CN1016293B - Folded dual-purpose demonstrator for pulleys and shafts - Google Patents
Folded dual-purpose demonstrator for pulleys and shaftsInfo
- Publication number
- CN1016293B CN1016293B CN 90108751 CN90108751A CN1016293B CN 1016293 B CN1016293 B CN 1016293B CN 90108751 CN90108751 CN 90108751 CN 90108751 A CN90108751 A CN 90108751A CN 1016293 B CN1016293 B CN 1016293B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- air bag
- lever
- wheel
- straight lever
- clamping plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a demonstration instrument in physics teaching, particularly to a folded dual-purpose demonstration instrument for pulley wheels and wheel shafts. Two semicircular connected air bags or a large wheel air bag and a small wheel air bag or a wheel air bag and a shaft air bag are clamped by a straight splint-shaped lever and are fixedly connected by locating pins, and a central shaft passes through the air bags and is movably connected with the air bags. The air bags are made of folded plastics or rubber films and are provided with air mouths and plugs. When the air bags are inflated, the straight lever can be changed into a polygonal lever, a semicircular lever, and finally a circular lever, so that students can visually understand that the pulley wheels and the wheel shafts are essentially a deformed lever rotating continuously.
Description
The present invention relates to the demonstrator on the physics teaching, particularly a kind of visual pattern ground shows that pulley, wheel shaft essence are a kind of devices of the distortion lever that can rotate continuously, promptly collapsible pulley, wheel shaft and dual-purpose demonstrator.
In junior physics class " pulley ", " wheel shaft " teaching, key is to allow students ' understanding pulley and their essence of wheel shaft be a kind of distortion levers that can rotate continuously.But do not have visual pattern ground explanation pulley, wheel shaft essence in the physics lesson is a kind of teaching aid of the distortion lever that can rotate continuously in the past.Therefore, the student is difficult to understand to this.For example: travelling block essence is that power arm is the lever of two times of resistance arms, and fulcrum is the contact point of rope and pulley, is an activity supporting point, and this is difficult to accept concerning the student really.
The purpose of this invention is to provide pulley, wheel shaft and dual-purpose demonstrator.It is collapsible pulley demonstrator.Collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator and collapsible wheel shaft, the pulley dual-purpose demonstrator makes the student unite the pulley that is difficult to grasp and wheel shaft with familiar straight lever, recognizes that intuitively pulley, wheel shaft essence are a kind of distortion levers of continuous rotation.
Collapsible pulley demonstrator is finished as follows: the air bag folding two semicircles fuse again, constitute straight lever with rectangular clamping plate, and air bag is clipped in the middle, its center flexibly connects with axle.Air bag is provided with valve and stopper, is used for clogging to airbag aeration and with stopper.Air bag is fixedlyed connected with directly also having register pin between the lever, central shaft one end is connected with frame fixation again, and in the framework upper end hook that hangs with extension is installed, and constitutes this device.
This pulley demonstrator demonstration situation is as follows: the gas in the air bag (being made by plastics or rubber diaphragm) that two semicircles are fused has again been arranged earlier, and its folded concealed in the straight lever of clamping plate shape, with rope it is hung up, open corresponding two stoppers of air bag respectively.Give airbag aeration with inflator.Air bag just launches from the upper and lower both sides of the straight lever of clamping plate shape respectively.Along with increasing of gas in the air bag, this device will develop into the polygon lever gradually from straight lever shape.Form the steamboat that periphery has groove, just circular lever-pulley at last.Clog corresponding valve with stopper then, to keep the steamboat shape that this periphery has groove.Be used for teaching and give student viewing.Otherwise, pull out the air bag stopper respectively, gas is discharged from air bag, the air bag atrophy is so develop into straight lever gradually from circular lever again.
Collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator is finished as follows: make steamboat air bag and bull wheel air bag with plastics or rubber diaphragm, two capsules connect together, and have air hole that two capsules are communicated.The straight lever of clamping plate shape is clipped in the middle big steamboat air bag, and fixedly connected with register pin.An axle resembles a step wheel on the whole by the straight lever of clamping plate shape, the central movable connection of steamboat air bag greatly.On two semicircle positions of big steamboat air bag, be provided with valve and the stopper that is used to charge and discharge gas.Because big steamboat air bag is to be made by flexible material and plastics or rubber diaphragm, so be folding.
Collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator demonstration situation is as follows: earlier the gas in the big steamboat air bag has been arranged, and with its folded concealed in the straight lever that is combined into by two clamping plate shapes.Then, be fixed up with the axle of iron stand this device.Give big steamboat airbag aeration with inflator, at this moment along with the increasing of the gas in the air bag, air bag launches from the upper and lower both sides of the straight lever of big plintlet shape respectively.Along with increasing this device, the gas in the air bag will develop into the polygon lever gradually from straight lever shape, forming bull wheel and steamboat at last is circular lever-wheel shaft, clog with the corresponding valve of stopper then air bag, to keep size wheel shape, otherwise, pull out two stoppers respectively, discharge the gas in the air bag, will develop into straight lever gradually from circular lever during the air bag atrophy.
Collapsible wheel shaft, pulley dual-purpose demonstrator are finished as follows: the air bag that two semicircles are connected together is clipped between the straight lever of clamping plate shape; The axle air bag that two semicircles connect together is clipped between the straight lever of plintlet shape, axle by wheel air bag, axle air bag and the straight lever of clamping plate shape the center and flexibly connect.On the wheel rim of wheel air bag an xsect being arranged is leg-of-mutton annular air-pocket, all is provided with valve and stopper on wheel air bag, axle air bag and annular air-pocket.Fixedly connected with register pin between wheel air bag, axle air bag, the straight lever of clamping plate shape.
The demonstration situation of collapsible wheel shaft, pulley dual-purpose demonstrator is as follows: when giving the whole airbag aeration of this demonstrator respectively with inflator, this device is collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator.If discharge earlier the gas in the axle air bag (or axle air bag and phase clamping plintlet lever of this device of dismantling) of this device and the annular air-pocket that the cross section is triangle respectively, and clog corresponding valve with stopper.At atmospheric pressure effect lower shaft air bag and xsect is that the annular air-pocket of triangle stashes atrophy, and the wheel airbag aeration to this device just becomes periphery to have the steamboat of groove again, clogs corresponding valve to keep the shape of wheel with stopper.And can just become collapsible pulley demonstrator around the central shaft rotation, so this device can dual-use material.
The present invention has following advantage: 1. the lever that pulley, wheel shaft come down to be out of shape is showed on visual pattern ground, quickens student's understanding: 2. simple in structure, easy to operate, can demonstrate various states.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the front view of collapsible pulley demonstrator;
Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of Fig. 1 along the A-A line;
Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of Fig. 1 along the B-B line;
Fig. 4-Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of collapsible pulley demonstrator different conditions when launching;
Fig. 4 represents straight lever;
Fig. 5 represents the polygon lever;
Fig. 6 represents semicircle lever;
Fig. 7 represents semicircle+polygon lever;
Fig. 8 represents circular lever;
Fig. 9 is the front view of collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator;
Figure 10 is the cut-open view of Fig. 9 along the C-C line;
Figure 11 is the cut-open view of Fig. 9 along the D-D line;
Figure 12-Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram of collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator different conditions when launching;
Figure 12 represents straight lever;
Figure 13 represents the polygon lever;
Figure 14 represents semicircle lever;
Figure 15 represents semicircle+polygon lever;
Figure 16 represents circular lever.
Figure 17 is the front view of collapsible wheel shaft, pulley dual-purpose demonstrator;
Figure 18 is the cut-open view of Figure 17 along the E-E line;
Figure 19 is the cut-open view of Figure 17 along the G-G line.
With reference to air bag (1), (3) that Fig. 1,2,3, two semicircles connect together again, make by plastics or rubber diaphragm, thereby can fold.Air bag (1) (3) is clipped in the centre of the straight lever of rectangular clamping plate shape (2), and central shaft (7) is by the center of air bag (1) (3) with the straight lever of clamping plate shape (2), and flexible connection.In order to make air bag (1) (3) be convenient to charge and discharge gas, be provided with valve (6) (8) and stopper (5) (9) thereon.Fixedly connected with register pin (4) between air bag (1) (3) and the straight lever (2).Then, central shaft (7) one ends are fixedlyed connected with framework (10).Have one to be used to hang the hook (11) that hangs in framework (10) upper end, be energy wiring after air bag (1) (3) is inflated, it is middle fluted that air bag (1) (3) makes wheel rim, the straight lever of clamping plate shape (2) transverse cross-sectional shape is similar to the transverse cross-sectional shape of air bag (1) (3), can be included in air bag (1) (3) in the rectangular clamping plate after two clamping plate close up.The straight lever of clamping plate shape (2) is made with plastics or metal.During demonstration, the gas in the air bag (1) (3) has been arranged, and treats after its atrophy its folded concealed in the straight lever (2) of clamping plate shape.With rope the pulley demonstrator is hung up, what find out shape such as clamping plate easily is straight lever (2), and as Fig. 4, fulcrum is at the O point, hinder for application point at the B point, power point is at the A point.Then with inflator with air bag (1) inflation, will launch from straight lever (2) top at the effect lower gasbag (1) of gas.Along with the gas in the air bag increases, this demonstrator will develop shape as Fig. 5 from straight lever shape as shown in Figure 4, become the polygon lever.Continue the semicircle lever shape that inflation then becomes Fig. 6.Use stopper (9) that valve (8) is clogged to keep semicircular in shape then.Then give air bag (3) inflation of folded concealed in straight lever (2) with inflator again, in like manner, air bag (3) launches from straight lever (2) is following, will develop into semicircle+polygon lever (figure (7)), and is last, forms circular lever (figure (8)).Stopper (5) is clogged valve (6), to keep the semi-circular shape of air bag (3).This device just becomes pulley like this, and from Fig. 4～Fig. 8, the dynamic action point that the student is easy to find out the figure lever is still at the A point, and drag effect point is still at the B point.When acting force F upwards drew, straight lever (2) just rotated around the O point, so the O point is the fulcrum of lever, it is the tangent place at rope and travelling block.When travelling block was mentioned the weight rising, fulcrum also will constantly move upward with the application point of resistance.But this moment fulcrum it all the time at the tangent O of the place point of rope and travelling block, so be an individual activity supporting point.Along with this demonstrator air bag (1) (3) rotates, straight lever (2) also and then rotates together.Observe the rotation process of this demonstrator and can find that revolution is moving in a flash, two ends, the demonstrator left and right sides can be regarded another straight lever again as figure (8) with contacted 2 the diameter OBA that O and A connected into of rope.Along with pulley constantly rotates, constitute in fact pulley countless many diameter OBA they will rotate and serve as so straight lever (2) and carry out work.Therefore, pulley can be regarded as by no several straight levers (2) and form.By such contrast demonstration and analysis, making students ' understanding is a circular lever that can rotate continuously that no several straight levers are formed to pulley essence.
Otherwise, open two air bag stoppers (5), (9) respectively, behind the gas in the discharge air bag (3), discharge the gas in another air bag (1) again.So this demonstrator develops into semicircle+polygon lever (figure (7)) by circular lever diagram 8, from semicircle+polygon lever (Fig. 7), develops into semicircle lever diagram 6; Develop into polygon lever diagram 5 from semicircle lever diagram 6 again and develop into straight lever diagram 4 at last.Along with reverse evolution, the student can clearly realize that more that pulley essence is a kind of distortion lever of continuous rotation.Fulcrum is the tangent O of the place point of rope and pulley.
The essence of fixed pulley is that bascule demonstration step repeats no more with travelling block is similar.
Behind this demonstrator lecture experiment, the student is mapped the knowledge that is difficult to grasp and understandable familiar straight lever compares, make the student be easy to understand fully: 1. fixed pulley essence is a bascule, so not laborsaving; 2. the fulcrum of travelling block must be at rope and pulley contact position O point.And not in the axle center of travelling block, be an activity supporting point.So travelling block essence is that power arm is the lever of resistance arm twice, can economize half power.
With reference to Fig. 9,10,11, collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator, steamboat air bag (12) is to be linked together by two semicircle air bags with bull wheel air bag (14), and air hole arranged, the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13) is clipped in bull wheel air bag (14), steamboat air bag (12) in the middle of it, fixedly connected with register pin (15), axle (18) is by the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13), steamboat air bag (12) and bull wheel air bag (14) center, and flexible connection.Valve (17) (19) is installed on two semicircle positions of bull wheel air bag (14) and is furnished with stopper (16) (20).Big steamboat air bag also is to adopt plastics or rubber diaphragm to make, and can fold.As shown in figure 11, the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13) is a strip, and the square section of retaining part is similar to the transverse cross-sectional shape of big ballonet and with its containing.Big ballonet is made an integral body.
Figure 12～Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram of collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator different conditions when launching.During demonstration axle (18) is fixed on the iron stand, as shown in figure 12, finds out that easily shape such as clamping plate are straight lever (13), fulcrum is at O
1, resistance point is at B
1, dynamic action point is at A
1The point.Give big steamboat air bag (12) inflation, at this moment folded concealed is upwards launched at the air bag (12) of the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13).Along with the gas in the air bag (12) increases, this demonstrator will develop into polygon lever Figure 13 from straight lever shape Figure 12, when being full of gas, then become the semicircle lever of step such as Figure 14.With stopper (20) valve (19) is clogged to keep air bag (12) semicircle.Inflate then for folded concealed big steamboat air bag (14) the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13) in, in like manner, air bag becomes polygon+semicircle lever (as Figure 15) with differentiation, be full of gas after, then develop into step circle lever such as Figure 16.Use stopper (16) that valve (17) is clogged to keep circular lever shape, so this device just becomes wheel shaft then.See that from Figure 16 the dynamic action point is at A
1On the point, drag effect point is at B
1Point, when tensile force f is done the time spent downwards, straight lever (13) is just around O
1Rotate, so O
1Point is the fulcrum of lever.Along with rotate large and small air bag (12), (14), straight lever (13) also and then rotates together.The rotation process that examines this device can find that revolution moves moment, and these two ends, demonstrator left and right sides are with contacted 2 B of rope
1And A
1Through axle center O
1Connecting line serves as another straight lever such as Figure 16 again, along with wheel shaft rotates, constitutes countless many diameter A of wheel shaft in fact
1O
1B
1Serve as so straight lever (13) and carry out work rotating.Therefore, wheel shaft can be regarded as by no several straight levers (13) and form.By such contrast, it is a circular lever of being made up of no several straight levers that can rotate continuously to wheel shaft that demonstration and analysis make students ' understanding.
Otherwise, open the stopper (16) (20) of air bag, discharge the gas in air bag (14), (12).So this device develops into polygon lever Figure 13 gradually by circular lever Figure 16, develop into straight lever Figure 12 from polygon lever Figure 13, be a kind of rotating lever continuously along with the reverse evolution student can clearly realize that wheel shaft essence.
With reference to Figure 17,18,19 collapsible wheel shafts, pulley dual-purpose demonstrator, be further improvement to collapsible pulley demonstrator and collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator.Can dual-use material.Reduce cost.The wheel air bag (21) (24) that is connected together by two semicircles is clipped between the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22); Equally, the axle air bag (23) (25) that two semicircles connect together is clipped between the straight lever of plintlet shape (28), use the logical wheel of axle (29) air bag (21), (24) then, the center of axle air bag (23) (25) and the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22) (28) also flexibly connects.On the wheel rim of wheel air bag (21) (24) xsect being arranged is leg-of-mutton annular air-pocket (26), on wheel air bag (21) (24), axle air bag (23) (25) and annular air-pocket (26), all be provided with valve (32), (34), (30), and is furnished with stopper (31) (33) (35), and wheel air bag (21), (24), fixedly connected between axle air bag (23) (25) and the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22), (28) with set screw (27), constitute wheel shaft, pulley dual-purpose demonstrator.
Annular air-pocket (26) cross sectional shape is a triangle, so the wheel rim cross section of wheel air bag (21) (24) also is a triangular groove.In the wheel rim that the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22) will be taken turns air bag (21) (24) is included in, in the straight lever of clamping plate shape (28) is included in the wheel rim of axle air bag (23) (25).Equally, straight lever (22) (28) is made by plastics or metal, and air bag (21) (24) (23) (25) is made by plastics or rubber diaphragm.
Give axle air bag (23) (25) respectively with inflator; Wheel air bag (21) (24); The cross section is annular air-pocket (26) inflation of triangle.Under the effect of gas, form bull wheel and steamboat.Clog corresponding valve (30) (32) (34) to keep large and small circle wheel shape with stopper (31) (33) (35) after being full of gas.So they and big plintlet shape lever (22) (28) are formed can be around common axle (29) rotation just becoming wheel spindle device.If exhaust earlier the gas in the axle air bag (23) (25) (or dismantle this device fixed screw (27) and axle air bag (23) (25) and plintlet shape lever (28) change length lack some fixed screws (27)) of this device and the annular air-pocket (26) that the cross section is triangle respectively.And clog corresponding valve (30), (32) with stopper (31), (33).In effect lower shaft air bag (23), (25) and the cross section of atmospheric pressure is the annular air-pocket (26) of triangle, and they are atrophy, and it is stashed.Just become periphery to have the steamboat of groove to the inflation of the wheel air bag (21) (24) of this device again, and clog corresponding valve (34) keeping the steamboat shape that periphery has groove, and can rotate around axle (29) with stopper (35).And allow the student look from Figure 19 left side side, just become collapsible pulley demonstrator.
Concrete demonstration step is respectively with reference to collapsible pulley demonstrator, and collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator is described part in detail, repeats no more here.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of collapsible pulley demonstrator is characterized in that the air bag (1) (3) that folding two semicircles fuse again, is clipped in the middle of the straight lever of rectangular clamping plate shape (2), is flexibly connected by central shaft (7).Valve (6), (8) and stopper (5), (9) air bag (1) (3) are arranged on the air bag (1) (3) and directly have register pin (4) to fixedly connected between the lever (2).
2, demonstrator according to claim 1, the wheel rim that it is characterized in that air bag (1) (3) is middle fluted, the straight lever of clamping plate shape (2) transverse cross-sectional shape is similar to air bag (1) (3) transverse cross-sectional shape, central shaft (7) one ends are fixedlyed connected with framework (10), have one to be used to hang the hook (11) that hangs in framework (10) upper end.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 said demonstrators, it is characterized in that straight lever (2) made by metal or plastics, air bag (1) (3) is made by plastics or rubber diaphragm.
4, a kind of collapsible wheel shaft demonstrator, it is characterized in that steamboat air bag (12) and bull wheel air bag (14) link together, and air hole arranged, the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13) is with bull wheel air bag (14), steamboat air bag (12) is clipped in the middle, fixedly connected with register pin (15), axle (18) is by the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13), steamboat air bag (12) and bull wheel air bag (14) center, and flexibly connect, on two semicircle positions of bull wheel air bag (14), be provided with valve (17), (19), and is furnished with stopper (16), (20), big steamboat air bag is collapsible.
5, according to the said demonstrator of claim 4, it is characterized in that straight lever (13) is a strip, the square section of retaining part is similar to the transverse cross-sectional shape of big ballonet and with its containing.
6, according to claim 4 or 5 said demonstrators, it is characterized in that the straight lever of clamping plate shape (13) made by plastics or metal, big steamboat air bag (12) (14) is made by plastics or rubber diaphragm.
7, a kind of collapsible pulley, wheel shaft dual-purpose demonstrator is characterized in that the wheel air bag (21) (24) that two semicircles connect together is clipped between the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22); The axle air bag (23) (25) that two semicircles connect together is clipped between the straight lever of plintlet shape (28), axle (29) is by wheel air bag (21) (24), the center of axle air bag (23) (25) and the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22) (28) also flexibly connects, on the wheel rim of wheel air bag (21) (24), an annular air-pocket (26) is arranged, at wheel air bag (21) (24), all be provided with valve (32) (34) (30) on axle air bag (23) (25) and the annular air-pocket (26), and is furnished with stopper (33) (35) (31), wheel air bag (21) (24), fixedly connected between axle air bag (23) (25) and the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22) (28) with register pin (27).
8, according to the said dual-purpose demonstrator of claim 7, the wheel rim cross section that it is characterized in that taking turns air bag (21) (24) is a triangular groove, in the wheel rim that the straight lever of clamping plate shape (22) will be taken turns air bag (21) (24) is included in, in the straight lever of clamping plate shape (28) was included in the wheel rim of axle air bag (23) (25), annular air-pocket (26) cross sectional shape was a triangle.
9, according to claim 7 or 8 said dual-purpose demonstrators, it is characterized in that straight lever (22) (28) made by plastics or metal, air bag (21) (24) (23) (25) is made by plastics or rubber pattern.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108751 CN1016293B (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | Folded dual-purpose demonstrator for pulleys and shafts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108751 CN1016293B (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | Folded dual-purpose demonstrator for pulleys and shafts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1051807A CN1051807A (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| CN1016293B true CN1016293B (en) | 1992-04-15 |
Family
ID=4881120
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108751 Expired CN1016293B (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | Folded dual-purpose demonstrator for pulleys and shafts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1016293B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103076079A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-05-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Torque correcting round standard beam made of hard aluminum alloy material |
| ES1185833Y (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-11 | Suarez Ignacio Varela | Portable assist device for chin exercises |
-
1990
- 1990-10-25 CN CN 90108751 patent/CN1016293B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1051807A (en) | 1991-05-29 |
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