CN101636625B - Refrigerator and method of refrigeration - Google Patents

Abstract

Supercooling refrigeration being a method of enhancing the quality of food frozen other than the quick freezing method is realized by simple construction, and there are provided a refrigerator and method of refrigeration capable of realizing high-quality freezing by simple construction. The refrigerator is one capable of food storage utilizing cold air generated by cooler (3), comprising supercooling case (81) adapted to hold stored food in a supercooling state such that freezing does not occur even at its freezing point or lower temperature for at least a given period of time. The supercooling case (81) consists of, for example, the downside case of up-and-down two stage case disposed in switching chamber (200) capable of switching to multiple temperature zones.

Description

Refrigerator and freezing and storing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to use overcooled freezing preservation technology, is about utilizing the invention of this technological refrigerator (being also referred to as deep freezer) and freezing and storing method.

Background technology

The situation of when thawing the food that is frozen, comparing deterioration with the fresh food that does not freeze is for well-known.Under freezing usually situation, set-18 ℃ space for as if putting into the food of normal temperature, then this food temperature is cooled to the temperature identical with the space through certain regular hour.Afterwards, freeze with next at the chill point of food as if this temperature.When in low temperature environment, taking in this food, slowly be cooled, finally reach environment temperature up to core from the surface.At this moment,, begin the phenomenon freezed earlier, enlarge on the moisture limit of frozen state because separate out food inside, so form big acicular crystal towards core on the ice crystal limit that food surface forms so produce the surface because the temperature on surface descends earlier.Because big acicular crystal is destroyed the original structures of food such as meat or fish, institute is so that the state that the shape of food when thawing is got back to before freezing is very difficult.

Almost in all food, when freezing, how to do and make little ice crystal or can't help ice crystal and destroy the original structure of food, can say so to improve and freeze method for quality.In addition, to the needs of nearest domestic refrigerator, concentrate on by the change of dietetic life, life style " freezing " or " freezing preservation ".And then the refrigerator of professional usefulness etc. also is same.The variation of frozen food, utilization increase, the tendency that exists the refrigerating chamber usage frequency to uprise such as making, food deposit in advance, requires high capacity.And on the other hand, the requirement of food quality is also improved, the quantity of skill that improves the quality of freezing preservation food also becomes many.

As being used to solve such problem, realizing the freezing representative art of high-quality, known have an IQF.That is, the representative art of high-quality Refrigeration Technique is IQF.Juice stream output when method commonly used has meat etc. to thaw in the quality evaluation of IQF relatively.About institutes such as the generation position of the ice crystal of juice stream output during, size by food freezing.Cell was destroyed when ice crystal was big, and the juice stream output increases when thawing, and quality reduces.In addition, ice crystal hour is kept the shape of cell, and the juice stream output when thawing tails off, and the taste of food will be held.

Juice stream output as the food of IQF is few, promptly in the inner reason that generates little ice crystal of food, can enumerate fast through-1 ℃～-5 ℃ temperature band as maximum ice crystallization generating zone.Shorten the time that is positioned at this temperature band of ice crystal growth progress as far as possible and will suppress to generate big ice crystal.Therefore, IQF can be described as and is used to be suppressed at the inner a kind of method that generates big ice crystal of food.

Has such product in the prior art; Promptly; Be arranged on the cold air path that the IQF of metallic plate container is arranged on the bottom surface and on the IQF container, discharge the cold air be used to cool off the food in the IQF container above the opening; IQF container etc. is set in the IQF chamber, implements the IQF (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) in the refrigerator.

But, some problems are arranged in IQF.At first, for ice crystal, though the tendency that diminishes is arranged in IQF, may not mention the food central part all really is little ice crystal.When the food that freezes arrives certain left and right sides greatly,, descend fully, also can think to retain, generate big ice crystal or pipkrake crystallization at maximum ice crystallization generating zone in the central part temperature though consider that directly the quick cooling in surface of contact cold air forms little ice crystal.Then, when IQF,, need big energy, for energy-conservation, can be described as and run in the opposite direction in order to blow out utmost point cold gas.In addition,, high performance huge compressor etc. must be set, also think the shortcoming on the cost in order to produce utmost point cold gas.

As the new high-quality Refrigeration Technique of the problem that can avoid such IQF, can enumerate the freezing technology of supercooling.So-called supercooling is freezing is meant, under specific cooling condition during cooling food, even form the state that this food of temperature below chill point does not also freeze.When under such supercooling state, preserving food, has the advantage that to avoid by the chilling injuries such as damage of the protein denaturation of freezing to cause, cell tissue.In addition; Also reported when the food of supercooling state is given with force to stimulate, the quick freezing situation of food when removing the supercooling state, and the frozen state that obtains is like this compared cell tissue with the existing quick freezing method of having passed through the supercooling state damage less, the minimum situation (for example with reference to patent documentation 2) of deterioration.Through the food of supercooling state freezing, generating equably on the whole at food is not needle-like but granular thin ice crystal, so the damage of cell tissue tails off.

In existing supercooling is freezing; Such method is arranged; That is, the method that near compare the quick cooling processing of cooling apace the apparent freezing point (chill point) of (vegetables, fruit, meat, fish etc.), then below apparent freezing point, all cool off with 0.01 ℃～0.5 ℃/hour slow cooling velocity slow cooling handles such as be utilized in from normal temperature to food and form supercooling state (for example with reference to patent documentation 3).In addition, narrated in the inner space of deep freezer the electromagnetic wave that produces the assigned frequency that magnetostatic field confirms according to the magnetic field intensity of magnetostatic field the object illumination that is arranged in this magnetostatic field continuously or off and on simultaneously, make that the freezing temperature of moisture descends, method (for example with reference to patent documentation 4) below being set as usually to freezing temperature with the hydrogen nuclei generation nuclear magnetic resonance that constitutes the hydrone that is included in this object.

Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2005-83687 communique (the 6th～17 page, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)

Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2003-180314 communique (the 0012nd hurdle)

Patent documentation 3: japanese kokai publication hei 8-252082 communique (claim 1, the 0015th hurdle)

Patent documentation 4: TOHKEMY 2000-325062 communique (claim 1, the 0014th hurdle)

In existing technology, the cooling velocity when forming the supercooling state is slow, when the supercooling state is long, might cause food quality to descend by oxidation or bacterial reproduction etc.In addition; Because the supercooling state is unsettled; So the minimum point of arrival temperature under the supercooling state arrives deeply (low) supercooling before and is disengaged easily, if when the words of minimum point of arrival temperature shallow (height) are disengaged because the ice-nucleus that forms is few; Can not form good freezing of freezing quality, have such problem.

In addition;, home-use refrigerator etc., several foods carry out supercooling in mixing the refrigerator of preservation simultaneously when freezing; From supercooling to freezing too spended time; The environment that then exists freezing food to be placed on for a long time to carry out slow freezing, be in the high environment of holding temperature, bring the problem of influence for the quality of such frozen food.

And then, then transfer to the method for slow cooling as near IQF before apparent freezing point, in the deep freezer that the different food of apparent freezing point mixes, also there is the problem that is very difficult to set only branchpoint.

In addition; In above-mentioned patent documentation 2, put down in writing such method; Promptly; In container, take in no free space and the state of sealed food under, the operation through associating and cooling off with the cooling velocity that surpasses-0.5 ℃/h and-5.0 ℃/h below to the temperature below the chill point than the high temperature of chill point makes this food (water, milk product, strawberry) become the supercooling state.With such method, can form the supercooling state with the cooling velocity faster, but produce the trouble that is used for sealed food than prior art.In addition, there is the problem that is difficult to seal all food that in deep freezer, to preserve.

In addition; To being positioned at the object of magnetostatic field, shine the electromagnetic wave of the assigned frequency of confirming according to the magnetic field intensity of magnetostatic field continuously or off and on, feasible and formation is included in the hydrogen nuclei generation nuclear magnetic resonance of the hydrone in this object; The freezing temperature of moisture is descended; Make below freezing temperature becomes usually, forms the result that the supercooling state causes the large-scale plant that needs complicacy, weakened the practicality of relative food by this method.For example, even also excessive for the cold storage warehouse scale of business usefulness, installation cost is too high, moreover is arranged under the situation in the domestic refrigerator having considered, thinks very difficult practicability.And then, also noticeable for the Health cost that causes by electromagnetic wave in recent years, exist in be applicable to as home-use, professional with and the problem that also must give one's full attention to the influence of human body during the device of the refrigerator of circulation usefulness that works simple switch.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is for the problem that solves above-mentioned that kind proposes, and the quality that the objective of the invention is to not damaged food can be freezed with few energy, promptly can be realized freezing refrigerator and the freezing and storing method of high-quality with simple formation.

In addition, the objective of the invention is to obtain not can be by in existing freezing method, freeze quickly to realize that high-quality is freezing, can bring into play the refrigerator and the freezing and storing method of advantage aspect energy saving and the high-quality freezing two with simply constituting of the chilling temperature cooling higher than prior art as the utmost point cold gas of general knowledge.

Refrigerator of the present invention has refrigerating chamber or cooling chamber, cold air guiding mechanism and control device; This refrigerating chamber or cooling chamber are configured in the refrigerator body, take in by from food such as the cold air fish of cooler, meat, vegetables, fruits, are provided with the temperature set mechanism that temperature from 0 ℃ to the cryogenic temperature band is adjusted temperature serially or by stages; Said cold air guiding mechanism makes the cold air that blows out, is sucked into said cooler in said refrigerating chamber or in the said cooling chamber in said refrigerating chamber or said cooling indoor circulation; Even keeping said refrigerating chamber or said cooling chamber, the temperature that this control device is set by said temperature set mechanism and the cold air direction of said cold air guiding mechanism adjustment and air conditioning quantity become the supercooling state that the temperature of food below chill point that be housed in said refrigerating chamber or the said cooling chamber also do not freeze; Said control device is adjusted reducing temperature from the temperature range of chill point about to-15 ℃ by said temperature set mechanism simultaneously, becomes the supercooling state so that keep said food.

The refrigerator that freezing and storing method of the present invention was suitable for has refrigerating chamber or cooling chamber and cold air guiding mechanism; This refrigerating chamber or cooling chamber are by the supercooling state of taking in from the cold air handle of cooler that food maintains below the chill point and the design temperature more than-15 ℃ does not freeze, and this cold air guiding mechanism changes to be arranged in said refrigerating chamber or in the said cooling chamber, in said refrigerating chamber or the temperature of the cold air of said cooling indoor circulation; Freezing and storing method of the present invention has: be accommodated in the said refrigerating chamber that is set at more than 15 ℃ or the step of said cooling chamber to said food; With said cold air guiding mechanism in the said refrigerating chamber or the temperature in the said cooling chamber is adjusted into below-5 ℃ and more than-10 ℃ or in the said refrigerating chamber or the wind speed in the said cooling chamber be adjusted into the step below the 0.5m/s, directly supply with the step of the supercooling state of the cold air of the temperature lower, the said food of releasing to being accommodated in said food that said refrigerating chamber or said cooling chamber be in the supercooling state than said design temperature.

Refrigerator of the present invention as the high-quality freezing function owing to be not existing IQF; But adopt the supercooling freezing function with simple structure, can realize that high-quality is freezing, promptly realize energy-conservation freezing effect as the earth environment countermeasure so have with the energy that lacks than prior art.In addition; Refrigerator of the present invention is used to take place the temperature controlled cooling construction that imports cold air in the overcooled space, carry out repeatedly changing chilling temperature through being employed in, and having can use with prior art does not have the structure of the big refrigerator that changes, the freezing effect of supercooling that control realizes food such as edible meat.

Freezing and storing method of the present invention can be formed under the such situation of vehicle with refrigerator of freezing vehicle, arrive in the way before or where necessary, to sending to the place various business systems such as the measured freezing preservation food of matter are provided with few energy with spended time in transit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is illustrated in not have supercooling (a) and the curve map of supercooling (b), the variations in temperature when water freezes is arranged.

Fig. 2 be expression through common quick freezing and supercooling freeze, when freezing meat and the figure of the state of the meat tissue when thawing the meat that was once freezing.

Fig. 3 is the side sectional view of the refrigerator of embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the side sectional view that the wind path of the refrigerator of expression embodiment of the present invention constitutes.

Fig. 5 is the peripheral side sectional view in switching chamber of the refrigerator of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the structural map of the supercooling box of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the structural map of the another kind of supercooling box of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the structural map of the another kind of supercooling box of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the time flow chart that example is controlled in the supercooling of the refrigerator of expression embodiment 1.

Figure 10 is the flow chart of example of supercooling control of the refrigerator of expression embodiment 1.

Figure 11 is the peripheral side sectional view in switching chamber of the refrigerator of embodiment 1.

Figure 12 is the peripheral side sectional view in switching chamber of the refrigerator of embodiment 1.

Figure 13 is the peripheral side sectional view in switching chamber of the refrigerator of embodiment 1.

Figure 14 is the vertical view of passage of the switching chamber end face of embodiment 1.

Figure 15 is the structural map of the supercooling box of embodiment 1.

Figure 16 is the peripheral side sectional view in switching chamber of the refrigerator of embodiment 1.

Figure 17 is the peripheral side sectional view in switching chamber of the refrigerator of embodiment 1.

Figure 18 is the structural map of the supercooling box of embodiment 1.

Figure 19 is the ideograph that the cold air of expression embodiment 1 flows to the supercooling box.

Figure 20 is the time flow chart that example is controlled in the supercooling of the refrigerator of expression embodiment 1.

Figure 21 is the flow chart of example of supercooling control of the refrigerator of expression embodiment 1.

Figure 22 is the cutaway view when the indoor formula that the sets up box with cover that is provided with that supercooling uses of the switching of the refrigerator of Fig. 3.

Figure 23 is the figure that is illustrated in the situation that the supercooling box is set in the ConvertBox.

Figure 24 is a cooling velocity and at the graph of a relation of the size of the inner ice crystal that forms of food.

Figure 25 is the figure of display floater of the refrigerator of expression embodiment 1.

Description of reference numerals

1 refrigerator; 2 fans; 3 coolers; 4 wind paths; 5 liquid crystal operation panels; 6 refrigerating chambers are with returning the road; 7 vegetable compartment are with returning the road; 10 compressors; 16 control device; 41 switching chamber wind paths; The 41a spaced walls; The back side, switching chamber 42 upside blow-off outlet; 43 switching chamber end face blow-off outlets; 44 switching chamber back underside blow-off outlets; Bottom surface, switching chamber 45 suction inlet; 46 dampers (ダ Application パ); 50 switching chamber end face passages; The hole of 51 switching chamber end face passages; The lid of switching chambers 60; 70 fans; 80 ConvertBoxs; 81 supercooling boxes; 82 ConvertBox bottom surfaces; 83 ConvertBoxs; 84 supercooling boxes; 85 ConvertBoxs; 86 supercooling boxes; The otch at the 90 ConvertBox back sides; The slit of 91 ConvertBox fronts; 95 surface temperature measuring instruments; 96 end faces; 100 refrigerating chambers; Switching chambers 200; 201 ConvertBoxs; 202 supercooling boxes; 300 refrigerating chambers; 301 freeze box; 400 vegetable compartment; 401 vegetable boxes; 500 ice-making compartments.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

At first, supercooling is elaborated.Fig. 1 is illustrated in not have supercooling (a) and the curve map of supercooling (b), the variations in temperature when water freezes is arranged.The longitudinal axis of curve map is a temperature, and is high more to curve map top temperature more.Transverse axis is the time, passes through along direction of arrow express time.So-called supercooling state is meant below the chill point that is not limited to this material, 100% state that do not freeze.At this, so-called chill point is meant the temperature that this material begins to freeze.That is, so-called supercooling state is though be meant the state that does not freeze fully for the temperature that should begin to freeze.For example, the chill point of water is 0 ℃.This chill point is according to the difference of material and difference, in high food of salinity or pol etc., has than 0 ℃ of low tendency.As if being example further explain supercooling state with water and having passed through freezing of supercooling state that then so-called supercooling state is even be meant the 0 ℃ of state that also remains 100% water as chill point that when having cooled off water, is reduced to down.

The water that is in the supercooling state also possibly be about to freeze to become ice, but must have certain stimulation this moment.This stimulation both can be that the key element of temperature aspect also can be the key element of physics aspect.Like this, freezing beginning though can make through stimulation, is several seconds unit from the supercooling state transitions to the time of freezing to begin, and is the thing of moment.But the ratio of the water that moment freezes when this freezes to begin is whole a few percent, before it becomes 100% ice, also needs cool time.

At this, the difference of freezing to freeze with supercooling is usually compared and sets forth.At first, usually, the maximum differential of freezing to freeze with supercooling is the difference that gets into or do not get into the supercooling state.Under situation about freezing usually, when surpassing chill point, do not get into the supercooling state and begin to freeze.In addition, another big difference that freezes usually to freeze with supercooling is the state when freezing to begin.At this; If with the water of putting into polyester bottles is that how the words of phenomenon take place when freezing to begin for example explanation; Then under situation about freezing usually, the water from the polyester bottles near surface when freezing to begin begins to freeze, and forms the such state of thin ice that covers at surface portion; Thereafter ice to internal extended, final integral is freezed.

The growth of ice is a hydrone with the ice-nucleus of the micel that forms certain certain above size is the phenomenon that the center takes place, and it is the phenomenon that takes place when freezing to begin that ice-nucleus forms.Therefore, under situation about freezing usually, we can say on the surface to form nearly all ice-nucleus, ice thus to part and grow up as water state.On the other hand, under the situation that supercooling is freezed, be formed uniformly ice-nucleus in polyester bottles integral body when freezing to begin.In addition, because icing all, inner still surface all parts in polyester bottles grow up, so ice is not to grow up to certain orientation.

The difference of freezing with supercooling as freezing usually after freezing to accomplish; Because the difference of its cooling procedure; With under situation about freezing usually, form from the surface to the big pipkrake crystalline phase of inside right be under the situation that supercooling is freezed, to be formed uniformly little granular ice crystallization with inner on the surface.In addition, under the situation of IQF, no matter be when freezing to begin, freeze to accomplish after for any state and surface contact cold air freeze very soon aspect be the same with situation about freezing usually.At first, owing to surperficial temperature sharply descends, so begin to freeze from the surface.But, be with the difference that freezes usually, accelerate owing to be cooled to inner speed, thus become in inside the state that also forms ice-nucleus easily with freezing usually to compare, rather than form such big ice crystal when freezing usually.

When considering food product refrigeration, the size of the ice crystal after freezing to accomplish, shape give food quality when thawing with very big influence.Because food nearly all is to be made up of cell, protein, saccharic etc.,, then can not restore fully mostly so its structure was once being destroyed by ice crystal.Thereby it is measured freezing that size, shape that we can say when freezing the ice crystal that forms forms matter when not destroying the original structure of food.

Be set at-60 ℃ utmost point cryogenic freezing situation and through being set in-18 ℃ the freezing situation of supercooling state; Make the interior agarose (ア Application ガ ロ one ス) of cooling chamber when gel freezes the comparison crystalline state; With the former crystallization by needle-like than the great achievement appearance right be that the latter's crystallization thin and integral body on grain enlarges equably.Under the situation that such difference takes place when food freezing, what food was original relatively is configured in the former by crystalline fracture, receives the influence of ice crystal hardly the latter, thereby passes through the freezing measured frozen food of matter that then can obtain of supercooling state.

Then, advantage and the novelty of utilizing the freezing frozen food of supercooling are set forth.It is measured freezing to be to form matter with the biggest advantage of the freezing frozen food of supercooling.As stated, in having experienced the freezing of supercooling state, owing in the process that becomes the supercooling state, all by abundant cooling,, grow into little granular ice crystallization so in food integral body, be formed uniformly ice-nucleus up to food inside.In addition, if poor (it is poor that the A point of Fig. 1 (b) and B are ordered) of minimum temperature that is issued at the supercooling state and chill point is big more, the quantity of the ice-nucleus that then when freezing to begin, forms is just many more, so just become trickleer ice crystal.Thereby, if overcooled words (temperature that in the supercooling state, arrives is low as far as possible) fully take place, also can keep after freezing → thawing more near the state before freezing.

When the size of the cooling of considering food and ice crystal, shape, prior art is considered as the passing through the time of-1 ℃～-5 ℃ temperature band of maximum ice crystallization generating zone always.This is that ice crystal diminishes when thinking at short notice through this maximum ice crystallization generating zone.Under the freezing situation of supercooling, comprise maximum ice crystallization generating zone should near near time of under the supercooling state, stopping of temperature band (1 ℃～-10 ℃) long.But the supercooling state is the state that does not freeze.Thereby if be in the supercooling state, even then this temperature band is long through the time, the ice crystal after freezing is also constant big, also can make fine ice crystal.Comprise maximum ice crystallization temperature band should near temperature band freezing in, at the little ice crystal of formation, to carry out on the measured freezing this point of matter be novel freezing method fully.

In addition; Freeze beginning during the supercooling state release, through temperature-resistant phase change state and freezing fully, but identifiable be if through the supercooling state; Even in the process of freezing thereafter, rest on maximum ice crystallization generating zone for a long time, ice crystal can hypertrophyization yet.Thereby, also can be described as novel freezing method in this.If through overcooled words; Even cost is long-time in freezing process thereafter, to ice crystal state also almost not influence, but when getting into freezing process if the words of IQF; The possibility that then ice crystal is loose further reduces; In addition, the reason that also can avoid the food quality beyond the ice crystal to descend is so we can say that further formation matter is measured freezing.

In addition, so far only set forth and made the food releasing supercooling that gets into the supercooling state and the advantage of situation about freezing, but may not make the food freezing that gets into the supercooling state.As the advantage of keeping the supercooling state; Can enumerate following aspect; That is, and below the solidification point, promptly if preserve irrelevantly under the temperature that common words have then been freezed, 100% do not freeze; Be the state that does not form ice crystal fully, the variation that the food that is not caused by ice crystal fully so preserve is at low temperatures constructed.

General well-known be effectively preserving the various chemical change this point that can suppress food to keeping freshness with low temperature more, can also say so can reach this low temperature and preserve and the store method that does not freeze two aspect advantages.In addition, also there is no need defrosting food.But being in not to what is called, also there is shortcoming in frozen state.Moisture in the food does not freeze, and then in bacterial reproduction or various chemical change, possibly utilize this moisture.Thereby, more to note when freezing in this.

Then, specify the present invention according to this embodiment.The refrigerator of embodiment of the present invention comprises: be used for stably realizing necessary stable temperature environment, the adjustment cold air kept of supercooling directly to the temperature of the temperature of food winding-up, wind speed, air quantity, timing etc. or the controlling organization of cold air, take in the structure of the box etc. of food; Be used for reliable the realization and remove device or the controlling organization that the necessary judgement supercooling of supercooling is accomplished, and necessary device or the controlling organization of giving and stimulating of releasing supercooling.In addition, also have and be used to keep the measured cooling of freezing of matter removed after the supercooling and the function of preservation.

At first, supercooling is freezed to be divided into following five kinds of states by food temperature.

(1) frozen state not: food temperature is the above state of chill point of this food.

(2) supercooling state: food temperature is in the following and uncongealable state of chill point of this food.That is, be interpreted as because food temperature continues to descend, so be in the supercooling state.

(3) supercooling is removed: the state the when temperature of food temperature below chill point got back to chill point.

(4) freeze to begin～freeze completion status: food arrives chill point and undergoes phase transition (if water, then becoming the ice of solid from the water of liquid), the state of passing at a certain temperature.

(5) freeze to accomplish and freezing preservation state: the state that food has freezed through the process of (4).

At this, the chill point of main food is described.As chill point separately, beef/pork is-1.7 ℃, and tuna is-1.3 ℃, and potato is-1.7 ℃, and strawberry is-1.2 ℃, and apple is-2.0 ℃ (lists of references: composite food industry, p.922 (1975)).In the state of (1)～(2); Be useful on the condition that gets into necessary condition of supercooling (frozen state reaches the temperature below the chill point to make food keep not) and in-depth supercooling (reducing the temperature when arriving the supercooling state); In (3), be useful on the condition that the supercooling state begins to freeze of removing, in (4) and (5), be useful on the condition of the integrity that keeps the food that supercooling freezes.

When control (1)～(3) obtain fully dark supercooling degree (temperature difference of the temperature that the chill point of food and supercooling arrive), can not disappear by (4) and (5) its effect.But, when the supercooling state,, or being set at design temperature more than the chill point temperature owing to the discrepancy of food is opened the door for a long time, the indoor temperature of supercooling for example becomes more than 0 ℃, when the supercooling state is disengaged, restarts from state (1) again.Set forth in the face of the operation of (1)～(3) down.

At first record and narrate the result of study when drop into thickness as food be the beef of 15mm, 150g.Supercooling condition in the supercooling chamber of refrigerator of the present invention (identical with the supercooling space) describes.Aspect when setting the supercooling condition, should noting be the minimum point of arrival (temperature of arrival under the supercooling state) of the central temperature of cooling velocity and the food that is cooled and the difference of chill point etc.When cooling velocity is too fast,, freezes part and do not freeze part so (surface temperature of food and the difference of central temperature are big) forms because the whole temperature of food is cooled off under uneven state.

Ice crystal is owing to be to grow up in the center with the ice-nucleus, so when even the part of this food is freezed fully, the limit is drawn the moisture limit of not freezing part and grown up therefrom.Its result, the big ice crystal of formation needle-like.Become at the pipkrake crystallization of generations such as iuntercellular or big ice crystal that moisture in the cell flows out or the reason of cytoclasis, the juice when causing this food defrosting flows out.As its result, or the original taste of food reduces, or nutrition such as free amino acid divides and reduce, or food sense variation.In addition, cooling velocity is crossed when slow, and is no problem for keeping of supercooling state, but because frozen state is not elongated, causes the deterioration of food quality to become problem by bacterial reproduction, oxidation promotion etc.

Promptly; Pass through to before the chill point so that the mode that the difference of surface temperature and central temperature diminishes is cooled off, reach the temperature below the chill point after (supercooling state) improve cooling velocity, formation arrives the minimum point of arrival of central temperature very soon; Remove supercooling, thereby do not prolong not frozen state.Carry out like this, continuously or by stages that food reaches before the chill point, reaches before the supercooling state below the chill point, each temperature control, cold air before freezing fully to removing supercooling are adjusted.In order to solve such problem, the method for additional antibacterial functions in the supercooling space is arranged also.Can enumerate the method for utilizing ultraviolet ray or ozone as antibacterial functions.But, have the problem that spends cost when adding antibacterial functions.

At first, to supercooling entry condition explanation cooling velocity.Food is cooled from the surface, according to the kind of food or thickness through heat conduction cooling food center.Promptly be, to confirm the cooling velocity at center because after the cooling velocity of food surface confirms.In addition, when in actual domestic refrigerator, controlling the variations in temperature of food, generally be the surface temperature that detects food, at first confirm these.During the food supercooling food surface and central temperature over time in, the temperature at food center and the temperature of food surface descend with roughly the same tendency.Beef for thickness 15mm, 150g; Food ambient air temperature reaches setting about 30 minutes temperature for example-5 ℃ ,-7 ℃ ,-10 ℃; And as the time that the food surface temperature arrives chill point be respectively about 120 minutes, about 80 minutes, below 60 minutes, its design temperature is high more then slow more.

The difference of food central temperature and food surface temperature difference is little, and temperature difference separately is about 0.5 ℃～3.0 ℃.But the high more then surface of air design temperature and the temperature difference at center are more little, and the low more then supercooling of design temperature degree, the energy when being freezing are more little.Cooling velocity is calculated from 3 ℃ to 0 ℃ scope in the food surface temperature.The cooling velocity of this temperature band is a certain temperature band relevant with getting into cooling; Design temperature around the food is-5 ℃; The cooling velocity of food surface is about 3.5 ℃/h, and design temperature is-7 ℃, and the cooling velocity of food surface is about 5 ℃/h; Design temperature is-10 ℃ supercooling when shallow, and cooling velocity is about 10 ℃/h.

Represent by this result, as getting into overcooled condition, the surface of food and center have apart from the time, the cooling velocity of food surface be 10 ℃/below the h, desirable is 5 ℃/below the h.In addition, at this moment, the temperature difference at food surface and center also has different.When design temperature is-5 ℃; The temperature difference at food surface and food center be about 1 ℃ (K) (cooling velocity at food center be about 3.5 ℃/h); When design temperature is-7 ℃, the temperature difference at food surface and food center be about 2 ℃ (K) (cooling velocity at food center be about 5 ℃/h).

In contrast, when the shallow design temperature of supercooling was-10 ℃, the temperature difference at food surface and food center was about 3 ℃ (K) (about 10 ℃ of cooling velocity at food center/h).By this result, expression is as getting into overcooled condition, and the temperature difference at food surface and center is below 3 ℃ (K), and desirable is below 2 ℃ (K).The surface of food and the distance at center are little, the thermal capacity of instant food hour, and for example design temperature is lower than-10 ℃ in thin meat etc., even for example-15 ℃ supercooling degree does not also shoal, can obtain good frozen food.

As stated, the cooling velocity of food surface thinks that temperature difference with the surface of food and center is that cooling velocity below the 3K is a condition.At this moment, can think the generation that to avoid following phenomenon.(1) when food surface and center, temperature difference become big, the density of contained moisture changes in food, through the contained moisture generation convection current in food of its density contrast.Therefore, because the junction rate of hydrone increases, promote the growth of children's nuclear, so remove supercooling easily.When (two) food surface freezed earlier, food surface formed stable environment in food integral body under the certain state of the temperature of chill point.Therefore, food is stably remained on chill point, and the heat of cooling of conducting from food surface all is utilized as latent heat, freezes to proceed.Therefore, during the shallow freezing of food, food integral body can supercooling.

In addition; For food ambient air temperature, become below the chill point in frozen state not in order to make food, though change according to the kind or the thickness of food; But general preferably be made as food ambient air temperature more than-10 ℃; The upper limit of food ambient air temperature is to be self-explantory below the chill point of overcooled food, and for example beef or pork are below-1.7 ℃, are-2 ℃ to common food.The cooling velocity that temperature difference is suppressed at below 3 ℃ (K) is about about 3.5 ℃/h～about 10 ℃/h, below about about 5 ℃/h, is desirable especially.

But, be 10mm when following in the chipped meat equal thickness, through make 300 ℃/below the h, get into supercooling, the cube meat about thick 40～50mm needs about 2 ℃～3 ℃/h.Any food no matter is as long as be suppressed at about 3 ℃ the temperature difference at food surface and food center just passable.But, remain on easy the to be overcooled food materials of the homogeneous of certain position easily at the gel as the sour milk, moisture, by about 3.5 ℃/h～about 10 ℃/h left and right sides supercooling, but under-18 ℃ design temperature, also can carry out supercooling for 5～10 ℃ with temperature difference.

The temperature that gets into around supercooling, the food of a stopping cause when keeping the supercooling state is uneven for becoming, and preferably suppresses the inequality of cooling velocity, promptly reduces cooling velocity around the food.In addition, for refrigerator is controlled at certain uniform temperature to air themperature, the influence by wide variety of equipment such as the switch action of the ON/OFF of the ON/OFF of compressor, refrigerator internal fan and damper unavoidably causes food ambient air temperature that change is arranged.Through there being the air themperature change, the change of food temperature inside strengthens.Therefore, promote the convection current of the moisture that food is inner, promptly the junction probability of hydrone improves, and removes supercooling easily.Get into supercooling for fear of this point, surpassing the chill point of food (for example-1.7 ℃) before, promptly get into the range of temperature before the supercooling state, according to experiment in about 6 ℃ (K).

No matter the size of food or kind all can not apply food surface and remove overcooled stimulation.For this reason, the temperature change of food ambient air as previously mentioned for 6K with interior be desirable.But, even more or less shoaling or overcooled probability occurs, reduces the supercooling degree, also can form the supercooling state; Even for example near blow-off outlet; Temperature change is bigger than 6K, for example also can get into supercooling under the environment of 15K, can make the supercooling in-depth at easy overcooled food materials.In order to get into the supercooling state, to deepen supercooling, may not cool off with uniform temp.

During with the cooling of certain temperature, food is cooled, and the food surface temperature descends, and diminishes with the temperature difference of food ambient air temperature, and the food surface temperature roughly is stabilized in food ambient air temperature.Therefore in order to make the supercooling in-depth, preferably with the temperature difference of food surface and food ambient air temperature remain on certain more than, cool off (in-depth) simultaneously and go down.Therefore, as long as make the decline of food ambient air temperature just passable according to food surface or central temperature.In the operation of this supercooling in-depth in domestic refrigerator, through preset time (in advance by experimental study, put into the time that the food central temperature arrives-1 ℃ from food; For example two hours) after, also can be at regular intervals (in advance by time experimental study, 1 ℃ of the every decline of food temperature; For example 0.5 hour) make design temperature descend 1 ℃ etc.

Through like this,, can make the supercooling in-depth owing to can keep the temperature difference of food surface and food ambient air temperature and make the food cooling.Otherwise the uneven big or air themperature of air themperature changes when big, and the pyroconductivity that the distribution of the temperature of food surface becomes big or food surface becomes big, and the position of cooling begins crystallization easily from the surface, removes supercooling.

Fig. 2 is that expression is when freezing meat jelly tied through common quick freezing and supercooling and the figure of the state of the meat tissue when thawing the meat that has once freezed.Like this, like this when chilled meat or fish etc. if the ice crystal that forms in inside is big, then destroy cell, the juice quantitative change after thawing is many.Therefore, relatively freezing the and common freezing foreshank of supercooling or the juice amount of tuna can see that the freezing thing of supercooling is suppressed at usually freezing half the following tendency.Potato classes such as potato are in the past for being inappropriate for freezing food.When making curried juice etc., freezing preservation, after next day heating edible be the daily thing of carrying out of general family, but this moment, only remove or break into pieces potato freezing be to be used to the general knowledge that makes curried juice freezing palatably.This be because, freezing, when thawing potato, become sparse, food sense variation.

But, when curried juice being freezed through supercooling is freezing, the food sense of the back potato that thaws and freeze before substantially constant, the food sense of do not become sparse or deliquescing.Starch as the potato principal component is made up of amylose and amylopectin, but is existing freezing by the D structure that the growth of ice crystal destroys them, in case even ruinate structure thaws can not be recovered, so the potato that thaws becomes sparse.In contrast, very fine by the freezing ice crystal that forms of supercooling, so make the almost not distortion such as D structure of starch when freezing, also can keep original D structure even think to thaw.

Therefore, think that supercooling is freezing after, the food of the potato that thaws is felt not variation.Such principle is applicable to also sometimes therefore, to demonstrate the food of unsuitable freezing other if use supercooling freezing that then now unsuitable freezing food also can be freezing.Like this, can know when food etc. being freezed, owing to generate fine ice crystal, the original food structure of cell or protein etc. is not changed and can keep through the state of cooling.

Thereby, even the food that freezes → thaw is freezed etc. again, freeze repeatedly → thaw, also maybe not can as existing when freezing quality extremely worsen.Though more than set forth the advantage of using in the general family, we can say in food processing and also can effectively utilize supercooling freezing.The fineness of the ice crystal that in supercooling is freezing, generates also can obtain excellent results in-60 ℃ freezing, realizing on the freezing this point of high-quality, we can say and can the replacement business use deep freezer.In addition, owing to needn't as professional using, use big energy to produce utmost point cold gas, so have the high advantage of energy-efficient performance.

In above research, setting food cold air flow wind speed on every side is about 0.5m/s.The cooling velocity of food is confirmed by the temperature difference and the advection heat conductivity of food surface and food ambient air temperature.This is because the temperature difference at little side's food surface of advection heat conductivity and center is little, will form the cause of supercooling state very soon.In addition, change in time by the food surface temperature and to have confirmed cooling velocity, but the testing agency as the food surface temperature can enumerate thermoelectric element in the product of reality.It is to receive the radiant heat that is produced by the infrared ray that sends from food surface, the testing agency of non-contact detecting food surface temperature.Thus; Temperature or area through the detected temperature inference of the thermoelectric element food in the switching chamber of dropping into refrigerator etc. the time by food; And then, can prolong or shorten the control time of each operation according to the food that drops into by thereafter the thermoelectric element detected temperatures thermal capacity of inference input food over time.

Labile state is originally in supercooling, can remove through adding certain stimulation.In general, remove through vibration, but when for example in airtight container, seamlessly having filled water etc., even the container that for example fluctuates is not intensely also removed; Put into water the case chamber of the drawer type of refrigerator, for example put into the switching chamber, even tens of repeatedly fully open/closed ground switch doors, supercooling is not removed yet.But, when in closed container, only adding the water about 1/2, once just remove.Therefore, think that for removing supercooling the space of fluid free flow must be arranged through vibration.

Under the situation of food such as meat or fish, fruit, filled by moisture because each cell and iuntercellular are very close to each other, so be equivalent to closed container of filling water very close to each other.In fact, in the switching chamber of having put into overcooled meat, even standard-sized sheet/complete shut-down ground switch door repeatedly, supercooling is not removed yet.In addition, when removing supercooling, forming ice-nucleus with the whole a few percent of food is confirmed by the size of supercooling degree.For example, can know, when the supercooling degree is 4 ℃ (K), presses 5% of the whole moisture of food and form ice-nucleus by the formula of following freezing rate.

Freezing rate (%)=(Cp*rV* Δ T)/L*rV*100

Cp: specific heat (kJ/kgK)

R: density (kg/m ³)

V: volume (m ³)

L: latent heat (kJ/kg)

Δ T: temperature difference (K)

If the supercooling degree is 4 ℃, then the ice crystal shape is small granular.After removing supercooling; (temperature difference of this moment is the supercooling degree) freezed completion status to subsequent processing, beginning to be frozen into when food temperature returns chill point by the temperature below the chill point, and food arrives chill point and undergoes phase transition (if water, then becoming the ice of solid from the water of liquid); It is the state of passing at a certain temperature; After this, freeze to accomplish, under the temperature of setting, form freezing preservation state.If the generation supercooling, freezing speed thereafter forms small ice-nucleus to the not influence of ice crystal shape when supercooling, and this ice-nucleus is if be distributed in food integral body, and then the whole ice crystal of food attenuates.

As stated, the whole moisture of food can be obtained by freezing rate by a few percent formation ice-nucleus when removing supercooling, and according to experimental data, freezing rate was about 1% when the supercooling degree was 0.8 ℃, and ice crystal is big needle-like.The supercooling degree greatly when becoming 2.6 ℃ ice crystal become quite small, freezing rate is about about 3%, the supercooling degree when becoming 4.1 ℃, is the small ice crystal that with the naked eye can not differentiate that kind greatly, freezing rate is about about 5%.

Like this, although the ice-nucleus that forms when removing supercooling is a few percent of food overall moisture because ice-nucleus evenly produces in food integral body, about ice crystal state during thereafter freezing the preservation.In addition; Because the energy the when energy that when the supercooling state, stores generates as ice-nucleus uses; So think that the supercooling degree is big, the energy that stores is many as far as possible, the ice-nucleus number that generates when removing supercooling is just many more; Correspondingly the ice crystal diameter also diminishes with it, can think that the influence of the food damage that caused by ice crystal diminishes.

In order as above, to make the food of in refrigerator, taking in be in the supercooling state, be cooled to necessary condition by the cooling capacity of a certain scope.The cooling capacity that this means cooling food is crossed weak or is crossed and all can not become the supercooling state by force, or the supercooling state is disengaged at once.When cooling capacity is weak, takes in food and get into the supercooling state easily, but a little less than the cooling capacity of food periphery=temperature is high, and the point of arrival of the food temperature under the supercooling state also uprises, and removes supercooling so supercooling does not deepen (=lower temperature).Generally speaking, because the overcooled degree of depth forms big energy more greatly more, in food, generate fine crystal, to become high-quality freezing, so in order to make supercooling darker, cooling capacity then is false when weak.

For the overcooled degree of depth; Because (for example food arrives-4 ℃ of releasings later under the supercooling state to become 3K; To-1 ℃ of instantaneous rising of temperature) when above, the juice stream output when edible meat thaws also produces big inequality, promotes that therefore the supercooling degree of depth more than it is necessary.And opposite, when cooling capacity is strong, even because the situation or the entering supercooling state that freeze in the moment of the solidification point that arrives food, it is relevant that this strong cooling capacity becomes the phenomenon that stimulates and remove at once, so can not get dark supercooling degree. in the same old wayLike this, the cooling capacity with a certain scope makes the food cooling become necessary condition.

As stated; A little less than cooling capacity when (situation that=case room temperature is high); When dropping into refrigerator to food, the case room temperature is with-3 ℃～-4 ℃ passing approximately, though under the condition that keeps this temperature cooling food; Because the case room temperature is-3 ℃～-4 ℃, food temperature can not become below it certainly yet.Therefore, because can not get dark supercooling, so though the case room temperature is little by little descended, the result removes when food temperature is about-3 ℃.Like this, a little less than cooling capacity when (=temperature high), though get into supercooling because get into not dark, so that the user feels is few as the situation of the inequality of having a mind to of food.In addition, do not get into the supercooling state in the moment that arrives solidification point during cooling capacity strong (=case room temperature is low), begin to freeze.

But, be the situation more than-10 ℃ in air themperature, the case room temperature only drops to-7 ℃～-8 ℃ levels approximately, but obtains more than the 3K as the overcooled degree of depth, under this temperature, can fully reach.Can deeper promote supercooling when in addition, when design temperature is descended, near the solidification point (-1 ℃ approximately) of food, temperature being descended.In addition, when reducing this temperature, preferably food is not applied strong stimulation, but little by little descend.For example, even overcooled situation has taken place to remove when reducing by 2 ℃ to design temperature at every turn, when reducing by 1 ℃, just do not reach releasing for relaxing the stimulation that produces by thermograde each.

Then, as explaining, be near the air themperature supercooling object food distribute (inequality) as another supercooling necessary condition.This is because do not get into supercooling or overcooled phenomenon takes place to remove at once when in the air themperature of a certain scope distributes (inequality), food not being set.This is that supercooling is removed, the cause that the food ground that reaches the high position of temperature freezes or supercooling is removed is followed in its influence as a result of because the low position of temperature from the temperature inequality of food is freezed or taken place.

Like this, cool off by the Temperature Distribution (inequality) of a certain scope and become necessary condition.Particularly, the air themperature inequality is more little good more, but owing to the real machine standard deviation that produces refrigerator or take in various reason of the size, profile etc. of food, so as being desirable below the uneven about 2K of temperature.Irrelevant with the case room temperature, the uneven experimental result with the overcooled degree of depth of statistical induction temperature distinguishes when temperature not to be 2K overcooled probability of detection raising when following.Under this condition, set through the above-mentioned temperature of contrast, overcooled probability of detection can be extremely near 100%.

Be arranged at the ON/OFF of the compressor in the refrigerator and the damper through being arranged on the temperature sensor adjustment in each case chamber etc. and make temperature keep certain in order to adjust the intensity of cooling utilization.Like this, in each case chamber of refrigerator, certainly exist the time of cool-air feed and the time of not supplying with (cold air ON/OFF).Like this, for the temperature of the case chamber that is adjusted to this setting, must the supplying temperature cold air also lower than this case room temperature.But,, be necessary under above-mentioned temperature, to make food to become the supercooling state in order to realize supercooling.

Under these circumstances; Near more than-15 ℃ of necessary condition of air themperature food is leaned in conduct; It is desirable under the temperature more than-10 ℃, continue certain cooling; But realize in domestic refrigerator in the reality that temperature fluctuation circlet border is difficult to, control the cold air temperature around the supercooling object food.Realize that as it mechanism is divided into two big types.At first, the firstth, the cold air temperature that makes this case chamber of cooling is more near the mechanism of supercooling optimum temperature.Usually, the cold air temperature of cooling when refrigerator and cooled is frozen the case chamber that temperature can be set in the temperature band reaches-25 ℃ level approximately at its cool-air feed mouth (blow-off outlet).This temperature is and the sizable numerical value of supercooling optimum temperature gap that the temperature of controlling the source and course of this cool-air feed becomes effective mechanism.

For this mechanism, the refrigerating capacity that at first can enumerate through making compressor descends, and improves the mechanism of cold air temperature.That is to say, owing to must guarantee the original cooling capacity beyond the supercooling, so, be not the ability that reduces compressor self, through driving rotating speed, reduce refrigerating capacity with reduction compressors such as transformer controls, improve the cool-air feed temperature.When in fact making compressor reduce the horizontal rotating speed of 10rps, can find to blow out the temperature that temperature also improves about 3K～5K.

In addition, for the rotating speed of the Air Blast fan in the refrigerator of cool-air feed, also can change its rotating speed control cool-air feed temperature.In fact, because cold air speed reduces when reducing the rotating speed of fan, suppress the advection heat conduction, so as cold air temperature also step-down.Like this, promote heat exchange through the rotating speed that improves fan conversely, improve the cool-air feed temperature.In fact, when the refrigerator internal fan improves 300rpm～400rpm, can find that cold air temperature improves the temperature of about 2K～3K.Can consider also that in addition at cool-air feed blow-off outlet periphery muff heater etc. being set improves cold air temperature.

As second mechanism, not to improve the cool-air feed temperature, cold air temperature is improved, do not make near the direct contact food of the low cold air of temperature as far as possible, form this mechanism.In order to realize this mechanism, can enumerate lengthening and arrive distance to the cold air of food from the cool-air feed mouth.For example, by cold air rectification guiding piece being set at cool-air feed mouth periphery or can realizing at the structure that blow-off outlet and food are provided with the thing of placing obstacles between the position etc.Thus, the cold air temperature that arrives the food periphery can pass through the heat exchange rising in the way.

And then, owing to also make injecting velocity decline, can not give and the slowly cooling of strong stimulation ground the cold air of food.As the example that the thing of placing obstacles between the position is set at blow-off outlet and food, can be formed in food receiver top and append and cover shape.Can will distance be set as long over half of box through lid from the cold air blow-off outlet that is positioned at the refrigerator rear side to the opening of the box of being located at reveal.Analyze the air-flow of this moment, then cover shape and can improve near the cold air temperature the food by appending, and then the reduction wind speed.

In addition, be controlled at its angle of damper adjustment of cool-air feed between the Air Blast fan that makes circulating cold air in the refrigerator and the blow-off outlet, play the effect of valve of the cool-air feed of throttling air conditioning quantity etc.Damper is full cut-off, standard-sized sheet not only, and the angle that can also be adjusted in the way comes throttling air conditioning quantity ground to suppress to blow to the wind speed of food.It is 1.0m/s～1.2m/s that the aperture of adjustment damper makes the wind speed of cold air blow-off outlet, on box, establishes lid, forms the mode from reveal cool-air feed in box, and making the wind speed in the box is 0.1m/s～0.5m/s, keeps the supercooling state.Can carry out this first mechanism and second mechanism respectively, make near the temperature of food become suitable overcooled temperature but also can combine.

In addition, be the mechanism that suppresses temperature inequality, fluctuation through ON/OFF the number that reduces cool-air feed for improving the uneven realization mechanism of temperature.As stated, this mechanism supplies with higher cold air temperature through reduce the rotating speed of compressor with control device, prolongs the needed time of design temperature that arrives, and is relevant with the improvement uneven and fluctuation of number of times, the temperature of minimizing ON/OFF.Like this, because reduce the mechanism=reduction cooling capacity of ON/OFF number, so this also is the effective mechanisms such as throttling that cause air conditioning quantity through above-mentioned damper angle adjustment etc.And then, can be on this basis with the adjustment cold air temperature or the wind speed such as shape of the barrier of the shape of the air guide of blow-off outlet or cold air blow-off outlet and provision room.

Then, describe with reference to the determination methods and the supercooling release method of accompanying drawing the structure in the supercooling space of realizing the supercooling state, supercooling state release period.In addition, in each following figure, identical Reference numeral is represented same object or suitable object.Refrigerator in the embodiment of the present invention 1 that carries out freezing preservation through the supercooling state is elaborated.Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the refrigerator 1 of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

The pantry of this refrigerator 1 is by constituting with lower component: be positioned at refrigerating chamber 100 topmost, that switch door ground configuration is housed; Be positioned at refrigerating chamber 100 the below, can from cryogenic temperature band (18 ℃) switch to refrigeration, vegetables, ice temperature (チ Le De), soft freezing (7 ℃) etc. the temperature band be equipped with pull out the door switching chamber 200; With switch chamber 200 arranged side by side, the ice-making compartment 500 of pulling out door is housed; Be configured in foot, be equipped with pull out the door refrigerating chamber 300; Refrigerating chamber 300 and switch chamber 200 and ice-making compartment 500 between, the vegetable compartment 400 of pulling out door etc. is housed.Console switch that is provided with the temperature of regulating each chamber or setting at the door of refrigerating chamber 100 on the surface and the guidance panel 5 that constitutes by liquid crystal etc. that shows each room temperature at that time; Rear side at refrigerating chamber 100 is provided with control device 16; These control device 16 control compressors, damper switch are to adjust to the temperature of carrying out operating and setting through this guidance panel 5 to the temperature that is configured in the Temperature Detector in each refrigerator chamber.

Constitute the compressor 10 and the cooler 3 of freeze cycle in the rear side configuration of refrigerator 1; And then, be provided for the fan 2 of delivering to refrigerating chamber 100 or switching chamber 200 by the cold air of cooler 3 coolings, be used for importing the wind path 4 in the refrigerating chamber 100 to cold air by cooler 3 coolings.In addition; Microcomputer is installed on the control substrate of the control device 16 among refrigerator 1 gabarit that is disposed at rear side top; Utilization is stored in the software in this microcomputer; Be configured in the detection signal of the temperature sensor in the refrigerator together according to the control action of console switch, guidance panel 5 or demonstration etc., compressor 10 or Air Blast fan 2 etc. is controlled.In addition, in switching chamber 200, receiver 201 is set respectively, receiver 301 is set in refrigerating chamber 300, receiver 401 is set in vegetable compartment 400, in these boxes, can take in food.

Fig. 4 is the summary side sectional view of the refrigerator that constitutes of the wind path of the refrigerator of expression embodiment 1 of the present invention.Part with the cold air of cooler 3 cooling is sent to refrigerating chamber 300.In addition, remaining cold air is sent to via wind path 4 and switches chamber 200.The a part of cold air of wind path 4 of flowing through further is sent to the refrigerating chamber 100 on upper strata, refrigerated compartment 100.Circulate and cooling vegetable compartment 400 with returning by road 6 by refrigerating chamber for the cold air that returns of refrigerating chamber 100, and the air of the vegetable compartment of flowing through 400 returns cooler 3 via vegetable compartment with returning road 7.

Fig. 5 is the side sectional view of the switching chamber 200 of embodiment of the present invention 1.In the switching chamber 200 between refrigerating chamber 100 and vegetable compartment 400, be provided with and switch the switching chamber wind path 41 of chamber 200 to cold air by damper (switching the chamber damper) 46 guiding from wind path 4.In addition, look sideways from the front of refrigerator, be provided with the upper left back side, the switching chamber upside blow-off outlet in the back side 42 and end face nearby the switching chamber end face blow-off outlet 43 of side as the cold air blow-off outlet.

In addition, in switching chamber 200, the bottom right is provided with and switches the back side, chamber suction inlet 44 overleaf, is provided with in the bottom surface and switches bottom surface, chamber suction inlet 45.Switch chamber 200 and can switch to refrigeration (about 3 ℃), ice temperature (about 0 ℃), soft freezing (-5 ℃ ,-7 ℃ ,-9 ℃ approximately), freezing six temperature bands such as (-17 ℃ approximately), can be by liquid crystal panel 5 switching temperature on the door that is arranged on refrigerating chamber 100.The temperature of switching chamber 200 is controlled by design temperature that does not have illustrated thermistor and detected value thereof.

Then, the structure that the supercooling chamber is set in switching chamber 200 is described.Fig. 6 is the structural map of the supercooling box in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.In Fig. 6, be divided into switching chamber receiver 201 shown in Figure 5 two-layer up and down; Make the Slide Box of two-layer; Make common ConvertBox to its upside box 80, make its downside box 81 in the supercooling box that makes food become the supercooling state as the supercooling space of cooling chamber.Pull out when switching chamber 200, ConvertBox 80 is pulled out with supercooling box 81 simultaneously.Through ConvertBox 80 is slided to the depths, can from supercooling box 81, take out stored goods when using supercooling box 81.

Between upside box 80 and downside box 81, have the gap about 15mm around.Blow out-20 ℃ cold air approximately from cold air blow- off outlet 42,43 etc. to switching the chamber when setting cryogenic temperature.According to this structure; The inside of the ConvertBox 80 of the air-flow cooling upside that blows out to indoor, on every side; Flow into the downside box from the gap between the supercooling box 81 of upside box and downside; But because the gap that flows into right angle orientation with air-flow is also arranged, suppress air-flow and directly flow in the downside box, thus suppress that the air themperature of supercooling box 81 raises and box in wind speed.In addition, when common cooling, the top of supercooling box 81 is covered by ConvertBox 80, forms cold air and is difficult to the structure that directly gets into, and institute is so that the slow cooling of necessity becomes possibility when the formation supercooling.

In addition, the big material (for example, box being made duplex etc. to metallic plate, the injection of cold-storage spare) of thermal capacity that can suppress the air temperature variations that kind also can be set on the bottom surface 82 of ConvertBox 80.If do like this, owing to colliding in the bottom surface 82 and the top of supercooling box 81, so when the common refrigerator that comprises door switch uses, the effect of the air themperature change in the supercooling box 81 that can be inhibited.

Between ConvertBox 80 and supercooling box 81; Space about also can having from 1mm to 30mm; At this moment; When making this cooling chamber become supercooling, can receive in supercooling box 81, to flow into the effect that the cold air cooling improves, the effect that when removing supercooling, improves and remove effectively in addition through cold airflow.But, if the gap is too little, then when getting into supercooling or when removing supercooling for cooling fast, directly cooling and must another opening be set, so we can say that also the gap about 10mm～30mm is desirable at the downside box.

In addition, as long as the opening of removing usefulness is set, the cold air that blows out does not directly get into, even the air-flow of free convection level is also no problem.Even directly let cold air flow into, as stating, also can receive same effect through wind speed being diminished or cold air temperature being improved.As the action under the situation of gapped structure between ConvertBox 80 and the supercooling box 81; Can consider wheel to be installed in the bottom surface of ConvertBox 80; On the guide rail that is arranged on the supercooling box 81, slide; Or on the bottom surface of ConvertBox 80, add groove, the pillar that is arranged at supercooling box 81 tops is embedded and slip etc.The track that in addition, also can on wall, be provided for only letting ConvertBox 80 slide in front and back.In addition, even under situation very close to each other between ConvertBox 80 and the supercooling box 81, also can obtain the cooling performance of appropriateness.When very close to each other, the amplitude of the air themperature change in the time of can be common cooling suppresses for a short time.

And then, image pattern 6 that kind, two-layer through being divided into the box of a certain height, also can receive the interior arrangement property of raising box, use more convenient effect.In addition; Through the downside of two-layer box as the supercooling space; Can obtain by cold air below the characteristic of being detained improve the effect of the cooling property in supercooling space, also can obtain in the effect that plays in the inhibition air themperature change under the box of downside is produced by boasting the situation that suppresses the effect that air-flow flows directly into of the box of upside.In addition, can be about 70mm as the degree of depth of supercooling box, suppose that the freezing preservation of edible bread or the ice temperature preservation of large-scale sour milk also can make about 140mm or more than it, for example make the degree of depth about 300mm～600mm.

Consider that upside box and downside box are the degree of depth of the capacity of same degree or the capacity of the several times that the image pattern that kind is the downside box etc.In addition; As making the structure in supercooling space to the downside of two-layer box, also can be as Fig. 7, make the upside box in its front side and to make the different mode of the degree of depth with rear side; In the bottom surface step is set, also can constitutes and make corresponding configuration to the downside box with this step space.In Fig. 7, the upside box is a ConvertBox 83, and the downside box is a supercooling box 84.In the structure of Fig. 7, have in the rear side of ConvertBox 83 and can take in highly high food, can take in the advantage of small articles at reveal.In the supercooling box gap of cool-air feed be located at and the upside box between.

In addition, as making the structure in supercooling space to the downside of two-layer box, also can be structure as shown in Figure 8.In Fig. 8, the upside box is a ConvertBox 85, and the downside box is a supercooling box 86.The depth of ConvertBox 85 and supercooling box 86 may not be identical, also can have the gap in a part.In addition, except that can ConvertBox 85 make embedded, also can make slidingtype, push the structure that the food in the supercooling box 86 is taken out in the depths to box.In the structure of Fig. 8, become the supercooling space owing to only append the upside box-like, so have the advantage that cost is accomplished cheaply when changing.

As explaining, cooling velocity must have qualification to a certain degree.For example,, be set in central temperature in the scope of 300 ℃/h～0.35 ℃/h, it is desirable near the cooling velocity the 3.5 ℃/h, form the supercooling state for food such as pudding, sour milks.Above-mentioned cooling velocity is a central temperature from chill point in the scope than the temperature of low 20 ℃ of chill point, it is desirable in the scope from chill point to-10 ℃.

In addition, the supercooling state must keep the regular hour, for example is necessary for more than 5 seconds.This is in order to make overcooled temperature darker.That is, make the temperature of food arrival supercooling state lower.Preferably make the darker reason of overcooled temperature as explaining; Can enumerate following reason: when overcooled temperature deepened, owing to the sensible heat ability quantitative change that stores in supercooling is many, the ability quantitative change that the latent heat of the moment that the result uses when removing supercooling changes greatly; Utilize this energy; The ice-nucleus that when removing supercooling, takes place once produces a lot in food equably, and in order to serve as that nuclear is grown up ice crystal with this ice-nucleus, little ice pellets is formed uniformly a plurality of in food; Intracellular ice crystal makes the destruction of cell few, and the influence of the pair cells such as outflow of juice diminishes in the time of can suppressing to thaw.

And then, through not to the direct blast-cold gas of food, perhaps suppress wind speed, suppress drying or frosting that temperature change can suppress food.In addition, being in the longer then supercooling of time of supercooling state, to arrive the possibility of temperature step-down just high more.Thus, owing to strengthen the supercooling degree, keep the time about the supercooling state needs necessarily.In addition, the difference of the surface temperature of central temperature when reaching supercooling and can remove temperature is to be desirable in 0 ℃～10 ℃ the scope, preferably in 5 ℃.If foreshank is thickness 15mm and 150g, the difference of surface temperature and central temperature is about 1 ℃.For the scope of the cooling condition of above that kind, food such as meat, fish, vegetables, fruit we can say it all is the same.

When keeping the supercooling state, also be important about the variation of the air themperature in the supercooling space (because asynchronism(-nization) causes the difference of temperature).Though also owing to temperature or wind speed around the food, the amplitude of air themperature change is preferably in 5 ℃.But, though, can form the supercooling state if 10 ℃ also have the situation what worsen with interior quality.When the air temperature variations amplitude was big, the reason that worsens as food quality can be enumerated through freezing repeatedly to melt and make ice crystal become to look big.In addition, other mechanism as the air themperature amplitude of fluctuation is diminished carries out Equipment Control according to the detected value that does not have illustrated thermistor, and the amplitude of variation of the setting value of in microcomputer etc., confirming is diminished.It is desirable in the 4K (4 ℃), and then be preferably in the 1K (1 ℃).

In addition; The difference of the temperature that causes by the uneven place of the air themperature in the supercooling space, as long as spend the several years with interior just passable in supercooling, but in order to get into supercooling; About 2 ℃ of supercooling degree with interior be desirable; As the problem that the air themperature inequality becomes excessive, can enumerate when cooling off big food, part is accomplished earlier and is freezed.That is, irrelevant with the temperature of supercooling chamber, to ask when calculating the temperature inequality and the overcooled degree of depth with experiment, temperature is not 2K when following, and overcooled probability of happening is near 100%.Thereby, near the temperature the control food, the reduction wind speed is important, asks through simulation simultaneously and calculates air-flow distribution, Temperature Distribution, the aperture position or the size of selected supercooling chamber are so that the temperature of part is only low around the indoor cold air of whole supercooling.

Temperature about supercooling is freezing is set benchmark, is satisfying foregoing cooling velocity etc., and taking place for example has-3 ℃～-10 ℃ in the high temperature band of supercooling probability.In this temperature band, because comprise the chill point of all food of thinking general freezing, so after the generation supercooling, can stably freeze.In addition, be about two weeks during the food preservation in such temperature band, even for example weekend food that centralized purchasing is bought in owing to also can feel at ease to be saved in next week under the unspent situation such as predetermined change.

And then, when this temperature band freezes the back preservation,, save the trouble of the cooking owing to can not understand frozen ground with cuttings such as cutters.When the last Dessert of meal such as sour milk or pudding are freezed by supercooling is freezing,, can obtain and freezing, the different new food sense of refrigeration usually owing to form very fine ice crystal.In addition, when freezing milk of supercooling or fruit juice class etc., possibly form and the fruit syrup ice cream of freezing different food sense usually etc., the distinctive new dish of fine ice crystal.

Then, the supercooling control as the supercooling chamber (supercooling box) of cooling chamber is described.At this, remove the judgement of supercooling time according to the cumulative time that begins from supercooling, carry out supercooling and remove through food ambient air temperature is changed to low temperature side.Fig. 9 is the time flow chart of expression as the control of the refrigerator that is stored in the supercooling control in the control device 16.In order to make the food supercooling that is accommodated in the supercooling box; The central temperature of the food in the supercooling box, be under the little situation of the difference of surface temperature and central temperature at this; Surface temperature is crossed chill point and is arrived supercooling state (step 1); Compressor 10, fan 2, damper 46 etc. move, and form the air themperature of for example in-2 ℃～-20 ℃ scope, selecting with a certain indoor (serves as to switch chamber 200 at this) the supercooling box.In addition, compressor 10 or fan 2 also can only be controlled temperature through switch damper 46 by the temperature control of another case chamber.

In this step 1, set to switch the design temperature identical (conduct " Tset " is represented in Fig. 9) with usually time of the thermistor (not have diagram) of the temperature of chamber 200.Arrival can be removed the time (supercooling state keep 5 seconds at least after) (step 2) of supercooling (refer to food temperature arrives than the low temperature more than 3 ℃ of chill point carry out overcooled state); After removing supercooling; (step 3) before food integral body is freezed fully; The design temperature of thermistor also can be made typical temperature and set (Tset), but this design temperature is descended (in Fig. 9, making " Tset-down " expression), and the temperature of switching chamber 200 is turned down.

In this case, increased the reliability that supercooling is removed,, also improved and freezed quality because the cooling velocity after removing is fast.In addition,,, make temperature decline in the supercooling box, freeze quickly, freeze quality and improve in cooling fast below-20 ℃ if as common IQF.(storage temperature of step 4) is set to freeze the back fully about food; Form-15 ℃ when setting, improve energy-efficient performance, even-5 ℃～-10 ℃ freezing preservations down with the temperature of first-class high temperature side; Because take out and to cut with cutter at once, also use easily from refrigerator.In addition, when setting, improved keeping quality as-15 ℃ of temperature with inferior low temperature.

Conclude the control action of the above control device 16 of refrigerator 1, form the flow chart of Figure 10.During by the supercooling button on the liquid crystal panel 5 that is pressed among Fig. 3, the accumulative total (step 1) of beginning supercooling time.At this; Confirm scope in advance from normal temperature to the time that arrives the supercooling temperature at 5 minutes～72 hours; It is desirable in 1 hour～24 hours scope,, make supercooling box inside automatically to the control (step 3) of low temperature side variations in temperature through (step 2) after this time.In addition, when not having temperature that illustrated thermistor detecting gate switch etc. is actual to be used to raise, form the only form of the time below the accumulative total set point of temperature.If judge that (step 4) then made the speed of design temperature, compressor 10 and the fan 2 of thermistor turn back to common value (step 5) when the cumulative time of step 2 shown in Figure 9 and step 3 arrived the stipulated time.

Switching chamber 200 as the cooling chamber that can make the food realization supercooling state of being taken in; Can in a plurality of temperature band such as refrigeration (about 3 ℃), ice temperature (about 0 ℃), soft freezing (-5 ℃ ,-7 ℃ ,-9 ℃ approximately), freezing (approximately below-17 ℃), switch; For these temperature; The control device 16 control and regulation air doors that are made up of the microcomputer on the top that is located at refrigerator body back side portion etc., compressor, pressure fan etc. switch setting to design temperature.Figure 25 representes to be located at an example of the display floater 5 on a surface.

Figure 25 is the figure of the display panels of expression embodiment of the present invention.In the drawings; The 5th, display floater; Be provided with: the case chamber selector switch 5a that selects any chamber in refrigerating chamber, vegetable compartment, refrigerating chamber and the switching chamber; Selection is to the adjustment of selected case chamber (storeroom) or the adjustment and the chilling switch 5b of IQF, selects supercooling freezing (instantaneous freezing) the switch 5c of supercooling freezing (instantaneous freezing), from common, transparent, quick and stop the ice making change-over switch 5d of selection ice-make mode.In addition, at this, freezing also can be described as of supercooling is used for instantaneous freeze instantaneous freezing.

In addition, also can on display floater 5, show case chamber (refrigerating chamber, refrigerating chamber, switching chamber, vegetable compartment, the supercooling chamber etc.) design temperature of each of each temperature band or present temperature.And then; When measuring the surface temperature of food temperature with non-contacting infrared ray sensor or thermoelectric element; If on display panels 5, show this food surface temperature of measuring (food temperature for example shown in Figure 9); Then the surface temperature of supercooling state or food comes into plain view, and the user of refrigerator need not to hold effluxion or opens the door and confirm which kind of degree food is cooled to, so be easily.

At this, when wanting to carry out IQF,, get into the IQF pattern through pushing continuously adjustment and chilling switch 5b stipulated time (3 seconds), carry out IQF.In addition, when wanting to carry out supercooling freezing (instantaneous freezing), through pushing supercooling freezing (instantaneous freezing) switch 5c, get into the supercooling pattern, it is freezing to carry out supercooling cooling or supercooling.And then, in the refrigerator of embodiment of the present invention, have the ice-making disc cleaning modes, if pushing the ice making change-over switch 5d stipulated time (about 5 seconds) continuously then gets into the ice-making disc cleaning modes, carry out the cleaning of ice-making disc.

The adjustment of selected case chamber (storeroom) is undertaken by adjustment and chilling switch 5b, in this embodiment temperature make with strong, in, the mode that shows of three weak levels.This temperature shows also directly display setting temperature on display floater 5.And then the design temperature of this cooling chamber can switch setting value in order by stages or continuously under the situation of the situation of setting the supercooling state for, the situation of removing the supercooling state and releasing and freezing preservation.The timer that this setting is switched according to setting in advance automatically switches to predefined each temperature by the time interval.

At this, through on the liquid crystal panel of being located on the door of refrigerating chamber 100 5, switch etc. being set, temperature that also can these settings of manual switchover.From the supercooling state release and then to the temperature of the cooling chamber 200 of freezing preservation; Do not have the design temperature of illustrated thermistor and the temperature of room temperature or detection food surface thereof to make it become the mode of setting value with detection, control with cold air guiding mechanisms such as dampers.In addition, certainly replace the thermistor of indoor temperature measurement to carry out the control of compressor or damper with the infrared ray sensor of measuring food temperature.

As stated; For the supercooling state,, make food become the supercooling state by the cold air that imports cooling chamber if carry out the setting of the temperature of refrigerating chamber or cooling chamber by the setting of first temperature; Then storing temperature is poor in advance; By the supercooling state of the low temperature derating food of temperature quotient of difference first temperature,, then adjust cold air so that freezing preservation food according to the 3rd temperature of setting with the change-over switch of refrigerator doors if judge the supercooling state of under the state of temperature of food surface, having removed.Like this; Owing to separate the temperature of the time interval or measurement food; Can change first design temperature, second design temperature and the 3rd design temperature in order; So through to be stored in the such simple structure adjustment cold air of software on the microcomputer, the utmost point low temperature of not carrying out IQF or not becoming-60 ℃ of that kind also can be reached the freezing preservation that can realize the measured food product refrigeration of little energy matter.Under setting-up time situation at interval, both can be the time interval of storing in advance, also can be by liquid crystal panel 5 setting-up times on door surface.Thus, can handle as early as possible according to the difference of food.In addition, remove, can realize the in-depth of supercooling degree through the temperature judge of measuring food.

In addition; When the food of taking in becomes the supercooling state; As the temperature of set mechanism to take in the refrigerating chamber or the cooling chamber of food as first temperature setting of the temperature of in microcomputer, storing; Adjustment imports the air conditioning quantity of having set the cooling chamber of temperature with this first temperature, gets into the supercooling state, and continues this supercooling state.Then; Continue the supercooling state, through after the time of setting as the necessary time of supercooling; Supply with the cold air of low temperature, remove the supercooling state of food, with this food of having removed with the freezing preservation of the 3rd temperature of the temperature setting device setting that is located at a surface than first temperature.

Store the setting of first temperature in advance if be set at, then can so can set for to be independent of each other be simply with manually switching because of the 3rd temperature of setting.But, can be in advance change setting under the situation of first temperature also according to the kind of food, change temperature setting device door surface or the cooling chamber side that is located at refrigerator.The detected state of temperature of these temperature set status and food surface also can show on liquid crystal panel 5, can see that the demonstration limit changes design temperature in the limit.Setting for the 3rd temperature; Also can constitute the structure that changeable following temperature is led the territory; Promptly; Consider that the above long preservation of some months from-30 ℃ to-60 ℃ field, dark temperate zone, can utilize the weak cryogenic temperature of incisions such as cutter to lead the territory by fine ice crystal, people from-5 ℃ to-15 ℃, or the freezing storage temperature field wherein etc.

Carry out the temperature temperature that sensor detects when setting, becoming the mode that it switches the temperature band of setting, carry out the rotating speed, damper switch etc. of compressor by control device and connect the control of breaking off.As stated; Because first design temperature and the 3rd design temperature are set to be independent of each other and are; So according between storage life or utilize state; Or, change design temperature according to the time that continues necessary supercooling state or the overcooled degree of depth, thereby can carry out flexible freezing preservation according to the kind of time or the food taken in.

In addition,,, or infer by the elapsed time of the room temperature of the wall of cooling, can judge whether food becomes first temperature as the supercooling setting state by the sensor measurement room temperature that is located in the cooling chamber setting under the situation of the cooling chamber temperature of cooling indirectly.Can be reduced to the temperature of the cold air of indirect cooling than the low temperature of first temperature that becomes the food that is accommodated in cooling chamber the supercooling state, reduce wall surface temperature and remove supercooling.Perhaps, also can improve the rotating speed of the Air Blast fan in the airtight cooling chamber, improve food around wind speed, improve the pyroconductivity of food surface and remove supercooling.The Temperature Distribution of food surface inequality is more removed supercooling more easily.Open the opening of the cooling chamber that supercooling state release mechanism with the supercooling state of removing such food removed; Also can be by the said food of the freezing preservation of the indoor cold air of direct importing; Or at the state that keeps cooling indirectly or further reduce the temperature of wall; Or keeping, or the food in the freezing preserving chamber.With so simple structure, can carry out the freezing preservation of little energy.

Then the embodiment under the situation of non-two-layer box is described.Figure 11 is the side cut away view of the switching chamber 200 in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.Employing is same formation with Fig. 5 same-sign.The back side, chamber upside outlet 42 and the spaced walls 41a that regulates to the cold air distribution of the switching chamber of end face front side end face outlet 43 are switched in configuration in the wind path 41 of switching chamber, by the switch angular distribution cold air of damper 46.The 95th, measure and want device by the surface temperature of the freezing food of supercooling, for example be infrared ray sensor.

Be set in the end face 96 that switches chamber 200, become the surface temperature that can detect food.In addition, surface temperature measuring instrument 95 is arranged on the position that influences as the cold air that does not receive from end face blow-off outlet 43, for example nearby is arranged on the rear of end face 96 under the situation of side at end face 96 at blow-off outlet 43.In addition and since the cold air that forms by back side blow-off outlet 44 to the stimulation of food than blow-off outlet the last 43, so for detection easily by the food state that the cold air of blow-off outlet 44 forms, be arranged on the end face 96 of upper rear portion.

Then, to the cooling chamber that forms the food taken in the supercooling state, be that the supercooling control of supercooling chamber (supercooling box) describes.For the food that is accommodated in the supercooling box is implemented supercooling; The central temperature of the food in the supercooling box becomes the surface temperature that excessively reduces food before the chill point, detects the surface temperature of food with surface temperature measuring instrument 95 and cools off with the mode of the difference of minimizing central temperature and surface temperature with the mode that do not begin to freeze.For example, shown in figure 12, through half-open to spaced walls 41a position the switch angle of damper 46, the cold air that increases to blow-off outlet 43 distributes, and reduces the wind speed that flows into the cold air in the supercooling box.

In addition, the distance of flowing through in the wind path 41 through lengthening improves cold air temperature, and is higher than the cold air that flows into from the blow-off outlet 42 near damper 46 from the cold air temperature of blow-off outlet 43, has the sharply effect on cooling food surface.The switching chamber design temperature of this moment is higher than the design temperature of common refrigerating chamber.Before central temperature arrives chill point, carry out above-mentioned cooling, if judge the surface temperature that becomes the arrival chill point, then cooling fast is so that reduce the minimum point of arrival of food temperature.This is because the temperature below the chill point becomes labile state, so when reducing the temperature of food lentamente, the cause that under the high state of the arrival temperature of supercooling state, might remove fully.

Thus; Temperature at surface temperature measuring instrument 95 becomes under the situation of judging the temperature that arrives chill point; To improve rotation speed of the fan, increase the cold air that flows into the supercooling box, or standard-sized sheet damper 46 (state of the damper 46 of Figure 11) increases the cold air influx; Reduce the mode of minimum point of arrival temperature, carry out temperature control.It is identical with the temperature setting that is cooled to chill point to switch the chamber design temperature this moment, or reduces design temperature.When then food was removed supercooling, then the temperature of surface temperature measuring instrument 95 raise.This is a food during from the supercooling of supercooling state release, and then food temperature rises to chill point, and the phenomenon of generation ice-nucleus forms in food by the thermal energy of chill point and the difference that arrives the supercooling temperature (with the temperature corresponding thermal energy that rises).

Accept this judgement and make cold air flow into the supercooling chamber, carry out temperature control with the mode of freezing fully.Make damper 46 standard-sized sheets, improve rotation speed of the fan, compressor rotary speed, formation can flow into the more cold air of low temperature.It is lower than typical temperature that switch the chamber design temperature this moment.Like this food arrive chill point, from chill point arrive that supercooling minimumly reaches a temperature, removes supercooling, each stage of freezing fully changes continuously or by stages and sets control.For example, the cold air temperature, cold air air quantity, the cold air wind speed that are sent to the supercooling box are controlled, formed the supercooling state reliably, reduce the minimum arrival temperature of its supercooling, remove supercooling, improve the freezing speed after removing, realize the freezing of high-quality.

In addition, under the situation that the temperature through certain hour, surface temperature measuring instrument 95 does not descend from chill point, judge that its food does not produce supercooling (supercooling failure); From the chill point phase transformation; Get into frozen state, can quick freezing mode control temperature equally, to keep the mode of freezing quality of food as far as possible with the temperature control of removing after the supercooling; Even be not the freezing of process supercooling state, also can form finer ice crystal.For the temperature of not failing control, under the situation of chill point, for example meat all by carrying out temperature control as-1 ℃ of chill point, food be cooled to central temperature equably, to-1 ℃ chill point.

Then; Be controlled at the temperature setting about-4 ℃～-7 ℃; Since reduce supercooling arrive temperature, the minimum point of arrival temperature of supercooling do not descend below chilling temperature, so under wanting to drop to than the situation below the chill point-3 ℃, be necessary to cool off in the temperature below-4 ℃.At this, when becoming too low temperature, owing to can not make the low state release supercooling of minimum arrival temperature, so become-7 ℃.For removing supercooling, the minimum point of arrival of supercooling arrives-3 ℃ (with forming the same effect of supercooling state more than 5 seconds) of chill point, then implements to be used to remove overcooled control and releasing.After removing supercooling,, be controlled to be frozen food soon through chilling control.Preserve in the mode of preserving, available cutter cuts simply under the situation of food (-5 ℃～-10 ℃ preservations); In chilling; Can not become the mode of cutting not open with saved food, can not dropping to mode below-10 ℃ to food temperature, to carry out temperature control be desirable.So long as the cryogenic temperature band, then should necessity, carry out chilling at low temperature more.

In addition, though under the wind speed circlet border of free convection etc. supercooling state and the minimum arrival temperature of supercooling, can realize by the temperature control of stage; But the control with wind speed, cold air temperature also can obtain same effect, and then uses the chilling of the situation of switching the chamber to control for chilling or by freezing setting, in free convection; Can not obtain cooling velocity, relative therewith, under the such situation that flows directly into cold air of present embodiment, can form chilling; And then; Through setting keeping or removing of supercooling state with the time interval, realize shortening the supercooling cooling time, improve freezing quality; Can effectively utilize space and the relative cooling chamber that carries out the freezing food of supercooling and not carry out mixing of overcooled food etc., can form wide scope utilization.In the above-described embodiments,, implement together, also can obtain same effect by control cold air air quantity, cold air wind speed such as lids though peristome is not provided with lid etc. above the supercooling box.At this moment, there is no need to cover the top peristome fully, also can be the scope of controlled refrigeration gas air quantity, cold air wind speed by lid.

Then, to describing the situation of the epimere box that constitutes bilevel ConvertBox 201 as the supercooling box.Figure 13 is the side cut away view of the switching chamber 200 corresponding with Fig. 5 in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.Shown in figure 13, the epimere box that constitutes bilevel ConvertBox 201 as supercooling box 40.Supercooling box 40 is arranged on the rear of switching chamber end face blow-off outlet 43, the structure that becomes slidingtype to pull out.According to this structure, because come the not direct contacted cooling box of the cold air of adaptive switched chamber end face blow-off outlet 43 40 inside and be accommodated in food wherein, so can make temperature maintenance in stable state.

Figure 14 is and the vertical view that switches the passage 50 that chamber end face blow-off outlet 43 is connected.In order to cool off supercooling box 40 better, also can be formed in the way of passage 50 and offer hole 51, the structure that the cold air that flows through passage 50 is fallen naturally.

When using the supercooling box of Figure 13, pull out ConvertBox 201, pull out freestanding supercooling box 40.Owing to only pull out supercooling box 40 in use, has the advantage that the temperature of supercooling box 40 when using switching chamber 200 is difficult to rise.In addition, be arranged on the top of switching chamber 200 to supercooling box 40, have the size that does not change existing ConvertBox, the advantage that can append new box.

Then, the structure to the supercooling box describes.Figure 15 is the structural map of the supercooling box in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.At this, cover the top be located at the ConvertBox 201 in the switching chamber 200 with cover 60, the integral body of ConvertBox 201 as the supercooling box.Figure 15 is that the integral body of ConvertBox 201 is covered by lid 60, its whole example that forms the supercooling box.In addition, also can be provided with at interval and cover parts spaced apart, only make the structure of using the part of covering 60 coverings as the supercooling box with cover 60 vertical or horizontal in the inside of ConvertBox 201.

Because cover 60 and become and directly be not blown into cold air in the space of supercooling box being provided with, so become cooling fully indirectly in the box.In addition, almost there is not temperature change in the supercooling box that forms like this, and then, it is realized with least cost.In addition, get into cooling in the box, for example make cold air or refrigerant circulation wait cooling wall to form the radiation cooling at pars intramuralis through not making wind, if utilize this radiation cooling, also can be not covering 60 box as the supercooling box.

Then, the structure that fan is set in switching the chamber is described.Figure 16 is the side cut away view of the switching chamber 200 corresponding with Fig. 5 in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.Shown in figure 16, in this embodiment, fan (switching the chamber fan) 70 is set on the top of switching chamber 200.Constitute according to this,,,, can keep air themperature even so need not improve cooling velocity because can stir the air that switches in the chamber 200 lentamente through the effect of fan 70.In supercooling box 40, put into big food sometimes, but in this constitutes, under this situation, can eliminate the whole inhomogeneous cooling of food, can stably produce supercooling.Supercooling box 40 also can be arranged on any part of switching in the chamber 200, and both ConvertBox 201 formed independently box relatively, perhaps also can be used as supercooling box 40 to ConvertBox 201 integral body.

Then, the formation that constitutes the supercooling box in supercooling space in the bottom configuration of switching indoor ConvertBox is described.Figure 17 is the side cut away view of the switching chamber 200 of the corresponding diagram 5 in the embodiment 1 of the present invention, and Figure 18 is the stereogram of the supercooling box that in this embodiment, uses, and Figure 19 is expression to the figure by the inflow cold air of the supercooling box of this embodiment.Shown in figure 17, the bottom configuration of the ConvertBox 201 in switching chamber 200 constitutes the supercooling box 81 in supercooling space.Around switching chamber 200, be provided with and switch chamber wind path 41, in addition, be provided with and eject three blow-off outlets, that is, switch the back side, chamber upside blow-off outlet 42, switching chamber back underside blow-off outlet 44 and switch chamber end face blow-off outlet 43 from the cold air of cooler 3.

In addition, at the inlet portion that switches chamber wind path 41 damper 46 of regulating the air conditioning quantity that is sent to switching chamber 200 is set.Shown in figure 18, at the supercooling box 81 of this use, formation flows into the otch 90 of the cold air of adaptive switched chamber back underside blow-off outlet 44 at the box back side, forms the slit 91 of discharging from the cold air of otch 90 inflows in the box front.For the cold air from cooler 3 is flowed with direction shown in the arrow of Figure 19 in supercooling box 81, when removing supercooling, it is desirable adjusting its flow with damper 46 flow adjusters such as grade when supercooling.In addition, form to flow into otch or the opening of cold air at the box back side, form the slit of discharging the cold air that is flowed into or the formation of opening in the box front, also be applicable to any the supercooling box in the embodiment 1.

Below, the supercooling control of the refrigerator in the embodiment that utilizes supercooling box 81 1 that Figure 17, Figure 18 are represented describes.Figure 20 is the time flow chart of this supercooling control example of expression.For supercooling is accommodated in the food in the supercooling box 81; The central temperature of the food in being accommodated in supercooling box 81 surpasses chill point, reach (step 1) before the supercooling state; Make actions such as compressor 10, fan 2 and damper 46, reach the air themperature of for example in-2 ℃～-20 ℃ scope, selecting so that switch in the chamber 200.In addition, also can be that compressor 10 or fan 2 are controlled by the temperature of other case chamber, only the switch by damper 46 carries out temperature control.

At this, make damper 46 standard-sized sheet/complete shut-down repeatedly as usually.Then, arrive (step 2) when can remove overcooled food central temperature, the aperture of half-open damper 46 makes cold air mainly flow into supercooling box 81 sides.As the half-open angle of damper 46, so long as give just passable with the angle of the horizontal vector of air-flow.It is desirable to the angle of 10 degree～60 degree.The time of half-open damper 46 get and remove supercooling after, up to the time of freezing fully ( step 2,3).(standard-sized sheet/standard-sized sheet damper 46 is returned repeatedly in the control of step 4) as common between the storage life after food freezes fully.

Sum up the above-mentioned control action of refrigerator 1, shown in the flow chart of Figure 21.After the beginning supercooling control, the accumulative total (step 51) of the time of beginning step 1.Then, whether determining step 1 has passed through the stipulated time (step 52), and half-open damper 46 when judgement arrives the stipulated time begins to add up the time (step 53) of step 2.Then, whether determining step 2 has passed through the stipulated time (step 54), and standard-sized sheet damper 46 returns common control (step 55) when judgement arrives the stipulated time.

When obtaining the control of supercooling state, owing to almost do not flow into the cold air of supercooling box 81, so can form stable supercooling state; And; Because nearly all cold air only flows into supercooling box 81 when removing supercooling,, produce reliably and freeze so remove supercooling.And then, also have when removing supercooling the advantage that the air themperature of ConvertBox 201 almost there is not influence.In addition, in switching chamber 200, also can or regulate air quantity and regulate amount of cooling water through change damper 46 apertures, positive actions be to suppress the air themperature change.

Figure 22 is the profile when the indoor supercooling box 202 that the formula of establishing in addition with cover that supercooling uses is set of the switching of the refrigerator of Fig. 3.At this, be arranged on supercooling box 202 to make and cross the position above the supercooling box 202 from the cold airflow of blow-off outlet 203.In addition, Figure 23 is illustrated in the figure that the state of supercooling box 202 is set in the ConvertBox 201.Like this, making advantage under the situation of the formula of establishing in addition box with cover to supercooling box 202 is to take in around that the food in the supercooling box 202 also are difficult to influenced by it under the different product situation of state of temperature.

In addition, also can put into heat-insulating material, in this case, be difficult to accept influence, have to produce stable overcooled advantage from the cold air of blow-off outlet 203 at the cover of supercooling box 202.In addition; Owing to exist temperature inequality to become the situation of removing overcooled main cause through directly being blown into the cold air generation; So one one of lid or all also can use the good parts of heat conductivity, concern the position of the quantity of blow-off outlet and shape, blow-off outlet and the lid of position, outlet the temperature inequality scope that is designed to be positioned at regulation.The uneven scope of the temperature of regulation is in the 10K, it is desirable in the 5K, and better is in the 2K.

In addition, in above-mentioned all embodiments of having explained, when a part of or whole employing heat of ConvertBox or supercooling box is conducted material (for example, the metallic plate of stainless steel, aluminium, copper etc.) well, can make the temperature in the box even.As duplex, also can make temperature even.In addition, but when making the box of the heat-storage agent that is provided with absorbing food product thermal capacity, further cripetura supercooling cooling time then.

More than, to remove the time in period be that the control that carry out on the basis is illustrated to have write down supercooling at micro computer etc. in advance, following to judging that supercooling removes the additive method in period and describe.As explaining, in order to deepen the supercooling state, when continuing to reduce the temperature of cooling chamber, for example automatically produce the probability that supercooling removes under than-10 ℃ of low situation and uprise.Because food temperature uprises, then can differentiate when producing releasing automatically.Produced automatically terminate or the situation of compulsory commutation under, can confirm releasing period with sensor measurement.Judge is removed and can be used infrared ray sensor, ultrasonic sensor, electric-field sensor etc. overcooled period, can judge the state of supercooling article.

Using under the infrared ray sensor situation, infrared ray sensor is arranged on the wall in the space that is provided with the supercooling box, makes by movable and can see integral body in the box, or make sensor array, also can see in the box whole.As the position is set, see the supercooling box through for example being arranged on switching 200 back sides, chamber from oblique upper, can see integral body.When getting into the supercooling pattern, infrared ray sensor detects the food surface temperature in the supercooling box, can detect the variation of the surface temperature of food.Know releasing easily by this variation.

And then, calculate the central temperature of food according to the surface temperature that is detected, in addition; The central temperature of calculating of this food is the temperature of representing in above-mentioned supercooling condition; And, judge to reach when preestablishing the temperature that is stored in micro computer etc., can apply the stimulation that supercooling is removed.Thus, but the time of cripetura supercooling state.Certainly, also there is the little situation of difference of surface temperature and central temperature,, and then can reduces chilling temperature, in-depth supercooling degree even judge that preferentially the time-temperature difference that the control time reach setting removes at interval is also little.Like this, utilize surface temperature measurement, complex judging is become simple.

Under the situation of using ultrasonic sensor, the contacted cooling box of ultrasonic sensor.Ultrasonic sensor is made up of hyperacoustic emission part and the acceptance division that receives its back wave.If where the position all can in the place of the Men Shiyu box contact of closing the supercooling box etc. if being set; For example through on the sensor pedestal, spring being set switching 200 back sides, chamber, make distribution length reduce cost and can contact with box reliably when switching the chamber closing for the shortest.When getting into the supercooling pattern, the food emission ultrasonic wave of ultrasonic sensor in the supercooling box.

Ultrasonic wave be owing to can propagate in contact material, thus contact with box through sensor, in being accommodated in box with material that box contacts in also propagate ultrasound waves.At this moment, with do not freeze at food or overcooled state under moisture compare when existing with liquid, when removing supercooling and generating ice crystal, ultrasonic wave is propagated easily, the ultrasonic wave of vibration arrives speeding up of acceptance division.Moisture owing to the difference from this time difference or spread speed can detect the supercooling releasing the food begins to freeze, so can be transferred to the control of removing after the supercooling.

Under the situation of using electric-field sensor, electric-field sensor is set in the supercooling space.The electrode part of electric-field sensor so long as metal which type of shape all can.For example, on interior case of sticking on refrigerator simply etc., so long as the paper tinsel shape just can be pasted along the concavo-convex of interior case.Through making than thick tabular of paper tinsel, the electrode of less breakage in the time of can obtaining installing.In addition, also can be contactless, so long as the wall of refrigerator where be arranged on all can, even and the material wanting to measure between have other materials for example plastic plate etc. also can measure.Feasible output changes electric-field sensor by the inner dielectric constant of food is different.With do not freeze at food or overcooled state under moisture compare when existing with liquid, remove supercooling, when generating ice crystal,,, can be transferred to the control after supercooling is removed so utilize this to judge that supercooling removes period because dielectric constant reduces significantly.

In addition, beyond the device of stating in the use, also can directly measure the temperature of food with thermometer, period is removed in the judgement supercooling, applies the stimulation that supercooling is removed.Thermometer is connected with refrigerator with distribution, and front end is wire-shaped.When putting into the supercooling box to food, the user inserts thermometer in wanting to measure the food of temperature.Thus, owing to can measure the food temperature inside, so can directly be familiar with the supercooling temperature that whether reaches regulation.In that food is inner when arriving sufficient supercooling temperature, can be transferred to be used to remove overcooled control.

Then, to be not above-mentioned explained pass through to reduce temperature or import the supercooling that cold air forms remove, but other supercooling release method describes.As other supercooling release method, for example there is pair supercooling box to apply the method for vibration, or applies method of sound wave etc.As giving and the method for vibration, the method for useful machinery is utilized the method etc. of the vibration of the action equipment in the refrigerator.In addition, only cool off the supercooling box when being used to remove supercooling, do not reduce the another kind of method of the temperature of ConvertBox, for example have surrounding wall that heater is set in advance, the method for only the ConvertBox side being heated with heater when removing supercooling at ConvertBox.And then, for example there is surrounding wall that heater is set in advance at the supercooling box, in supercooling, connect the heater that the supercooling box is heated, the method for when removing supercooling, breaking off etc.In addition, not necessarily must carry out supercooling removes.Also can keep the supercooling state, intactly take in.

More than, relevant with embodiment of the present invention, method that the structure in supercooling space, supercooling releasing are judged period and supercooling release method etc. are illustrated, and describe at following store method after supercooling is removed.

After removing supercooling, under the situation of the freezing preservation of scope more than-10 ℃, can maintain the state that also available cutter cuts quickly after freezing.Through through the freezing of supercooling state, because the inner ice crystal of food becomes tiny, so have the advantage of comparing easy incision when freezing usually.In addition, the storage temperature band is owing to be below the chill point, so degree long preservation that can be about two weeks.

After removing supercooling; Under the situation that-10 ℃～-15 ℃ scopes are preserved; Ice crystal generates big needle-like in common freezing method, and freeze the back and can not cut with cutter, but in mode of the present invention; Since tiny at the inner ice crystal that forms of food, so obtain the advantage that available cutter cuts state.In addition, for also can two between storage life week above about one month long preservation.

When the temperature band after removing supercooling below-15 ℃ is preserved; Freezingly can preserve about one month equally with common; And, since ice crystal tiny, be difficult to destroy food cell, can feel the measured taste of matter, food sense etc. so compare with the common food that was frozen.

There is the method a case chamber switching temperature in mechanism as above-mentioned change storage temperature.In addition, for supercooling is freezed,, when preserving, also can move to the case chamber of low cryogenic temperature band with the case chamber of high cryogenic temperature band.As high freezing degree band is the temperature band than-15 ℃ high, is the temperature band below-15 ℃ as low cryogenic temperature band.

In addition, during through the supercooling state freezing, because the ice crystal of food inside is with little granular formation, so the rate height that freezes promptly is even freezing storage temperature is lower than existing, also can cut with cutter quickly.Promptly be, prolonged with cutter etc. and can cut between the storage life of state to have the advantage that obtains high-quality cryogenic temperature band with new function.

In addition, explained that the supercooling space as cooling chamber is positioned at the situation of switching chamber 200, but the supercooling space also can be located at refrigerating chamber 100, refrigerating chamber 300, the vegetable compartment 400 of the refrigerator among Fig. 3, arbitrary part of ice-making compartment 500.In addition, also can be used as the supercooling space to these indoor all or part of.And then the supercooling space also can be formed on the independently confined space of cryogenic temperature band.At this, under any circumstance, or constitute in the supercooling space or the food that is accommodated in does not here directly contact the structure of strong cold air, or form air conditioning quantity in the scalable entering supercooling space, this is desirable.

Refrigerator of the present invention, the part of the pattern through changing general refrigerator can obtain implementing the freezing refrigerator of supercooling.In addition, be illustrated, consider the present invention with cold storage warehouse in large-scale utmost point low temperature business with the center of being configured to of domestic refrigerator; Can constitute the control below utilizing; For example after taking in food, drop to chill point to temperature with the cooling velocity of regulation, object food is carried out temperature is little by little descended and keeping overcooled cooling with the air-flow that it is good that high cryogenic temperature is utilized overall distribution; The back directly blows to food to low temperature more at the appointed time; IQF and remove supercooling, thereafter with than forming the low temperature of supercooling state temperature, the cryogenic temperature about for example-18 ℃ is preserved.Thus, can realize energy-conservation significantly.

And then, effectively, in as the polarstream of refrigerator, in transporting food products, get into the supercooling state, keep the supercooling state, remove supercooling to the direct victual of the cold air of lower temperature, can carry out freezing preservation.Promptly be, under the situation of meat or fish etc., because very close to each other and fill moisture at each cell and iuntercellular; Be equivalent to container of filling water very close to each other, thus the releasing supercooling that does not form in transit because of vibration, and; Take in the food of normal temperature, with only low temperature cooling, final cryogenic temperature also need not be like the extremely low temperature of-60 ℃ grades of business with deep freezer; Be that cryogenic temperature about-20 ℃ gets final product at most, thus energy do not used as transport vehicle, and; To utilizing haulage time to carry out energy-conservation the working before and after the transportations such as supercooling is freezing, mail to the deliver goods place to the good food of freezing quality.

In addition; Implement the freezing food of supercooling at refrigerator of the present invention, since slow in the cooling velocity that forms the supercooling state, so after temperature drops to food inside equably; Begin to form ice crystal simultaneously; Ice crystal in that a part produces can all be grown up, and in the size decreases of the inner ice crystal that forms of food, can keep food quality.The relation of representing the size of the ice crystal that cooling velocity and food are inner at Figure 24.Can find out the big more tendency of size from Figure 24 with the faster ice crystal that then forms of cooling velocity in food inside.

Refrigerator of the present invention is owing to have refrigerating chamber, cooling chamber, temperature set mechanism and a cold air guiding mechanism, and this refrigerating chamber is used from the cold air of cooler circulation and can adjusted continuously or by stages from 0 ℃ of temperature to the cryogenic temperature band the temperature of the food taken in; The input of this cooling chamber blows out and sucks the cold air of cooler from the cold air blow-off outlet of refrigerating chamber, even food is maintained in the supercooling state that the temperature below the chill point does not also freeze, is configured in the refrigerating chamber; The temperature that this temperature set mechanism is set refrigerating chamber is below-2 ℃ and more than-15 ℃, reaches the supercooling state so that preserve in the food of cooling chamber; This cold air guiding mechanism is adjusted at and blows out in the refrigerating chamber and be taken into the cold air to cooling chamber; To suppress to be accommodated in the food wind speed on every side in the cooling chamber; Keeping to preserve in the food of cooling chamber becomes the supercooling state, like this, can realize energy-conservation high-quality freezing.

Refrigerator of the present invention has refrigerating chamber, cooling chamber and gap, and this refrigerating chamber is by from the freezing food of taking in of the cold air of cooler; This cooling chamber is taken into from the cold air blow-off outlet of refrigerating chamber and blows out and be inhaled into the cold air of cooler, becomes the supercooling state that the temperature below the chill point does not also freeze even keep the food of storage, is configured in the refrigerating chamber; Cooling chamber is made up of the downside box that the upside box that is configured in refrigerating chamber covers, and simultaneously, this gap is located between upside box and the downside box, is taken into cold air; The gap towards with the different direction opening of flow direction of the cold air that in refrigerating chamber, flows because the size in gap is about 10mm～30mm, so available simple structure realizes that energy-conservation high-quality is freezing.

Refrigerator of the present invention has supercooling chamber, cold air guiding mechanism and supercooling cancel system, even this supercooling chamber is by keeping the food taken in from the cold air of cooler for below the chill point and the supercooling state that also do not freeze of the design temperature more than-15 ℃; This cold air guiding mechanism can change the temperature that is blown out to the indoor cold air in the supercooling indoor circulation of supercooling; This supercooling cancel system is removed the supercooling state of food by the cold air of cold air guiding mechanism to the food supply that is accommodated in the supercooling chamber and is in the supercooling state temperature about than low 2 degree of design temperature～5 degree; Owing to have these, so can obtain the measured frozen food of matter simply.

The temperature set mechanism of setting refrigerating chamber of the present invention or cooling chamber temperature; When cooling is accommodated in the food of normal temperature of cooling chamber; Owing to be made as the scope of-3.5 ℃/hr～-10 ℃/hr to the surface temperature of food in the cooling velocity that is reduced to 0 ℃ scope from 3 ℃, so can get into the supercooling state reliably.

At the cold air blow-off outlet that blows out cold air to refrigerating chamber of the present invention or cooling chamber, be taken into being taken into mouthful of cold air and cold air blow-off outlet and be taken into the cold air guiding mechanism that adjustment cold air is set in any at least of wind path between the mouth to cooling chamber; By cold air guiding mechanism adjustment cold air; The food wind speed on every side that will be in the supercooling state suppresses for about 0.1m/s～0.5m/s, so can keep the supercooling state.

Cold air guiding mechanism of the present invention constitutes the suitable wind path length of depth of repeatedly bending or setting and said cooling chamber at cold air blow-off outlet and the said wind path that is taken between the mouth; Perhaps; It is about 1.0m/s～1.2m/s that the cold air that this cold air guiding mechanism will be blown out to said refrigerating chamber or said cooling chamber by damper suppresses at the wind speed of said cold air blow-off outlet, can keep the supercooling state thus.

The temperature set mechanism of setting refrigerating chamber of the present invention or cooling chamber temperature; Below the chill point that is set at food and the temperature of the refrigerating chamber of the cryogenic temperature band more than-17 ℃ or cooling chamber as the temperature chill point of food; Under the situation about becoming below the predefined temperature or food storage under the situation through the stipulated time behind the cooling chamber; Owing to descend about 1 ℃～2 ℃ to the design temperature of refrigerating chamber to deepen the supercooling states of food, so can improve the freezing quality of food.

Cold air guiding mechanism of the present invention; When the food of storage is the supercooling state; Because changing the amplitude of fluctuation that forms to the state of cooling through food ambient air temperature is adjusted in 10 ℃; Or be adjusted to the inner air themperature inequality of cooling chamber in 2 ℃, so can keep the supercooling state.

Take in behind the food process certain hour of the present invention or the thermal shocking of detection food; Owing to give the physical impact with temperature, vibration, ultrasonic wave etc. to the food in the refrigerating chamber or in the cooling chamber; Remove supercooling; Preserve or IQF with predefined cryogenic temperature, so can improve the freezing quality of food.Because removing, this supercooling can be undertaken, so can simply carry out by directly importing cold air to cooling chamber.

Freezing and storing method of the present invention; Employed refrigerator has cooling chamber and cold air guiding mechanism, even this cooling chamber is by keeping the food taken in from the cold air of cooler below the chill point and the also nonfreezing supercooling state of the design temperature more than-15 ℃; This cold air guiding mechanism can change the temperature that in cooling chamber, blows out at the cold air of supercooling indoor circulation, wherein, has the step that is accommodated in food in the cooling chamber of setting for more than-15 ℃; By the cold air guiding mechanism carry out certain hour adjustment so that the temperature in the cooling chamber more than-10 ℃ or the step of the wind speed in the cooling chamber below 0.5m/s; Be in the direct cold air than the temperature of low about 2 ℃～5 ℃ of design temperature, the step of releasing food supercooling state supplied with of supercooling state food to being accommodated in cooling chamber; Thus, can be formed under the such situation of vehicle of freezing vehicle with refrigerator, with in the way of spended time arrival in transit or where necessary with few energy, various business system of the measured freezing preservation food supply of matter destination etc.

In addition, the refrigerator of above-mentioned embodiment owing to be cooling indirectly, so can reduce the food drying that forms because of direct blast-cold gas, can suppress excessively chill when forming the supercooling state.In addition, compare with existing IQF, the cooling velocity of essential condition is slow when making as formation supercooling state, so temperature change is few, cooling food is whole equably.

In addition; The refrigerator of above-mentioned embodiment; Because the supercooling box contain the big material of the thermal capacity that can suppress variations in temperature or to contain the structure that flows directly into that suppresses to blow out air-flow is set; So can not receive the influence of temperature variation that forms because of the switch door, stable temperature of preserving in the supercooling box.

In addition, the refrigerator of above-mentioned embodiment owing to only when removing supercooling, change temperature at low temperature side, is controlled at Min. so can make to the influence with existing space such as ConvertBox, can and with the space or the box of the temperature band that is set in other.

In addition; The refrigerator of above-mentioned embodiment can carry out in the temperature of (for example-5 ℃ below) below-2 ℃ owing to remove supercooling, compares with the IQF as the overcooled method of releasing of existing examples of implementation; Because can reduce the energy expenditure amount, energy-efficient performance is good.

In addition, the refrigerator of above-mentioned embodiment can select soft freezing and long preservation with freezing etc., so have advantage easy to use to removing storage temperature after the supercooling by actual behaviour in service.

Refrigerator of the present invention has: set cooling chamber temperature, make food be in the first temperature set mechanism of supercooling state by the cold air that imports cooling chamber; The second temperature set mechanism with the supercooling state of the temperature derating food lower than the temperature of the cooling chamber of setting by the said first temperature set mechanism; The 3rd temperature set mechanism of freezing preservation food after removing the supercooling state; Because can be at interval or measure the temperature of food and order changes the temperature of setting the first temperature set mechanism, the second temperature set mechanism and the 3rd temperature set mechanism, so available simple structure, carry out freezing preservation with few energy at a distance from certain hour.

Refrigerator of the present invention has: the first temperature set mechanism, supercooling state release mechanism and the 3rd temperature set mechanism, and this first temperature set mechanism is set the temperature of cooling chamber, makes food be in the supercooling state with the cold air that imports cooling chamber; This supercooling state release mechanism uses the cold air of the temperature lower than the temperature of the cooling chamber of being set by the first temperature set mechanism to remove the supercooling state of food; The food that the freezing preservation of the 3rd temperature set mechanism is removed by supercooling state release mechanism; Because it is irrelevant that the temperature of the cooling chamber of being set by the 3rd temperature set mechanism can be set at the temperature of the cooling chamber of being set by the first temperature set mechanism, so can carry out flexible freezing preservation.

Refrigerator of the present invention has: the first temperature set mechanism, supercooling state release mechanism and the 3rd temperature set mechanism, this first temperature set mechanism set cooling chamber temperature, be in the supercooling state to food by the chilled wall of cooling chamber; This supercooling state release mechanism imports than importing cooling chamber, making food be in the cold air of low temperature of the temperature of cold air of supercooling state or the wind speed faster than the wind speed around the food, removes the supercooling state of food; The 3rd temperature set mechanism is with the said food of the freezing preservation of cold air that imports the cooling chamber of having been removed by supercooling state release mechanism; Thus, available simple structure, carry out freezing preservation with few energy.

Can change the temperature set mechanism of setting with the cooling chamber temperature of the 3rd temperature set mechanism setting of the present invention owing to have, so can obtain kind, the good refrigerator easy to use of change storage temperature etc. according to food.

As described above; In the present invention; Have the origin self-configuring the cold air of the cooler of the refrigerator body of preserved food products take in food such as fish, meat, vegetables and fruit be set at design temperature below 0 ℃, in the supercooling chamber of supercooling state cooling; And being provided with control device, its central temperature that reaches at food becomes substantially solidification point (freezing some apparent freezing point) and uses before than 0 ℃ low, first temperature higher than design temperature the supercooling chamber is slowly cooled off; Reach in the central temperature of judging food under the situation of cardinal principle solidification point; With second temperature lower,, arrive the supercooling minimum temperature lentamente the supercooling chamber is cooled off even keep the supercooling state that below solidification point, does not also freeze than first temperature.

In addition; Control device of the present invention is brought up to the cardinal principle solidification point and is removed under the supercooling state status after placing the indoor food central temperature of supercooling slightly to hang down than solidification point; Low temperature strengthens cooling air quantity or cooling wind speed, the design temperature that is kept at quench cooled and freezes fully in second temperature or than second temperature.

Like this, in the present invention, arrive chill point at food, minimumly from the chill point to the supercooling reach a temperature, remove supercooling and each stage of freezing fully continuously or stage ground change and set control.For example, control becomes the supercooling state reliably to cold air temperature, cold air air quantity and the cold air wind speed of supercooling box, reduces the minimum arrival temperature of this supercooling, removes supercooling, improves the freezing speed after removing, and realizes the freezing of high-quality.

Therefore, refrigerator of the present invention, as the high-quality freezing function, owing to do not adopt existing IQF, and adopt the supercooling freezing function, thus available more freezing than the existing energy realization high-quality that lacks, can obtain and realize economic freezing effect.

In addition; Refrigerator of the present invention; In carrying out overcooled space, directly be blown into cold air through adopting to reduce, make temperature even, but stage ground changes temperature controlled, the new supercooling chamber structure or the supercooling chamber box structure of a plurality of chilling temperatures; Using with prior art does not have big refrigerator configurations and the control that changes, and obtains the freezing effect of supercooling that realizes food.

In addition; At refrigerator of the present invention, freezing and storing method because not only can realize that the energy-conservation high-quality in the domestic refrigerator is freezing; But also available simple structure and control do not make cytoclasis and the long-term frozen keeping; So be not only limited in the boats and ships of fishery harvesting article of professional extensive long-term carnivorous keeping with cold storage warehouse etc., deep-sea fishing freezing keeping etc., the field of the broad range such as medical research device of internal organ transportation in medical profession and processing cell etc. is useful.

Claims (9)

1. refrigerator is characterized in that possessing:

Cooler,

Receiving room, in this receiving room, flow into from the cold air of said cooler and

Control device; The cold air that this control device control flows in said receiving room; The temperature that is accommodated in the food in the said receiving room is descended by stages or continuously, even control the temperature of said receiving room so that form the supercooling state that the temperature of said food below chill point also do not freeze;

Said control device is controlled as follows; Promptly; The temperature of said food is descended, under the supercooling state, said food is kept the stipulated time, remove the supercooling state then; The air quantity or the wind speed of the cold air that flow into said receiving room are increased, said food quench cooled is freezed.

2. refrigerator is characterized in that possessing:

Cooler,

Receiving room flows into the cold air from said cooler in this receiving room,

Receiver, this receiver are to be configured in the box of taking in food in the said receiving room, restriction from the cold air influx of said cooler and

Control device; The cold air that this control device control flows in said receiver; The temperature that is accommodated in the food in the said receiver is descended by stages or continuously, even control the temperature of said receiver so that form the supercooling state that the temperature of said food below chill point also do not freeze;

Said control device is controlled as follows; Promptly; The temperature of said food is descended, under the supercooling state, said food is kept the stipulated time, remove the supercooling state then; The air quantity or the wind speed of the cold air that flow into said receiver are increased, said food quench cooled is freezed.

3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 refrigerator; It is characterized in that; Said control device is before the central temperature of said food reaches chill point; All to cool off receiving room or the receiver of taking in said food gradually than 0 ℃ low and first temperature higher than said predefined temperature; Reached in the central temperature of judging said food under the situation of chill point, even cool off gradually so that can keep the supercooling state that below chill point, does not also freeze by second temperature lower than said first temperature.

4. refrigerator as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that; Said control device is after said food becomes the supercooling state; Rise under the situation that chill point, supercooling state be disengaged in the central temperature of said food, take in the receiving room or the receiver of said food with the temperature quench cooled below said second temperature.

5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 refrigerator is characterized in that said supercooling state kept for 5 seconds at least.

6. refrigerator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in said receiving room, divides two sections ground that the upside box is set and as the downside box of said receiver.

7. refrigerator as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, between said upside box and said downside box, is provided with the gap.

8. like claim 6 or 7 described refrigerators, it is characterized in that, on the bottom surface of said upside box, dispose the parts of the air themperature change that suppresses in the said downside box.

9. according to claim 1 or claim 2 refrigerator is characterized in that, is provided with fan on the top of said receiving room.

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