CN101623616A - Process and device for preparing nano-powder by utilizing ultrasonic static electricity - Google Patents
Process and device for preparing nano-powder by utilizing ultrasonic static electricity Download PDFInfo
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- CN101623616A CN101623616A CN200810085984A CN200810085984A CN101623616A CN 101623616 A CN101623616 A CN 101623616A CN 200810085984 A CN200810085984 A CN 200810085984A CN 200810085984 A CN200810085984 A CN 200810085984A CN 101623616 A CN101623616 A CN 101623616A
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Abstract
The invention provides a process and a device for preparing nano-powder by utilizing ultrasonic static electricity. The process and the device combine the advantages of ultrasonic atomization and static atomization and skillfully overcome the disadvantages of the two. The process mainly comprises the following steps that: raw material is heated to be in a liquid state through a heating furnace, degassed through a degassing device and then conveyed to an atomizer through a pipeline; the raw material in the atomizer is first precharged via a precharging device and then is guided into a nozzle of a piezoelectric-type ultrasonic atomization system through a flow-guiding pipe in order to be atomized; the obtained material is accelerated through a primary acceleration-ring group, enters an inductive charging ring, and is charged and atomized again; the atomized raw material is accelerated through a secondary acceleration-ring group, joined and mixed through a Y-shaped pipe; mixed compounded fog drops are irradiated with an alpha ray source to remove surface charge; the charge-removed fog drops pass through a flow-guiding device (a resistance-wire heating pipe is arranged in the flow-guiding device to perform corresponding thermal decomposition on the fog drops needing thermal decomposition), enter a condenser, are condensed into solid powder; and the solid power leaves the atomizer and then enters a collection device in order to be collected. Therefore, the nano-powder with product stability, high performance, narrow particle distribution, uniform particle distribution, good monodispersity, little agglomeration, high purity and good sphericity can be prepared by utilizing equipment which is simple, low in cost, free from pollution, easy to control and suitable for large-scale continuous industrial production.
Description
Affiliated technical field
This technology and device belong to the nano-powder device for making.Relate to a kind of technology and the capital equipment thereof that can produce nano metal powder, Nanoalloy powder, nano oxide powder, composite nano-powder
Background technology
Utilize simply, low-cost, pollution-free, easy to control be fit to that equipment that extensive continuous industry produces produces that product is stable, high-performance, distribution of particles are narrow, even particle distribution, monodispersity are good, reunite less, purity height, nano-powder that ball is good.It is the researcher's in nano-powder field striving direction always.According to the retrieval, the nano powder preparation method has vapor phase method, liquid phase method, solid phase method etc.Several method all has advantage separately, but the technology shortcoming that self is difficult to overcome is also arranged and be difficult to complementation, can not produce the high product of cost performance
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the method for utilizing ultrasonic atomization and electrostatic atomization to combine is produced nano-powder.Both production equipments all have advantages such as simple and easy to control.But different shortcomings is also all arranged separately simultaneously.For example, the powder of ultrasonic atomization preparation is difficult to reach nanometer scale or the like shortcoming; Electrostatic atomization yields poorly again, easy stifled or the like the shortcoming of plug.The present invention has also overcome both shortcomings dexterously when combining both advantage.Can reach thus utilize simply, low-cost, pollution-free, easy to control be fit to that equipment that extensive continuous industry produces produces that product is stablized, high-performance, distribution of particles are narrow, even particle distribution, monodispersity are good, reunion less, purity height, nano-powder that ball is good.
Technical scheme
Raw material is heated to liquid state by heating furnace, is transported in the atomizer by pipeline by degassing equipment degassing back again.In atomizer, raw material at first carries out charged in advance through pre-load electric apparatus (17).Pre-load electric apparatus (17) is made up of pre-load electric apparatus import (38) (connecing degassing equipment), pre-load electric apparatus outlet (39) (connecing mozzle), discharge metal ring (41), metal needle electrode (42) four parts, the charged device that has discharge metal ring (41) and metal needle electrode (42) to constitute at pre-load electric apparatus (17) middle part, the external ground wire of discharge metal ring interface (43) of discharge metal ring (41), the metal needle electrode of metal needle electrode (42) connects high voltage source (high-voltage DC power supply is provided by the outside).On pre-load electric apparatus inwall (40), scribble high-temperature insulation coating.Raw material after pre-charged is gone into atomizing in the piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1) by mozzle (37) water conservancy diversion that internal diameter scribbles high-temperature insulation coating., an end links to each other with pre-load electric apparatus outlet (39), and the other end stretches into pays pipe (35) inside.Piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1) is made of power supply (2), transducer (33), amplitude transformer (34), payment pipe (35), tool heads (36), mozzle (37) six parts, power supply (2) is a kind of device that ultrasonic electric energy is provided to ultrasonic transducer, for amplitude transformer provides high power, the frequency tuning driving signal to the piezoelectric vibrator resonant frequency.The longitudinal vibrator that transducer (33) adopts bolt to clamp mostly, material is at present still based on piezoelectric ceramics, and the main effect of transducer is the piezoelectric activity by piezo-electric crystal, and the high-frequency electromagnetic concussion is converted into mechanical oscillation, both electric energy is converted into acoustic energy.Amplitude transformer (34) claims ultrasonic variable amplitude bar, ultrasonic wave change of voice bar again, it mainly acts on is that the particle displacement of mechanical oscillation or speed are amplified, perhaps ultrasonic energy is concentrated on the less area, it is cumulative action, in addition, amplitude transformer can also carry out impedance matching as the mechanical impedance converter between transducer and acoustic load, ultrasonic energy is more effectively transmitted to load from transducer.The metal ultrasonic atomization is 1/2nd Alpha or 1/4th Alpha's a odd-multiple (Alpha is a wavelength) with the amplitude transformer length overall, must carry out the calculating and the processing of composite oscillator in strict accordance with 1/2nd Alpha's oscillators or 1/4th odd-multiple.The effect of paying pipe (35) is that (liquid material in 37 is injected in the tool heads (6) in the mode of facing empty cast, and tool heads (6) is made plane with mozzle.Via the raw material after piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1) atomizing, enter in the induction charging ring (26) after the elementary intensifier ring group of being made up of elementary intensifier ring group cathode metal ring (27) and elementary intensifier ring group negative pole becket (28) is quickened and charge.The structure of elementary intensifier ring group and secondary intensifier ring group is identical all to be that live metal ring by certain distance constitutes, and the intensifier ring group is the similar principle of being made by the principle that charged particle is subjected to the effect of electric field force to produce acceleration in electric field by linear accelerator; Induction charging ring (26) is a metal drum ring, by the external external dc power of induction charging ring power interface.Droplet is further charged via the charging rear surface, and droplet surface adsorption capacity and activity increase under the effect of electrostatic force, the liquid surface layer is produced align significantly, causes surface tension to descend.Thereby reduce the atomizing resistance, help droplet and further atomize.Simultaneously, the mutual exclusion of same sex electric charge, the electric weight that obtains when droplet is greater than Rayleigh limit, and electrostatic force makes droplet further broken deface tension force, the further refinement of droplet.By, control pre-load electric apparatus and induction charging ring can make atomizing raw materials arrive nanometer scale to the carrying capacity of raw material.Raw material after the atomizing converges mixing by " Y " type pipe (4) the bottom intersection that has permanent magnet (3) after carrying out acceleration second time by secondary intensifier ring group (by secondary intensifier ring group cathode metal ring (24) and advance secondary intensifier ring group negative pole becket (25) constitute) again.Two permanent magnets (3) are installed in both sides, " Y " type pipe middle part respectively, to change the direction of motion of charged particle; Two of " Y " type pipes are gone up a middle part magnetic cup barrier plate of material (18), to reach disturbing mutually of barrier two permanent magnet (3).Magnet has the Lorentz force influence to charge species, makes the charge species of motion change the direction of motion.By, the work that changes two pre-load electric apparatus and induction electricity charger is electrical, atomization system is made have different electropolar droplets, makes after being mixed by " Y " type pipe (4) to have that different electric polarity droplets are compound makes compound particulate droplet again.Droplet after the mixing of process " Y " type pipe is compound is through alpha ray source irradiation removal surface charge." Y " type pipe (4) is made of two identical " Y " type Guan Shangzhi (15), and two " Y " type pipes with certain angle junction together; Each " Y " type Guan Shangzhi top is equipped with a piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1), and the middle part is equipped with elementary intensifier ring group, induction charging ring, secondary intensifier ring group from top to bottom.
Remove the droplet of electric charge because the cause that is accelerated moves to guiding gutter (29) with certain speed.Guiding gutter (29) is trapezoidal how much grooves; Guiding gutter lazyness gas nozzle (30) is installed in guiding gutter (29) bottom.Spoiler (31) is installed in guiding gutter lazyness gas nozzle (30) below to play the effect of flow-disturbing; Resistance wire heating tube (5) is installed in the top at adjacent guiding gutter (29) middle part, and resistance wire heating tube (5) inside is that the resistance wire (45) that certain number of turn is arranged constitutes, and shell is made by the extremely strong material of thermal conductivity.Droplet is heated by resistance wire heating tube (5) through guiding gutter (29) top the time.When temperature reached heat decomposition temperature, droplet carried out thermal decomposition.(need not carry out the droplet that thermal decomposition process is handled, the lazyness gas nozzle (30) at resistance wire heating tube (5) and guiding gutter (29) middle part is not worked, directly flow into air deflector by gravity) subsequently because the lazyness gas nozzle (30) at guiding gutter (29) middle part has the ejection of lazyness gas to produce venturi-effect, the product of thermal decomposition is inhaled in the guiding gutter.Droplet after the shunting of process guiding gutter or droplet and gas leave atomizer from atomizer outlet (12) after entering and being condensed into pressed powder in the condenser (9), then enter collecting device and carry out collection work.。Cooling water inlet (38) in the condenser (9), coolant outlet (39) link to each other with extraneous miniature boiler generating set.The miniature boiler generating set relies on the waste heat of cooling water to produce into energy and drives generating set.The bindiny mechanism that atomizer is made up of interface (14) on atomizer lower interface (13) and the atomizer and sealing ring (6) links to each other.Atomizer inwall (7) is made by high-performance heat-insulation and heat-preservation insulating materials.The gas extraction system of atomizer is by forming at the lazyness gas spout (16) on atomizer top and the exhaust outlet (10) of atomizer bottom.The lazyness gas spout (16) on atomizer top, the exhaust outlet (10) of atomizer bottom, guiding gutter lazyness gas nozzle (30) all are to hold the resistant to elevated temperatures gas valve of high pressure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an atomizer overall structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is " Y " type Guan Shangzhi structural representation
Fig. 3 is the A face schematic diagram of Fig. 2
Fig. 4 is a resistance wire heating tube schematic diagram
Fig. 5 is a piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle arrangements schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is the A face schematic diagram of Fig. 5
Fig. 7 is the pre-load electric apparatus structural representation
Fig. 8 is a pre-load electric apparatus axial arrangement schematic diagram
Fig. 9 is an atomizer substructure schematic diagram
Figure 10 is the A-A face schematic diagram of Fig. 9
Figure 11 is the B-B face schematic diagram of Fig. 9
Among the figure 1, ultrasonic atomization system nozzle system, 2, ultrasonic atomization system nozzle system power supply, 3, permanent magnet, 4, " Y " type pipe, 5, the resistance wire heating tube, 6, sealing ring, the inwall of 7 atomizers, 8, coolant outlet, 9, condenser, 10, the exhaust outlet of atomizer bottom, 11, coolant outlet, 12, the atomizer outlet, 13, the atomizer lower interface, 14, interface on the atomizer, 15, " Y " type Guan Shangzhi, 16, atomizer lazyness gas spout, 17, pre-load electric apparatus, 18, magnetic cup barrier plate of material, 19, elementary intensifier ring group negative pole interface, 20, elementary intensifier ring group anode interface, 21, induction charging ring power interface, 22, secondary intensifier ring group negative pole interface, 23, secondary intensifier ring group anode interface, 24, secondary intensifier ring group cathode metal ring, 25, secondary intensifier ring group negative pole becket, 26, the induction charging ring, 27, elementary intensifier ring group cathode metal ring, 28, elementary intensifier ring group negative pole becket, 29, guiding gutter, 30, guiding gutter lazyness gas nozzle, 31, spoiler, 32, condenser wall, 33, transducer, 34, amplitude transformer, 35, pay pipe, 36, tool heads, 37, mozzle, 38, the pre-load electric apparatus import, 39, the pre-load electric apparatus outlet, 40, the pre-load electric apparatus inwall, 41, the discharge metal ring, 42, the metal needle electrode, 43, the discharge metal ring interface, 44, metal needle-like electrode interface, 45, resistance wire.
Implement to instruct
In implementation process, want the foreign gas in the strict control atomiser system and the content of moisture.Before enforcement, to remove the work of foreign gas and moisture by the atomizer gas extraction system to atomizer.
Concrete grammar
1 closed all valves
2 exhaust outlets of opening the atomizer bottom carry out exhaust to atomizer
The 3 lazyness gas spouts of closing the Exhaust Open atomizer top of the atomizer bottom lazyness gas of in atomizer, annotating
4 carry out exhaust from the exhaust outlet of newly opening the atomizer bottom to atomizer
Embodiment 1
Metal, alloy nano particle preparation process
Metal, alloy raw material at first enter the degassing equipment degassing after melting furnace is fused into liquid state.Liquid material after the degassing is gone into atomizer (reaching control to the raw material carrying capacity by the control to the voltage and current of pre-load electric apparatus external dc power) by the mozzle water conservancy diversion after pre-load electric apparatus is charged, be atomized into droplet by the ultrasonic nozzle system then after the intensifier ring group quickens to enter the induction charging district charging that the induction charging ring forms and (thereby reach the fogdrop diameter of control through atomizing for the first time by the vibration frequency that the parameter of regulating the ultrasonic nozzle system power supply is controlled the ultrasonic nozzle system; Reaching Rayleigh limit via the charged droplet after the charging further atomizes, finally reach nano level fogdrop diameter (thereby reaching the control fogdrop diameter of atomizing for the second time) by the carried charge that the running parameter of regulating induction charging ring external dc power is controlled the induction charging ring, the droplet of the nanometer scale of atomizing back formation quickens to remove surface charge by the irradiation of alpha ray source after the back droplet closes mixing through " Y " type manifold again through the acceleration of intensifier ring group.The droplet of removing surface charge is entered by the air deflector shunting and leaves atomizer from the atomizer outlet after being condensed into pressed powder in the condenser, then enters collecting device and carries out collection work.(the resistance wire heating tube of this preparation process air deflector top is not worked)
Embodiment 2
The oxide nano-particles preparation process
Earlier with deployed Cu (NO
3)
2Solution is filled into and carries out pre-charged processing in the pre-load electric apparatus, then goes in the ultrasonic wave nozzle system to atomize by the mozzle water conservancy diversion.Cu (NO after the atomizing
3)
2Solution quickens to enter the induction charging district charging that the induction charging ring forms through the intensifier ring group.Reach Rayleigh limit via the charged droplet after the charging and further atomize, the droplet of the nanometer scale of atomizing back formation quickens to remove surface charge by the irradiation of alpha ray source after the back droplet closes mixing through " Y " type pipe again through the acceleration of intensifier ring group.What the droplet of removing surface charge entered the air deflector top subsequently adds pyrolysis zone, Cu (NO
3)
2Solution nanometer scale droplet is adding pyrolysis zone heating decomposition generation cupric oxide, NO
2, O
2The cupric oxide, the NO that generate
2, O
2Enter by air deflector shunting and to leave atomizer from the atomizer outlet after being condensed into pressed powder in the condenser.Collect in solid and gas separated and collected device separates then through specialty.
Embodiment 3
The compound particle preparation process
The preparation of compound particle and above two kinds of preparation process main distinctions are that the nanometer scale droplet has carried out by " Y " type pipe the time compound.The electric polarity that changes two groups of pre-load electric apparatus of atomizer, induction charging ring when the preparation compound particle makes it the opposite sex.Fashionable because different electropolar droplets have interattraction through " Y " type manifold when the nanometer scale droplet that carries opposed polarity, the nanometer scale droplet cohesion of carrying opposed polarity forms compound particle.Then generating pressed powder with the drying (evaporation) of crossing condenser, condensation.
Claims (5)
1. a technology and device that utilizes ultrasonic static to produce nano-powder.It is characterized in that: the method for utilizing ultrasonic atomization and electrostatic atomization to combine is produced nano-powder, and its method is: handle through pre-load electric apparatus earlier; And then handle the droplet particulate obtain certain diameter through piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle; Then through the induction charging ring droplet particulate is carried out recharging again, control recharging amount by the carried charge of control induction charging ring, thereby reach nano_scale particle after making the carried charge of droplet particulate make the nearly step atomizing of droplet particulate greater than Rayleigh limit to the droplet particulate.The steps include:
Raw material is heated to liquid state by heating furnace, is transported in the atomizer by pipeline by degassing equipment degassing back again.In atomizer, raw material at first carries out pre-charged processing through pre-load electric apparatus (17), and atomizing in the piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1) is gone into by mozzle (37) water conservancy diversion in pre-charged back.Raw material after the atomizing is quickened to enter in the induction charging ring (26) by elementary intensifier ring group and charges; Raw material after induction charging ring (26) atomizing converges mixing by " Y " type pipe (4) after being undertaken quickening second time by secondary intensifier ring group again. and the droplet that mixes after compound shines the removal surface charge through the alpha ray source.The droplet of removing electric charge through guiding gutter (29) [have resistance wire heating tube (5) that the droplet that needs thermal decomposition is carried out corresponding thermal decomposition process in guiding gutter (29) top } after enter and be condensed into pressed powder in the condenser (9) and leave atomizer subsequently, then enter collecting device and carry out collection work.
2. a kind of technology and device that utilizes ultrasonic static to produce nano-powder according to claim 1.It is characterized in that: described pre-load electric apparatus (17) is made up of pre-load electric apparatus import (38), pre-load electric apparatus outlet (39), discharge metal ring (41), metal needle electrode (42) four parts, the charged device that has discharge metal ring (41) and metal needle electrode (42) to constitute at pre-load electric apparatus (17) middle part, the axis of discharge metal ring (41) and the dead in line of pre-load electric apparatus also are installed on the inwall at pre-load electric apparatus middle part, with metal needle electrode (42) one distance are arranged; The center of metal needle electrode (42) and the dead in line of pre-load electric apparatus also are fixed on by support on the inwall at pre-load electric apparatus middle part, and metal needle electrode (42) is made of several pin electrodes.The external ground wire of discharge metal ring interface (43) of discharge metal ring (41), the metal needle electrode external high voltage power supply of metal needle electrode (42).On pre-load electric apparatus inwall (40), scribble high-temperature insulation coating.
3. a kind of technology and device that utilizes ultrasonic static to produce nano-powder according to claim 1.It is characterized in that: the payment pipe (35) in the described piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1), tool heads (36) and mozzle (37).Paying pipe (35) is a sleeve, and the upper end of sleeve is that blind end is fixed on the amplitude transformer (34), and the lower end is the tool heads that plane middle part has concentric holes; The side of sleeve has one and passes through groove mutually, and mozzle (37) inserts into sleeve inner by the above-mentioned groove that passes through mutually; Sleeve inner is firmly to be made of the open circles that four axis overlap with sleeve axis, the circle that is positioned at the bottom during four open circles are lived is lived the minimum and concentric holes by tool heads of diameter and is linked to each other with the external world, be positioned at deputy circle from top to bottom and live the diameter maximum, above-mentioned greatest circle live diameter and smallest circle live diameter that the circle between the diameter lives be above-mentioned both diameters and 1/2nd, be positioned at the diameter that diameter that the top circle lives lives less than above-mentioned greatest circle and pass through groove mutually and link to each other with the external world; Mozzle (37) is fixed on the piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1), and an end links to each other with pre-load electric apparatus outlet (39), and the other end stretches into pays pipe (35) inside.
4. a kind of technology and device that utilizes ultrasonic static to produce nano-powder according to claim 1.It is characterized in that: described " Y " type pipe (4) is made of two identical " Y " type Guan Shangzhi (15), and two " Y " type Guan Shangzhi with certain angle junction together; Each " Y " type Guan Shangzhi top is equipped with a piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization system nozzle (1), and the middle part is equipped with elementary intensifier ring group, induction charging ring, secondary intensifier ring group from top to bottom.Two permanent magnets (3) are installed in both sides, " Y " type pipe middle part respectively, to change the direction of motion of charged particle; Two of " Y " type pipes are gone up a middle part magnetic cup barrier plate of material (18), to reach disturbing mutually of barrier two permanent magnet (3)
5. according to described a kind of technology and the device that utilizes ultrasonic static to produce nano-powder of claim 1.It is characterized in that: described guiding gutter (29) is trapezoidal how much grooves; Guiding gutter lazyness gas nozzle (30) is installed in guiding gutter (29) bottom.Spoiler (31) is installed in guiding gutter lazyness gas nozzle (30) below to play the effect of flow-disturbing; Resistance wire heating tube (5) is installed in the top at adjacent guiding gutter (29) middle part, and resistance wire heating tube (5) inside is that the resistance wire (45) that certain number of turn is arranged constitutes, and shell is made by the extremely strong material of thermal conductivity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810085984A CN101623616A (en) | 2008-07-07 | 2008-07-07 | Process and device for preparing nano-powder by utilizing ultrasonic static electricity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810085984A CN101623616A (en) | 2008-07-07 | 2008-07-07 | Process and device for preparing nano-powder by utilizing ultrasonic static electricity |
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| CN101623616A true CN101623616A (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| CN200810085984A Pending CN101623616A (en) | 2008-07-07 | 2008-07-07 | Process and device for preparing nano-powder by utilizing ultrasonic static electricity |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016062241A1 (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-28 | 中国科学院上海药物研究所 | Dynamically-monitoring high-frequency ultrasonic atomizing micro-granule preparation system |
| CN109482893A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-19 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of increasing material manufacturing globular metallic powder |
| CN109513942A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽中体新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of nano/submicron globular metallic powder aerosolization preparation method |
-
2008
- 2008-07-07 CN CN200810085984A patent/CN101623616A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016062241A1 (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-28 | 中国科学院上海药物研究所 | Dynamically-monitoring high-frequency ultrasonic atomizing micro-granule preparation system |
| CN109513942A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽中体新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of nano/submicron globular metallic powder aerosolization preparation method |
| CN109482893A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-19 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of increasing material manufacturing globular metallic powder |
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Application publication date: 20100113 |