CN101648414B - Machine tool dustproof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a dustproof structure of a machine tool, comprising: the dust-proof box is arranged in a cutting working area of a machine tool and is provided with an upper open box opening; a suction pipeline arranged on the side wall of the dust-proof box and used for connecting a suction device; and the chip preventing plate (20) is arranged above the dust-proof box and used for shielding the upper open box opening, a small gap is formed between the chip preventing plate and the top edge of the box wall of the dust-proof box, and the chip preventing plate is provided with a spindle hole for the spindle of the machine tool to freely pass through. The invention can effectively remove dust generated by processing.

Description

Machine tool dustproof structure

technical field

The invention relates to a machine tool, in particular to a dust-proof structure used to prevent dust from flying during cutting operations.

Background technique

It is known that materials such as graphite, wood, composite materials, ceramics and other materials are prone to generate a large amount of dust when cutting or drilling with machine tools. The dust particles are very fine, but the hardness is very high. If the dust-proof facilities are not perfect, the dust will penetrate into the In the structural system of the machine tool, it will cause damage to the machine parts or even a short circuit in the circuit system.

One of the known dust-proof methods is to adopt the water curtain dust-proof method, and water forms a circular screen to surround the cutting work area, so that the cutting dust is covered by the water curtain to reduce the spillage to the outside. The running water is collected, filtered and reused. Disadvantages of the water curtain dust control method include:

1. If the water flow is too strong, there may be concerns about damaging the workpiece.

2. Dust deposits in the water tank, which is difficult to clean.

3 Some workpieces that cannot be exposed to water (such as workpieces used in semiconductor equipment) cannot use this dustproof method.

The second known dust-proof method is to use dry dust suction method, as shown in Figure 1, a dust suction pipe 80 is fixed on the main shaft side, moves up and down or left and right with the main shaft, the cutting dust is sucked out by the dust suction pipe, and then passed through the filter system filter. Disadvantages of dry vacuuming include:

1. Due to the fact that the dust suction pipe cannot touch the workpiece and cannot affect the automatic tool change of the cutting tool, etc., the dust suction pipe and its air inlet are far away from the machining spindle and the cutting point, resulting in poor dust collection effect good.

2. When the length of the cutting tool is very long, the air inlet is farther away from the cutting point, and the dust suction effect is even worse.

3. The cutting work area is an open space, the air flow velocity near the air inlet is fast, and the air flow velocity far away from the air inlet is slow, so that the inhalation amount of dust far from the air inlet decreases sharply, and even cannot be inhaled, while Open spaces allow cutting dust to fly around, making vacuuming less effective.

The third of the known dust-proof methods is to adopt a dust-proof box type design, as shown in Figure 2, a dust-proof box 81 is installed in the cutting work area, and the dust-proof box has an upper opening 82, and the cutting workpiece is located in the dust-proof box. In the case, the dust suction pipe 83 is located at the case wall of the dustproof case. Disadvantages of the dust box design include:

The upper open mouth of the dustproof box is easy to cause a large amount of cutting dust to scatter.

In the dust-proof box, the air flow velocity close to the air inlet of the dust suction pipe is fast, and the air flow velocity far away from the air inlet is slow, so that the inhalation of dust far from the air inlet decreases sharply, and even cannot be absorbed. Inhalation, poor vacuuming.

When the height of the workpiece is high, the cutting point is above the air inlet and far away from the air inlet, and the cutting dust is easy to scatter from the box mouth, which makes the dust collection effect worse.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust-proof structure for machine tools. The dust-proof structure has the function of gathering cutting dust in the cutting work area, and the dust suction device can absorb the dust from the cutting work area very efficiently, which can avoid The dust spreads outward.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dustproof structure for a machine tool, which can be applied to a vertical machine tool or a gantry machine tool.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A dustproof structure of a machine tool, characterized by comprising:

A dust-proof box located in the cutting work area of a machine tool, the dust-proof box has an upper open box mouth;

A suction pipeline arranged on the side wall of the dust-proof box for connecting to a suction device;

A dust-proof board (20) arranged above the dust-proof box to cover the upper open box mouth, with a There is a very small gap, and a main shaft hole for the main shaft of the machine tool to pass through is provided on the chip-proof plate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that: the dust-proof structure can gather the cutting dust in the cutting work area, and the dust suction device can absorb the dust from the cutting work area very efficiently, which can avoid The dust spreads outward.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing dry dust suction method;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of existing dust-proof box dust suction method;

Fig. 3 is the first embodiment of the anti-chip board of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of embodiment one picking and placing workpiece;

Figure 5 is the second embodiment of the anti-chip board of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of embodiment two pick-and-place workpieces;

Figure 7 is the third embodiment of the anti-chip board of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of embodiment three pick and place workpiece;

Figure 9 is the fourth embodiment of the anti-chip board of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of picking and placing workpieces;

Figure 11 is the fifth embodiment of the anti-chip board of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the schematic diagram of embodiment five pick-and-place workpieces;

Figure 13 is the sixth embodiment of the anti-chip board of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is the anti-chip board of the present invention applied to a vertical machine tool;

Fig. 15 is the anti-chip board of the present invention applied to a gantry machine tool.

Detailed ways

In order to illustrate the central idea of the present invention expressed in the column of the above-mentioned content of the invention, it is expressed in specific embodiments. Various objects in the embodiments are drawn according to the proportions, sizes, deformations or displacements that are suitable for description, rather than drawn according to the proportions of actual components, which will be described first. And in the following description, similar components are denoted by the same numerals.

As shown in Figure 3, a dustproof structure includes:

The dust-proof box 10 provided on the cutting workbench 18 of a machine tool 1 has an open box mouth 11 and a front open-close box plate 12 on the dust-proof box 10 . The cutting workpiece is located in the dustproof box 10 .

A suction pipeline 14 arranged on the side wall of the dustproof box 10 is used to connect a suction device. The suction equipment includes dust suction equipment or drainage equipment. If it is a dust collection device, the processing dust in the dustproof box 10 is sucked by the suction pipeline 14 . If it is a drainage device, the water in the dustproof box 10 and the dust dissolved in the water are discharged from the suction pipeline 14 in conjunction with the known water curtain dustproof method.

A chip-proof plate 20 arranged above the dust-proof box 10 to cover the upper open box opening 11, the chip-proof plate 20 can be positioned at any part of the machine tool 1 and fixed or not. On moving objects, for example, the chip guard 20 described in the drawings is positioned on the side wall 16 of the machine tool 1 described. There is a small gap between the dust-proof board 20 and the top edge of the dust-proof box 10 , so that the dust-proof box 10 can be driven by the cutting table 18 to move freely. The chip-proof plate 20 is provided with a main shaft hole 21 for the main shaft of the machine tool to freely pass through, and the main shaft hole 21 can be designed in different types according to the type of the machine tool, for example, it can be matched with a vertical machine tool The main shaft adopts a round hole-shaped spindle hole, and the spindle hole of the gantry machine tool adopts a long hole shape. The anti-dust plate 20 may be a transparent plate, so that the operator can observe the conditions inside the dust-proof box 10 . The anti-dust board 20 can also be an opaque board.

The main shaft of the machine tool 1 can extend into the dust-proof box 10 through the main shaft hole 21 to process the cutting workpiece. When the machine tool 1 performs cutting or drilling operations on materials such as graphite, wood, composite materials, and ceramics, a large amount of dust will be generated, and the dust-proof box 10 and the chip-proof board 20 will collect the dust in the box. Among them, due to the shielding of the dust-proof board 20, the dust-proof box 10 has no open space, and the dust in the dust-proof box 10 can be sucked and removed by cooperating with the suction equipment, so there will be no The dust escapes outside the described dustproof box 10. The action of suction will make the pressure inside the dustproof box 10 lower than that outside the box, and because there is a small gap between the dustproof board 20 and the top edge of the box wall of the dustproof box 10, according to According to Bernoulli's law, the air flow velocity in the gap is very high, and the air flowing into the box at high speed can further prevent the dust in the box from spreading out.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the anti-dust plate 20 is a single plate whose periphery is fixed on the side wall 16 of the machine tool 1 or other fixed objects. The workpiece can be taken and placed by opening the front opening and closing box plate 12 of the dustproof box 10 .

As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the chip prevention plate 20 includes a first plate body 22 and a second plate body 23, and the first plate body 22 is fixed on the side wall 16 or the side wall of the machine tool 1 On other fixed objects, the main shaft hole 21 is set on the first plate body 22 . Any known means (for example: hinges) can be used to movably connect the second plate body 23 to the front edge 221 of the first plate body 22, and keep the second plate body 23 openable. combined mobility, and is horizontally connected with the first plate body 22 when closed. The operator can lift the second board 23 manually, and open the front opening and closing board 12 of the dustproof box 10 to pick and place the workpiece.

As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the chip prevention plate 20 includes a first plate body 22 and a second plate body 23, and the first plate body 22 is fixed on the side wall 16 or the side wall of the machine tool 1 On other fixed objects, the said main shaft hole 21 is set on the said second plate body 23 . Any known means (for example: hinges) can be used to movably connect the second plate body 23 to the front edge 221 of the first plate body 22, and keep the second plate body 23 openable. combined mobility, and is horizontally connected with the first plate body 22 when closed. A first hooking object 30 can be arranged on the side wall of the machine tool 1 or other fixed objects, and a second hooking object 31 can be arranged on the second plate body 23 . The operator can manually lift up the second board 23, so that the first hook 30 and the second hook 31 are engaged with each other, so that the opened second board 23 can be positioned and opened. The front open and close box plate 12 of the dustproof box 10 can be used to pick and place workpieces. The first hooking object 30 includes but is not limited to the chain with a hook depicted in the figure, and the second hooking object 31 includes but is not limited to the chain depicted in the figure that can be used with the chain The hook combined with the ring.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , the anti-dust board 20 includes the same first board body 22 and a second board body 23 as those in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 . A power cylinder 32 can be arranged on the side wall of the machine tool 1 or other fixed objects, and the telescopic shaft 33 of the power cylinder 32 is connected to the second plate body 23 . The opening and closing of the second plate body 23 is controlled by the expansion and contraction of the telescopic shaft 33 .

As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , the anti-dust plate 20 includes a first plate body 22 and a second plate body 23 , both of which are merged left and right, and present a complete spindle hole 21 in the merged state. Any known means (for example: hinges) can be adopted to make the left edge 222 of the first plate body 22 and the right edge 232 of the second plate body 23 respectively movably connected to the ends of the machine tool 1 On the side wall 16 or other fixed objects, and keep the first plate body 22 and the second plate body 23 openable and closable, and connect them horizontally when closed together. The above-mentioned first hooking object 30 and the second hooking object 31 can be further applied to this embodiment, so as to position the opened first plate body 22 and the second plate body 23 . The above-mentioned power cylinder 32 can also be further applied to this embodiment, so as to control the automatic opening and closing of the first board 22 and the second board 23 . The above-mentioned applications are easily understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, so they are not shown in diagrams.

Fig. 13, the described anti-dust board 20 is in the shape of a single sheet, any known means (for example: hinge) can be adopted to make the left edge or the right edge of the described anti-chip board 20 movably connected to the On the side wall 16 of the machine tool 1 or other fixed objects, and maintain the openable and closable mobility of the chip guard 20 . The above-mentioned first hooking object 30 and the second hooking object 31 can be further applied to this embodiment, so as to position the opened chip-proof board 20 . The above-mentioned power cylinder 32 can also be further applied to this embodiment to control the automatic opening and closing of the chip-proof plate 20 . The above-mentioned applications are easily understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, so they are not shown in diagrams.

FIG. 14 shows that the anti-chip board 20 of the present invention is applied to a vertical machine tool 90 .

As shown in FIG. 15 , it shows that the anti-chip plate 20 of the present invention is applied to a gantry machine tool 91 .

The above description is only illustrative of the present invention, rather than restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art understand that many modifications, changes or equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit and scope defined in the claims, but All will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A machine tool dustproof structure, characterized in that, comprising: A dustproof box (10) located in the cutting work area of a machine tool (1), said dustproof box (10) having an upper open box mouth (11); One is located on the side wall of the dust-proof box (10) and is used to connect a suction pipeline (14) of a suction device; One is located at the dust-proof box (10) above and is used to cover the chip-proof plate (20) of described upper open box mouth (11), and described chip-proof plate (20) and described dust-proof There is a small gap between the top edges of the box walls of the box (10), and a main shaft hole (21) for the main shaft of the machine tool to pass through is provided on the said anti-dust plate (20). 2. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the chip-proof plate (20) is a single plate whose periphery is positioned on the fixed object of the machine tool (1). 3. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chip-proof plate (20) is a single plate, one side of which is movably connected to the fixed object of the machine tool (1) . 4. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chip-proof plate (20) includes a first plate body (22) and a second plate body (23), and the first plate body (23) A plate (22) is positioned on the fixed object of the machine tool (1), the spindle hole (21) is arranged on the second plate (23), and the second plate (23) is flexibly connected to the front edge (221) of the first board (22). 5. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: the fixed object of the machine tool (1) is provided with a first hooking object (30), and the second plate body (23 ) is provided with a second hooking object (31), and the first hooking object (30) and the second hooking object (31) are engaged with each other, so as to locate the opened The second plate body (23). 6. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: a power cylinder (32) is arranged on the fixed object of the machine tool (1), and the telescopic shaft of the power cylinder (32) ( 33) Connected to the second plate body (23), the expansion and contraction of the telescopic shaft (33) controls the automatic opening and closing of the second plate body (23). 7. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chip-proof plate (20) comprises a first plate body (22) and a second plate body (23), both of which are left and right merged state, and present a complete spindle hole (21) in the merged state; one side of the first plate body (22) and the second plate body (23) is movably connected to the on the fixed object of the machine tool (1) described above. 8. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust-proof box (10) has a front opening and closing box plate (12). 9. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the suction device is a dust suction device. 10. The dust-proof structure of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the suction device is a drainage device.

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