CN101637789A - Resistance heat tension straightening device and straightening method thereof - Google Patents

Resistance heat tension straightening device and straightening method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101637789A
CN101637789A CN200910023612A CN200910023612A CN101637789A CN 101637789 A CN101637789 A CN 101637789A CN 200910023612 A CN200910023612 A CN 200910023612A CN 200910023612 A CN200910023612 A CN 200910023612A CN 101637789 A CN101637789 A CN 101637789A
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bar
counterweight
straightening
support
limit switch
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CN101637789B (en
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吕尚宁
李建康
张科全
张高潮
吉毅松
杨恩纯
焦立志
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Xi'an Aerospace New Material Co Ltd
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Xi'an Aerospace New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a resistance heat tension straightening device and a straightening method thereof. A fixed pulley is arranged at the center of the top end of a support (6); and a cylinder (5)is fixed on the lower surface of a beam of the support. One end of a steel wire of the fixed pulley is fixed on the beam of the support (6), and the other end of the steel wire of the fixed pulley isfixedly connected with a connecting ring of an upper clamping head (4). Two ends of a titanium alloy bar are respectively clamped in the upper clamping head (4) and a lower clamping head (3); and a balance weight (2) is hung below the lower clamping head (3). Output terminals of a power supply (1) are communicated with two ends of the bar by wires respectively. The weight of the balance weight andthe tension straightening length of the bar are obtained by calculation. The bar triggers a limit switch when reaching a preset tension straightening length, the power supply is disconnected, and straightening is stopped. The resistance heat tension straightening device is characterized by high straightening precision, simple device structure and operation method, low surface oxidization of short-term heated materials, and small residual stress inside the materials after hot straightening, and is applicable to metallic materials with higher resistivity.

Description

A kind of resistance heat tension straightening device and method for aligning
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the hot-working field, specifically is a kind of resistance heat tension straightening device and method for aligning.
Two, background technology
The aligning of metal bar adopts methods such as gag press straightening, cross roll aligning and tension straingtening usually.
By gag straightener aligning metal bar is the simplest method for aligning, this method is that the bar that will have original curved carries out back-flexing with pressure head between two moving fulcrums of workbench, reach aligning, this method not only flattening precision is not high, and in the aligning process, needing continuous detection, efficient is very low.
The cross roll aligning comprises that two rollers and multiple roll aligning, this method are the most popular method of metal bar aligning, its principle is after metal bar passes through roll gap, change bending curvature and realize the purpose of aligning, its flattening precision and production efficiency are all than higher, having major defect is the equipment complexity, and production cost is higher, and product produces bigger internal stress in the aligning process simultaneously, after long-time placement of product or the Surface Machining, internal stress changes and causes that linearity descends.
The tension straingtening method is by metal bar being applied the tensile stress above material yield intensity, make metal bar produce inner plastic deformation, reaching aligning.The straightener that is adopted is that the two ends of metal bar are fixed by chuck, with hydraulic jack metal bar is applied pulling force, to reach the purpose of tension straingtening.Traditional tension straingtening major defect is a room temperature aligning Strength of Metallic Materials height, need apply big tensile force, increase equipment tonnage, be difficult to once aligning for the high metal material of reinforcing property simultaneously, also occur the problem that ruptures in the aligning process for the lower material of plasticity easily.
Three, summary of the invention
For overcome exist in the prior art or inefficiency, perhaps production cost is higher and descend because of the variation of internal stress causes linearity, perhaps need to apply big tensile force, be prone to the deficiency of fracture, the present invention proposes a kind of resistance heat tension straightening device and method for aligning.
The present invention includes power supply, counterweight counterweight, lower chuck, upper grip, cylinder, support and limit switch.Wherein, lower chuck and upper grip all adopt the scroll chuck that lathe is used; The outer surface center of trying to get to the heart of a matter at lower chuck and upper grip all is equipped with connecting ring.
Fixed pulley is installed in the cantilever tip center; Cylinder is fixed on the lower surface of rack beam.One end of fixed pulley steel wire is fixed on the crossbeam of support, and the other end of fixed pulley steel wire is fixedlyed connected with the connecting ring of upper grip.Clamping is distinguished in upper grip and lower chuck in the two ends of titanium alloy rod bar; The counterweight counterweight is suspended on the below of lower chuck.The output of power supply is communicated with the two ends of bar by lead respectively.Limit switch is installed in the vertical rod of support, and its particular location is determined according to the elongation in the bar aligning process.
The invention allows for a kind of method that is used for the bar aligning, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, estimation counterweight counterweight weight and bar tensile elongation; The weight of counterweight counterweight is estimated by following formula (1):
G＝σ TS×A (1)
G is a Weight gravity in the formula, and A is the cross-sectional area of bar, σ TSBe the intensity of bar 1000～1100 ℃ the time,, determine σ according to the mechanical property of bar 800～1200 ℃ the time TSIntensity in the time of 1000～1100 ℃; Calculate Weight gravity according to formula (1), obtain counterweight weight divided by 9.8;
Tensile elongation is calculated by following formula (2):
L＝L 1+L 2＝αΔTL 0+L 0(1+0.01) (2)
L is a thermal straightening product total length in the formula, L 1The elongation of the material that causes for thermal expansion, L 2The length of material that causes for stretching changes L 0Be the original length of material, α is a material thermal expansion coefficient, and Δ T is a straightening temperature; Straightening temperature is 1000～1100 ℃.
Step 2, the clamping bar; Between last lower chuck, two ends connect power positive cathode with the bar clamping,
Step 3 is installed counterweight counterweight and limit switch; Lower chuck connects loading counterweight counterweight, starts cylinder, regulates the upper grip position, according to formula (2) result of calculation limit switch is installed.
Step 4, the bar aligning; Start power supply and begin heating, in the time of near being heated to phase point temperature, bar begins to stretch; When bar was stretched to predetermined length, lower chuck triggered limit switch, and outage stops heating.
Step 5 naturally cools to room temperature, discharging.
When use was of the present invention, between last lower chuck, two ends connected power positive cathode with metal vertical bar material clamping, and lower chuck connects loading counterweight counterweight, starts cylinder, and limit switch is installed according to the tensile elongation of calculating in adjusting upper grip position.After being ready to, starting power supply and begin heating, along with temperature raises, product is elongated, and elongates to certain size, triggers limit switch, stops heating.After naturally cooling to room temperature, discharging.
Because the present invention installs limit switch according to the tensile elongation of calculating, and, realized in the aligning process, need not to consider factors such as heat time heating time, pulling force size, straightening temperature, aligning extended length by limit switch control power supply, simple to operate.By high-power low-voltage and high-current power supply heating, the strength of materials reduces, and the thermal straightening precision is higher, and aligning back material internal does not have hot residual stress, and flattening precision is stable, does not rebound.The present invention is mainly used in the aligning of the identical wire of cross-sectional area, rod, section bar, is particularly suitable for the higher metal material of resistivity, as titanium, niobium, stainless steel and high-speed steel, and room temperature strength height, metal material that plasticity is lower.It is characterized in that flattening precision height, device structure and method of operating are simple, the heating material surface oxidation is few in short-term, and material internal residual stress is little after the thermal straightening.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.Wherein,
1. power supply 2. counterweight counterweights 3. lower chucks 4. upper grips 5. cylinders 6. supports
7. limit switch 8. fixed pulleys
Five, the specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Present embodiment is a kind of straightener of titanium alloy rod bar, and the material of being aligned is the TC4 titanium alloy.The length of aligning sample is 3m, and diameter is Φ 10mm, cuts processing for hot rolling system corase grind before the aligning.
Present embodiment comprises power supply 1, counterweight counterweight 2, lower chuck 3, upper grip 4, cylinder 5, support 6, limit switch 7 and fixed pulley 8.Wherein, lower chuck 3 and upper grip 4 scroll chuck that all adopts lathe to use; The outer surface center of trying to get to the heart of a matter at lower chuck 3 and upper grip 4 all is equipped with connecting ring.It is the low-voltage adjustable power power supply of 25KW that power supply 1 adopts peak power; Cylinder 5 all adopts finished parts with limit switch 7.
Support 6 is a member structure, adopts the angle steel assembly welding to form, and fixes on the ground; At the middle part of support 6 fixing crossbeam is arranged.In center, support 6 top fixed pulley 8 is installed; Cylinder 5 is fixed on the lower surface of support 6 crossbeams.Steel wire one end of fixed pulley 8 is fixed on the crossbeam of support 6, and the steel wire other end of fixed pulley 8 is fixedlyed connected with the connecting ring of upper grip 4.Clamping is distinguished in upper grip 4 and lower chuck 3 in the two ends of titanium alloy rod bar; Counterweight counterweight 2 is suspended on the below of lower chuck 3.The output of power supply is communicated with the two ends of bar by lead respectively.Limit switch 7 is installed in the vertical rod of support 6, and its particular location is determined according to the elongation in the bar aligning process.
Present embodiment has also proposed a kind of method that is used for the titanium alloy rod bar aligning, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, estimation counterweight counterweight weight and bar tensile elongation; Counterweight counterweight weight is estimated by following formula (1):
G＝σ TS?×A (1)
G is a Weight gravity in the formula, and A is the cross-sectional area of bar, σ TSIntensity during for 1000 ℃ of TC4 materials according to the mechanical behavior under high temperature of TC4 material, is determined σ TSIn the time of 1000 ℃, be 25MPa; Calculate Weight gravity, obtain counterweight weight 235Kg divided by 9.8;
Tensile elongation is calculated by following formula (2):
L＝L 1+L 2＝αΔTL 0+L 0(1+0.01) (2)
L is a thermal straightening product total length in the formula, L 1The elongation of the material that causes for thermal expansion, L 2The length of material that causes for stretching changes L 0Be the original length 3m of material, α is a material thermal expansion coefficient, is 10 * 10 -6/ ℃, Δ T is 1000 ℃ of straightening temperatures.
In the present embodiment, counterweight counterweight weight estimation is 235Kg, in the aligning process the result of calculation of long elongation be 59.5mm, determine limit-switch positions; The position of limit switch is positioned at the 59.5mm place, bottom surface apart from lower chuck.
Step 2, the clamping bar; Metal vertical bar material clamping is between last lower chuck, and two ends connect power positive cathode,
Step 3 is installed counterweight counterweight and limit switch; Lower chuck connects loading counterweight counterweight, starts cylinder, regulates the upper grip position, according to formula (2) result of calculation limit switch is installed.
Step 4, the bar aligning; Start power supply and begin heating, in the time of near being heated to phase point temperature, bar begins to stretch; When bar was stretched to predetermined length, lower chuck triggered limit switch, and outage stops heating.
Step 5 naturally cools to room temperature, discharging.
In the aligning back TC4 bar linearity 1 ‰, diameter of rod reduces about 0.05mm approximately after testing.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment is the device that is used for the molybdenum bar thermal straightening, and the material of being aligned is the pure molybdenum bar of Mo1.The length of aligning sample is 3m, and diameter is Φ 6mm, is the hot pull converted products before the aligning.
Present embodiment comprises power supply 1, counterweight counterweight 2, lower chuck 3, upper grip 4, cylinder 5, support 6, limit switch 7 and fixed pulley 8.Wherein, lower chuck 3 and upper grip 4 scroll chuck that all adopts lathe to use; The outer surface center of trying to get to the heart of a matter at lower chuck 3 and upper grip 4 all is equipped with connecting ring.It is the low-voltage adjustable power power supply of 25KW that power supply 1 adopts peak power; Cylinder 5 all adopts finished parts with limit switch 7.
Support 6 is a member structure, adopts the angle steel assembly welding to form, and fixes on the ground; At the middle part of support 6 fixing crossbeam is arranged.In center, support 6 top fixed pulley 8 is installed; Cylinder 5 is fixed on the lower surface of support 6 crossbeams.Steel wire one end of fixed pulley 8 is fixed on the crossbeam of support 6, and the steel wire other end of fixed pulley 8 is fixedlyed connected with the connecting ring of upper grip 4.Clamping is distinguished in upper grip 4 and lower chuck 3 in the two ends of titanium alloy rod bar; Counterweight counterweight 2 is suspended on the below of lower chuck 3.The output of power supply is communicated with the two ends of bar by lead respectively.Limit switch 7 is installed in the vertical rod of support 6, and its particular location is determined according to the elongation in the bar aligning process.
Present embodiment has also proposed a kind of method that is used for the thermal straightening molybdenum bar, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, estimation counterweight counterweight weight and bar tensile elongation; Counterweight counterweight weight is estimated by following formula (1):
G＝σ TS×A (1)
G is a Weight gravity in the formula, and A is the cross-sectional area of bar, σ TSBe the yield strength 100MPa of Mo1 material 1000 ℃ the time; Calculating counterweight weight is 290Kg;
Tensile elongation is calculated by following formula (2):
L＝L 1+L 2＝αΔTL 0+L 0(1+0.01) (2)
L is a thermal straightening product total length in the formula, L 1The elongation of the material that causes for thermal expansion, L 2Be the length of material under the tensile load effect, L 0Be the original length of material, α is a material thermal expansion coefficient 6 * 10 -6/ ℃, Δ T is 1000 ℃ of thermal straightening temperature.
In the present embodiment, counterweight counterweight weight estimation is 290Kg, in the aligning process the result of calculation of long elongation be 48mm, determine limit-switch positions; The position of limit switch is positioned at the 48mm place, bottom surface apart from lower chuck.
Step 2, the clamping bar; Mo1 bar clamping is between last lower chuck, and two ends connect power positive cathode;
Step 3 is installed counterweight counterweight and limit switch; Lower chuck connects loading counterweight counterweight, starts cylinder, regulates the upper grip position, according to formula (2) result of calculation limit switch is installed.
Step 4, the bar aligning: start power supply and begin heating, when being heated to 1000 ℃ of left and right sides, bar begins to stretch; When bar was stretched to predetermined length, lower chuck triggered limit switch, and outage stops heating.
Step 5 naturally cools to room temperature, discharging.
Aligning back Mo1 bar linearity is in 1 ‰ after testing, and diameter of rod reduces about 0.03mm approximately.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment is used for a kind of stainless steel bars thermal straightening device, and material is 1Cr18Ni9, length 2.5m, diameter of phi 20mm.The materials processing state is rolling after be not in the mood for pickpocket on a bus or train's skin, the surface-brightening state, and the diameter degree is 1%.For further correct grinding processing, obtain the bar of accuracy class h7, must align bar, its linearity is controlled in 1 ‰.
Present embodiment comprises power supply 1, counterweight counterweight 2, lower chuck 3, upper grip 4, cylinder 5, support 6, limit switch 7 and fixed pulley 8.Wherein, lower chuck 3 and upper grip 4 scroll chuck that all adopts lathe to use; The outer surface center of trying to get to the heart of a matter at lower chuck 3 and upper grip 4 all is equipped with connecting ring.It is the low-voltage adjustable power power supply of 25KW that power supply 1 adopts peak power; Cylinder 5 all adopts finished parts with limit switch 7.
Support 6 is a member structure, adopts the angle steel assembly welding to form, and fixes on the ground; At the middle part of support 6 fixing crossbeam is arranged.In center, support 6 top fixed pulley 8 is installed; Cylinder 5 is fixed on the lower surface of support 6 crossbeams.Steel wire one end of fixed pulley 8 is fixed on the crossbeam of support 6, and the steel wire other end of fixed pulley 8 is fixedlyed connected with the connecting ring of upper grip 4.Clamping is distinguished in upper grip 4 and lower chuck 3 in the two ends of titanium alloy rod bar; Counterweight counterweight 2 is suspended on the below of lower chuck 3.The output of power supply is communicated with the two ends of bar by lead respectively.Limit switch 7 is installed in the vertical rod of support 6, and its particular location is determined according to the elongation in the bar aligning process.
Present embodiment has also proposed the method that a kind of elevated temperature heat is rectified stainless steel bar, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is calculated counterweight counterweight weight and bar tensile elongation; Counterweight counterweight weight is calculated by following formula (1):
G＝σ TS×A (1)
G is a Weight gravity in the formula, and A is the cross-sectional area of bar, σ TSFor the yield strength of stainless steel intensity 1100 ℃ the time, be 15MPa, calculating counterweight weight is 480Kg;
Tensile elongation is calculated by following formula (2):
L＝L 1+L 2＝αΔTL 0+L 0(1+0.01) (2)
L is a thermal straightening product total length in the formula, L 1The elongation of the material that causes for thermal expansion, L 2Be the length of bar under the tensile load effect, L 0Be the original length of material, α is the material thermal expansion coefficient 18.6 * 10 of 1Cr18Ni9 -6/ ℃, be 1100 ℃ of thermal straightening temperature.
In the present embodiment, counterweight counterweight weight is calculated as 480Kg, in the aligning process the result of calculation of long elongation be 76.5mm, determine limit-switch positions; The position of limit switch is positioned at the 76.5mm place, bottom surface apart from lower chuck.
Step 2, the clamping bar; Metal vertical bar material clamping is between last lower chuck, and two ends connect power positive cathode,
Step 3 is installed counterweight counterweight and limit switch; Lower chuck connects loading counterweight counterweight, starts cylinder, regulates the upper grip position, according to formula (2) result of calculation limit switch is installed.
Step 4, the bar aligning; Start power supply and begin heating, in the time of near being heated to phase point temperature, bar begins to stretch; When bar was stretched to predetermined length, lower chuck triggered limit switch, and outage stops heating.
Step 5 naturally cools to room temperature, discharging.
In the aligning back 1Cr18Ni9 bar linearity 1 ‰, produce a desired effect after testing, diameter of rod reduces about 0.1mm approximately.

Claims (3)

1. a resistance heat tension straightening device comprises a pair of chuck and support, it is characterized in that described resistance heat tension straightening device also comprises power supply (1), cylinder (5), fixed pulley (8), counterweight counterweight (2) and limit switch (7); Fixed pulley (8) is installed in support (6) center, top; Cylinder 5 is fixed on the lower surface of support 6 crossbeams; One end of fixed pulley (8) steel wire is fixed on the crossbeam of support (6), and the other end of fixed pulley (8) steel wire is fixedlyed connected with the connecting ring of upper grip (4); Clamping is distinguished in upper grip (4) and lower chuck (3) in the two ends of workpiece; Counterweight counterweight (2) is suspended on the below of lower chuck (3); The output of power supply (1) is communicated with the two ends of bar by lead respectively; Limit switch (7) is installed in the vertical rod of support (6), and its particular location is determined according to the elongation in the bar aligning process.
2. a kind of according to claim 1 resistance heat tension straightening device is characterized in that the scroll chuck that described upper grip (4) and lower chuck (3) all adopt lathe to use, and in the outer surface center of trying to get to the heart of a matter connecting ring is arranged all.
3. method of using the described resistance heat tension straightening device of claim 1 is characterized in that described method for aligning may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, estimation counterweight counterweight (2) weight and bar tensile elongation; The weight of counterweight counterweight (2) is estimated by following formula (1):
G＝σ TS×A (1)
G is a Weight gravity in the formula, and A is the cross-sectional area of bar, σ TSBe the intensity of bar 1000～1100 ℃ the time,, determine σ according to the mechanical property of bar 800～1200 ℃ the time TSIntensity in the time of 1000～1100 ℃; Calculate Weight gravity according to formula (1), obtain counterweight weight divided by 9.8;
Tensile elongation is calculated by following formula (2):
L＝L 1+L 2＝αΔTL 0+L 0(1+0.01) (2)
L is a thermal straightening product total length in the formula, L 1The elongation of the material that causes for thermal expansion, L 2The length of material that causes for stretching changes L 0Be the original length of material, α is a material thermal expansion coefficient, and Δ T is a straightening temperature; Straightening temperature is 1000～1100 ℃;
Step 2, the clamping bar; The bar clamping is between upper grip (4) and lower chuck (3); The bar two ends are connected with negative pole with the positive pole of power supply (1) respectively;
Step 3 is installed counterweight counterweight (2) and limit switch (7); Lower chuck (3) connects loading counterweight counterweight (2), starts cylinder (5), regulates the position of upper grip (4), according to the tensile elongation result who calculates limit switch (7) is installed;
Step 4, the bar aligning; Start power supply (1) and begin heating, in the time of near being heated to phase point temperature, bar begins to stretch; When bar was stretched to predetermined length, lower chuck (3) triggered limit switch (7), and outage stops heating;
Step 5 naturally cools to room temperature, discharging.
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