CN101643810B - Technology for producing sponge iron and high purity CO gas - Google Patents
Technology for producing sponge iron and high purity CO gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101643810B CN101643810B CN2009101038467A CN200910103846A CN101643810B CN 101643810 B CN101643810 B CN 101643810B CN 2009101038467 A CN2009101038467 A CN 2009101038467A CN 200910103846 A CN200910103846 A CN 200910103846A CN 101643810 B CN101643810 B CN 101643810B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the metallurgy technical field, in particular to the engineering field of sponge iron production by reducing gas in steel factory, and discloses a technology for producing sponge iron and high purity CO gas. The present invention comprises a reducing gas preparation system, a reducing gas process system, a reducing gas heating system, a shaft furnace, a returned gas process system, a carbon dioxide separation system, a carbon dioxide transformation system and a gas rich in CO purifying system; the systems are connected together by transportation pipelines and transportation devices, and sponge iron with metallization rate more than or equal to 92% is produced while high purity CO gas is obtained. The technology of the present invention greatly reduces investment and energy consumption of the reducing gas preparation system and the reducing gas process system and solves CO2 emission; and the produced high purity CO gas has important application value in the fields of steel, chemical industry and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, particularly Steel Plant utilize reducing gas to produce the engineering field of sponge iron, disclose a kind of technology of producing sponge iron and high-purity CO gas.
Background technology
Under the overall situation of energy-saving and emission-reduction at home and abroad, in blast furnace, utilize coke, agglomerate or pellet to produce molten iron, and then send the defective of long course steelmaking technology of converter steelmaking fairly obvious, a large amount of dischargings of for example shortage of coking coal resource, coking and agglomerating occupation of land and cost, the three wastes or the like.The investment that the abbreviated system of utilizing sponge iron and steel scrap to make steel can be saved coking, sintering aspect, waste discharge is less, and economy and environmental benefit are fairly obvious.The acquisition of sponge iron is crucial in the short flow process steel-making, and except making steel, high-quality sponge iron can directly apply to fields such as powder metallurgy.
The method of utilizing reducing gas to produce sponge iron both at home and abroad mainly contains two classes: two kinds of natural gas pyrolysis production sponge iron and sponge iron gasification productions:
It is to utilize Sweet natural gas catalytic pyrolysis in reforming furnace that natural gas pyrolysis is produced sponge iron, generation is based on the reducing gas of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, after the reducing gas art breading, enter shaft furnace and produce sponge iron, this type of technology is comparatively ripe, but big, and do not handle rich CO after shaft furnace goes out the furnace roof gas decarbonization to Natural Gas Demand
2Gas.
The Chinese coal aboundresources, cheap, so the reducing gas production sponge iron cost that adopts gasification to produce is lower, have comparatively application prospects.The reducing gas of utilizing at present gasification to produce is both at home and abroad produced the technology of sponge iron and is mainly divided three classes: 1) in the COREX patent system of VAI (VAI) company, indicated and can utilize the discharged producer gas of the melting gasification furnace that produces molten iron to produce sponge iron as reducing gas.Because of involving the COREX patent, the cost of this type of technology is all very expensive, and this series of patents is not handled the rich CO after decarburization separates
2Gas.2) reducing gas of utilizing coal water slurry and oxygen reaction to generate that Baosteel company and Shandong Lu Hua company propose is carried out processing, obtains Fu Qing (H at last
2: CO=0.73～8.5) reducing gas enters the technology of shaft furnace.This technology is strict to the reducing gas composition, and gas utilization rate is not high, and waste discharge does not solve, and does not handle the rich CO after decarburization separates
2Gas does not meet the thinking of energy-saving and emission-reduction.3) Zhongye Saidi Engineering Technology Co., Ltd has carried out deep research at coal gasification production sponge iron, has proposed to utilize the gasification of high-pressure pulverized coal technology to produce CO+H
2＞90% reducing gas, and utilize portion C O
2(maximum 30%) backflows to the novel process of vapourizing furnace remaining CO as air conveying delivery medium
2Store for future use with liquid form.This technology requires high (CO+H to the reducing gas composition
2＞90%), only, invest higher at the gasification of high-pressure pulverized coal technology of cost costliness; In addition, this technology propose with most of CO
2(＞70%) stores with liquid form, liquid CO
2Required pressure is high, pressure exerting device and storage vessel had relatively high expectations, and present high-purity CO
2Little in industrial use.
In sum, utilize reducing gas to produce the technology of sponge iron at present both at home and abroad, for CO
2All there is the defective of certain degree in the processing of discharging.
Summary of the invention
Produce the existing CO of sponge iron technology at utilizing reducing gas both at home and abroad
2The problem of emission treatment from the thinking of energy-saving and emission-reduction, has proposed a kind of technology of utilizing reducing gas to produce sponge iron and high-purity CO gas.The present invention includes the reducing gas preparation system; The reducing gas process system; The reducing gas heating system; Shaft furnace; Backflow gas process system; Carbon dioxide separating system; Carbonic acid gas converting system and rich CO gas purification system; By transport pipe and e Foerderanlage said system is linked together, produce the sponge iron of degree of metalization 〉=92%, the high-purity CO gas of getting back simultaneously.
The present invention calculates by process optimization, improves the pump around circuit that goes out furnace gas with complete shaft furnace, to reduce the reducing gas preparation amount of the required consumption of production unit quality sponge iron, saves cost; The top gas of shaft furnace is taken off CO
2Handle the rich CO that obtains
2Gas enters carbonic acid gas converting system and C, O
2Again reaction generates thick CO gas, can obtain high-purity CO gas after the purification.
The present invention proposes the technical process that utilizes reducing gas to produce sponge iron and high-purity CO gas, this technology comprises 8 sub-process systems: 1) reducing gas preparation system; 2) reducing gas process system; 3) reducing gas heating system; 4) shaft furnace; 5) backflow gas process system; 6) carbon dioxide separating system; 7) carbonic acid gas converting system; 8) rich CO gas purification system links together above-mentioned 8 process systems by transport pipe and e Foerderanlage, reaches the purpose of utilizing reducing gas to produce sponge iron and high-purity CO gas.
The gas composition per-cent that arrives involved in the present invention except that specifying, is the dry gas percentage composition.
The flow process of technology is as follows:
1) by the reducing gas preparation system, prepares rich CO+H
2Reducing gas, reducing gas preparation method can be the rich CO+H that Sweet natural gas or heavy oil catalytic pyrolysis obtain
2Reducing gas; Can be high carbon support and O
2+ H
2O or O
2+ H
2O+CO
2Or O
2+ CO
2At high pressure gas fluidized bed or the high temperature fluidized bed rich CO+H that obtains
2Reducing gas; Also can be high carbon support and O
2, solid-state Fe generates the produced simultaneously rich CO+H of molten iron in melting gasification furnace
2Reducing gas.
2) the rich CO+H of reducing gas preparation system outlet
2Reducing gas is handled through the reducing gas process system, comprise the purifying and dedusting, thermal exchange, pressure conversion of reducing gas after, be met the reducing gas of shaft furnace intake pressure requirement.
3) the rich CO+H of reducing gas preparation system
2Reducing gas and is mixed through the shaft furnace top gas backflow gas after the carbon dioxide separating system decarburization after the reducing gas process system is handled, and obtains CO+H
2The reducing gas of 〉=85% (wet gas per-cent) enters the reducing gas heating system.
4) CO+H
2After the reducing gas of 〉=85% (wet gas per-cent) is heated to the required temperature of shaft furnace (about 850 ℃) by the reducing gas heating system, enter the sponge iron that the reaction of shaft furnace and iron ore generates degree of metalization 〉=92%.
5) the reacted top gas CO+H of shaft furnace
2About 60%, top gas carries out the reflux cycle utilization, handle through backflow gas process system, after comprising the purifying and dedusting, thermal exchange, pressure conversion of backflow gas, obtain temperature～40 ℃ and pressure and satisfy the backflow gas that is slightly larger than reducing gas pressure through pressure behind the carbon dioxide separating system, by passing back into shaft furnace after the carbon dioxide separating system decarburization; Rest part is exported as top gas, and this part output reducing gas calorific value is higher, can reach 6000～7000KJ/m
3
6) after backflow gas enters carbon dioxide separating system, obtain CO+H
2=～92% backflow gas, and CO
2=～90% separate gassing.CO+H
2=～92% backflow gas mixes post-heating and is back to the shaft furnace recycling with reducing gas; CO
2=～90% the gassing of separating enters in the carbonic acid gas converting system with high carbon support (as coal dust), oxygen rich gas reduction reaction takes place, and generates rich CO gas, can get high-purity CO gas after further purifying.
From above-mentioned analysis as can be known, utilize technology of the present invention, farthest utilized the top gas of shaft furnace, do not have CO
2Discharging, the highly purified CO gas of by-product when producing sponge iron, whole technology is very to optimize technically.
Technology of the present invention is to utilize reducing gas to produce the sponge iron of degree of metalization 〉=92%, the high-purity CO gas of getting back simultaneously, and from technique scheme as can be known, this technology has following beneficial effect:
1) utilizes the top gas of shaft furnace fully, high reduction degree gas behind the shaft furnace furnace roof gas decarbonization is participated in pump around circuit, significantly reduced the reducing gas preparation amount (～50%) of the required consumption of unit output sponge iron, thereby significantly reduce the investment and the energy consumption of reducing gas preparation system and reducing gas process system, have the characteristics of high energy saving.
2) utilize described shaft furnace top gas to participate in pump around circuit, can reduce the reduction degree requirement of reducing gas preparation, thereby the investment of saving the reducing gas preparation system greatly has very great value to the industrialization of whole technology.
3) top gas of shaft furnace, except that being used for the shaft furnace backflow, unnecessary part is exported as top gas, and this part output top gas calorific value is higher, can reach 6000～7000KJ/m
3, can be used for pelletizing plant's system pelletizing, gas turbine combined cycle power plant (CCPP) or the like, use is very extensive.
4) the rich CO that after decarburization, produces of the top gas of shaft furnace
2Separate gassing, enter in the carbonic acid gas converting system with high carbon support, oxygen rich gas reduction reaction takes place, generate rich CO gas, can get high-purity CO gas after further purifying.This technology has solved CO
2Discharging, and the high-purity CO gas that generates has the using value of outbalance in fields such as iron and steel, chemical industry.
The drawing explanation
Process flow sheet of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described, but the present invention not only is confined to this.
This technology comprises 8 sub-process systems: 1) reducing gas preparation system; 2) reducing gas process system; 3) reducing gas heating system; 4) shaft furnace; 5) backflow gas process system; 6) carbon dioxide separating system; 7) carbonic acid gas converting system; 8) rich CO gas purification system.By transport pipe and e Foerderanlage above-mentioned 8 process systems are linked together, reach the purpose of utilizing reducing gas to produce sponge iron and high-purity CO gas.The gas composition per-cent that arrives involved in the present invention except that specifying, is the wet gas percentage composition.
1) reducing gas preparation system: non-coking coal with methods such as pure oxygen, water or water vapor react, is prepared rich CO+H after grinding through coal pulverizer in high temperature high pressure entrained flow gasifier
2Reducing gas 1..
2) reducing gas process system: the outlet of reducing gas preparation system is arrived the required temperature of purifying and dedusting device through heat-exchange device-waste heat boiler with temperature inversion, dedusting is reduced to the dustiness of reducing gas≤5mg/Nm3, purification is reduced to the detrimental impurity in the reducing gas below the claimed range, H
2S is purified to＜20mg/Nm3; The reducing gas pressure that reducing gas behind the purifying and dedusting exports the reducing gas process system by the pressure changing device is converted into than the shaft furnace inlet and requires the slightly high reducing gas of pressure 2..
3) reducing gas heating system: 8. 2. reducing gas mix with the shaft furnace furnace roof backflow gas of process carbon dioxide separating system decarburization, obtains CO+H
2The reducing gas of 〉=85% (wet gas per-cent) 3. enters the reducing gas heating system; CO+H
2The reducing gas of 〉=85% (wet gas per-cent) 3. is heated to the required temperature of shaft furnace (about 850 ℃) 4. by the reducing gas heating system.
4) shaft furnace: 5. 4. the reducing gas about 850 ℃ enter sponge iron that the reaction of shaft furnace and iron ore (lump ore and pellet) generates degree of metalization 〉=92% and backflow gas, the reacted top gas CO+H of shaft furnace
2About 60%.
5) backflow gas process system: comprise cleaning apparatus, pressure changing device and heat-exchange device, the top gas of shaft furnace at first passes through reducing gas heat-exchange device-tube and shell heat exchanger, cool to the required temperature of reducing gas cleaning apparatus, the mode that cleaning apparatus adopts thick dedusting to add dry bag-type dust remover is carried out, the backflow gas dustiness≤5mg/m after the dedusting
3Backflow gas after the dedusting carries out pressure conversion and thermal exchange through excess pressure changing device and heat-exchange device, through 2. pressure behind the carbon dioxide separating system be slightly larger than and temperature satisfies the requirement of carbon dioxide separating system temperature in reducing gas 7. part backflow atmospheric pressure satisfies, the reducing gas that part backflow gas satisfies peripheral customer requirements 6., this part output top gas calorific value is higher, can reach 6000～7000KJ/m
3
After dedusting and the conversion of pressure heat, a part is used for top gas output, rest part separates by carbon dioxide separating system, can be that top gas is output as zero, and all the shaft furnace top gas obtains decarbonization gas and rich CO behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system
2Separate gassing, enter follow-up flow process again.
6) carbon dioxide separating system: backflow gas obtains CO+H after 7. entering carbon dioxide separating system (as PSA or VPSA tripping device)
28. and CO=～92% backflow gas
2=～90% separate gassing 9., CO+H
22. 8.=～92% backflow gas mix with reducing gas, obtains CO+H
2The reducing gas of 〉=85% (wet gas per-cent) 3..
7) carbonic acid gas converting system: described CO
2Reduction reaction takes place in=～90% 9. a part of the entering in the described carbonic acid gas converting system with high carbon support, oxygen rich gas of gassing of separating, and generates rich CO gas 10.; The rich CO of remaining part
2Separate gassing 9. as the output product.
8) rich CO gas purification system: can get high-purity CO gas after further purifying, purification can adopt mode such as Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption to carry out, and purity requires decision according to subsequent technique.
After the processing of reducing gas process system, mix with the high reduction degree backflow gas of shaft furnace top gas behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system, and through corresponding heat treated, be met in the reducing gas of the required temperature of shaft furnace reaction, the mode of mixing and heat treated has following two classes: a) reducing gas of reducing gas preparation system preparation, after the processing of reducing gas process system, Restore All gas mixes with the high reduction degree backflow gas of shaft furnace top gas behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system, and is heated to the required temperature range of shaft furnace reaction; Or b) reducing gas of reducing gas preparation system preparation, after the processing of reducing gas process system, mix with the high reduction degree backflow gas of part behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system, mixed temperature need satisfy the required temperature of shaft furnace reaction, remaining high reduction degree backflow gas behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system is heated to the required temperature of shaft furnace reaction separately, enters shaft furnace then together.
Technology of the present invention is to utilize reducing gas to produce the sponge iron of degree of metalization 〉=92%, the high-purity CO gas of getting back simultaneously.This technology has solved CO
2Discharging, and the high-purity CO gas that generates has the using value of outbalance in fields such as iron and steel, chemical industry.
Claims (10)
1. a technology of producing sponge iron and high-purity CO gas is characterized in that: the rich CO+H of reducing gas preparation system preparation
2Reducing gas, carry out after purifying and dedusting and pressure, heat changing device handle through the reducing gas process system, mix with the high reduction degree backflow gas of shaft furnace top gas behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system, and through corresponding heat treated, be met the reducing gas of the required temperature of shaft furnace reaction, enter the reaction of shaft furnace and iron ore then and generate sponge iron; The rich CO of vertical furnace item gas behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system
2Separate gassing, enter in the carbonic acid gas converting system with high carbon support, oxygen rich gas reduction reaction takes place, generate rich CO gas output; Described shaft furnace top gas also is used for top gas output behind backflow gas process system.
2. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 1 and high-purity CO gas, it is characterized in that: described rich CO gas is according to the subsequent technique needs, partly or entirely requires to export corresponding highly purified CO gas through the rich CO gas purification system back of purifying according to subsequent handling.
3. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 1 and high-purity CO gas is characterized in that: described rich CO
2Separate gassing, part enters in the carbonic acid gas converting system with high carbon support, oxygen rich gas reduction reaction takes place, and generates rich CO gas, the rich CO of remaining part
2Separate gassing as the output product; Or described rich CO
2Separate gassing, all enter in the carbonic acid gas converting system reduction reaction takes place, generate rich CO gas with high carbon support, oxygen rich gas.
4. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 1 and high-purity CO gas, it is characterized in that: the reducing gas of described reducing gas preparation system preparation, after the processing of reducing gas process system, mix with part high reduction degree backflow gas of shaft furnace top gas behind backflow gas process system and carbon dioxide separating system, mixed temperature need satisfy the required temperature of shaft furnace reaction, the high reduction degree backflow gas of remaining shaft furnace top gas is heated to the required temperature of shaft furnace reaction through the reducing gas heating system separately, enters shaft furnace then together.
5. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 1 and high-purity CO gas is characterized in that: the reducing gas of described reducing gas preparation system preparation is the rich CO+H that catalytic pyrolysis of natural gas obtains
2Reducing gas.
6. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 1 and high-purity CO gas is characterized in that: the reducing gas of described reducing gas preparation system preparation is high carbon support and O
2+ H
2O, or O
2+ H
2O+CO
2, or O
2+ CO
2The rich CO+H that reaction obtains in high-temperature high-pressure air flow bed or fluidized-bed
2Reducing gas.
7. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 1 and high-purity CO gas is characterized in that: the reducing gas of described reducing gas preparation system preparation is high carbon support and O
2, solid-state Fe generates the produced simultaneously rich CO+H of molten iron in melting gasification furnace
2Reducing gas.
8. the technology of production sponge iron according to claim 4 and high-purity CO gas is characterized in that: described reducing gas heating system is the hotblast stove heating.
9. according to the technology of claim 4 or 5 described production sponge iron and high-purity CO gas, it is characterized in that: described reducing gas heating system is two step heating methods of tube furnace or interchanger+partial oxidation process.
10. according to the technology of claim 5,6 or 7 described production sponge iron and high-purity CO gas, it is characterized in that: the rich CO+H of described reducing gas preparation system preparation
2Reducing gas CO+H
2〉=80%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101038467A CN101643810B (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2009-05-14 | Technology for producing sponge iron and high purity CO gas |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101038467A CN101643810B (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2009-05-14 | Technology for producing sponge iron and high purity CO gas |
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| CN101643810B true CN101643810B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101638702B (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-07-20 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Recycling method of outlet gas in direct reduction process using gas as reducing gas |
| CN101928799A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2010-12-29 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Process for producing spongy iron by using Finex process output gas |
| CN102002547A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-04-06 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Gasification furnace gas process for reduction process of coal gasification shaft furnace |
| CN102010924B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-09-05 | 中冶赛迪上海工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing directly reduced iron from coal |
| CN103525966B (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-05-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Utilize Catalytic Conversion of Natural Gas to produce the method and system of gas base directly reducing iron |
| CN103525964B (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-05-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Utilize oven gas catalyzed conversion to produce the method and system of gas base directly reducing iron |
| CN103667573B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-12-02 | 王少立 | Use Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system |
| CN104046714B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏大学 | A kind of reduction reaction shaft furnace waste heat recovery cyclic utilization system |
| CN107034331A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-11 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The system and method for preparing sponge iron |
| CN108217654A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-29 | 杨汉玉 | A kind of preparation method of catalyst for preparing hydrogen and catalyzing manufacturing of hydrogen method |
| CN115724398A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Production method of carbon-negative reduced iron synthesis gas and method for producing reduced iron by using gas-based shaft furnace |
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