CN103667573B - Use Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system - Google Patents
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 209
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-AKLPVKDBSA-N oxygen-19 atom Chemical compound [19O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, it is characterized in that: adopt coke-oven gas to produce for direct-reduced iron and hydrogen resource is provided, direct-reduced iron is produced in gas-based shaft kiln, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, reducing gas loop and reaction tower composition, produce direct-reduced iron in reaction tower.The top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, and acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, moves down under gravity, carries out reduction reaction in reduction section preheating with reducing gas, generates direct-reduced iron; Be cooled to normal temperature to discharge at cooling section cooling gas, obtain cold direct-reduced iron.The present invention's coke-oven gas of high chemical energy replaces Sweet natural gas, produces direct-reduced iron, meet the demand of Electric furnace steel making in gas-based shaft kiln, reduce the energy consumption of iron and steel smelting overall flow, reduce production cost, reduce CO2 emissions, promote the process realizing green iron and steel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to smelting iron and steel technical field, particularly one Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system.
Background technology
At present, the domestic industry of smelting iron and steel is in the prior art mainly based on blast furnace ironmaking, but blast furnace ironmaking exists the problems such as cost is high, efficiency is low, seriously polluted.In western developed country even some developing country, direct-reduction abbreviated system has progressively replaced blast furnace to become the main production model of smelting iron and steel.Focus on global direct-reduced iron to produce, the core technology of american steel is very ripe, and wherein direct-reduction Electric furnace steel making short route technology, maintains the leading position in the world.The U.S. produces steel about 9,000 ten thousand tons per year, accounts for half of the country with the steel that direct-reduction abbreviated system is produced.United States Steel Corporation is maximum Iron And Steel Company of the U.S., and long-term production is in loss of capital edge, and namely the failed major reason of its competition is continue to use traditional long flow process, and does not utilize gas resource production direct-reduced iron, mini-mill steelmaking.India's iron and steel industry development is started late, but tempo is very fast, has benefited from widely using the direct-reduction short route mode of production.It is reported, India produces steel about 7,000 ten thousand tons at present per year, and direct-reduced iron output is about 3,500 ten thousand tons.The direct-reduced iron of 80-90% adds in electric arc furnace or induction furnace makes steel, and direct-reduction abbreviated system becomes the steel mainstream technology of India.Abu Dhabi Steel Plant of the United Arab Emirates, adopt ENERGIRON abbreviated system, build two cover direct-reduced iron devices, produce direct-reduced iron 3,200,000 tons per year, 100% direct-reduced iron Electric furnace steel making, has formed 3,000,000 tons of short route associating Steel Plant, plans within 2014, to build two cover direct-reduction short route devices again, crude steel output reaches 6,500,000 tons, for world steel industry transition and upgrade creates new pattern.Abu Dhabi Steel Plant are by DANIELI over contract, and Bao Jian, and by ENERGIRON short route technology, push to all over the world, accepted and order for goods seven producers, and device aggregated capacity reaches 12,150 ten thousand tons, and provide technical support and technical guarantee for each manufacturer.The integration of ENERGIRON technology and Electric furnace steel making, for iron and steel industry is energy-conservation, reduces discharging, reduces production cost, provide industrialness production experience; For iron and steel industry transition and upgrade, provide new approach.Malaysia crude steel annual production 300-350 about ten thousand tons, because eastern horse (Sarawak) western horse (East Coast) abounds with Sweet natural gas, use gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced abbreviated system, produce nearly 2,000,000 tons of direct-reduced iron per year, and obtain energy-conservation, reduce discharging, the effect of environmental protection.Malaysia's Ding Jianu state POWAJA section steel works, original design 600,000 tons of direct-reduction short route Steel Plant, through four transformation and upgrade of HYLSA company of Mexico, direct-reduced iron annual production reaches 900,000 tons.For short route, Steel Plant provide iron resources.By the anatomy of above-mentioned various countries Iron & Steel Development mode, be not difficult to find out, direct-reduction Electric furnace steel making short route will become the mainstream technology of world steel future development, and gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technology will become the main mode of production of direct-reduced iron production.But the shortage of Sweet natural gas becomes the major cause hindering world's direct-reduced iron industrial development.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the defect of above-mentioned existence, object there is the problems such as cost is high, efficiency is low, seriously polluted for solving blast furnace ironmaking, provides one Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system.
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system content Description:
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, it is characterized in that: adopt coke-oven gas to produce for direct-reduced iron and hydrogen resource is provided, direct-reduced iron is produced in gas-based shaft kiln, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, reducing gas loop and reaction tower three part composition, finally in reaction tower, produce direct-reduced iron, the top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, slowly move down under gravity, reduction reaction is carried out with reducing gas in reduction section preheating, generate direct-reduced iron, be cooled to normal temperature to discharge at cooling section cooling gas, obtain cold direct-reduced iron,
The direct-reduced iron technological process of production: adopt coke-oven gas heat treated, coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction, hot reduced iron cooling process carry out carburization reaction and reducing gas recycle and reuse to reduced iron, realized by four processing steps;
(1) coke-oven gas heat treated is adopted:
Coke-oven gas is sent in humidifier and adds water vapour, the coke-oven gas having merged water vapour is heated to 930 DEG C in the heater, methane gas in coke-oven gas heats rear generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen together with water, pure oxygen is sprayed in its backward outlet conduit, carry out partial combustion, make coke-oven gas temperature bring up to 1050 DEG C, reach the requirement from reforming reaction and reduction reaction temperature and heat balance, after enter in the middle part of gas-based shaft kiln;
(2) coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction:
There are three kinds of reactions in the coke-oven gas after heating: from reforming reaction, reduction reaction and carburization reaction in gas-based shaft kiln, the top of gas-based shaft kiln is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters gas-based shaft kiln by the feeding system at gas-based shaft kiln top, slowly move down under gravity, enter the high temperature coke oven coal gas in gas-based shaft kiln, acid pellet is heated to 600 DEG C-700 DEG C, the coke-oven gas of high temperature is under the effect of iron catalyst simultaneously, there is thermo-cracking and from reforming reaction, produce reducing gas hydrogen and carbon monoxide, be hydrogen and carbon monoxide by the methane reforming in coke-oven gas, be heated to acid pellet and the hydrogen of 600 DEG C-700 DEG C, reaction of carbon monoxide, deviate from the oxygen in pellet, produce high-quality direct-reduced iron,
(3) hot reduced iron cooling process carburization reaction is carried out to reduced iron:
The hot direct reduced iron generated after reacting with reducing gas enters cooling section cooling gas and is cooled to normal temperature then to discharge, and the direct-reduced iron obtained is called cold direct-reduced iron, gas compressor is used then to enter cooling loop to the coke-oven gas pressurization supplemented at cooling section, the direct-reduced iron that circulating cooling is produced at gas-based shaft kiln reduction section, hydrocarbon polymer cracking in coke-oven gas is carried out carburization reaction to reduced iron simultaneously, the coke-oven gas cold at cooling section can be heated in the process of cooling heat reduced iron, coke-oven gas is heated to 70 DEG C, coke-oven gas after heating is directly sent in reducing gas compressor and carries out pressure treatment and then send into carbon dioxide recovering apparatus, send in humidifier together with the coke-oven gas supplemented simultaneously and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln, gas cooler is used to carry out cooling process to the coke-oven gas not reaching temperature 70 C at cooling section, gas-based shaft kiln cooling direct-reduced iron is sent into after gas compressor pressurization,
(4) reducing gas recycle and reuse:
Be fed in the reducing gas circuit system at gas-based shaft kiln top through pressurization for the recycle gas that cools, high temperature reductive gas at gas-based shaft kiln top in conversion zone under the effect of iron catalyst, the hydrogen that methane reforming is formed and carbon monoxide, react with iron ore concentrate and generate carbonic acid gas and water, the refrigeration cycle gas sending into reaction tower top through pressurization is called top gas, it is 427 DEG C in the top gas temperature at gas-based shaft kiln top, top gas enters heat reclamation device from the eliminating of gas-based shaft kiln top and produces steam, refrigerated separation water outlet in top gas water cooler, the top gas feeding reducer compressor being separated water outlet pressurizes, reducer compressor needs the pressure controlling gas in whole technical process at 4-6 handkerchief, the top gas of pressurization sends into decarbonation device, top gas and the coke-oven gas supplemented of carbon dioxide removal and water, and to send into together in humidifier well heater at the coke-oven gas that cooling section is warmed to 70 DEG C and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln.
Adopt the abbreviated system of Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas, raw materials for production are pellet and coke-oven gas, are: Fe64-66%, SiO to the requirement of pellet
2<3%, intensity >2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index ﹤ 3%;
Coke-oven gas requires the coal gas after being through purifying treatment, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn3-4%; Its foreign matter content Con trolling index: benzene <2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene <50mg/Nm
3, tar <10mg/Nm
3, H
2s<20mg/Nm
3, HCN<200mg/Nm
3;
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, adopt coke-oven gas to produce for direct-reduced iron and hydrogen resource is provided, Sweet natural gas is replaced with the coke-oven gas of high chemical energy, qualified direct-reduced iron is produced in gas-based shaft kiln, meet the demand of Electric furnace steel making, reduce the full-range energy consumption of iron and steel, reduce production cost, reduce CO2 emissions, promote the process realizing green iron and steel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is with Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system schema.
Embodiment
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system is achieved in that and illustrates below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is one Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, adopt coke-oven gas to produce for direct-reduced iron and hydrogen resource is provided, direct-reduced iron is produced in gas-based shaft kiln, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, reducing gas loop and reaction tower three part composition, finally in reaction tower, produce direct-reduced iron, the top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, slowly move down under gravity, reduction reaction is carried out with reducing gas in reduction section preheating, generate direct-reduced iron, be cooled to normal temperature to discharge at cooling section cooling gas, obtain cold direct-reduced iron.
The direct-reduced iron technological process of production: adopt coke-oven gas heat treated, coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction, hot reduced iron cooling process and carburization reaction is carried out to reduced iron, reducing gas recycle and reuse is realized by four processing steps;
(1) coke-oven gas heat treated is adopted:
Coke-oven gas is sent in humidifier and adds water vapour, the coke-oven gas having merged water vapour is heated to 930 DEG C in the heater, methane gas in coke-oven gas heats rear generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen together with water, pure oxygen is sprayed in its backward outlet conduit, carry out partial combustion, make coke-oven gas temperature bring up to 1050 DEG C, reach the requirement from reforming reaction and reduction reaction temperature and heat balance, after enter in the middle part of gas-based shaft kiln.
(2) coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction:
There are three kinds of reactions in the coke-oven gas after heating: from reforming reaction, reduction reaction and carburization reaction in gas-based shaft kiln; The top of gas-based shaft kiln is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters gas-based shaft kiln by the feeding system at gas-based shaft kiln top, slowly move down under gravity, enter the high temperature coke oven coal gas in gas-based shaft kiln, acid pellet is heated to 600 DEG C-700 DEG C, the coke-oven gas of high temperature is under the effect of iron catalyst simultaneously, there is thermo-cracking and from reforming reaction, produce reducing gas hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CH
4+ H
2o=CO+3H
2cH
4+ CO
2=2CO+2H
22CH
4+ O
2=2CO+4H
2o
2+ 2H
2=2H
2oCH
4=2CO+2H
2), 30% methane reforming contained in coke-oven gas is 70% hydrogen and 30% carbon monoxide.Be heated to acid pellet and hydrogen, the reaction of carbon monoxide of 600 DEG C-700 DEG C, deviate from the oxygen in pellet, produce high-quality direct-reduced iron (Fe
2o
3+ 3CO=2Fe
0+ 3CO
2fe
2o
3+ 3H
2=2Fe
0+ 3H
2o), for Electric furnace steel making provides the raw material of high-quality.
(3) hot reduced iron cooling process carburization reaction is carried out to reduced iron:
The hot direct reduced iron generated after reacting with reducing gas enters cooling section cooling gas and is cooled to normal temperature then to discharge, and the direct-reduced iron obtained is called cold direct-reduced iron, gas compressor is used then to enter cooling loop to the coke-oven gas pressurization supplemented at cooling section, the direct-reduced iron that circulating cooling is produced at gas-based shaft kiln reduction section, carries out carburization reaction (3Fe to reduced iron by the hydrocarbon polymer cracking in coke-oven gas simultaneously
0+ CH
4=Fe
3c+2H
23Fe+2CO=Fe3C+CO2), the coke-oven gas cold at cooling section can be heated in the process of cooling heat reduced iron, coke-oven gas is heated to 70 DEG C, coke-oven gas after heating is directly sent in reducing gas compressor and carries out pressure treatment and then send into carbon dioxide recovering apparatus, send in humidifier together with the coke-oven gas supplemented simultaneously and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln, be heated to 70 DEG C and more must can reach energy-conservation effect than the normal temperature coke-oven gas entering into process furnace by coke-oven gas, gas cooler is used to carry out cooling process to the coke-oven gas not reaching temperature 70 C at cooling section, gas-based shaft kiln cooling direct-reduced iron is sent into after gas compressor pressurization, .
(4) reducing gas recycle and reuse:
Be fed in the reducing gas circuit system at gas-based shaft kiln top through pressurization for the recycle gas that cools, the gas now mainly existed at gas-based shaft kiln top has the reducing gas of high temperature in conversion zone under the effect of iron catalyst, the hydrogen that methane reforming is formed and carbon monoxide, react with iron ore concentrate and generate carbonic acid gas and water, the refrigeration cycle gas at reaction tower top is sent into through pressurization, these gases are referred to as top gas, it is now 427 DEG C in the top gas temperature at gas-based shaft kiln top, top gas enters heat reclamation device from the eliminating of gas-based shaft kiln top and produces steam, refrigerated separation water outlet in top gas water cooler, the top gas feeding reducer compressor being separated water outlet pressurizes, reducer compressor needs the pressure controlling gas in whole technical process at 4-6 handkerchief, the top gas adding overvoltage sends into decarbonation device, the top gas of carbon dioxide removal and water and the coke-oven gas supplemented and be warmed to 70 DEG C at cooling section coke-oven gas together with send in humidifier well heater and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln.
Adopt Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, raw materials for production are pellet and coke-oven gas, are: Fe64-66%, SiO to the requirement of pellet
2<3%, intensity >2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index ﹤ 3%;
Coke-oven gas requires the coal gas after being through purifying treatment, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn3-4%; Its foreign matter content Con trolling index: benzene <2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene <50mg/Nm
3, tar <10mg/Nm
3, H
2s<20mg/Nm
3, HCN<200mg/Nm
3;
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
Carbon under carburizing reflection effect in direct-reduced iron mainly exists with the form of iron carbide, the iron of 70% and carbon is had to be combined into iron carbide in the high-carbon direct-reduced iron of carbon containing more than 3%, iron carbide after over carburizing reflection can strengthen the stability of direct-reduced iron and the activity of steel-making, is conducive to transport and the steel making operation of product.
Embodiment:
Adopt the present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system to produce direct-reduced iron, overtesting and detection proves:
The raw material produced is pellet and coke-oven gas, is: Fe64-66%, SiO to the requirement of pellet
2<3%, intensity >2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index <3%.
Coke-oven gas requires the coal gas after being through purifying treatment, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn3-4%; Its foreign matter content Con trolling index: benzene <2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene <50mg/Nm
3, tar <10mg/Nm
3, H
2s<20mg/Nm
3, HCN<200mg/Nm
3.
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
Adopt the present invention with Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas Electric furnace steel making short route novel process produce direct-reduced iron, main raw materials and fuel consumption and ton direct-reduced iron cost as follows:
| Project | Unit consumption (unit: ton direct-reduced iron) |
| Pellet | 1.39 ton |
| Coke-oven gas | 560 Nm 3/ ton |
| Electric power | 102 kW/h |
| Oxygen | 19 Nm 3 |
| Nitrogen | 9.5 Nm 3 |
| Water | 1.4 ton |
| Production cost | 1853.16 yuan/ton |
Blast furnace iron primary reducing agent is coke, ton blast furnace iron loss 0.5 ton, coke (comprising injection coal), and ton coke price is 2200 yuan, and ton blast furnace iron loss coke expense is 1100 yuan.Ton direct-reduction iron loss coke-oven gas 560Nm
3, every cubic metre of coke-oven gas is by unitary, and ton direct-reduced iron is 560 yuan, and the difference of two kinds of iron product consumption reductive agent (being commonly referred to as fuel) expenses is 1100-560=540 unit.If by annual output 500000 tons of iron products, can be ironworks cost saving year is 500,000 × 540 yuan=2.70 hundred million yuan.
Direct-reduced iron can replace steel scrap (ton direct-reduced iron=ton steel scrap), and ton direct-reduced iron cost price is 1853.16 yuan, and steel scrap market price is 2226.67 yuan, and price difference is 373.51 yuan.By annual output 500000 tons of direct-reduced irons, making profits in year is 500,000 × 373.51=1.86 hundred million yuan.
Direct reduction iron making is the metallurgical application at iron-smelting process of hydrogen, and hydrogen reduction primitive reaction formula is Fe
2o
3+ 3H
2=3Fe+H
2o.As can be seen here, the metallurgical the finished product of hydrogen are water instead of CO
2, say from theory, CO
2discharge is zero.Show according to production leadtime data, direct reduction iron making is than blast furnace ironmaking CO
2discharge minimizing 38%, this is that low-carbon (LC) ironmaking expected, be that green iron and steel is necessary, its social benefit created is considerable.
Direct-reduced iron is pure iron, and S content is less than 0.002, P content is less than 0.002, for electrosmelting Clean Steel creates conditions; For steel mill's production high added value steel, improve steel product quality and create favorable conditions, increase the benefit of steel mill.
Claims (1)
1. use Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system for one kind, it is characterized in that: adopt coke-oven gas to produce for direct-reduced iron and hydrogen resource is provided, direct-reduced iron is produced in gas-based shaft kiln, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, reducing gas loop and reaction tower three part composition, finally in reaction tower, produce direct-reduced iron, the top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, slowly move down under gravity, reduction reaction is carried out with reducing gas in reduction section preheating, generate direct-reduced iron, be cooled to normal temperature to discharge at cooling section cooling gas, obtain cold direct-reduced iron,
The direct-reduced iron technological process of production: adopt coke-oven gas heat treated, coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction, hot reduced iron cooling process carry out carburization reaction and reducing gas recycle and reuse to reduced iron, realized by four processing steps;
(1) coke-oven gas heat treated is adopted:
Coke-oven gas is sent in humidifier and adds water vapour, the coke-oven gas having merged water vapour is heated to 930 DEG C in the heater, methane gas in coke-oven gas heats rear generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen together with water, pure oxygen is sprayed in its backward outlet conduit, carry out partial combustion, make coke-oven gas temperature bring up to 1050 DEG C, reach the requirement from reforming reaction and reduction reaction temperature and heat balance, after enter in the middle part of gas-based shaft kiln;
(2) coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction:
There are three kinds of reactions in the coke-oven gas after heating: from reforming reaction, reduction reaction and carburization reaction in gas-based shaft kiln, the top of gas-based shaft kiln is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters gas-based shaft kiln by the feeding system at gas-based shaft kiln top, slowly move down under gravity, enter the high temperature coke oven coal gas in gas-based shaft kiln, acid pellet is heated to 600 DEG C-700 DEG C, the coke-oven gas of high temperature is under the effect of iron catalyst simultaneously, there is thermo-cracking and from reforming reaction, produce reducing gas hydrogen and carbon monoxide, be hydrogen and carbon monoxide by the methane reforming in coke-oven gas, be heated to acid pellet and the hydrogen of 600 DEG C-700 DEG C, reaction of carbon monoxide, deviate from the oxygen in pellet, produce high-quality direct-reduced iron,
(3) hot reduced iron cooling process carburization reaction is carried out to reduced iron:
The hot direct reduced iron generated after reacting with reducing gas enters cooling section cooling gas and is cooled to normal temperature then to discharge, and the direct-reduced iron obtained is called cold direct-reduced iron, gas compressor is used then to enter cooling loop to the coke-oven gas pressurization supplemented at cooling section, the direct-reduced iron that circulating cooling is produced at gas-based shaft kiln reduction section, hydrocarbon polymer cracking in coke-oven gas is carried out carburization reaction to reduced iron simultaneously, the coke-oven gas cold at cooling section can be heated in the process of cooling heat reduced iron, coke-oven gas is heated to 70 DEG C, coke-oven gas after heating is directly sent in reducing gas compressor and carries out pressure treatment and then send into carbon dioxide recovering apparatus, send in humidifier together with the coke-oven gas supplemented simultaneously and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln, gas cooler is used to carry out cooling process to the coke-oven gas not reaching temperature 70 C at cooling section, gas-based shaft kiln cooling direct-reduced iron is sent into after gas compressor pressurization,
(4) reducing gas recycle and reuse:
Be fed in the reducing gas circuit system at gas-based shaft kiln top through pressurization for the recycle gas that cools, high temperature reductive gas at gas-based shaft kiln top in conversion zone under the effect of iron catalyst, the hydrogen that methane reforming is formed and carbon monoxide, react with iron ore concentrate and generate carbonic acid gas and water, the refrigeration cycle gas sending into reaction tower top through pressurization is called top gas, it is 427 DEG C in the top gas temperature at gas-based shaft kiln top, top gas enters heat reclamation device from the eliminating of gas-based shaft kiln top and produces steam, refrigerated separation water outlet in top gas water cooler, the top gas feeding reducer compressor being separated water outlet pressurizes, reducer compressor needs the pressure controlling gas in whole technical process at 4-6 handkerchief, the top gas of pressurization sends into decarbonation device, top gas and the coke-oven gas supplemented of carbon dioxide removal and water, and to send into together in humidifier well heater at the coke-oven gas that cooling section is warmed to 70 DEG C and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln,
Raw materials for production are pellet and coke-oven gas, are: Fe64-66%, SiO to the requirement of pellet
2<3%, intensity 2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index ﹤ 3%;
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
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