CN102695192A - Routing scheme for IPv6 wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Routing scheme for IPv6 wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a routing scheme for an IPv6 wireless sensor network. As a novel network, a novel dynamic routing protocol is needed in the IPv6 ubiquitous sensor network. The routing scheme of the IPv6 wireless sensor network starts from an AODV agreement, comprehensively considers the network's characteristics of self-organization, low consumption and low efficiency and improves and innovates with regard to message formats, routing mechanisms, procedures of route selection and decision, routing maintenance and fault-tolerant processing. This invention brings forward a dynamic route protocol MSRP suitable to the IPv6 ubiquitous sensor network. A MSPP works on an adaptation layer and can automatically establish and maintain multi-hop routes between nodes of IEEE802.15.4 in the wireless sensor network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of routing plan of IPv6 wireless sensor network.
Background technology
IPv6 is the emphasis of next generation network development, and IPv6 is introduced wireless sensor network, is a direction of wireless sensor network development.Not only can realize interconnecting of itself and Internet based on the wireless sensor network of IPv6, can also become the important application of following IPv6, and then carry forward vigorously the development of IPv6.A kind of multi-hop mobility peer-to-peer network that adopts communication that wireless sensor network is made up of the sensor node of the low-power consumption that has radio communication and computing capability in a large number, low complexity.It does not need foundation structure, and each sensor node dynamic self-organization forms network, the information of perceptive object in cooperation ground perception, collection and the processing network's coverage area, and send to the observer.Wireless sensor network has been expanded people's information obtaining ability; The physical message of objective world is linked together with the transmission network; Be not only applicable to legacy network, more be applicable to be applied in line access mode the environment that can't reach of inefficient occasion and people.
The top priority of the Routing Protocol of traditional wireless Ad-hoc network design is the providing of high quality-of-service under the mobile condition; Characteristics according to existing wireless sensor network Routing Protocol implementation method; Can they roughly be divided into four types: flood Routing Protocol, hierarchy type Routing Protocol, data-centered Routing Protocol; And the Routing Protocol of position-based information, their characteristics and representative protocol separately are following:
The flood Routing Protocol: this agreement is a kind of ancient agreement.It does not need the topological structure of maintaining network and route to calculate, and the node that receives message is transmitted packet to all neighborss with the forms of broadcasting.Sensor network for self-organizing; The flood route is a kind of directly implementation method, but " implosion " and " overlapping " that bring message easily, and it does not consider the restriction of energy aspect; Have the shortcoming of " resource blind spot ", on behalf of agreement, it Flooding is arranged.
The hierarchy type Routing Protocol: its basic thought is with the sensor node sub-clustering, and communication is accomplished by leader cluster node in bunch, and leader cluster node carries out data gathering and transmits amount of information with synthetic to reduce, and last leader cluster node sends the data of assembling to terminal node.This mode can satisfy the extensibility of sensor network, keeps the energy consumption of sensing node effectively, thereby prolongs network lifecycle.Represent agreement that LEACH etc. is arranged.
Data-centered Routing Protocol: it proposes the data in the sensor network are named with specific describing mode, and data transmit based on data query and rely on numerical nomenclature, and all data communication all are limited in the subrange.The communication of this mode no longer relies on specific node, but depends on the data in the network, thereby has reduced a large amount of repeated and redundant data that transmit in the network, has reduced unnecessary spending, has prolonged network lifecycle.Represent agreement that DirectedDiffusion etc. is arranged.
The Routing Protocol of position-based information: it utilizes the positional information of node, gives the region that needs inquiry or data forwarding, thus the transmission scope of reduction data.The Routing Protocol of in fact many sensor networks supposes that all the positional information of node is known, so can utilize the positional information of node that node is divided into different zones easily.Carry out the data transmission based on the territory and can reduce transmission scope mitigation intermediate node, thereby prolong network lifecycle.Represent agreement that GEAR etc. is arranged.
It is much different that the design of wireless sensor network Routing Protocol and traditional wireless Ad-hoc network have, and the important goal of wireless sensor network routing Design is to reduce the node energy loss, improves network lifecycle.It has many different characteristics with traditional wireless ad hoc network:
No overall identification: sensing node quantity is huge, safeguards that overall identification needs a large amount of expenses, therefore is different from traditional IP-based Routing Protocol, in sensor network, does not generally adopt overall identification;
Many-one communication: be different from the point-to-point communication of legacy network, nearly all application all requires the multiple source sensing node that the data flow that senses is sent to specific node in sensor network;
Data redundancy is big: the multiple source sensing node all might obtain a large amount of similar data under many scenes, so the redundant data of sensor network is big;
The resource limitation is strong: the resource limit of sensing node is very big, and the energy, disposal ability and memory space all are confined in the very low scope on sending power consumption, the plate.
As a kind of new network, the ubiquitous sensor network of IPv6 must need novel dynamic routing protocol.Traditional sensor network Routing Protocol communicates based on sign in the net, rather than the IP address.In addition, owing to routing causes extensibility not high based on application message, thereby be not suitable for the ubiquitous sensor network of IPv6.Traditional I Pv6 dynamic routing protocol is only considered the connectedness and the efficient of network topology, does not consider Self-organizing Sensor Networks, low in power consumption, thereby also inapplicable.Though and the dynamic routing protocol of Ad-hoc network has been considered self-organization of network property, also can't satisfy the specific (special) requirements of IPv6 sensor network aspect power consumption, speed.
Summary of the invention
Therefore on the basis of further investigation existing routing protocol; Research trends in conjunction with International Standards Organization; The present invention is from AODV agreement (the Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing); Characteristics such as self-organization of network, low-power consumption, low rate have been taken all factors into consideration; Improve from aspects such as message format, routing mechanism, routing and decision process, route maintenance and fault-tolerant processing and innovate, proposed to be applicable to the dynamic routing protocol MSRP (MicroSensorRouter Protocol, microsensor Routing Protocol) of the ubiquitous sensor network of IPv6.MSRP is operated on the adaptation layer, in wireless sensor network, can between the IEEE802.15.4 node, set up and safeguard the multi-hop route automatically.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
A kind of method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) use 64 bit interface identifier of IEEE802.15.4 definition to carry out routing procedure to the node in the said network;
2) the following three types message structure of definition: route request information table RREQ, routing reply message table RREP, routing error message table RRER;
3) adopt comprise main road by with two list item routing mechanisms of route stand-by, each node maintenance master routing table, route stand-by table, go into oral thermometer, and the copy of preservation route request information table RREQ;
4) employing drives routing mechanism as required, and when needs sent data, source node was just initiated the route querying process in network.
Further:
Described request message table RREQ comprises following field: type, jumping figure, route requests ID, source address, destination node, energy and, route record; Said routing reply message table RREP comprises following field: type, sign, jumping figure, source address, destination node, route record; Said routing error message table RRER comprises following field: the address of the end node that type, link are made mistakes, other end address of node, the sequence node that link is made mistakes.
Saidly go into oral thermometer and comprise following field: route record, source address, type of message sign, life span; Said routing table comprises following field: device type, distinguish main road by the interface identifier of the interface identifier of the sign of still route stand-by, the network mark knowledge of individual territory, jumping limit, life span, route LQI value, destination address, next hop address, route record, energy and.
Adopt following routing policy: by the close groups of nodes cluster of function, the node that prescribed energy is many is a bunch head, and bunch interior nodes is pooled to a bunch head with data, by a bunch head data is sent to server then; Adopt the scheme of multirouting, set up two routes to bunch head, one be main road by, another is a route stand-by, when main road is launched route stand-by when invalid; Node is given a bunch interior nodes broadcasting before the dormancy, announce own dormancy time, and it is invalid that bunch interior nodes is made as the route of following this node to be correlated with, and a timer that timing is longer than dormancy time is set, when timer then after, be made as route again effectively; When bunch primarily sending data to server, must be forwarded to server, set up a multi-hop route to server through other bunch head; Route request information is carried the energy information through all nodes, so that judge when selecting route.
Route querying process in the said step 4) is:
When the source node desire was sent data, it checked at first whether buffer memory has the route to destination node for oneself, if effective route is then sent data, sets up process otherwise source node begins following route:
Broadcast a route requests RREQ and divide into groups, comprising destination node address, source node address and route record, energy summation;
Intermediate node is received after this RREQ; Whether inspection is gone into has the item corresponding with this request in the oral thermometer, if having, then directly abandon this RREQ; Be established to the reverse route of source node simultaneously; The path that intermediate node is selected the maximum RREQ process of an energy summation as temporary transient main road by, and select one with main road by disjoint energy summation less than temporary transient main road by route as route stand-by, node is added to the route record part among the RREQ with the address of oneself then; Energy with oneself is added to energy summation part simultaneously, and transmits and should divide into groups;
Destination node will receive the RREQ bag that comes from different paths, destination node select the maximum paths of energy wherein as main road by, send routing reply message table RREP to source node, also send with main road by disjoint route stand-by RREP;
When intermediate node receives that a route stand-by is replied RREP; It is kept at this route in the route stand-by table and continues transmission RREP bag; When intermediate node receive to main road by answer RREP the time; This intermediate node in main routing table and continue to this RREP bag of source node S transmission, and sends RREP that note has temporary transient route stand-by to this route record as the route stand-by of source node to this intermediate node to source node.
To RFD equipment in the IPv6 wireless sensor network and FFD equipment; Adopt route to distinguish mechanism; Promptly RFD equipment is not carried out the configuration of MSRP Routing Protocol, only keep the default route of a single-hop, when RFD sends data to the FFD of RFD adding network; Directly send to data its default route FFD, carry out route querying and transfer of data by this FFD.
FFD equipment in the IPv6 wireless sensor network is carried out following route sets up process:
When source node sends RREQ, at first search local routing table, do not exist if be found to the route of destination address, then the buffer memory current data packet is carried out the MSRP route and is set up process, promptly encapsulates the RREQ message, broadcasts and sends RREQ message;
After intermediate node is received RREQ, at first judge oneself to be destination node, if not; Then inquiry is routed into oral thermometer, if route table items Already in shows to receive the identical RREQID and the RREQ of route record; Then abandon this RREQ,, then arrive the route of RREQ source address in the table of query and routing if there is not the list item that to enter the mouth; If there has been this route, so relatively these two routes select the maximum route of energy to store; If there is not this route; The path of selecting the maximum RREQ process of energy as temporary transient main road by, and select one with main road by disjoint route as route stand-by, set up two reverse routes to the RREQ source address; Node is added to the route record part among the RREQ with the address of oneself then, and oneself energy is added to energy summation part and transmits this grouping;
After destination node receives RREQ, if judge that destination address is oneself, many RREQ message informations of nodal cache then, selects an energy maximum as main road by, to source node transmission RREP; And select one with main road by disjoint and energy is big as route stand-by, send RREP;
After intermediate node was received RREP, the main road that is established to destination node perhaps was updated to the route table items of destination node, and is transmitted RREP by, route stand-by.
Adopt following sensing route maintenance and fault-tolerant processing mechanism: if intermediate node sends the ACK frame that data do not receive that in the regular hour neighbor node is confirmed to neighbor node; And still do not receive the ACK frame that this neighbor node is confirmed after retransmitting these data; Show that this neighbor node lost efficacy; Then send a RERR message to source node, this RERR message comprises the address at those two ends of jumping of making a mistake; Receive routing error message intermediate node deletion all comprise the route that is jumped; After source node is received RERR, launch route stand-by, resend data, if route stand-by is also invalid, source node is received RERR bag once more, then initiates route requests again, set up new main road by and route stand-by.
The present invention has the following advantages: from the AODV agreement; Characteristics such as self-organization of network, low-power consumption, low rate have been taken all factors into consideration; Improve from aspects such as message format, routing mechanism, routing and decision process, route maintenance and fault-tolerant processing and innovate, proposed to be applicable to the dynamic routing protocol MSRP of the ubiquitous sensor network of IPv6.MSRP is operated on the adaptation layer, can in wireless sensor network, set up and safeguard the multi-hop route between the IEEE802.15.4 node automatically.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a sensor network Routing Protocol MSRP sketch map;
Fig. 2 is that RREP distinguishes machine-processed flow chart.
Embodiment
Compare with traditional wireless sensor networks with wireless Ad-hoc network, the IPv6 wireless sensor network has the characteristics of himself, and these characteristics have determined it can not indiscriminately imitate existing Routing Protocol, and are specific as follows:
The routing of IPv6 address.Node has globally unique IPv6 address, and transfer of data adopts the TCP/IPv6 agreement to communicate between the node, needs IP to carry out main frame or subnet route.
Extensibility.Node is formed the network of foundation-free facility through the mode of self, oneself's healing, when node failure, new node adding and node motion etc., all can cause network topology structure dynamically to change.Therefore, the Routing Protocol of design must have extensibility, can adapt to the variation of network configuration.
Energy-efficient.Node operates on the hardware platform that power consumption is limited, storage resources is limited, computing capability is limited; The Routing Protocol of design not only will be selected the little message path of energy consumption; And designing requirement is simple; Can realize message transmission efficiently, therefore need to consider factors such as node energy, radio link quality.
Wireless sensor network is used to transmit ambient data information and some simple control signals, and data volume is little, and less demanding to real-time, is a kind of network that can tolerate delay.
In conjunction with the characteristics of IPv6 wireless sensor network, analyse in depth existing achievement in research about dynamic routing protocol in the self-organizing network, the present invention proposes a kind of Routing Protocol MSRP that is applicable to sensor network.The multi-hop route can set up and safeguard to the proposition of MSRP based on the design philosophy of AODV between the IEEE802.15.4 node in wireless sensor network.
The MSRP Routing Protocol is operated on the adaptation layer, and is as shown in Figure 1.In order to reduce the size of storage item and transmission and reception message; MSRP uses 64 bit interface identifier rather than the IPv6 address of IEEE802.15.4 definition to carry out routing procedure to the node in the IPv6 wireless sensor network; The IPv6 address is confirmed by 64 bit interface identifier of unique IEEE802.15.4 definition according to the address mapping ruler.Therefore the miniature protocol stack of IPv6 can carry out transfer of data according to the route that MSRP sets up.
One, MSRP message format
In order to reduce the consumption of sensor node energy, it is crucial that effective routing protocol packet form is simplified in design.The characteristics of combined sensor network of the present invention, the type of message of the MSRP Routing Protocol of design comprise three kinds of RREQ, RREP and RERR.Their form is described respectively below:
RREQ: route request information (like table 1);
The RREQ message format
Table 1
Wherein:
Type: 000, expression RREQ type of message;
Jumping figure: the jumping figure from the source node to the present node that the RREQ message carries;
Route requests ID: unique identification RREQ message;
Source address: initiate perhaps 64 bit interface identifier of the IEEE802.15.4 definition of certain RFD (half function device) node of this node of RREQ node;
64 bit interface identifier of the purpose IEEE802.15.4 definition of destination node: RREQ request route;
Energy and: energy from source node to this node with;
Route record: from the source node to the destination node the sequence node of process.
RREP: routing reply message (like table 2);
The RREPSN message format
Table 2
Wherein:
Type: 001, expression RREP type of message;
The sign: 1, the expression main road by, 0, the expression route stand-by;
Jumping figure: the jumping figure from the source node to the present node that the RREP message carries;
Source address: initiate perhaps 64 bit interface identifier of the IEEE802.15.4 definition of certain RFD node of this node of RREQ node;
Destination node: RREP initiates 64 bit interface identifier of the IEEE802.15.4 definition of node;
Route record: routing reply the sequence node that will record a demerit.
RERR: routing error message (like table 3);
Table RERR message format
Table 3
Wherein:
Type: 010, expression RERR type of message;
The address of the end node that link is made mistakes;
The other end address of node that link is made mistakes;
Sequence node: routing error message the route that will pass through.
Two, two list item routing mechanisms
Under the sensor network specific environment; Routing Protocol will be avoided the generation of loop, reduces the transmission of invalid packets, and effectively writes down route; Adapt to the dynamic change of network topology structure; Improve the efficient of transmission of messages, so MSRP need safeguard a kind of oral thermometer of going into, and the route tableau format of safeguarding is changed accordingly.
Go into oral thermometer and see table 4:
Table 4
Wherein:
Route record: RREQ bag through the sequence node in path;
RREQ source address: initiate perhaps 64 bit interface identifier of the IEEE802.15.4 definition of certain RFD node of this node of RREQ node;
RREQID: the sign of this RREQSN type of message;
Life span: this goes into the life span of oral thermometer list item;
Routing table is seen table 5
Table 5
Wherein:
Type: be used to distinguish two kinds of device types: bunch head (0) and bunch in member (1);
Sign: differentiation be main road by or route stand-by, 1 be main road by;
PANID:PAN (individual territory net) identifier;
Jumping limit: the jumping figure of this route;
Life span: the life span of this routing table list item;
Route LQI value: the LQI of the minimum of this route (quality of connection) value;
The interface identifier of destination address: 64 bit interface identifier of the IEEE802.15.4 definition of this route final address;
Next hop address interface identifier: 64 bit interface identifier of the IEEE802.15.4 definition of the next hop address of this route place present node;
Route record: this route the sequence node of process;
Energy and: the energy of these all nodes of route with.
Three, sensing path by routing and decision process
The MSRP Routing Protocol is the Routing Protocol of driving as required truly, is a kind of routing algorithm of route of when needing to send data, just searching.In this Routing Protocol, node need not safeguarded routing iinformation promptly and accurately, and only when when destination node is sent message, source node is just initiated the route querying process in network, find corresponding route.It is little to drive routing protocol overhead so as required, the energy-conservation requirement of coincidence senser network node.Its routing and decision process are following:
1. by the close groups of nodes cluster of function, designated treatment ability, the node that energy is many are a bunch head.Bunch interior nodes is pooled to a bunch head with data, by a bunch head data is sent to server then.
2. adopt the scheme of multirouting, set up 2 routes to bunch head, main road is by, route stand-by, when main road by invalid, launch route stand-by.
3. give bunch interior nodes broadcasting an announcement bag before the dormancy node dormancy; Tell bunch interior nodes own dormancy, announce the dormancy time of oneself, bunch interior nodes is invalid being made as with the relevant route of this node; And a timer is set; Timing is longer than dormancy time, when timer then after, be made as route again effectively.
4. bunch primarily send data to server, then be forwarded to server, set up 1 multi-hop route to server through other bunch head.
5. route request information is carried the energy information through all nodes, so that judge when selecting route.
When a node desires to send data to destination node, it checks at first whether buffer memory has the route to destination node for oneself.If effective route is then sent data.If there is not effective route, source node just begins route and sets up process.Route requests RREQ of its broadcasting divides into groups, comprising destination node address, source node address and route record, energy summation etc.Two routing tables of each node maintenance: main routing table and route stand-by table.Each node maintenance is gone into oral thermometer, preserves the copy of route request information table RREQ, and node is received after this RREQ; Whether inspection is gone into has the item corresponding with this request in the oral thermometer, if having, then directly abandon this RREQ; Be established to the reverse route of source node simultaneously; The path that intermediate node is selected the maximum RREQ process of an energy summation as temporary transient main road by, and select one with main road by disjoint energy summation less than temporary transient main road by route as route stand-by, node is added to the route record part among the RREQ with the address of oneself then; Energy with oneself is added to energy summation part simultaneously, and transmits and should divide into groups.
Destination node will receive the RREQ bag that comes from different paths, destination node select the maximum optimal path of an energy as main road by, send routing reply message table RREP to source node, also send with main road by disjoint route stand-by RREP.When intermediate node received that a route stand-by is replied RREP, it was kept at this route in the route stand-by table and continues transmission RREP bag.When intermediate node receive to main road by answer RREP the time, main road by in from source node to this intermediate node the path therewith the temporary transient main road stored of intermediate node by unanimity, because they all are the optimal paths from source node to this intermediate node.At this moment this intermediate node in main routing table and continue to this RREP bag of source node transmission, and sends RREP that note has temporary transient route stand-by to this route record as the route stand-by of source node to this intermediate node to source node.
IEEE802.15.4 defines two kinds of device types; RFD and FFD (full-function device); RFD can only communicate with the FFD that it adds network, and FFD can communicate with neighbours' FFD, so just reaches into two kinds of topological structures: star structure and fully connected topology.
In order to be applicable to this mixed topological structure and equipment characteristic; The present invention designs a kind of route and distinguishes mechanism, promptly as far as RFD equipment, only keeps a single-hop adds the FFD of network to RFD default route; When RFD sends data; Directly send to data its default route FFD, carry out route querying and transfer of data, thereby possibly preserve the energy of RFD equipment greatly to the greatest extent by this FFD.Therefore RFD does not carry out the configuration of MSRP Routing Protocol, reduces the RFD memory requirement.For FFD equipment, the route below carrying out is set up process.
1) sends RREQ
In the sensor network; When a node will send data to destination node, at first search local routing table, do not exist if be found to the route of destination address; Then the buffer memory current data packet is carried out the MSRP route and is set up process---encapsulation RREQ message, and broadcast and send RREQ message.
2) intermediate node is received RREQ
After intermediate node is received RREQ, at first judge own whether destination node, if not, then inquire about and be routed into oral thermometer, if route table items Already in show to receive the identical RREQID and the RREQ of route record, then abandon this RREQ.If there is not the list item that to enter the mouth, then arrive the route of RREQ source address in the table of query and routing, if there has been this route; Compare these two routes so; Select the maximum route of energy to store, if there is not this route, the path that node is selected the maximum RREQ process of an energy as temporary transient main road by; And select one with main road by disjoint route as route stand-by, set up two reverse routes to the RREQ source address.Node is added to the route record part among the RREQ with the address of oneself then, and oneself energy is added to energy summation part and transmits this grouping.
3) destination node receives RREQ and sends RREP
If it is oneself that node is judged destination address, many RREQ message informations of nodal cache then, selects an energy maximum as main road by, to source node transmission RREP; And select one with main road by disjoint and energy is bigger comparatively speaking as route stand-by, send RREP.
4) intermediate node is received RREP
As shown in Figure 2, intermediate node is received RREP, and the main road that then is established to destination node perhaps is updated to the route table items of destination node, and is transmitted RREP by, route stand-by.
Four, sensing route maintenance and fault-tolerant processing process
The MSRP Routing Protocol that the present invention proposes does not adopt traditional AODV agreement hello packet to safeguard; But judge the neighbor node reliability according to the ack msg frame of IEEE802.15.4 standard code; If intermediate node sends the ACK frame that data do not receive that in the regular hour neighbor node is confirmed to neighbor node; Retransmit after these data if still do not receive the ACK frame that this neighbor node is confirmed, show that this neighbor node lost efficacy, then send a RERR message to source node.This message comprises the address at those two ends of jumping of making a mistake.The intermediate node of receiving routing error message will be deleted all and comprise the route that is jumped, and after source node is received RERR, launches route stand-by, resends data.If route stand-by is also invalid, source node is received RERR bag once more, then initiates route requests again, set up new main road by and route stand-by.
Claims (8)
1. the method for routing of an IPv6 wireless sensor network is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) use 64 bit interface identifier of IEEE802.15.4 definition to carry out routing procedure to the node in the said network;
2) the following three types message structure of definition: route request information table RREQ, routing reply message table RREP, routing error message table RRER;
3) adopt comprise main road by with two list item routing mechanisms of route stand-by, each node maintenance master routing table, route stand-by table, go into oral thermometer, and the copy of preservation route request information table RREQ;
4) employing drives routing mechanism as required, and when needs sent data, source node was just initiated the route querying process in network.
2. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described request message table RREQ comprises following field: type, jumping figure, route requests ID, source address, destination node, energy and, route record;
Said routing reply message table RREP comprises following field: type, sign, jumping figure, source address, destination node, route record;
Said routing error message table RRER comprises following field: the address of the end node that type, link are made mistakes, other end address of node, the sequence node that link is made mistakes.
3. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Saidly go into oral thermometer and comprise following field: route record, source address, type of message sign, life span;
Said routing table comprises following field: device type, distinguish main road by the interface identifier of the interface identifier of the sign of still route stand-by, the network mark knowledge of individual territory, jumping limit, life span, route LQI value, destination address, next hop address, route record, energy and.
4. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that adopting following routing policy:
By the close groups of nodes cluster of function, the node that prescribed energy is many is a bunch head, and bunch interior nodes is pooled to a bunch head with data, by a bunch head data is sent to server then;
Adopt the scheme of multirouting, set up two routes to bunch head, one be main road by, another is a route stand-by, when main road is launched route stand-by when invalid;
Node is given a bunch interior nodes broadcasting before the dormancy, announce own dormancy time, and it is invalid that bunch interior nodes is made as the route of following this node to be correlated with, and a timer that timing is longer than dormancy time is set, when timer then after, be made as route again effectively;
When bunch primarily sending data to server, must be forwarded to server, set up a multi-hop route to server through other bunch head;
Route request information is carried the energy information through all nodes, so that judge when selecting route.
5. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the route querying process in the said step 4) is:
When the source node desire was sent data, it checked at first whether buffer memory has the route to destination node for oneself, if effective route is then sent data, sets up process otherwise source node begins following route:
Broadcast a route requests RREQ and divide into groups, comprising destination node address, source node address and route record, energy summation;
Intermediate node is received after this RREQ; Whether inspection is gone into has the item corresponding with this request in the oral thermometer, if having, then directly abandon this RREQ; Be established to the reverse route of source node simultaneously; The path that intermediate node is selected the maximum RREQ process of an energy summation as temporary transient main road by, and select one with main road by disjoint energy summation less than temporary transient main road by route as route stand-by, node is added to the route record part among the RREQ with the address of oneself then; Energy with oneself is added to energy summation part simultaneously, and transmits and should divide into groups;
Destination node will receive the RREQ bag that comes from different paths, destination node select the maximum paths of energy wherein as main road by, send routing reply message table RREP to source node, also send with main road by disjoint route stand-by RREP;
When intermediate node receives that a route stand-by is replied RREP; It is kept at this route in the route stand-by table and continues transmission RREP bag; When intermediate node receive to main road by answer RREP the time; This intermediate node in main routing table and continue to this RREP bag of source node S transmission, and sends RREP that note has temporary transient route stand-by to this route record as the route stand-by of source node to this intermediate node to source node.
6. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
To RFD equipment in the IPv6 wireless sensor network and FFD equipment; Adopt route to distinguish mechanism; Promptly RFD equipment is not carried out the configuration of MSRP Routing Protocol, only keep the default route of a single-hop, when RFD sends data to the FFD of RFD adding network; Directly send to data its default route FFD, carry out route querying and transfer of data by this FFD.
7. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the FFD equipment in the IPv6 wireless sensor network is carried out following route sets up process:
When source node sends RREQ, at first search local routing table, do not exist if be found to the route of destination address, then the buffer memory current data packet is carried out the MSRP route and is set up process, promptly encapsulates the RREQ message, broadcasts and sends RREQ message;
After intermediate node is received RREQ, at first judge oneself to be destination node, if not; Then inquiry is routed into oral thermometer, if route table items Already in shows to receive the identical RREQID and the RREQ of route record; Then abandon this RREQ,, then arrive the route of RREQ source address in the table of query and routing if there is not the list item that to enter the mouth; If there has been this route, so relatively these two routes select the maximum route of energy to store; If there is not this route; The path of selecting the maximum RREQ process of energy as temporary transient main road by, and select one with main road by disjoint route as route stand-by, set up two reverse routes to the RREQ source address; Node is added to the route record part among the RREQ with the address of oneself then, and oneself energy is added to energy summation part and transmits this grouping;
After destination node receives RREQ, if judge that destination address is oneself, many RREQ message informations of nodal cache then, selects an energy maximum as main road by, to source node transmission RREP; And select one with main road by disjoint and energy is big as route stand-by, send RREP;
After intermediate node was received RREP, the main road that is established to destination node perhaps was updated to the route table items of destination node, and is transmitted RREP by, route stand-by.
8. the method for routing of IPv6 wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that adopting following sensing route maintenance and fault-tolerant processing mechanism:
If intermediate node sends the ACK frame that data do not receive that in the regular hour neighbor node is confirmed to neighbor node; And still do not receive the ACK frame that this neighbor node is confirmed after retransmitting these data; Show that this neighbor node lost efficacy; Then send a RERR message to source node, this RERR message comprises the address at those two ends of jumping of making a mistake;
Receive routing error message intermediate node deletion all comprise the route that is jumped;
After source node is received RERR, launch route stand-by, resend data, if route stand-by is also invalid, source node is received RERR bag once more, then initiates route requests again, set up new main road by and route stand-by.
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