CN101620008A - Portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrograph suitable for open-air remote sensing - Google Patents
Portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrograph suitable for open-air remote sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN101620008A CN101620008A CN200910089159A CN200910089159A CN101620008A CN 101620008 A CN101620008 A CN 101620008A CN 200910089159 A CN200910089159 A CN 200910089159A CN 200910089159 A CN200910089159 A CN 200910089159A CN 101620008 A CN101620008 A CN 101620008A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrograph suitable for open-air remote sensing, comprising a focusing lens, an acousto-optic tunable filter imaging module, an image collection module, a power supply module and a tripod, wherein the acousto-optic tunable filter imaging module comprises an acousto-optic tunable filter imaging unit and an acousto-optic tunable filter drive circuit, the acousto-optic tunable filter imaging unit comprises an acousto-optic tunable filter and a corresponding imaging optical system, and the acousto-optic tunable filter drive circuit completes the programmable selection and control of a wavelength; the image collection module comprises a face array image sensor and a portable type computer, the face array image sensor obtains images, the portable type computer controls the shooting time and acquiring the images, and acquired data are stored in the hard disk of the portable type computer in a standard high-spectrum data format; the power supply module comprises an accumulator group and a plurality of paths of voltage stabilizing circuits; and the tripod is used for placing and fixing the acousto-optic tunable filter imaging module and the image sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing, when being applicable to field work, ground high-spectrum remote-sensing is over the ground surveyed, and belongs to high light spectrum image-forming Detection Techniques field.
Background technology
At present, the imager that is used for open-air ground high spectrometry mostly is non-imaging-type greatly, beam splitter is based on grating, adopt the spot measurement mode, more famous is the high spectroscopic fibers spectrometer of FieldSpec series portable that the U.S. analyzes spectroscopy equipment (ASD) company, and traditional imaging spectrometer adopts push-broom type or sweeping formula working method mostly, light-dividing principle is mainly prism, grating beam splitting or interference beam split type, the spectrometer of these light-dividing principles needs moving component, volume, power consumption is bigger, is not suitable for light, low-power consumption, the open-air over the ground high light spectrum image-forming in portable ground is surveyed.Be different from traditional push-broom type and sweeping formula spectrum imaging system, the beam split of AOTF (acousto-optic tunable filter) spectrum does not have moving component, wavelength is short switching time, the selection of wavelength is adopted automatically controlled, belong to the one-tenth image height spectrum beam splitter of lightweight, low-power consumption, be suitable for very much open-air ground light spectrometry.The AOTF spectroscopic system of non-imaging mode has had comparatively ripe application in fields such as biology, medical treatment, be used for the qualitative analysis and the detection of special spectrum.Spectrum imaging system based on AOTF has been useful on the closely example of spectral measurement, because the transmitance of light intensity is subjected to the restriction of AOTF diffraction efficiency to a great extent, add the difference of imageing sensor in the quantum efficiency of different wavelength range, it is bigger inconsistent to cause the spectral response of different-waveband to exist, influence is particularly evident under the spectral resolution condition with higher, when being used for open-air remote sensing survey, owing to be subjected to outside factors, influence the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the dynamic range of data to a great extent, handle for follow-up application and brought bigger difficulty.In conjunction with the characteristics of AOTF own, design compatibly in the face of the portable instrument of the open-air high light spectrum image-forming remote sensing in ground, has important practical value.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing is provided, this instrument has the characteristics of lightweight, easy and simple to handle, good portability, the classification of distinctive optimization method integral time and screening-mode has effectively compensated the inconsistent of instrument spectral response.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing, it is characterized in that comprising following part: comprise tight shot, acousto-optic tunable filter (Acousto-optic Tunable Filter, AOTF) image-forming module, image capture module, power module, tripod
Tight shot is used for distant object and focuses on, and is connected with the AOTF image-forming module by the standard F interface;
The AOTF image-forming module, comprise AOTF image-generating unit and AOTF driving circuit, the power signal that AOTF driving circuit output frequency is adjustable drives the AOTF image-generating unit by the SMA radio frequency interface, the branch optical wavelength of control AOTF, realize the control able to programme of wavelength, control signal is provided by usb bus by portable computer, and the AOTF image-generating unit is made up of with the preposition and rearmounted optical system that is used for optical imagery AOTF, carries out the spectrum beam split under the effect of drive signal;
Image capture module, comprise array image sensor and portable computer, array image sensor carries out Image Acquisition good integral time according to optimizing, and by the IEEE1394 bus with image data transmission to portable computer, portable computer is according to selected screening-mode, adopt the method for optimizing integral time the shooting time of each wave band to be controlled the line data collection of going forward side by side;
Power module is made up of battery pack and plurality of paths of voltage stabilizing circuits, links to each other with array image sensor with the AOTF driving circuit, for it provides required direct-current working volts;
Tripod is used for placing and the fixing array image sensor in AOTF image-forming module and the image capture module, is used for the adjustment of height of instrument and attitude simultaneously.
Principle of the present invention is: according to the shooting distance and the field range of photographed scene, select the camera lens of proper focal length, utilize portable computer operation instrument system software that whole gatherer process is carried out initialization, relevant controlled variable is set, comprises gain, biasing, quantization digit, the tabulation of collection wave band, demonstration and the storage mode etc. of array image sensor; Utilize the method for optimizing integral time to calculate each wave band optimal value of required integral time then; Portable computer operation instrument system software is selected suitable screening-mode, by usb bus control AOTF driving circuit AOTF being carried out wavelength selects, the AOTF driving circuit sends the drive signal of corresponding frequencies to AOTF according to the control corresponding word by the SMA interface, behind " wavelength is selected to finish " signal of receiving AOTF driving circuit feedback, carry out data acquisition by IEEE1394 bus chain of command array image sensor, the data after the collection are passed through the IEEE1394 bus transfer to portable computer; Imaging spectrometer data is accompanied by the acquisition parameter record of instrument work and daily record of work file storage on portable computer hard disc.
Wherein, described image capture module adopts the method for optimizing integral time to being optimized control respectively the integral time of different-waveband, according to the actual photographed scene, field optimizing integral time, obtains the required best total of points time of each wave band.
Wherein, difference according to shooting environmental and shooting atural object, different screening-modes is set, utilize the method for optimizing integral time to obtain the required best total of points time of each wave band under the different mode, and best total of points time of different screening-mode correspondences form with look-up table is solidificated in the system software of instrument, during actual field work, select suitable screening-mode to carry out data acquisition.
Wherein, the optical system of instrument adopts the mode of fixed focal length, is equipped with the tight shot of a plurality of different focal, according to the difference of shooting distance, chooses the tight shot that different focal is installed, and the object distance of camera lens is fixing at infinity.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) adopt optimization method integral time to obtain the required best total of points time of each wave band by the kinetic measurement at scene, it is inconsistent that thereby the system spectrum that compensation causes owing to factors such as AOTF diffraction efficiency, imageing sensor quantum efficiencies responds, and improves the dynamic range of data and the precision of data processing.
(2) according to open-air shooting environmental and the difference of taking atural object, different screening-modes is set, and best total of points time of different screening-mode correspondences form with look-up table is solidificated in the system software of instrument, thereby to the optimization again of integral time, reduced the complicacy of instrument execute-in-place when having avoided each data acquisition.
(3) optical system adopts the mode of fixed focal length, is equipped with the tight shot of a plurality of different focal, according to the difference of shooting distance, chooses the telephoto lens that different focal is installed, and the object distance of camera lens is fixing at infinity, strengthens the simplicity of instrumentation.
(4) array image sensor is connected with portable computer by the IEEE1394 bus, need not special image pick-up card, and the AOTF driving circuit is connected with portable computer by usb bus.The placement of instrument and the fixing tripod apparatus that adopts, described feature makes instrument have the characteristics of lightweight, good portability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure composition frame chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is optimization algorithm flow chart integral time of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a workflow diagram of the present invention;
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes tight shot 1, AOTF image-forming module 2, image capture module 5, power module 8, tripod 11, wherein, tight shot is used for remote focal imaging, is connected with the AOTF image-forming module by the standard F interface; AOTF image-forming module 2 is made up of AOTF image-generating unit 3 and AOTF driving circuit 4, the AOTF driving circuit drives the piezoelectric transducer of AOTF in the AOTF image-generating unit by the adjustable power signal of SMA radio frequency interface output frequency, the branch optical wavelength of control AOTF, AOTF image-generating unit 3 is made up of with the preposition and rearmounted optical system that is used for optical imagery AOTF, carries out the spectrum beam split under the effect of drive signal; Image capture module 5 comprises array image sensor 6 and portable computer 7, array image sensor 6 carries out Image Acquisition, and by the IEEE1394 bus with image data transmission to portable computer, portable computer 7 is according to selected screening-mode, and control instrument carries out the imaging spectrum data gathering to adopt the method for optimizing integral time to regulate also to the shooting time of each wave band; Power module 8 comprises battery pack 9 and plurality of paths of voltage stabilizing circuits 10, plurality of paths of voltage stabilizing circuits 10 1 ends are connected with the output terminal of battery pack 9, the other end is connected with the power input of AOTF driving circuit 4 with array image sensor 6 respectively, and the output voltage of battery pack is carried out voltage stabilizing; Tripod 11 is used for placing and the fixing array image sensor 6 in tight shot 1, AOTF image-forming module 2 and the image capture module 5, is used for the adjustment of height of instrument and attitude simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, the algorithm of optimizing integral time in the image capture module of the present invention is based on the linear response modelling of imageing sensor.Ultimate principle is as follows: at first the linearity of imageing sensor is demarcated, calibrated imageing sensor satisfies under the same conditions, integral time and gradation of image value (DN) are directly proportional, and set up gradation of image value and the linear response relationship between integral time, and linear shape model is expressed as:
DN＝K·t
exp+DC
(1)
DC＝k
DC·t
exp+A
offset
(2)
Wherein, DN is a gray-scale value, t
ExpBe integral time, K is a scale-up factor, and DC is a dark current, A
OffsetBe the dark current biasing.Owing to have parasitic light among the AOTF, parasitic light does not pass through AOTF filtering, does not change along with the variation of diffraction efficiency, therefore need add the influence of parasitic light in the linear response, the variation of the gradation of image value that parasitic light causes also with being directly proportional integral time, is expressed as:
DN
SL＝k
SL·t
exp (3)
DN
noise＝(k
SL+k
DC)·t
exp+A
offset (4)
DN＝K·t
exp+DN
noise
＝(K+k
SL+k
DC)·t
exp+A
offset (5)
(5) formula is final response model.Wherein, DN
NoiseBe parasitic light and dark current noise, DN
SLBe the DN value that parasitic light brings, k
SLBe parasitic light scale-up factor, k
DCBe the dark current scale-up factor.
According to response relation, concrete implementation method is: place diffuse reflector in the visual field, the diffuse reflector center is overlapped with the center, visual field.Do not loading under the situation of radio-frequency (RF) driving signal, selecting a group inte gration time t
ExpAs sample, take multiple image, ask for average gray value DN respectively
Noise, simulate the scale-up factor k of parasitic light in the formula (4) with the least-squares line fitting method
SL+ k
DCAnd A
OffsetValue.Under the situation that loads radio-frequency (RF) driving signal, select a wavelength channel, then the k that obtains in the formula (4)
SL+ k
DCAnd A
OffsetValue bring in the formula (5), by certain t integral time is set
ExpObtain corresponding average gray value DN, calculate weighted mean, obtain the COEFFICIENT K in the formula (5).Thereby obtain the brightness linear response model of this wavelength channel in the formula (5).The Wavelength-converting passage calculates corresponding linear response scale-up factor, obtains the brightness linear response model under the required different wave length.
Determine best luminance dynamic range DN according to the linearity of imageing sensor then,, calculate optimum t integral time according to the response model that formula (5) is determined
ExpAll adopt said method to obtain the optimum integral time under the different wave length passage.Portable computer carries out acquisition controlling to each wave band respectively again according to each the waveband integral time after optimizing.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, workflow of the present invention mainly is divided into two parts: the setting of screening-mode parameter and the data acquisition of actual scene.The establishing method of screening-mode parameter is: according to external environment with take the different of atural object, the classification of refinement screening-mode, and algorithm that utilize to optimize integral time obtains the integral time of each wave band optimum under every kind of screening-mode, and with this selection foundation as the different screening-mode lower integral times.The concrete workflow of actual scene data acquisition is: at first select the tight shot of proper focal length according to shooting distance roughly, and be connected with the AOTF image-forming module by the F mouth of standard; Carry out the instrument initialization, comprising: select drainage pattern, adjust instrument clear aperature, array image sensor gain and biasing, quantization digit, merging patterns etc., select the wave band acquisition range, load the wavelength selective listing; Open the AOTF driving circuit then, send the control word of wavelength selection by the usb bus of portable computer to the AOTF driving circuit; Portable computer carries out image acquisition according to each the waveband integral time under the selected screening-mode by IEEE1394 bus chain of command array image sensor, to portable computer, data are stored on the disk of portable computer with the BSQ high-spectral data form of standard image after the collection by IEEE 1394 bus transfer; After image data transmission was finished, portable computer continued to send the control word that next wavelength is selected to the AOTF driving circuit, begins the circulation of another wave band digital collection, finished until the data acquisition of all wave bands; In spectrum data gathering, each unit information when instrument is gathered is noted with the form of daily record of work.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing is characterized in that: comprise tight shot (1), acousto-optic tunable filter image-forming module (2), image capture module (5), power module (8), tripod (11);
Tight shot is used for the distant object focal imaging, is connected with the acousto-optic tunable filter image-forming module by the standard F interface;
Acousto-optic tunable filter image-forming module (2) comprises acousto-optic tunable filter image-generating unit (3) and acousto-optic tunable filter driving circuit (4), the power signal that acousto-optic tunable filter driving circuit output frequency is adjustable drives the acousto-optic tunable filter image-generating unit by the SMA radio frequency interface, control divides optical wavelength, realize the control able to programme of wavelength, acousto-optic tunable filter image-generating unit (3) is made up of acousto-optic tunable filter and the preposition and rearmounted optical system that is used for optical imagery, carries out the spectrum beam split under the effect of drive signal;
Image capture module (5) comprises array image sensor (6) and portable computer (7), array image sensor (6) carries out Image Acquisition good integral time according to optimizing, and by the IEE1394 bus with image data transmission to portable computer, portable computer (7) adopts the method for optimizing integral time that the shooting time of each wave band is regulated, and control instrument carries out the imaging spectrum data gathering, and the original spectrum data after the processing are stored on portable computer (7) hard disk with the BSQ high-spectral data form of standard;
Power module (8) comprises battery pack (9) and plurality of paths of voltage stabilizing circuits (10), battery pack (9) is acousto-optic tunable filter driving circuit (4) and array image sensor (6) power supply, multi-path voltage stabilizer (10) one ends are connected with the output terminal of battery pack (9), the other end is connected with the power input of acousto-optic tunable filter driving circuit (4) with array image sensor (6) respectively, and the output voltage of battery pack is carried out voltage stabilizing;
Tripod (11) is used for placing and the fixing array image sensor (6) in tight shot (1), acousto-optic tunable filter image-forming module (2) and the image capture module (5), is used for the adjustment of height of instrument and attitude simultaneously.
2, a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described image capture module adopts the method for optimizing integral time to being optimized integral time of different-waveband control respectively, according to the actual photographed scene, field optimizing integral time, obtain the required best total of points time of each wave band.
3, a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: according to the difference of shooting environmental and shooting atural object, different screening-modes is set, utilize the method for optimizing integral time to obtain the required best total of points time of each wave band under the different mode, and best total of points time of different screening-mode correspondences form with look-up table is solidificated in the system software of instrument, during actual field work, select suitable screening-mode to carry out data acquisition.
4, a kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imaging spectrometer that is applicable to open-air remote sensing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the optical system of instrument adopts the mode of fixed focal length, be equipped with the tight shot of a plurality of different focal, difference according to shooting distance, choose the tight shot that different focal is installed, the object distance of camera lens is fixing at infinity.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103411672A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-27 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Compact type ground object image and spectrum detecting instrument with spectrum electronic speed controller selectable |
| CN103822711A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-28 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Digital image display method and hyper-spectral telescope |
| CN103913419A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Double-optical path switching imaging spectral system |
| CN108540698A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-14 | 长光禹辰信息技术与装备(青岛)有限公司 | A kind of the spectrum acquisition terminal and its operating method of more scene applications |
| CN109975219A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 上海德运光电技术有限公司 | A kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imager |
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| CN103411672A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-27 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Compact type ground object image and spectrum detecting instrument with spectrum electronic speed controller selectable |
| CN103411672B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-02-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of spectrum electricity adjusts optional compact atural object collection of illustrative plates detection instrument |
| CN103822711A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-28 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Digital image display method and hyper-spectral telescope |
| CN103822711B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-12-02 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Digital image display methods and EO-1 hyperion telescope |
| CN103913419A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Double-optical path switching imaging spectral system |
| CN109975219A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 上海德运光电技术有限公司 | A kind of portable type ground high-spectrum imager |
| CN108540698A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-14 | 长光禹辰信息技术与装备(青岛)有限公司 | A kind of the spectrum acquisition terminal and its operating method of more scene applications |
| CN111175239A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 北京科技大学 | High-spectrum nondestructive testing and identifying system for imaging of colored drawing cultural relics under deep learning |
| CN111175239B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2021-01-15 | 北京科技大学 | High-spectrum nondestructive testing and identifying system for imaging of colored drawing cultural relics under deep learning |
| CN111609937A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-01 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Thermal infrared imager external field calibration method and device |
| CN111609937B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-07-20 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Thermal infrared imager external field calibration method and device |
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