CN101641076B - 结构化表面活性剂组合物 - Google Patents
结构化表面活性剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101641076B CN101641076B CN200880009602.6A CN200880009602A CN101641076B CN 101641076 B CN101641076 B CN 101641076B CN 200880009602 A CN200880009602 A CN 200880009602A CN 101641076 B CN101641076 B CN 101641076B
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- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- QDYLMAYUEZBUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetalkonium chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 QDYLMAYUEZBUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940073551 distearyldimonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QVBODZPPYSSMEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl sulfate;2-hydroxyethylazanium Chemical compound NCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O QVBODZPPYSSMEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyldimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)[O-] SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940096405 magnesium cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003390 magnesium sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种结构化表面活性剂组合物,其包含:相对于100重量份的所述组合物而言,(i)占大于0到最多约15重量份的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,(ii)占大于0到最多约15重量份的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,(iii)占大于0到最多约8重量份的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,(iv)占0到约10重量份的两性表面活性剂,条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量大于等于5重量份,(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和(vi)水。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及表面活性剂组合物,更具体地说,本发明涉及结构化表面活性剂组合物。
背景技术
结构化表面活性剂组合物是液晶组合物,其可用于:家庭护理应用,例如液体洗涤剂、洗衣剂、硬质表面清洁剂、餐具洗涤液;和个人护理用品,例如香波、沐浴液、洗手皂、护肤液、乳霜、调理剂、剃须产品、洗面奶、婴儿护理用品、皮肤护理用品。结构化表面活性剂组合物中的表面活性剂以平面的层状相和/或以球粒的形式存在。
通常,表面活性剂相以分散在水性相中的球粒(即,层状小滴)形式存在。球粒由同中心的双层表面活性剂分子的洋葱状构造构成,双层表面活性剂分子之间捕获有水或电解质溶液。完全为平面的层状表面活性剂相、或完全为球粒状的层状表面活性剂相、或这两种形式的组合能够在同一组合物中共存。结构化表面活性剂组合物通常为可泵送的、非牛顿型组合物,其中由于这些层状表面活性剂相的存在,该组合物能够使非水溶性颗粒物理悬浮。
人们需要的是以较低成本有效地制备上述层状表面活性剂相的方法。
发明概述
在第一方面中,本发明涉及一种结构化表面活性剂组合物,其包含:相对于100重量份(pbw)的所述组合物而言,
(i)占大于0到最多约15pbw的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,
(ii)占大于0到最多约15pbw的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,
(iii)占大于0到最多约8pbw的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,
(iv)占0到约10pbw的两性表面活性剂,
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量为大于等于5pbw,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和
(vi)水。
在第二方面中,本发明涉及一种组合物,其包含:各自相对于100pbw的所述组合物而言,
(a)占约50pbw到约99pbw的水性结构化表面活性剂相,所述结构化表面活性剂相包含:
(i)占大于0到最多约15pbw的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,
(ii)占大于0到最多约15pbw的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,
(iii)占大于0到最多约8pbw的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,
(iv)占0到约10pbw的两性表面活性剂,
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量为大于等于5pbw,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和
(vi)水,以及
(b)占约1pbw到约50pbw的不连续的非水溶性或部分水溶性相,其分散在所述的水性结构化表面活性剂相中。
发明详述和优选实施方式
本文所用的术语“表面活性剂”是指这样的化合物,其在溶于水中的时侯能够降低表面张力。
除非另有明确地说明,否则在整个申请文件中,配制物的所有组分都用重量份(“pbw”)表示,并且是相对于100pbw的结构化表面活性剂组合物而言的。
本文所引用的术语“层状表面活性剂相”是指这样一种物相,其含有多个堆叠并被液体介质隔开的表面活性剂双层。层状相通常为 可倾倒的、非牛顿型的、各向异性的组合物,其外观混浊并且在流动时呈现出特征性的“易弄脏的”外观。层状相可以以几种不同的形式而存在,其包括平行片层(每个片层都是表面活性剂双层)以及球粒(所述的球粒是由多层同中心的球形外壳形成的,其中每一个外壳都是表面活性剂双层)。球粒的直径通常为0.1微米至50微米,因此其与胶束根本不同。
本发明组合物含有有序的液晶相、通常为层状液晶相、更通常为球粒层状液晶相,并且其由于存在有序的液晶相而在目视检查时呈现出不透明的外观。
本文所用的术语“不透明”是指不能完全透过光,并且涵盖从雾状半透明外观到混浊外观再到均匀的饱和白色外观的情况。在一个实施方案中,本发明的结构化表面活性剂化合物涵盖从混浊外观到均匀的饱和白色外观的情况。
所述有序的液晶相在单独存在或者更通常为散布在水相中时,提供了这样的流变性,在体系静置时,该流变性足以固定任何悬浮的颗粒,但是该流变性又足够低,从而能使所述体系像普通液体一样能够被泵送。上述体系可以在搅拌、泵送或倾倒时表现出很低的表观粘度,但是又能够保持颗粒(有时为毫米级或更大尺寸)处于悬浮状态。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物表现出剪切变稀的粘度。本文涉及粘度所用的术语“剪切变稀”是指这样的粘度,其随着剪切速率的增大而减小。剪切变稀可以被描述为“非牛顿流体”行为,这是因为其不同于典型的牛顿流体(例如水),在典型的牛顿流体中,粘度与剪切速率无关。
本文所用的术语“屈服强度”是指使所述组合物流动所需要施加的力的大小。在一个实施方案中,经可控型压力/张力流变仪在两个或多个剪切速率下测量,该组合物的屈服强度为大于0.1帕斯卡(“Pa”),更通常为约1Pa到约100Pa,甚至更通常为约1Pa到约10Pa。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物能够使非水溶性或部分水溶性成分悬浮。
本文涉及水性组合物的成分所用的术语“非水溶性或部分水溶性成分”是指该成分在水性组合物中的浓度高于该成分的溶解度极限,因此,在非水溶性成分的情况中,该成分在水性组合物中基本保持不溶;在部分水溶性成分的情况中,至少一部分该成分在水性组合物中保持不溶。例如,非水溶性或部分水溶性成分可以是固体颗粒形式,或者是连续或非连续的液相(如油滴)形式,或者是不连续的气相(如气泡)形式。
本文用于描述水性组合物的特征的术语“能够使非水溶性或部分水溶性成分悬浮”或者“使非水溶性或部分水溶性成分悬浮”是指:该组合物基本上可防止所述成分漂浮在该组合物中、或所述成分在该组合物中下沉,使得所述成分在该组合物中表现出平衡的浮力,并且在所预计的该水性组合物的加工、储存和使用条件下,所述成分保持至少基本悬浮在该组合物中的状态。能使非水溶性或部分水溶性成分悬浮是本发明的非零屈服强度的一个证明,即本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物在低应力下的抗变形力足以平衡作用于非水溶性成分或水溶性成分上的重力,使得该成分在结构化表面活性剂组合物中保持悬浮。
本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,占约40pbw到约90pbw、更通常为约50pbw到约85pbw的水。
本文涉及有机基团所用的术语“(Cx-Cy)”(其中x和y均为整数)表示这样的基团,每个所述基团中可含有x个碳原子至y个碳原子。
本文所用的术语“烷基”是指一价的饱和的直链或支链烃基,更通常为一价的饱和的(C8-C18)烃基,如辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基、甲基十二烷基、乙基十一烷基或二甲基十一烷基。烷基也可以用其俗称指代,例如,“月桂基”和“十二烷基”都是指C12烷基,“十四烷基”和“椰油基”(“coco”)都是指C14烷基。
本文所用的术语“烯基”是指一价的不饱和的直链或支链烃基,更通常为一价的不饱和的(C8-C18)烃基,例如辛烯基、壬烯基、癸 烯基、十一烯基、十二烯基、十三烯基、十四烯基、十五烯基、十六烯基、十七烯基、十八烯基、甲基十二烯基、乙基十一烯基或二甲基十一烯基。
本文所用的术语“阳离子”是指能适用于个人护理组合物中的阳离子,其包括钠阳离子、钾阳离子、锂阳离子、钙阳离子、镁阳离子和铵阳离子,以及(C1-C6)烷基铵阳离子、(C1-C6)烷氧基铵阳离子(如异丙基铵阳离子,单乙醇铵阳离子、二乙醇胺铵离子和三乙醇铵阳离子)。铵盐通常比钠盐更易溶。可以使用上述阳离子的混合物。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,占约0.5pbw到约10pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂。
在一个实施方案中,所述烷基醚硫酸盐包含一种或多种符合结构(I)的化合物:
R1-O-(CmH2mO)n-So3 -X+ (I)
其中,
R1是(C8-C18)烷基或(C8-C18)烯基,更通常为(C10-C14)烷基,
m为2、3或4,
n为1到约7的整数,通常为1到8的整数,甚至更通常为1到6的整数,
X+是阳离子。
在一个实施方案中,R1是支链的(C8-C18)烷基或烯基,更通常为支链的(C10-C16)烷基,如十三烷基。
合适的支链烷基包括甲基癸基、甲基十一烷基、甲基十二烷基、乙基癸基、乙基十一烷基和乙基十二烷基,例如1-甲基癸基、1-甲基十一烷基、1-甲基十二烷基、1-乙基癸基、1-乙基十一烷基和1-乙基十二烷基。
在一个实施方案中,m为2或3,更通常为2.
在一个实施方案中,n为1、2、3或4。本文用于修饰烷基或烯基的后缀“聚氧乙烯醚”(“eth”)通常是指添加一个或多个氧化亚乙基单元,例如,十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚是指乙氧基化的十三烷基; 后缀“-n”(n是整数)是指每个基团中氧化亚乙基单元的个数,例如,十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-3是指其中每个十三烷基具有三个氧化亚乙基单元的乙氧基化十三烷基。
在一个实施方案中,烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂包含选自下述化合物中的一种或多种化合物,所述化合物为:月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钾、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸镁、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙醇胺、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸镁、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸单乙醇胺、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸二乙醇胺、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙醇胺、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(sodium oleth sulfates)、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钾、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸镁、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸单乙醇胺、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸二乙醇胺、油烯基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙醇胺。
在一个实施方案中,烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂包含选自下述化合物中的一种或多种支链烷基醚硫酸盐,所述化合物为:十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-1硫酸钠、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-1硫酸钾和十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-1硫酸铵,十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-2硫酸钠、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-2硫酸钾和十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-2硫酸铵,十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-3硫酸钠、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-3硫酸钾和十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-3硫酸铵,十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-4硫酸钠、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-4硫酸钾和十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-4硫酸铵。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,占约1.5pbw到约12pbw、更通常为约3pbw到约10pbw的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂。
在一个实施方案中,烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(II)的化合物:
R2-O-SO3 -X+ (II)
其中,
R2是(C8-C18)烷基或(C8-C18)烯基,
X+是阳离子。
在一个实施方案中,R2是十二烷基、十三烷基或油烯基。
在一个实施方案中,烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂包含选自下述化合物中的一种或多种化合物,所述化合物为:月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钾、月桂基硫酸镁、月桂基硫酸铵、月桂基硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、十三烷基硫酸钠、十三烷基硫酸钾、十三烷基硫酸镁、十三烷基硫酸铵、十三烷基硫酸单乙醇胺、十三烷基硫酸二乙醇胺、十三烷基硫酸三乙醇胺、油烯基硫酸钠、油烯基硫酸钾、油烯基硫酸镁、油烯基硫酸铵、油烯基硫酸单乙醇胺、油烯基硫酸二乙醇胺、油烯基硫酸三乙醇胺。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,占约0.5pbw到约6pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约4pbw的烷醇酰胺。
在一个实施方案中,所述烷醇酰胺包含一种或多种符合结构(III)的化合物:
其中,R3是饱和或不饱和的直链或支链的(C5-C24)脂族基团,
R4和R5是相同或不同的直链或支链的C2-C4脂族基团,
x为0到10的整数,y为1到10的整数,且x与y之和小于等于10。
合适的烷醇酰胺包括脂肪酸烷醇酰胺,如椰油酰胺MEA(椰油酰单乙醇胺)、椰油酰胺MIPA(椰油酰单异丙醇胺)和椰油酰胺DEA(椰油酰二乙醇胺),月桂酰胺MEA(月桂酰单乙醇胺)和月桂酰胺DEA(月桂酰二乙醇胺);和烷氧基化的烷醇酰胺,如PEG-5椰油酰胺MEA(符合以上的结构(III)的化合物,在该化合物中,R3是 (C12-C12)烷基,R4和R5分别是C2H4,且x+y=5);以及以上任意化合物的混合物。
在一个实施方案中,组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占该组合物的大于等于约10pbw、更通常为大于等于约15pbw。
本发明组合物中的电解质组分促使了层状液晶表面活性剂相的形成,由此产生本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物的不透明视觉外观以及非零的屈服强度。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物还包含:相对于100pbw的该结构化表面活性剂组合物而言,占最多约20pbw、通常为约0.1pbw到约15pbw、还更通常为约0.5pbw到约10pbw的电解质。
合适的电解质包括:有机盐类、无机盐类和二者的混合物,以及聚电解质,例如未封端的聚丙烯酸盐、聚马来酸盐或聚羧酸盐,木质素磺酸盐或萘磺酸盐甲醛共聚物。所述电解质通常含有具有阳离子成分和阴离子成分的盐类。合适的阳离子可以是一价的或多价的,可以是有机的或无机的,并且包括(例如):钠、钾、锂、钙、镁、铯和锂阳离子,以及单甲基铵阳离子、二甲基铵阳离子、三甲基铵阳离子或季铵阳离子,或吡啶鎓阳离子。合适的阴离子可以是一价的或多价的,可以是有机的或无机的,并且包括(例如)氯离子、硫酸根、硝酸根、亚硝酸根、碳酸根、柠檬酸根、氰酸根、醋酸根、苯甲酸根、酒石酸根、草酸根、磷酸根和膦酸根阴离子。合适的电解质包括(例如)多价的阴离子和一价的阳离子形成的盐,如焦磷酸钾、三聚磷酸钾和柠檬酸钠;多价的阳离子和一价的阴离子形成的盐,如氯化钙、溴化钙、卤化锌、氯化钡和硝酸钙;一价的阳离子和一价的阴离子形成的盐,如氯化钠、氯化钾、碘化钾、溴化钠、溴化铵、碱金属硝酸盐和硝酸铵。所述电解质可以作为单独的组分加入,或者可以与本发明组合物中的其它组分组合加入。
在一个实施方案中,所述电解质含有NaCl、NH4Cl或二者的混合物。已经发现,使用NH4Cl作为本发明组合物的电解质组分的至少一部分可以提供改善的效力,即,与其它电解质相比较,只需要较 少量的NH4Cl与所述组合物的其它组分相组合就可以提供具有不透明的视觉外观且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物。在一个实施方案中,所述电解质包含NH4Cl。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物还含有两性表面活性剂。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,占约1pbw到约8pbw、更通常为约2pbw到约6pbw的两性表面活性剂。
合适的两性表面活性剂包括(例如):脂族仲胺和叔胺的衍生物,其中脂族基团可为直链或支链的,并且其中一个脂族取代基包含约8到约18个碳原子、一个脂族取代基包含阴离子型水溶性基团;以及其混合物。合适的两性表面活性剂的具体例子包括:烷基两性羧基甘氨酸和烷基两性羧基丙酸、烷基两性二丙酸、烷基两性二乙酸、烷基两性甘氨酸和烷基两性丙酸、以及烷基亚氨基丙酸、烷基亚氨基二丙酸和烷基两性丙基磺酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、铵盐或取代铵盐,例如:椰油基两性乙酸盐、椰油基两性丙酸盐、椰油基两性二乙酸盐、月桂酰两性乙酸盐、月桂酰两性二乙酸盐、月桂酰两性二丙酸盐、月桂酰两性二乙酸盐、椰油基两性丙基磺酸根合己酰基两性二乙酸盐、己酰基两性乙酸盐、己酰基两性二丙酸盐和硬脂酰基两性乙酸盐。
在一个实施方案中,所述两性表面活性剂包含选自符合结构(IV)和(V)的化合物中的一种或多种化合物:
其中,R6是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p是2或3,
R7是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p′是2或3,且
各X+独立地为阳离子。
在一个实施方案中,R6是(C10-C14)烷基,更通常为癸烷基、十二烷基或者为十二烷基和十四烷基的混合物。
在一个实施方案中,R7是(C10-C14)烷基,更通常为癸烷、十二烷基或者为十二烷基和十四烷基的混合物。
在一个实施方案中,两性表面活性剂包含月桂酰两性乙酸钠、月桂酰两性二乙酸二钠、月桂酰两性丙酸钠、月桂酰两性二丙酸二钠、椰油基两性乙酸钠、椰油基两性二乙酸二钠、辛酰基两性丙酸钠和辛酰基两性二乙酸二钠中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方案中,结构化表面活性剂组合物包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,
(i)占大于0pbw到最多约15pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约10pbw、还更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(I)的化合物:
R1-O-(CmH2mO)n-So3 -X+ (I)
其中,R1是(C8-C18)烷基,
m为2或3,
n为1到约5的整数,且
X+是阳离子。
(ii)占大于0pbw到最多约15pbw、更通常为约1.5pbw到约 12pbw、还更通常为约3pbw到约10pbw的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(II)的化合物:
其中,R2是(C8-C18)烷基,且
X+是阳离子。
(iii)占大于0到最多约10pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约6pbw、还更通常为约1pbw到约4pbw的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(III)的化合物:
其中,R3是饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的(C5-C24)脂族基团,
R4和R5是相同或不同的直链或支链的C2-C4脂族基团,
x为0到10的整数,y为1到10的整数,且x与y之和小于等于10;
(iv)占0pbw到约10pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw、还更通常为约2pbw到约6pbw的两性表面活性剂,其包含选自符合结构(IV)和(V)的化合物中的一种或多种化合物:
其中,R6是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p是2或3,
R7是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p′是2或3,且
各X+独立地为阳离子。
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占所述组合物的大于等于5pbw、更通常为大于等于约10pbw、还更通常为大于等于约15pbw,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和
(vi)水。
所述组合物可任选地进一步包含:相对于100pbw的该组合物而言,占最多约30pbw、更通常为最多约10pbw的附加的表面活性剂,其包括阳离子表面活性剂、除烷醇酰胺以外的其它非离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、及其混合物。
合适的阳离子表面活性剂通常为单阳离子的化合物(即,每个分子仅有一个阳离子位点),并且其包括:季铵化合物,如十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(也称为CETAB或西曲溴铵)、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(也称为鲸蜡基三甲基氯化铵)、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(也称为肉豆蔻基三甲基溴化铵或季铵盐-13)、十八烷基二甲基双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵(stearyl dimethyl distearyldimonium chloride)、双十六烷基二甲基氯化铵、甲基硫酸十八烷基辛基二甲基铵、甲基硫酸二氢化棕榈基乙基羟乙基甲基铵(dihydrogenated palmoylethylhydroxyethylmonium methosulfate)、异十八烷基苄基咪唑啉盐酸盐(isostearyl benzylimidonium chloride)、椰油酰基苄基羟乙基咪唑啉盐酸盐(cocoyl benzyl hydroxyethyl imidazolinium chloride)、双十六烷基二甲基氯化铵和双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵、异十八烷基氨基丙基二甲基苄基氯化铵(isostearylaminopropalkonium chloride)或油烯基二甲基苄基氯化铵(olealkonium chloride)、山萮基三甲基氯化铵;以及其混合物。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物不含单阳离子的表面活性剂。在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物不含阳离子表面活性剂。在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物不含除了多阳离子的聚合物增稠剂(如下文所述的阳离子瓜尔胶)之外的阳离子化合物。
合适的非离子表面活性剂包括:氧化胺,如月桂胺氧化物、椰油胺氧化物、硬脂胺氧化物、硬脂酰胺丙胺氧化物、棕榈酰胺丙胺氧化物、癸胺氧化物;脂肪醇,如癸醇、月桂醇、十三烷醇、肉豆蔻醇、鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇、油醇、亚油醇、亚麻醇;烷氧基化的醇,如平均每个分子上具有5个氧化亚乙基单元的乙氧基化月桂醇、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚醇;脂肪酸,如月桂酸、油酸、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸、十六/十八烷酸(cetearic acid)、异硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、蓖麻酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、肉豆蔻烯酸;脂肪酸酯,如异硬脂酸丙二醇酯、油酸丙二醇酯、异硬脂酸甘油酯和油酸甘油酯;及其混合物。
在一个实施方案中,本发明组合物不含除了该组合物的烷醇酰胺组分以外的非离子表面活性剂。
合适的两性离子表面活性剂包括:烷基甜菜碱,如椰油基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基α-羧基乙基甜菜碱、十六烷基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基双(2-羟乙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、十八烷基双(2-羟丙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、油烯基二甲基γ-羧基丙基甜菜碱、月桂基双(2-羟基丙基)α-羧基乙基甜菜碱、酰氨基丙基甜菜碱;和烷基磺基甜菜碱,如椰油基二甲基磺丙基甜菜碱、十八烷基二甲基磺丙基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基磺乙基甜菜碱、月桂基双(2-羟乙基)磺丙基甜菜碱和烷基酰氨基丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱。
本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物还可任选地包含一种或多种防腐剂,例如苯甲醇、羟苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯或咪唑烷基脲,以及DMDM海因;并且还可任选地包含一种或更多种pH调节剂,如柠檬酸、琥珀酸、磷酸、氢氧化钠或碳酸钠。
概括而言,本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物是通过以下方法制成的:将阴离子表面活性剂和水加到一起并混合,加入结构化试剂,然后再加入溶剂,可任选地调节pH以及/或者加入防腐剂。可供选用 的另外一种方式是,所述溶剂可以与阴离子表面活性剂和水一起添加。还可对该结构化表面活性剂组合物进行高剪切混合。本文所用的术语“高剪切混合”是指在高剪切条件下进行的混合,剪切速率通常为大于等于约1,000s-1,更通常为大于等于约3,500s-1。
可以在已知的混合设备(例如高剪切混合器或均化器)中对结构化表面活性剂进行高剪切混合。
在一个实施方案中,本发明结构化表面活性剂组合物的pH为4到8,更通常为5到6。
本发明的组合物能够使非水溶性颗粒或部分水溶性成分(如植物油、烃油、硅油、固体颗粒、研磨剂和类似物)悬浮。所述的组合物提供了这样一种手段,其可在表面活性剂混合物中引入用其它方法难以混合的成分,从而获得具有多重功效的化妆品制剂,所述功效(在某些情况下)包括清洁、增湿、改善的皮肤感觉、磨皮/磨砂、焕然一新的外观、或这些功效的综合。
组合物使非水溶性或部分水溶性成分悬浮的能力通常通过以下方法评价:充分搅拌组合物以使该组合物夹带气泡,然后目视观察在一定时期内(例如12到24小时内)、在一定的环境条件(例如室温)下,气泡是否还被夹带在该组合物中。在一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物能够使气泡悬浮至少1周、更通常为至少3个月。能够在室温下使气泡悬浮至少12小时的组合物被认为是在通常所预计的该组合物的加工、储存和使用条件下,一般能够使该组合物中的非水溶性或部分水溶性成分悬浮。对于空气以外的成分,应该通过使用所关心的成分进行类似的悬浮试验,来对空气悬浮试验的结果进行证实。对于非常苛刻的加工、储存和/或使用条件,更严格的试验可能是合适的。
在一个实施方案中,在更严格的条件下对非水溶性或部分水溶性成分的悬浮能力进行评价,即,对混合后的样品进行一次或更多次冷冻/解冻循环,其中每次冷冻/解冻循环是由-10℃下12小时和25℃下12小时构成的,然后目视评价该样品。在一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物在经历一次冷冻/解冻循环(更通常为3次冷冻/解冻循环)后,仍然能够使气泡悬浮。
本发明的组合物可用于(例如)个人护理应用,例如香波、沐浴液、洗手皂、护肤液、乳霜、调理剂、剃须产品、洗面奶、中性香波、个人擦拭用品和皮肤护理用品;家庭护理应用,例如液体洗涤剂、洗衣剂、硬质表面清洁剂、餐具洗涤液、抽水马桶清洗剂;和其它应用,例如油田应用和农用化学品应用。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物含有一种或多种“有益试剂”,即,能够对个人护理组合物的使用者提供个人护理的有益效果(如增湿或调理)的原料,如润肤剂、油、增湿剂、湿润剂、调理剂、聚合物、维生素、研磨剂、UV吸收剂、抗微生物剂、抗头皮屑剂、香料;和/或外观调节用添加剂,如着色颗粒或反光颗粒;所述“有益试剂”可以是固体、液体或气体的形式,可以不溶于或部分可溶于结构化表面活性剂组合物中。可以使用有益试剂的混合物。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物能够增强有益试剂在皮肤或头发上的沉积。
在一个实施方案中,依据本发明的个人护理组合物含有湿润剂。合适的湿润剂是指有利于表皮吸湿的生理和美容方面可接受的原料,并且其包括:(例如)乳酸铵、乳酸钠、丙二醇、丁二醇、甘油、双甘油、蜂蜜、聚甲基丙烯酸甘油酯,乳酸、透明质酸、葡萄糖醛酸、聚葡萄糖醛酸、谷氨酸、葡萄糖醛酸内酯、2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸的钠盐(“钠PCA”)、泛酰醇、山梨醇、羟乙基山梨醇、葡萄糖、木糖、天冬氨酸钠和聚天冬氨酸钠、脲以及上述任何材料的混合物。在一个实施方案中,所述湿润剂包含甘油。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物含有:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,
(a)占约50pbw到小于100pbw、更通常为约70pbw到约99pbw的水性结构化表面活性剂相,所述结构化表面活性剂相包含:
(i)占大于0pbw到最多约15pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约10pbw、还更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(I)的化合物:
R1-O-(CmH2mO)n-So3 -X+ (I)
其中,R1是(C8-C18)烷基,
m为2或3,
n为1到约5的整数,且
X+是阳离子;
(ii)占大于0pbw到最多约15pbw、更通常为约1.5pbw到约12pbw、还更通常为约3pbw到约10pbw的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(II)的化合物:
R2-O-SO3 -X+ (II),
其中,R2是(C8-C18)烷基,且
X+是阳离子;
(iii)占大于0到最多约10pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约6pbw、还更通常为约1pbw到约4pbw的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(III)的化合物:
其中,R3是饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的(C5-C24)脂族基团,
R4和R5是相同或不同的C2-C4直链或支链的脂族基团,
x为0到10的整数,y为1到10的整数,且x与y之和小于等于10;
(iv)占0pbw到约10pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw、还更通常为约2pbw到约6pbw的两性表面活性剂,其包含选自符合结构(IV)和(V)的化合物中的一种或多种化合物:
其中,R6是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p是2或3,
R7是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p′是2或3,且
各X+独立地为阳离子;
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占所述组合物的大于等于5pbw、更通常为大于等于约10pbw、还更通常为大于等于约15pbw,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和
(vi)水,
以及
(b)占大于0到最多约50pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约30pbw的一种或多种有益试剂。
在本发明个人护理组合物的一个实施方案中,有益试剂包含湿润剂。在一个实施方案中,所述有益试剂包含:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占大于0到最多约25pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约20pbw的湿润剂。
在本发明个人护理组合物的一个实施方案中,有益试剂包含一种或多种油。在一个实施方案中,所述有益试剂包含:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占大于0到最多约40pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约30pbw的油。
在本发明个人护理组合物的一个实施方案中,有益试剂包含湿润剂和一种或多种油。
在一个实施方案中,个人护理组合物包含:各自相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占约50pbw到少于100pbw、更通常为约70pbw到约99pbw的含有如上文所述的本发明水性结构化表面活性剂组合物的水性结构化表面活性剂相,以及占大于0到最多约50pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约30pbw的分散在所述水性结构化表面活性剂相中的不连续的非水溶性或部分水溶性相。
在一个实施方案中,非水溶性或部分水溶性相包含油。
适合作为有益试剂和/或作为非水溶性或部分水溶性相的成分的油包括:植物油,如花生油、蓖麻油、可可油、椰子油、玉米油、棉花籽油、橄榄油、棕榈仁油、油菜籽油、向日葵油、红花籽油、芝麻油和大豆油、牛油果油、鳄梨油、米糠油、霍霍巴油、葡萄籽油、甜杏仁油、芥花籽油、杏仁油、胡桃油和小麦胚芽油;矿物油,如矿脂;和硅油,如聚二甲基硅氧烷。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物包含:湿润剂(通常为甘油);和油(更通常为植物油和/或矿脂)。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物能够增强油在皮肤或头发上的沉积。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物包含:各自相对于100pbw该组合物而言,
(a)占约50pbw到小于100pbw、更通常为约70pbw到约99pbw的水性结构化表面活性剂相,所述结构化表面活性剂相包含:
(i)占大于0到最多约15pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约10pbw、还更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(I)的化合物:
R1-O-(CmH2mO)n-So3 -X+ (I)
其中,R1是(C8-C18)烷基,
m为2或3,
n为1到约5的整数,并且
X+是阳离子;
(ii)占大于0到最多约15pbw、更通常为约1.5pbw到约12pbw、还更通常为约3pbw到约10pbw的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(II)的化合物:
R2-O-SO3 -X+ (II)
其中,R2是(C8-C18)烷基,且
X+是阳离子;
(iii)占大于0到最多约10pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约6pbw、还更通常为约1pbw到约4pbw的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,其包含一种或多种符合结构(III)的化合物:
其中,R3是饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的(C5-C24)脂族基团,
R4和R5是相同或不同的直链或支链的C2-C4脂族基团,
x为0到10的整数,y为1到10的整数,且x与y之和小于等于10,
(iv)占0到约10pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约8pbw、还更通常为约2pbw到约6pbw的两性表面活性剂,其包含选自符合结构(IV)和(V)的化合物中的一种或多种化合物:
其中,R6是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p是2或3,
R7是(C1-C18)脂族基团,
p′是2或3,且
各X+独立地为阳离子;
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占所述组合物的大于等于5pbw、更通常为大于等于约10pbw、还更通常为大于等于约15pbw,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和
(vi)水,
以及
(b)占大于0到最多约50pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约30pbw的不连续的非水溶性或部分水溶性相,该非水溶性或部分水溶性相包含一种或多种选自植物油中的油,并且分散在所述的水性结构化表面活性剂相中。
在一个实施方案中,个人护理组合物是皮肤护理组合物,并且包含:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占约50pbw到少于100pbw、 更通常为约70pbw到约99pbw、甚至更通常为约80pbw到约95pbw的水性结构化表面活性剂相,和占大于0到最多约50pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约30pbw、甚至更通常为约5pbw到约20pbw的不连续的非水溶性或部分水溶性相。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物是头发护理组合物,并且其包含:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占约85pbw到少于100pbw、更通常为约90pbw到约99pbw、甚至更通常为约95pbw到约99pbw的水性结构化表面活性剂相,和占大于0到最多约15pbw、更通常为约1pbw到约10pbw、甚至更通常为约1pbw到约5pbw的不连续的非水溶性或部分水溶性相。
本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物能够提供即使在没有聚合物增稠剂存在的情况下也具有非零屈服强度的、稳定的结构化组合物。
在某些应用中,可能认为聚合物增稠剂会使所述组合物具有不希望的皮肤发粘感,因而优选的是,在所述组合物中不含该聚合物或者使该聚合物的用量最小化。在一个实施方案中,所述个人护理组合物不含聚合物增稠剂。
在某些应用中,聚合物增稠剂的存在并非是不可行的,并且在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物还包含:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占最多约5pbw、更通常为最多约2pbw的聚合物增稠剂。合适的聚合物增稠剂是本领域已知的化合物,其包括(例如):琼脂;藻酸盐;阿拉伯木聚糖;角叉菜胶;明胶;胞外多糖;β-葡聚糖;阿拉伯树胶;刺槐豆胶;果胶;琥珀酰聚糖;黄原胶;瓜尔胶;瓜尔胶衍生物,如羟丙基瓜尔胶(例如JaguarTM HP-8瓜尔胶、JaguarHP-105瓜尔胶、Jaguar HP-60瓜尔胶、Jaguar HP-120瓜尔胶、JaguarC-162瓜尔胶,其均可得自罗迪亚公司)和阳离子瓜尔胶(例如JaguarC-17瓜尔胶,由罗迪亚公司生产);淀粉、淀粉和淀粉衍生物,如羟丙基淀粉磷酸钠(例如羟丙基淀粉磷酸钠(Pure-Gel 980和Pure-Gel998淀粉,其均可得自Grain Processing公司);纤维素和纤维素衍生物,如羧烷基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素、烷基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素的季铵盐衍生物);丙烯酸酯聚合物,如丙烯酸酯-氨基丙烯酸酯 -C10-30烷基PEG-20衣康酸酯共聚物(例如Structure-PlusTM聚合物,其得自National Starch公司)、阳离子聚合物(例如Rheovis CSP、Rheovis CDE和Rheovis CDP聚合物,其得自Ciba公司)、聚丙烯酰亚氨基甲基丙烷磺酸盐,如聚季铵盐-4(PlexagelTM ASC聚合物,得自ISP公司)、疏水改性的非离子型多元醇(如AcusolTM 880和Acusol 882多元醇,得自Rohm&Haas公司),以及PEG-150二硬脂酸酯。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物含有大于0到最多约5pbw、更通常为约0.1pbw到约2pbw的一种或多种聚合物增稠剂,更通常为一种或多种多糖聚合物增稠剂。
在本发明的个人护理组合物的一个实施方案中,有益试剂含有:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占大于0到最多约25pbw、更通常为约0.5pbw到约20pbw的湿润剂,更通常为甘油;并且该组合物还含有:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占大于0到最多约5pbw、更通常为约0.1pbw到约2pbw的一种或多种聚合物增稠剂,更通常为一种或多种多糖聚合物增稠剂。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物含有聚合物增稠剂成分,该增稠剂含有:相对于100pbw该组合物而言,占大于0到最多约1.5pbw、更通常为约0.1到约0.5pbw的阳离子瓜尔胶,和占大于0到最多约2pbw、更通常为约0.1pbw到约1.0pbw的非衍生型瓜尔胶。
在本发明的个人护理组合物的实施方案中,所述组合物还含有可任选的聚合物成分,与不含该聚合物的类似组合物相比,该聚合物能够使粘度增加,并且能提供改善的稳定性,以及增加该结构化表面活性剂组合物的屈服强度。
本发明的个人护理组合物还可任选地包含:各自相对于100pbw该个人护理组合物而言,占约0到约10pbw、通常为0.5pbw到约5.0pbw的本领域已知的其它组分,例如:防腐剂,如苯甲醇、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯和咪唑烷基脲;电解质,如氯化钠、硫酸钠、聚乙烯醇和柠檬酸钠;pH调节剂,如柠檬酸、琥珀酸、磷 酸、氢氧化钠和碳酸钠;染料;和螯合剂,如乙二胺四乙酸二钠。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的个人护理组合物含有形成第一宏观“相”(如上所述,其本身可具有多个相,包括水性相、平面的层状表面活性剂相和球粒状的层状表面活性剂相)的本发明的结构化表面活性剂组分,该个人护理组合物还含有一个或多个附加的宏观相,该附加的宏观相与所述的第一相至少基本不同。本文所用的涉及本发明的多相实施方案中的多个相的术语“基本不同”是指:这些相各自在指定的相中均表现出基本均匀的性质,并且这些相至少在一种特征或性质上是不同的,所述特征或性质例如为视觉特征(例如颜色、透明性和珠光)、或物理/化学性质(例如粘度、滑润性和/或有益试剂的含量)。
本发明的结构化表面活性剂组合物及其在个人护理组合物中作为结构化表面活性剂相的使用能够在有油存在时提供良好的起泡性能,并且能够在不需要聚合物成分存在的情况下使油良好地沉积在皮肤和/或头发上,以及使油相达到高的加载量。
例A1-A27
例A1-A27的组合物是通过将下表A-I至A-III所列的成分混合而制备的,从而得到各成分的相对量如表中所示的组合物。
十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠, 每摩尔结合3摩尔乙氧基 | STES |
月桂基硫酸钠 | SLS |
月桂基硫酸铵 | ALS |
月桂酰两性乙酸钠 | SLAA |
椰油酰单乙醇胺 | CMEA |
氯化钠 | NaCl |
氯化铵 | NH4Cl |
柠檬酸,以50%水溶液的形式添加 | 50%柠檬酸 |
对例A1到A27的各组合物进行目视评价,以确定其视觉外观、不同宏观相的表观数目、表观存在屈服强度与否(其由组合物悬浮气泡的能力表示)。表现出单一不透明相、并且看上去表现出一定的屈服强度的组合物被判定为球粒状组合物。在各情况中,将答案为肯定的结果在表格中表示为“+”,“NR”则表示没有报告相应例子的相应评价项目的结果。
表A-I
成分 | 例 A1 | 例 A2 | 例 A3 | 例 A4 | 例 A5 | 例 A6 | 例 A7 | 例 A8 | 例 A9 |
表面活性剂的总量(%) | 31.6 | 27.7 | 18.9 | 14.2 | 14.0 | 13.7 | 11.0 | 9.3 | 9.0 |
STES(%) | 10.2 | 9.0 | 6.1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 2.9 |
SLS(%) | 10.2 | 9.0 | 6.1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 2.9 |
SLAA(%) | 6.8 | 6.0 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
CMEA(%) | 4.3 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
NaCl(%) | 0 | 11.9 | 41 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 4.4 | 2.4 | 0 | 3.8 |
水(%) | 68.5 | 60.3 | 77.0 | 84.3 | 83.1 | 81.8 | 86.6 | 90.7 | 87.2 |
是不透明吗? | NR | + | + | NR | + | + | NR | - | + |
相的个数 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
存在屈服强度吗? | NR | + | + | NR | + | + | NR | - | + |
是球粒状吗? | - | + | + | - | + | + | - | - | + |
表A-II
成分 | 例 A10 | 例 A11 | 例 A12 | 例 A13 | 例 A14 | 例 A15 | 例 A16 | 例 A17 | 例 A18 |
表面活性剂的 总量(%) | 14.0 | 11.0 | 18.9 | 13.7 | 14.2 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 27.7 | 31.5 |
STES(%) | 2.3 | 1.8 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 4.5 | 5.1 |
SLS(%) | 6.8 | 5.4 | 9.2 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 13.5 | 15.3 |
SLAA(%) | 3.0 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 6.0 | 6.8 |
CMEA(%) | 1.9 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 4.3 |
NaCl(%) | 3.0 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 1.5 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 11.9 | 0.0 |
水(%) | 83.1 | 86.6 | 77.0 | 81.8 | 84.3 | 87.2 | 90.7 | 60.4 | 68.5 |
是不透明吗? | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | NR | NR |
相的个数 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
存在屈服强度 吗? | + | - | + | + | - | + | - | NR | NR |
是球粒状吗? | + | - | + | + | - | + | - | - | - |
表A-III
成分 | 例 A19 | 例 A20 | 例 A21 | 例 A22 | 例 A23 | 例 A24 | 例 A25 | 例 A26 | 例 A27 |
表面活性剂的总量 (%) | 14.0 | 11.0 | 18.9 | 13.7 | 14.2 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 27.7 | 31.5 |
STES(%) | 4.5 | 3.6 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 10.2 |
ALS(%) | 4.5 | 3.6 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 10.2 |
SLAA(%) | 3.0 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 6.0 | 6.8 |
CMEA(%) | 1.9 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 4.3 |
NaCl(%) | 3.0 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 1.5 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 11.9 | 0.0 |
水(%) | 83.1 | 86.6 | 77.0 | 81.8 | 84.3 | 87.2 | 90.7 | 60.4 | 68.5 |
是不透明吗? | NR | NR | + | + | NR | + | - | + | NR |
相的个数 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
存在屈服强度吗? | NR | NR | + | + | NR | + | - | + | NR |
是球粒状吗? | - | - | + | + | - | + | - | + | - |
例B1到B24
例B1-B24的组合物是通过将下表B-I至B-III所列的各种成分混合而制备的,从而得到各成分的相对量如表中所示的组合物。按照 与以上针对例A1到A27相同的方式评价例B1到B24的组合物的视觉外观、不同的宏观相的表观数目、以及表观存在屈服强度与否。
表B-I
成分 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | B8 |
STES(%) | 2.84 | 2.81 | 2.79 | 2.76 | 2.84 | 2.81 | 2.79 | 2.76 |
SLS(%) | 5.66 | 5.61 | 5.55 | 5.50 | 5.66 | 5.61 | 5.55 | 5.50 |
SLAA(%) | 3.82 | 3.78 | 3.74 | 3.71 | 3.82 | 3.37 | 2.35 | 2.33 |
CMEA(%) | 2.39 | 2.37 | 2.35 | 2.33 | 2.39 | 2.37 | 2.35 | 2.33 |
NaCl(%) | 1.96 | 2.91 | 3.85 | 4.76 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
NH4Cl(%) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.96 | 1.75 | 1.73 | 1.71 |
水(%) | 81.56 | 80.77 | 79.99 | 79.23 | 81.56 | 80.77 | 79.99 | 79.23 |
是不透明吗? | NR | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
相的个数 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
存在屈服强度吗? | NR | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
是球粒状吗? | - | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
表B-II
成分 | B9 | B10 | B11 | B12 | B13 | B14 | B15 | B16 |
STES(%) | 3.79 | 3.75 | 3.72 | 3.68 | 4.85 | 4.80 | 4.75 | 4.71 |
SLS(%) | 7.55 | 7.48 | 7.41 | 7.34 | 4.85 | 4.80 | 4.75 | 4.71 |
SLAA(%) | 5.09 | 5.04 | 4.99 | 4.94 | 3.26 | 3.22 | 3/19 | 3/16 |
CMEA(%) | 3.19 | 3.16 | 3.13 | 3.10 | 2.02 | 2.02 | 2.00 | 1.98 |
NaCl(%) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 1.95 | 2.91 |
NH4Cl(%) | 1.96 | 2.91 | 3.85 | 4.76 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
50%柠檬酸 | 1.76 | 1.75 | 1.73 | 1.71 | 1.80 | 1.78 | 1.76 | 1.73 |
水(%) | 76.65 | 75.91 | 75.18 | 74.46 | 83.20 | 82.38 | 81.57 | 80.78 |
是不透明吗? | + | + | + | + | - | - | NR | + |
相的个数 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
存在屈服强度吗? | + | + | + | + | - | - | NR | + |
是球粒状吗? | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | + |
表B-III
成分 | B17 | B18 | B19 | B20 | b21 | B22 | B23 | B24 |
STES(%) | 4.66 | 4.62 | 6.47 | 6.40 | 6.34 | 6.28 | 6.22 | 6.16 |
SLS(%) | 4.66 | 4.62 | 6.47 | 6.40 | 6.34 | 6.28 | 6.22 | 6.16 |
SLAA(%) | 3.13 | 3.10 | 4.34 | 4.30 | 4.26 | 4.21 | 4.17 | 4.13 |
CMEA(%) | 1.96 | 1.95 | 2.72 | 2.70 | 2.67 | 2.64 | 2.62 | 2.59 |
NaCl(%) | 3.85 | 4.76 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 1.96 | 2.91 | 3.85 | 4.76 |
NH4Cl(%) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
50%柠檬酸 | 1.73 | 1.71 | 1.80 | 1.78 | 1.76 | 1.75 | 1.73 | 1.71 |
水(%) | 80.00 | 79.24 | 78.20 | 77.43 | 76.67 | 75.93 | 75.20 | 74.46 |
是不透明吗? | + | + | - | NR | + | + | + | + |
相的个数 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
存在屈服强度吗? | + | + | - | NR | + | + | + | + |
是球粒状吗? | + | + | - | - | + | + | + | + |
采用AR-G2流变仪(其得自TA Instruments公司),通过测量应力随剪切速率(通常为0.1s-1到500s-1的剪切速率)而变化的情况来确定某些组合物的屈服强度。例B3的组合物的屈服强度为5.264Pa,例B6的组合物的屈服强度为1.403Pa。
例C1到C14
例C1到C14的个人护理组合物是通过将下面的表中所列的成分混合而制备的,从而得到各成分的含量如表中所示(单位为pbw/100pbw组合物)的组合物。
所有的组合物均表现为不透明、白色、粘性的乳状组合物,其可用作保湿沐浴组合物。
表C1
成分 | 例C1 | 例C2 | 例C3 | 例C4 | 例C5 | 例C6 |
水 | 64.54 | 68.57 | 80.69 | 64.20 | 75.56 | 67.82 |
STES | 2.90 | 2.34 | 2.75 | 3.10 | 3.65 | 3.87 |
SLS | 5.77 | 4.66 | 5.48 | 6.18 | 7.28 | 3.87 |
SLAA | 3.89 | 3.14 | 3.69 | 4.16 | 4.90 | 2.60 |
CMEA | 2.44 | 1.97 | 2.32 | 2.61 | 3.08 | 1.63 |
向日葵油 | 15.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Jaguar C-17 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
油菜籽油 | 0 | 15.00 | 0 | 15.00 | 0 | 15.00 |
Jaguar S | 0.50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NH4Cl | 3.50 | 2.87 | 3.37 | 2.87 | 3.37 | 0 |
NaCl | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.65 |
柠檬酸(50%溶液) | 1.26 | 1.26 | 1.48 | 1.67 | 1.96 | 1.36 |
合计 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
表C2
成分 | 例C7 | 例C8 | 例C9 | 例C10 | 例C11 | 例C12 |
水 | 79.82 | 64.76 | 76.22 | 64.54 | 67.56 | 79.51 |
STES | 4.55 | 5.23 | 6.16 | 2.42 | 1.93 | 2.27 |
SLS | 4.55 | 5.23 | 6.16 | 7.28 | 5.79 | 6.81 |
SLAA | 3.06 | 3.51 | 4.14 | 3.26 | 2.59 | 3.05 |
CMEA | 1.92 | 2.20 | 2.59 | 2.04 | 1.62 | 1.91 |
Jaguar C-17 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Jaguar S | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.50 | 0 | 0 |
油菜籽油 | 0 | 15.00 | 0 | 0 | 15.00 | 0 |
向日葵油 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.00 | 0 | 0 |
NaCl | 4.30 | 2.47 | 2.91 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NH4Cl | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.00 | 4.04 | 4.75 |
柠檬酸(50%溶液) | 1.60 | 1.38 | 1.62 | 1.26 | 1.27 | 1.50 |
合计 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
表C3
成分 | 例C13 | 例C14 |
水 | 64.07 | 75.40 |
STES | 2.59 | 3.05 |
SLS | 7.77 | 9.15 |
SLAA | 3.48 | 4.09 |
椰油酰胺MEA | 2.18 | 2.57 |
油菜籽油 | 15.00 | 0 |
Jaguar C-17 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
NH4Cl | 3.26 | 3.84 |
柠檬酸(50%溶液) | 1.44 | 1.70 |
合计 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
采用以上针对例B3和B6的组合物所述的方法来测定某些组合物的屈服强度。例C1的组合物的屈服强度为5.556Pa,并且例C2的组合物的屈服强度为4.43Pa。
Claims (13)
1.一种结构化表面活性剂组合物,其包含:相对于100重量份的所述组合物而言,
(i)占0.5重量份到10重量份的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,该烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(I)的化合物:
其中:
R1是C8-C18烷基,
m为2或3,
n为1到5的整数,且
X+是阳离子,
(ii)占1.5重量份到12重量份的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,该烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(II)的化合物:
其中:
R2是C8-C18烷基,且
X+是阳离子,
(iii)占0.5重量份到6重量份的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,该烷醇酰胺表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(III)的化合物:
其中:
R3是饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的C5-C24脂族基团,
R4和R5是相同或不同的直链或支链的C2-C4脂族基团,
x为0到10的整数,y为1到10的整数,且x与y之和小于等于10,
(iv)占0到10重量份的两性表面活性剂,该两性表面活性剂包含选自符合结构(IV)和(V)的化合物中的一种或多种化合物:
其中:
R6是C1-C18脂族基团,p是2或3,
R7是C1-C18脂族基团,p′是2或3,且
各X+独立地为阳离子,
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占所述组合物的大于等于5重量份,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的结构化表面活性剂组合物,和
(vi)水,
其中所述组合物不含聚合物成分。
2.权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物是个人护理组合物。
3.权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物还含有个人护理用有益试剂。
4.权利要求3所述的组合物,其中所述有益试剂包含油、润肤剂、增湿剂、湿润剂、调理剂、维生素、研磨剂、UV吸收剂、抗微生物剂、抗头皮屑剂、香料和外观调节用添加剂中的一种或多种。
5.权利要求4所述的组合物,其中所述有益试剂包含湿润剂。
6.权利要求5所述的组合物,其中所述组合物还包含一种或多种油。
7.权利要求1所述的组合物,其中组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占所述组合物的大于等于10重量份。
8.权利要求1所述的组合物,其中组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量占所述组合物的大于等于15重量份。
9.一种组合物,其包含:各自相对于100重量份的所述组合物而言,
(a)占50重量份到99重量份的水性结构化表面活性剂相,所述结构化表面活性剂相包含:
(i)占0.5重量份到10重量份的烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂,该烷基醚硫酸盐表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(I)的化合物:
其中:
R1是C8-C18烷基,
m为2或3,
n为1到5的整数,且
X+是阳离子,
(ii)占1.5重量份到12重量份的烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂,该烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(II)的化合物:
其中:
R2是C8-C18烷基,且
X+是阳离子,
(iii)占0.5重量份到6重量份的烷醇酰胺表面活性剂,该烷醇酰胺表面活性剂包含一种或多种符合结构(III)的化合物:
其中:
R3是饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的C5-C24脂族基团,
R4和R5是相同或不同的直链或支链的C2-C4脂族基团,
x为0到10的整数,y为1到10的整数,且x与y之和小于等于10,
(iv)占0到10重量份的两性表面活性剂,该两性表面活性剂包含选自符合结构(IV)和(V)的化合物中的一种或多种化合物:
其中:
R6是C1-C18脂族基团,p是2或3,
R7是C1-C18脂族基团,p′是2或3,且
各X+独立地为阳离子,
条件是组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)的总量大于等于5重量份,
(v)有效量的电解质,其与组分(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)组合在一起能够有效地提供具有不透明的视觉外观、并且屈服强度大于0帕斯卡的水性结构化表面活性剂相,和
(vi)水;
以及
(b)占1重量份到50重量份的不连续的非水溶性或部分水溶性相,其分散在所述水性结构化表面活性剂相中,其中所述组合物不含聚合物成分。
10.权利要求9所述的组合物,其中所述非水溶性或部分水溶性相包含油。
11.权利要求10所述的组合物,其中所述非水溶性或部分水溶性相包含植物油、矿物油和硅油中的一种或多种。
12.权利要求11所述的组合物,其中所述非水溶性或部分水溶性相包含一种或多种植物油,所述植物油选自:花生油、蓖麻油、可可油、椰子油、玉米油、棉花籽油、橄榄油、棕榈仁油、油菜籽油、向日葵油、红花籽油、芝麻油、大豆油、牛油果油、鳄梨油、米糠油、霍霍巴油、葡萄籽油、甜杏仁油、芥花籽油、杏仁油、胡桃油和小麦胚芽油。
13.权利要求11所述的组合物,其中所述非水溶性或部分水溶性相包含矿脂。
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- 2008-03-21 US US12/077,834 patent/US8828364B2/en active Active
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CN1658824A (zh) * | 2002-06-04 | 2005-08-24 | 宝洁公司 | 包含精选阳离子调理聚合物的调理洗发剂组合物 |
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KR20090125105A (ko) | 2009-12-03 |
EP2136768A4 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
US8828364B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
CN101641076A (zh) | 2010-02-03 |
WO2008118381A1 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
US20080233061A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
BRPI0809314A2 (pt) | 2014-10-14 |
CA2681998A1 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
KR20150056867A (ko) | 2015-05-27 |
EP2136768A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
JP5536462B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
EP2136768B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
JP2010522260A (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
RU2493819C2 (ru) | 2013-09-27 |
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