CN101625789A - Method for monitoring forest fire in real time based on intelligent identification of smoke and fire - Google Patents

Method for monitoring forest fire in real time based on intelligent identification of smoke and fire Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101625789A
CN101625789A CN 200810127874 CN200810127874A CN101625789A CN 101625789 A CN101625789 A CN 101625789A CN 200810127874 CN200810127874 CN 200810127874 CN 200810127874 A CN200810127874 A CN 200810127874A CN 101625789 A CN101625789 A CN 101625789A
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fire
cloud terrace
image
forest
pyrotechnics
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CN 200810127874
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倪金生
钱晓明
姜航
贾春华
张烈强
陈晓东
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Beijing Dongfang Taitan Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Dongfang Taitan Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
    • G08B17/125—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions by using a video camera to detect fire or smoke

Abstract

The invention introduces a new method for monitoring forest fire in real time based on digital image processing and the intelligent identification of smoke and fire to accurately detect the forest fire. The method comprises the following steps: performing real-time image analysis on a video frame transmitted by a network camera; selecting that whether fire exists in the field of view and a position and an area where the fire happens, wherein the analysis and the selection are carried out by means of the latest digital image processing technology and the digital image mode identification technology; based on behavior characteristics of the smoke and fire, such as color, color distribution, shape, outline, textures and the like, performing parallel processing; and finally transmitting processing results to a fuzzy neutral network, and obtaining the final evaluation according to the weight of each algorithm. The quick and reliable comprehensive analysis on the smoke and fire greatly reduces the probability of misinformation. Based on the method, aiming at the current situations of forests in different areas, a forest fire protection system independently developed by Beijing Oriental Titan Technology Co., Ltd. can effectively and rationally predict and identify the fire which is to happen or has happened and can timely perform fire-alarm prediction to reduce loss of forest resources through a monitoring management and command center system, a wireless transmission system, a camera and lens system, a tripod head control system and a power system.

Description

Forest fire method of real-time based on smoke and fire intelligent identification
Technical field
The present invention monitors forest fire by the Intelligent Recognition of pyrotechnics and reports to the police, and is applicable to forestry fire prevention commanding and decision-making.
Background technology
Set up the round-the-clock long-focus video camera of infrared low-light (level) on the sightseeing tower of control point, forest zone, rotation is taken incessantly, and forest map picture is on every side reached Internet video service centre through wireless network; Each control point forest fire situation of Video service center real time monitoring can be logined by Intranet in the control and command center, carry out pyrotechnics and discern automatically by intelligent image processing, forest fires identification alarm software, receive the status information of The Cloud Terrace simultaneously, according to the camera position and other associated information calculation fire alarm target location that obtain, after monitoring fire and further confirming by the operator, command centre sends warning message to the fire-fighting center, and the commander's work of correspondingly putting out a fire to save life and property.Smoke and fire intelligent identification alarm module plays an important role in system
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is by carrying out data transmission with the place ahead monitoring camera, obtain monitoring image in real time, carry out the realtime graphic analysis by passing the frame of video of coming, get the position and the zone of deciding whether to exist in the ken condition of a fire and condition of a fire generation by web camera.These algorithms are made up of up-to-date Digital Image Processing, digital picture mode identification technology, behavioural characteristic based on flame smog, as: color, color distribution, shape, profile, texture etc., carry out parallel processing, give fuzzy neural network with result transmission at last, according to the weight of each algorithm, draw the final assessment that whether has pyrotechnics to take place, step is as follows:
(1) decoding digital video is gathered the video information that transmits from the monitoring front end, drives by video acquisition and converts video information the image of appointment to, so that carry out the identification of pyrotechnics image;
(2) the The Cloud Terrace code stream is gathered, the The Cloud Terrace code stream is that the serial equipment manager incoming end (RS-232) by the master-control room PC imports into, The Cloud Terrace code stream acquisition module is according to the code stream coding rule of arranging in advance, the action message that The Cloud Terrace is current is resolved, judge the information of the current horizontal rotatio direction of The Cloud Terrace, vertical sense of rotation and prefabricated position;
(3) smoke and fire intelligent image recognition, the pyrotechnics picture recognition module is the key that forest fires identification warning system realizes detection, behavioural characteristic according to flame smog, as: color, color distribution, shape, profile, texture etc., utilize forest background image and fire, the difference of smog image on spectral signature, space geometry feature, utilization image processing method and complicated recognizer are analyzed the forest zone image, judge whether doubtful fiery point is arranged on the image of forest zone;
(4) cradle head control, the user can realize the adjusting of the depth of field, focal length and the aperture of camera lens by the control to The Cloud Terrace, can also obtain the image of different angles by the adjusting up and down of The Cloud Terrace.When fire took place, the forest fires alarm module sent warning message, and the cradle head control module is monitored the action command that sends the locking The Cloud Terrace in system to forest fires simultaneously, thus control The Cloud Terrace fixed range (or fixed point) scanning;
(5) forest fires location, after monitoring pyrotechnics, the system lock The Cloud Terrace by relevant informations such as the orientation of the height of Dang Qian sightseeing tower, The Cloud Terrace, focus of camera, is calculated the position that forest fire takes place according to formula.
Embodiment
A, based on the anticipation algorithm of color
Usually the forest most of the time is in the state of no burning things which may cause a fire disaster, so can be to simply judging earlier from video flowing image intercepting and that be converted to the BMP form.Native system adopts the state based on the algorithm detected image of color: no matter when, because the flame envelope high-temperature part of flame is absolute high temperature, and the brightness of flame itself concentrates on redness mostly, the color of fire always shows as red, so in the algorithm of fire, anticipation that we have at first carried out image: judge promptly whether this image has red information, if there is not red zone, just, so just accelerated recognition efficiency greatly not with carrying out other fiery algorithm.Its algorithm is:
Pi(x，y)∈[R1，R2]
Wherein, (x y) is the rgb value of pending image pixel to Pi, and [R1, R2] is the red threshold values that show as fire of experiment after determining.(x, y) during ∈ [R1, R2], then judging has doubtful burning things which may cause a fire disaster, takes red channel, gives up the color of other two passages, and separately red channel is discerned processing, and should separate [] in the zone from background as Pi.Algorithm to various forest fires behavioural characteristics below then entering is judged.When Pi ( x , y ) ∉ [ R 1 , R 2 ] The time, then judge and do not have fire cigarette whether occurs so judge this image.
B, based on the algorithm of pyrotechnics color distribution
Flame generally from the flame core to the flame envelope its color should move to redness from white, according to these characteristics, following recognizer has been proposed.From the top left pixel of flame color object, get the connected pixel point successively, communication direction is the bottom right, does not have connected pixel as the bottom right and then takes off connection, until having got.Per three pixels are got the mean value of red proportion, form ordered series of numbers, do first order difference then.The difference ordered series of numbers that obtains at last inputs to the differentiation algorithm, from initial pixel is that starting point is when working as the heavy minimizing trend of red ratio and continuing certain step number, illustrated from red to white mobile trend, in like manner from being that starting point is worked as that red ratio heavily continues to increase and during certain step number, illustrated from red to white mobile trend by pixel.Any situation occurs all, and the account for color distribution just has the flame characteristics.
Calculate red proportion.Formula is as follows:
redratio ( x , y ) = Σ x , y ∈ m R ( P i ( x , y ) ) R ( P i ( x , y ) ) + G ( P i ( x , y ) ) + B ( P i ( x , y ) )
Wherein, (Pi (x, y)) is P frame (x, the R among RGB y) (Pi (x, y)), G (Pi (x, y)), G (Pi (x, y)) to R.
C, based on the algorithm of pyrotechnics shape recognition:
Circularity characterizes the complexity of body form, and its computing formula is:
μ＝L 2/S
Wherein, μ is a circularity, and L is a girth, and S is an area.
Girth is the boundary length of object, can travel through boundary chain code, can calculate boundary length.Bright spot number by the statistics pel can obtain area.Circularity is got minimum value 4 π to circular object, and complicated more its value of body form is big more.Divided by 4 π, the minimum value that makes circularity is 1 to native system with the circularity value, so that observation.
Circularity is highly effective as the criterion that characterizes the fire disaster flame characteristic, can do early stage judgement, the interference of the shinny object of exclusionary rules (as the sun etc.), thus reduce calculated amount.
D, blending algorithm
(Back2propagation, BP) neural network is discerned neural network model as fire hazard aerosol fog to native system, utilizes fuzzy neural network, with above assessment Macro or mass analysis to flame object behavioral trait with three layers of backpropagation.Judge accurately because above each feature all can not provide strictness separately, and if several assessments are combined and will improve the accuracy of judgement degree greatly; Simultaneously, when several assessments were merged, decision parameter was to be difficult to determine, so consider to utilize fuzzy neural network to realize data fusion.In the whole network, discern the input of neural network as smog with the result of each algorithm of front, utilize neural network to determine the membership function of input, output data, smog identification neural network is carried out analysis and judgement to the input data, identify " forest fires feature " or " non-forest fires feature ", the system that obtains finally exports.When confirming as the fire possibility, send alerting signal, otherwise do not report to the police, and change the image recognition processes of the cigarette of next stage over to greater than certain threshold values (for example 60%).
E, smoke and fire intelligent recognizer
1, algorithm inlet: be the InputPicture (CStringArray﹠amp of CFireWarning class; PicArray) function only need import image file name (three width of cloth images) into and can carry out forest fires identification;
2, the main flow process of algorithm is at the int of CFireWarning class InputPicture (CStringArray﹠amp; Pic) in the function:
A, at first finish the base conditioning of image by the COpenCVDetect class---comprise Static Detection and detection of dynamic;
B, utilize the CFireRecDetect class to finish the feature extraction of image again;
C, utilize neural network to carry out the identification of static forest fires image;
D, in conjunction with the warning of classifying of dynamic and static recognition result.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a smoke and fire intelligent recognizer basic flow sheet

Claims (4)

1, based on the forest fire method of real-time of Digital Image Processing and identification, its feature includes:
Video acquisition module is gathered the video information that transmits from the monitoring front end, drives by video acquisition and converts video information the image of appointment to, so that carry out the identification of pyrotechnics image;
Decoder module is gathered the video information that transmits from the monitoring front end, drives by video acquisition and converts video information the image of appointment to, so that carry out the identification of pyrotechnics image;
The Cloud Terrace code stream acquisition module, the The Cloud Terrace code stream is that the serial equipment manager incoming end (RS-232) by the master-control room PC imports into, The Cloud Terrace code stream acquisition module is according to the code stream coding rule of arranging in advance, the action message that The Cloud Terrace is current is resolved, judge the information of the current horizontal rotatio direction of The Cloud Terrace, vertical sense of rotation and prefabricated position;
The cradle head control module, the user can realize the adjusting of the depth of field, focal length and the aperture of camera lens by the control to The Cloud Terrace, can also obtain the image of different angles by the adjusting up and down of The Cloud Terrace.When fire took place, the forest fires alarm module sent warning message, and the cradle head control module sends the action command of locking The Cloud Terrace to the forest fires monitoring subsystem simultaneously, thereby controlled The Cloud Terrace fixed range (or fixed point) scanning;
Intelligence pyrotechnics picture recognition module, the pyrotechnics picture recognition module is the key that forest fires identification warning system realizes detection, behavioural characteristic according to flame smog, as: color, color distribution, shape, profile, texture etc., utilize forest background image and fire, the difference of smog image on spectral signature, space geometry feature, utilization image processing method and complicated recognizer are analyzed the forest zone image, judge whether doubtful fiery point is arranged on the image of forest zone;
The forest fires locating module, monitor pyrotechnics after, the system lock The Cloud Terrace by relevant informations such as the orientation of the height of Dang Qian sightseeing tower, The Cloud Terrace, focus of camera, is calculated the position that forest fire takes place according to formula.
2, cradle head control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Cloud Terrace control panel conveniently, carry out upper and lower, left and right, cruise The Cloud Terrace, control operations such as aperture, brightness regulation.
3, intelligent pyrotechnics image recognition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: produce with recognition mode static and that dynamically combine, extract pyrotechnics about pyrotechnics features such as color, saturation degree, center of circle degree, out-of-shape, movement locus scramblings, with three layers of backpropagation (Back2propagation, BP) neural network is discerned neural network model as fire hazard aerosol fog, utilize fuzzy neural network, with above assessment Macro or mass analysis to the pyrotechnics behavioral trait.
4, forest fires according to claim 1 are located, it is characterized in that: once intelligent pyrotechnics image recognition detects the condition of a fire, system automatically locks The Cloud Terrace, and calculates the geographic position that the condition of a fire takes place and locate on electronic chart according to the current attitude (The Cloud Terrace horizontal azimuth, the angle of pitch, geographic coordinate) of The Cloud Terrace.
CN 200810127874 2008-07-07 2008-07-07 Method for monitoring forest fire in real time based on intelligent identification of smoke and fire Pending CN101625789A (en)

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