly until completing the transmission of the data packet. In the invention,the ad hoc network routing method carries label routing by the address field of the MAC frame, thereby transmitting the data packet only by the MAC of the intermediate node instead of the IP layer, and enhancing the network performance greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the route technology in the wireless network, particularly a kind of ad hoc network route method of realizing the packet route at the MAC layer.
Background technology
The provisional network of multi-hop that Ad hoc network is made up of one group of portable terminal that has a wireless transmitter, each portable terminal has the function of main frame and router simultaneously.Ad hoc network has characteristics such as no center control nodes, inorganization, network topology dynamic change.Because all nodes all have mobility in the Ad hoc network, and can dynamically keep and the getting in touch of other nodes, have the advantage of networking temporarily.Therefore, ad hoc network often is applied to fields such as military field, the shockproof disaster relief, emergency communication.
Ad Hoc as required distance vector routing protocol (Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance VectorRouting, AODV) and dynamic source routing protocol (Dynamic Source Routing DSR) is two kinds of on-demand routing protocols that are applied in the Ad hoc network.These two agreements all are to finish route and packet forward work in network layer.In ad hoc network, when a wireless network card (NIC:networkinterface card) was received a Frame, at first frame head if NIC is the recipient of this frame, was then taken out in the analysis purpose address, gives network layer grouping.In fact the process of giving network layer packet from NIC needs the memory of data from the memory transfer of NIC to main frame.Network layer is sought its routing table then, finds out the next-hop ip address of this grouping, and next-hop ip address is obtained MAC Address by ARP agreement or searching high-speed cache, then gives the MAC Address encapsulation of MAC layer with next jumping grouping.The above process major function of network layer as can be seen is exactly the IP/MAC address of next jumping of decision.Wherein related to many steps, comprised data are moved on to main frame from network interface, moved on to network interface from main frame again, search routing table, encapsulation and decapsulation etc.These operations have consumed a large amount of time, the energy and memory resource, and these all are very valuable resource for self-organized network nodes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in ad hoc network to realize Routing Protocol, to improve transmission rate and service quality in the ad hoc network based on the MAC layer.Realize the packet forward of packet at the MAC layer.
A kind of ad hoc network route method based on MAC layer label circular shift comprises:
When a) source node sends packet, will be placed on by the routing iinformation that label is formed in the address field of mac frame, packet will be placed on the body territory of mac frame, then mac frame be sent;
B) intermediate node is received and is judged the number of label in the address field when the first label in the address field is self label data bag; If address field only comprises a label, then take out the packet in the mac frame body territory, and be uploaded to the IP layer, finish the transmission of packet; If the label that address field comprises is more than one,, again this mac frame is sent to after the cyclic shift node of first label correspondence in the address field then with all label circular shifts in the address field;
C) cycling step b) is until the transmission of finishing packet.
The size in mac-layer address territory is fixed, and size is smaller, only can hold 2-6 IP address or MAC Address.Therefore the present invention replaces IP address and MAC Address with short label, and the mac-layer address territory just can hold more label like this.The label of each node is unique, and is corresponding one by one with IP addresses of nodes.
When source node sends packet, will be placed on by the routing iinformation that label is formed in the address field of mac frame, packet will be placed on the body territory of mac frame, then mac frame be sent.When intermediate node is received packet, check that at first the first label in the address field is self label, if not then abandoning this mac frame.If first label is the label of oneself, illustrate that this node is intermediate node or the destination node in the packet repeating process.This node checks whether address field only comprises a label then.If only comprise a label, illustrate that so this node is a destination node, MAC takes out the packet in the mac frame body territory, and is uploaded to the IP layer, this data packet transmission success.If it is middle forward node that the label that address field comprises, illustrates this node so more than one, this node is with all label circular shifts in the address field.Cyclic shift is equivalent to all labels of first label back in the address field are moved forward the length of a label, more original first label is placed on the address field afterbody.Then, intermediate node is sent to after the cyclic shift node of first label correspondence in the address field with this mac frame.
When intermediate node when the MAC layer is transmitted unicast packet, if reach certain repeating transmission number of times, link down is described so, at this moment need to interrupt to source node report route.When packet is transmitted at the MAC layer, the label of address field adopts is that the mode of cyclic shift is handled, and address field carried the complete route of source node to destination node, so can send the route interrupt message as routing iinformation to source node with the label of address field afterbody.
Ad hoc network route method of the present invention comes identification nodes with the label of 8bits, and the address field by mac frame carries the label route, thereby allows the MAC layer of the intermediate node that the transmission course of packet only passes through, and need not pass through the IP layer.Theory analysis and simulation result show that with respect to the on-demand routing protocol AODV and the DSR of classics, the inventive method has promoted the performance of network each side greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the encapsulation format schematic diagram of route request information RREQ and routing reply message RREP in the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is a mac layer frame process chart in the inventive method;
Fig. 3 is an IP layer bag process chart in the inventive method.
Embodiment:
Two tables of each node maintenance in the network, IP-label-route pointer mapping table and label routing table.IP-label-route pointer mapping table provides the mapping between IP address, label, the route pointer three, and node can obtain corresponding label and route pointer according to the IP address.Route pointer is pointed to the list item in the label routing table, and what wherein deposit is to sign route to the table of corresponding IP address.
The inventive method implementation process is as follows:
The foundation of label route:
The first step: route requests
When source node need send data, check at first whether IP-label-route pointer mapping table covers the route pointer of destination node, if there is not corresponding route pointer, the route that does not arrive destination node is described, initiates route requests so.Be provided with and broadcasting route request information RREQ, the RREQ timer is set simultaneously.RREQ comprises source node address, destination node address, broadcasting ID and routed domain (referring to Fig. 1).Wherein to broadcast ID be unique and increase progressively, in the middle of routed domain is used to deposit through IP addresses of nodes and label.The IP address and the label of RREQ Message Record intermediate node.
When an intermediate node received a RREQ message, it checked at first this RREQ whether receive by head.If head is received, then it is recorded in the RREQ table.Receive if not head is inferior, then abandon.The RREQ that the RREQ table record is received, and keep a period of time, be used to check whether repeat to receive the RREQ that has write down basically.For the RREQ that receives first, intermediate node adds its own IP address and label in the RREQ message routed domain to, simultaneously the routing iinformation that has write down in the RREQ message is added in self routing table, broadcasts amended RREQ to its neighbor node then.
When RREQ message arrived destination node, it checked at first this RREQ whether receive by head.If head is received, then it is recorded in the RREQ table, and will replys RREQ.Receive if not head is inferior, then abandon.
Second step: routing reply
Destination node is at first added the routing iinformation that has write down in the RREQ message in self routing table, and this routing iinformation can be used for the data packet transmission of destination node to source node.Destination node is modified as RREP by changing the type field in the RREQ message with its type, generates routing reply message RREP, utilizes the routing iinformation that extracts from RREQ that RREP is unicast to source node then.Intermediate node is transmitted RREP at the MAC layer, and the pass-through mode of pass-through mode and packet is identical.
When source node is successfully received RREP, its extracts and is recorded in IP address and label all among the RREP, adds in the routing table then.But do not receive corresponding RREP when the timer of source node is expired, do not retransmit number of times if also do not reach maximum RREQ this moment, source node is initiated the route requests process again so.Retransmit number of times if reach maximum RREQ, source node report upper strata destination node is unreachable so.
The process of transmitting of packet:
When source node sends packet, will be placed on by the routing iinformation that label is formed in the address field of DATA type mac frame, packet will be placed on the body territory of DATA type mac frame, then DATA type mac frame be sent with mode of unicast.When intermediate node MAC layer is received DATA type mac frame, check that at first the first label in the address field is self label, if not then abandoning this DATA type mac frame.If first label is the label of oneself, illustrate that this node is intermediate node or the destination node in the packet repeating process.This node checks whether address field only comprises a label then.If only comprise a label, illustrate that so this node is a destination node, MAC takes out the packet in the DATA type mac frame body territory, and is uploaded to the IP layer, this data packet transmission success.If the label that address field comprises is more than one, illustrate that so this node is middle forward node, this node is all label circular shifts in the address field, then will this amended DATA type mac frame be sent to the node of first label correspondence in the present address field with mode of unicast.
When the MAC layer is received broadcasting DATA type mac frame, simply take out the packet in the body territory, be uploaded to the IP layer then.For broadcasting DATA type mac frame, its address field does not contain label, only contains the sign that does not belong to label.
The maintenance of label route.
1.IP-the list item in label-route pointer mapping table and the label routing table, when data sent or arrive, the life span of corresponding clauses and subclauses can be upgraded.And do not obtain the clauses and subclauses upgraded, deletion automatically after life span arrives.
2. when two internodal links disconnections or the inefficacy of certain intermediate node, the upstream node of disconnecting link need send route interrupt message RERR to source node, with the report link down.
In the present invention, the forwarding of packet operation occurs in the MAC layer of intermediate node.Because the packet of transmitting is without the IP layer of intermediate node, so only can confirm the correct reception of packet with link-layer acknowledgment mechanism.Link-layer acknowledgment mechanism promptly is that the ACK in the MAC layer confirms, can reply the ACK frame after next hop node is correctly received the DATA frame.If middle forward node is not received corresponding ACK frame, this node then is described to the link down between next-hop node, this node need produce RERR message, and unicasts to the interruption of source node report route.
3. after source node is received RERR, corresponding route in the deletion routing table.If source node also has packet to send, then initiate route requests again, to set up new route.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of ad hoc network route method based on MAC layer label circular shift is characterized in that:
When a) source node sends packet, will be placed on by the routing iinformation that label is formed in the address field of mac frame, packet will be placed on the body territory of mac frame, then mac frame be sent;
B) intermediate node is received and is judged the number of label in the address field when the first label in the address field is self label data bag; If address field only comprises a label, then take out the packet in the mac frame body territory, and be uploaded to the IP layer, finish the transmission of packet; If the label that address field comprises is more than one,, again this mac frame is sent to after the cyclic shift node of first label correspondence in the address field then with all label circular shifts in the address field;
C) cycling step b) is until the transmission of finishing packet.
2, ad hoc network route method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: if find link down when intermediate node when the MAC layer is transmitted unicast packet, intermediate node sends the route interrupt message according to the route of carrying in the address field to source node.
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| CN2009101023955A CN101651619B (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Ad hoc network routing method based on label circular shift of MAC layer |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101835236A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 浙江大学 | Method for realizing label routing and packet exchange of driver layer-based mobile ad hoc network |
| CN102158331A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-08-17 | 浙江工商大学 | MAC (Media Access Control) layer reliable multicasting method of wireless ad hoc network |
| CN103763750A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for fast achieving packet forwarding in wireless ad hoc network of TDMA protocol |
| CN107396418A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | The implementation method of non-stop layer self-organizing network based on LoRa |
| CN109362114A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-19 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of path expression method of the dynamic source routing based on label |
| WO2019218813A1 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for routing |
-
2009
- 2009-09-07 CN CN2009101023955A patent/CN101651619B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101835236A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 浙江大学 | Method for realizing label routing and packet exchange of driver layer-based mobile ad hoc network |
| CN101835236B (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2012-03-28 | 浙江大学 | Method for realizing label routing and packet exchange of driver layer-based mobile ad hoc network |
| CN102158331A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-08-17 | 浙江工商大学 | MAC (Media Access Control) layer reliable multicasting method of wireless ad hoc network |
| CN102158331B (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2013-10-30 | 浙江工商大学 | MAC (Media Access Control) layer reliable multicasting method of wireless ad hoc network |
| CN103763750A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for fast achieving packet forwarding in wireless ad hoc network of TDMA protocol |
| CN103763750B (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2017-02-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for fast achieving packet forwarding in wireless ad hoc network of TDMA protocol |
| CN107396418A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | The implementation method of non-stop layer self-organizing network based on LoRa |
| WO2019218813A1 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for routing |
| CN110505600A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for routing and device |
| EP3780671A4 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2021-03-10 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and device for routing |
| CN110505600B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2022-05-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Routing method and device |
| US11792124B2 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2023-10-17 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Routing method and apparatus to transmit data packets to nodes |
| CN109362114A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-19 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of path expression method of the dynamic source routing based on label |
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| CN101651619B (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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